/home/mrjunejune/zenbu: third_party/sqlite3/shell.c comparison

comparison third_party/sqlite3/shell.c @ 173:827c6ac504cd hg-web

Merged in default here.

author	MrJuneJune <me@mrjunejune.com>
date	Mon, 19 Jan 2026 18:59:10 -0800
parents	589bab390fb4
children

comparison

equal deleted inserted replaced

-:c033667da5f9
+:827c6ac504cd
+/* DO NOT EDIT!
+** This file is automatically generated by the script in the canonical
+** SQLite source tree at tool/mkshellc.tcl.  That script combines source
+** code from various constituent source files of SQLite into this single
+** "shell.c" file used to implement the SQLite command-line shell.
+**
+** Most of the code found below comes from the "src/shell.c.in" file in
+** the canonical SQLite source tree.  That main file contains "INCLUDE"
+** lines that specify other files in the canonical source tree that are
+** inserted to getnerate this complete program source file.
+**
+** The code from multiple files is combined into this single "shell.c"
+** source file to help make the command-line program easier to compile.
+**
+** To modify this program, get a copy of the canonical SQLite source tree,
+** edit the src/shell.c.in" and/or some of the other files that are included
+** by "src/shell.c.in", then rerun the tool/mkshellc.tcl script.
+*/
+/*
+** 2001 September 15
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains code to implement the "sqlite" command line
+** utility for accessing SQLite databases.
+*/
+#if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+/* This needs to come before any includes for MSVC compiler */
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif
+typedef unsigned int u32;
+typedef unsigned short int u16;
+/*
+** Optionally #include a user-defined header, whereby compilation options
+** may be set prior to where they take effect, but after platform setup.
+** If SQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE=? is defined, its value names the #include
+** file. Note that this macro has a like effect on sqlite3.c compilation.
+*/
+# define SHELL_STRINGIFY_(f) #f
+# define SHELL_STRINGIFY(f) SHELL_STRINGIFY_(f)
+#ifdef SQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE
+# include SHELL_STRINGIFY(SQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE)
+#endif
+/*
+** Determine if we are dealing with WinRT, which provides only a subset of
+** the full Win32 API.
+*/
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OS_WINRT)
+# define SQLITE_OS_WINRT 0
+#endif
+/*
+** If SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE is defined then the shell is modified
+** somewhat for use as a WASM module in a web browser. This flag
+** should only be used when building the "fiddle" web application, as
+** the browser-mode build has much different user input requirements
+** and this build mode rewires the user input subsystem to account for
+** that.
+*/
+/*
+** Warning pragmas copied from msvc.h in the core.
+*/
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4054)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4055)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4100)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4130)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4152)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4189)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4206)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4210)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4232)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4244)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4305)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4306)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4702)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4706)
+#endif /* defined(_MSC_VER) */
+/*
+** No support for loadable extensions in VxWorks.
+*/
+#if (defined(__RTP__) || defined(_WRS_KERNEL)) && !SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION 1
+#endif
+/*
+** Enable large-file support for fopen() and friends on unix.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
+# define _LARGE_FILE       1
+# ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
+#   define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
+# endif
+# define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) && !defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
+/*
+** emcc requires _POSIX_SOURCE (or one of several similar defines)
+** to expose strdup().
+*/
+# define _POSIX_SOURCE
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "sqlite3.h"
+typedef sqlite3_int64 i64;
+typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64;
+typedef unsigned char u8;
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#ifndef _WIN32
+# include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
+# include <signal.h>
+# if !defined(__RTP__) && !defined(_WRS_KERNEL) && !defined(SQLITE_WASI)
+#  include <pwd.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+#if (!defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)) || defined(__MINGW32__)
+# include <unistd.h>
+# include <dirent.h>
+# define GETPID getpid
+# if defined(__MINGW32__)
+#  define DIRENT dirent
+#  ifndef S_ISLNK
+#   define S_ISLNK(mode) (0)
+#  endif
+# endif
+#else
+# define GETPID (int)GetCurrentProcessId
+#endif
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#if HAVE_READLINE
+# include <readline/readline.h>
+# include <readline/history.h>
+#endif
+#if HAVE_EDITLINE
+# include <editline/readline.h>
+#endif
+#if HAVE_EDITLINE || HAVE_READLINE
+# define shell_add_history(X) add_history(X)
+# define shell_read_history(X) read_history(X)
+# define shell_write_history(X) write_history(X)
+# define shell_stifle_history(X) stifle_history(X)
+# define shell_readline(X) readline(X)
+#elif HAVE_LINENOISE
+# include "linenoise.h"
+# define shell_add_history(X) linenoiseHistoryAdd(X)
+# define shell_read_history(X) linenoiseHistoryLoad(X)
+# define shell_write_history(X) linenoiseHistorySave(X)
+# define shell_stifle_history(X) linenoiseHistorySetMaxLen(X)
+# define shell_readline(X) linenoise(X)
+#else
+# define shell_read_history(X)
+# define shell_write_history(X)
+# define shell_stifle_history(X)
+# define SHELL_USE_LOCAL_GETLINE 1
+#endif
+#ifndef deliberate_fall_through
+/* Quiet some compilers about some of our intentional code. */
+# if defined(GCC_VERSION) && GCC_VERSION>=7000000
+#  define deliberate_fall_through __attribute__((fallthrough));
+# else
+#  define deliberate_fall_through
+# endif
+#endif
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+# if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+#  define SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN 1
+# else
+#  include <io.h>
+#  include <fcntl.h>
+#  define isatty(h) _isatty(h)
+#  ifndef access
+#   define access(f,m) _access((f),(m))
+#  endif
+#  ifndef unlink
+#   define unlink _unlink
+#  endif
+#  ifndef strdup
+#   define strdup _strdup
+#  endif
+#  undef pclose
+#  define pclose _pclose
+# endif
+#else
+/* Make sure isatty() has a prototype. */
+extern int isatty(int);
+# if !defined(__RTP__) && !defined(_WRS_KERNEL) && !defined(SQLITE_WASI)
+/* popen and pclose are not C89 functions and so are
+** sometimes omitted from the <stdio.h> header */
+extern FILE *popen(const char*,const char*);
+extern int pclose(FILE*);
+# else
+#  define SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN 1
+# endif
+#endif
+#if defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+/* Windows CE (arm-wince-mingw32ce-gcc) does not provide isatty()
+* thus we always assume that we have a console. That can be
+* overridden with the -batch command line option.
+*/
+#define isatty(x) 1
+#endif
+/* ctype macros that work with signed characters */
+#define IsSpace(X)  isspace((unsigned char)X)
+#define IsDigit(X)  isdigit((unsigned char)X)
+#define ToLower(X)  (char)tolower((unsigned char)X)
+#define IsAlnum(X)  isalnum((unsigned char)X)
+#define IsAlpha(X)  isalpha((unsigned char)X)
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+#if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+#include <intrin.h>
+#endif
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+/* string conversion routines only needed on Win32 */
+extern char *sqlite3_win32_unicode_to_utf8(LPCWSTR);
+extern LPWSTR sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(const char *zText);
+#endif
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/sqlite3_stdio.h ******************/
+/*
+** 2024-09-24
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This header file contains definitions of interfaces that provide
+** cross-platform I/O for UTF-8 content.
+**
+** On most platforms, the interfaces definitions in this file are
+** just #defines.  For example sqlite3_fopen() is a macro that resolves
+** to the standard fopen() in the C-library.
+**
+** But Windows does not have a standard C-library, at least not one that
+** can handle UTF-8.  So for windows build, the interfaces resolve to new
+** C-language routines contained in the separate sqlite3_stdio.c source file.
+**
+** So on all non-Windows platforms, simply #include this header file and
+** use the interfaces defined herein.  Then to run your application on Windows,
+** also link in the accompanying sqlite3_stdio.c source file when compiling
+** to get compatible interfaces.
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_
+#define _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_ 1
+#ifdef _WIN32
+/**** Definitions For Windows ****/
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+FILE *sqlite3_fopen(const char *zFilename, const char *zMode);
+FILE *sqlite3_popen(const char *zCommand, const char *type);
+char *sqlite3_fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
+int sqlite3_fputs(const char *s, FILE *stream);
+int sqlite3_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...);
+void sqlite3_fsetmode(FILE *stream, int mode);
+#else
+/**** Definitions For All Other Platforms ****/
+#include <stdio.h>
+#define sqlite3_fopen     fopen
+#define sqlite3_popen     popen
+#define sqlite3_fgets     fgets
+#define sqlite3_fputs     fputs
+#define sqlite3_fprintf   fprintf
+#define sqlite3_fsetmode(F,X)   /*no-op*/
+#endif
+#endif /* _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_ */
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/sqlite3_stdio.h ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/sqlite3_stdio.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2024-09-24
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** Implementation of standard I/O interfaces for UTF-8 that are missing
+** on Windows.
+*/
+#ifdef _WIN32  /* This file is a no-op on all platforms except Windows */
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_
+/* #include "sqlite3_stdio.h" */
+#endif
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+/*
+** If the SQLITE_U8TEXT_ONLY option is defined, then use O_U8TEXT
+** when appropriate on all output.  (Sometimes use O_BINARY when
+** rendering ASCII text in cases where NL-to-CRLF expansion would
+** not be correct.)
+**
+** If the SQLITE_U8TEXT_STDIO option is defined, then use O_U8TEXT
+** when appropriate when writing to stdout or stderr.  Use O_BINARY
+** or O_TEXT (depending on things like the .mode and the .crlf setting
+** in the CLI, or other context clues in other applications) for all
+** other output channels.
+**
+** The default behavior, if neither of the above is defined is to
+** use O_U8TEXT when writing to the Windows console (or anything
+** else for which _isatty() returns true) and to use O_BINARY or O_TEXT
+** for all other output channels.
+**
+** The SQLITE_USE_W32_FOR_CONSOLE_IO macro is also available.  If
+** defined, it forces the use of Win32 APIs for all console I/O, both
+** input and output.  This is necessary for some non-Microsoft run-times
+** that implement stdio differently from Microsoft/Visual-Studio.
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_U8TEXT_ONLY)
+# define UseWtextForOutput(fd) 1
+# define UseWtextForInput(fd)  1
+# define IsConsole(fd)         _isatty(_fileno(fd))
+#elif defined(SQLITE_U8TEXT_STDIO)
+# define UseWtextForOutput(fd) ((fd)==stdout || (fd)==stderr)
+# define UseWtextForInput(fd)  ((fd)==stdin)
+# define IsConsole(fd)         _isatty(_fileno(fd))
+#else
+# define UseWtextForOutput(fd) _isatty(_fileno(fd))
+# define UseWtextForInput(fd)  _isatty(_fileno(fd))
+# define IsConsole(fd)         1
+#endif
+/*
+** Global variables determine if simulated O_BINARY mode is to be
+** used for stdout or other, respectively.  Simulated O_BINARY mode
+** means the mode is usually O_BINARY, but switches to O_U8TEXT for
+** unicode characters U+0080 or greater (any character that has a
+** multi-byte representation in UTF-8).  This is the only way we
+** have found to render Unicode characters on a Windows console while
+** at the same time avoiding undesirable \n to \r\n translation.
+*/
+static int simBinaryStdout = 0;
+static int simBinaryOther = 0;
+/*
+** Determine if simulated binary mode should be used for output to fd
+*/
+static int UseBinaryWText(FILE *fd){
+if( fd==stdout || fd==stderr ){
+return simBinaryStdout;
+}else{
+return simBinaryOther;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Work-alike for the fopen() routine from the standard C library.
+*/
+FILE *sqlite3_fopen(const char *zFilename, const char *zMode){
+FILE *fp = 0;
+wchar_t *b1, *b2;
+int sz1, sz2;
+sz1 = (int)strlen(zFilename);
+sz2 = (int)strlen(zMode);
+b1 = sqlite3_malloc( (sz1+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+b2 = sqlite3_malloc( (sz2+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+if( b1 && b2 ){
+sz1 = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zFilename, sz1, b1, sz1);
+b1[sz1] = 0;
+sz2 = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zMode, sz2, b2, sz2);
+b2[sz2] = 0;
+fp = _wfopen(b1, b2);
+}
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+sqlite3_free(b2);
+simBinaryOther = 0;
+return fp;
+}
+/*
+** Work-alike for the popen() routine from the standard C library.
+*/
+FILE *sqlite3_popen(const char *zCommand, const char *zMode){
+FILE *fp = 0;
+wchar_t *b1, *b2;
+int sz1, sz2;
+sz1 = (int)strlen(zCommand);
+sz2 = (int)strlen(zMode);
+b1 = sqlite3_malloc( (sz1+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+b2 = sqlite3_malloc( (sz2+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+if( b1 && b2 ){
+sz1 = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zCommand, sz1, b1, sz1);
+b1[sz1] = 0;
+sz2 = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zMode, sz2, b2, sz2);
+b2[sz2] = 0;
+fp = _wpopen(b1, b2);
+}
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+sqlite3_free(b2);
+return fp;
+}
+/*
+** Work-alike for fgets() from the standard C library.
+*/
+char *sqlite3_fgets(char *buf, int sz, FILE *in){
+if( UseWtextForInput(in) ){
+/* When reading from the command-prompt in Windows, it is necessary
+** to use _O_WTEXT input mode to read UTF-16 characters, then translate
+** that into UTF-8.  Otherwise, non-ASCII characters all get translated
+** into '?'.
+*/
+wchar_t *b1 = sqlite3_malloc( sz*sizeof(wchar_t) );
+if( b1==0 ) return 0;
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_W32_FOR_CONSOLE_IO
+DWORD nRead = 0;
+if( IsConsole(in)
+&& ReadConsoleW(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE), b1, sz-1, &nRead, 0)
+){
+b1[nRead] = 0;
+}else
+#endif
+{
+_setmode(_fileno(in), IsConsole(in) ? _O_WTEXT : _O_U8TEXT);
+if( fgetws(b1, sz/4, in)==0 ){
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return 0;
+}
+}
+WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, b1, -1, buf, sz, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return buf;
+}else{
+/* Reading from a file or other input source, just read bytes without
+** any translation. */
+return fgets(buf, sz, in);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Send ASCII text as O_BINARY.  But for Unicode characters U+0080 and
+** greater, switch to O_U8TEXT.
+*/
+static void piecemealOutput(wchar_t *b1, int sz, FILE *out){
+int i;
+wchar_t c;
+while( sz>0 ){
+for(i=0; i<sz && b1[i]>=0x80; i++){}
+if( i>0 ){
+c = b1[i];
+b1[i] = 0;
+fflush(out);
+_setmode(_fileno(out), _O_U8TEXT);
+fputws(b1, out);
+fflush(out);
+b1 += i;
+b1[0] = c;
+sz -= i;
+}else{
+fflush(out);
+_setmode(_fileno(out), _O_TEXT);
+_setmode(_fileno(out), _O_BINARY);
+fwrite(&b1[0], 1, 1, out);
+for(i=1; i<sz && b1[i]<0x80; i++){
+fwrite(&b1[i], 1, 1, out);
+}
+fflush(out);
+_setmode(_fileno(out), _O_U8TEXT);
+b1 += i;
+sz -= i;
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Work-alike for fputs() from the standard C library.
+*/
+int sqlite3_fputs(const char *z, FILE *out){
+if( !UseWtextForOutput(out) ){
+/* Writing to a file or other destination, just write bytes without
+** any translation. */
+return fputs(z, out);
+}else{
+/* One must use UTF16 in order to get unicode support when writing
+** to the console on Windows.
+*/
+int sz = (int)strlen(z);
+wchar_t *b1 = sqlite3_malloc( (sz+1)*sizeof(wchar_t) );
+if( b1==0 ) return 0;
+sz = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, z, sz, b1, sz);
+b1[sz] = 0;
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_W32_FOR_CONSOLE_IO
+DWORD nWr = 0;
+if( IsConsole(out)
+&& WriteConsoleW(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),b1,sz,&nWr,0)
+){
+/* If writing to the console, then the WriteConsoleW() is all we
+** need to do. */
+}else
+#endif
+{
+/* As long as SQLITE_USE_W32_FOR_CONSOLE_IO is not defined, or for
+** non-console I/O even if that macro is defined, write using the
+** standard library. */
+_setmode(_fileno(out), _O_U8TEXT);
+if( UseBinaryWText(out) ){
+piecemealOutput(b1, sz, out);
+}else{
+fputws(b1, out);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return 0;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Work-alike for fprintf() from the standard C library.
+*/
+int sqlite3_fprintf(FILE *out, const char *zFormat, ...){
+int rc;
+if( UseWtextForOutput(out) ){
+/* When writing to the command-prompt in Windows, it is necessary
+** to use _O_WTEXT input mode and write UTF-16 characters.
+*/
+char *z;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+sqlite3_fputs(z, out);
+rc = (int)strlen(z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}else{
+/* Writing to a file or other destination, just write bytes without
+** any translation. */
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+rc = vfprintf(out, zFormat, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Set the mode for an output stream.  mode argument is typically _O_BINARY or
+** _O_TEXT.
+*/
+void sqlite3_fsetmode(FILE *fp, int mode){
+if( !UseWtextForOutput(fp) ){
+fflush(fp);
+_setmode(_fileno(fp), mode);
+}else if( fp==stdout || fp==stderr ){
+simBinaryStdout = (mode==_O_BINARY);
+}else{
+simBinaryOther = (mode==_O_BINARY);
+}
+}
+#endif /* defined(_WIN32) */
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/sqlite3_stdio.c ********************/
+/* Use console I/O package as a direct INCLUDE. */
+#define SQLITE_INTERNAL_LINKAGE static
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* Deselect most features from the console I/O package for Fiddle. */
+# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_REDIRECT
+# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_CLASSIFY
+# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_TRANSLATE
+# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_SETMODE
+# define SQLITE_CIO_NO_FLUSH
+#endif
+#define eputz(z) sqlite3_fputs(z,stderr)
+#define sputz(fp,z) sqlite3_fputs(z,fp)
+/* True if the timer is enabled */
+static int enableTimer = 0;
+/* A version of strcmp() that works with NULL values */
+static int cli_strcmp(const char *a, const char *b){
+if( a==0 ) a = "";
+if( b==0 ) b = "";
+return strcmp(a,b);
+}
+static int cli_strncmp(const char *a, const char *b, size_t n){
+if( a==0 ) a = "";
+if( b==0 ) b = "";
+return strncmp(a,b,n);
+}
+/* Return the current wall-clock time in microseconds since the
+** Unix epoch (1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)
+*/
+static sqlite3_int64 timeOfDay(void){
+#if defined(_WIN64)
+sqlite3_uint64 t;
+FILETIME tm;
+GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(&tm);
+t =  ((u64)tm.dwHighDateTime<<32) | (u64)tm.dwLowDateTime;
+t += 116444736000000000LL;
+t /= 10;
+return t;
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+static sqlite3_vfs *clockVfs = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 t;
+if( clockVfs==0 ) clockVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(0);
+if( clockVfs==0 ) return 0;  /* Never actually happens */
+if( clockVfs->iVersion>=2 && clockVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64!=0 ){
+clockVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64(clockVfs, &t);
+}else{
+double r;
+clockVfs->xCurrentTime(clockVfs, &r);
+t = (sqlite3_int64)(r*86400000.0);
+}
+return t*1000;
+#else
+struct timeval sNow;
+(void)gettimeofday(&sNow,0);
+return ((i64)sNow.tv_sec)*1000000 + sNow.tv_usec;
+#endif
+}
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__minux)
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+/* VxWorks does not support getrusage() as far as we can determine */
+#if defined(_WRS_KERNEL) || defined(__RTP__)
+struct rusage {
+struct timeval ru_utime; /* user CPU time used */
+struct timeval ru_stime; /* system CPU time used */
+};
+#define getrusage(A,B) memset(B,0,sizeof(*B))
+#endif
+/* Saved resource information for the beginning of an operation */
+static struct rusage sBegin;  /* CPU time at start */
+static sqlite3_int64 iBegin;  /* Wall-clock time at start */
+/*
+** Begin timing an operation
+*/
+static void beginTimer(void){
+if( enableTimer ){
+getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &sBegin);
+iBegin = timeOfDay();
+}
+}
+/* Return the difference of two time_structs in seconds */
+static double timeDiff(struct timeval *pStart, struct timeval *pEnd){
+return (pEnd->tv_usec - pStart->tv_usec)*0.000001 +
+(double)(pEnd->tv_sec - pStart->tv_sec);
+}
+/*
+** Print the timing results.
+*/
+static void endTimer(FILE *out){
+if( enableTimer ){
+sqlite3_int64 iEnd = timeOfDay();
+struct rusage sEnd;
+getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &sEnd);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "Run Time: real %.6f user %.6f sys %.6f\n",
+(iEnd - iBegin)*0.000001,
+timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_utime, &sEnd.ru_utime),
+timeDiff(&sBegin.ru_stime, &sEnd.ru_stime));
+}
+}
+#define BEGIN_TIMER beginTimer()
+#define END_TIMER(X) endTimer(X)
+#define HAS_TIMER 1
+#elif (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32))
+/* Saved resource information for the beginning of an operation */
+static HANDLE hProcess;
+static FILETIME ftKernelBegin;
+static FILETIME ftUserBegin;
+static sqlite3_int64 ftWallBegin;
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *GETPROCTIMES)(HANDLE, LPFILETIME, LPFILETIME,
+LPFILETIME, LPFILETIME);
+static GETPROCTIMES getProcessTimesAddr = NULL;
+/*
+** Check to see if we have timer support.  Return 1 if necessary
+** support found (or found previously).
+*/
+static int hasTimer(void){
+if( getProcessTimesAddr ){
+return 1;
+} else {
+#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+/* GetProcessTimes() isn't supported in WIN95 and some other Windows
+** versions. See if the version we are running on has it, and if it
+** does, save off a pointer to it and the current process handle.
+*/
+hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
+if( hProcess ){
+HINSTANCE hinstLib = LoadLibrary(TEXT("Kernel32.dll"));
+if( NULL != hinstLib ){
+getProcessTimesAddr =
+(GETPROCTIMES) GetProcAddress(hinstLib, "GetProcessTimes");
+if( NULL != getProcessTimesAddr ){
+return 1;
+}
+FreeLibrary(hinstLib);
+}
+}
+#endif
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Begin timing an operation
+*/
+static void beginTimer(void){
+if( enableTimer && getProcessTimesAddr ){
+FILETIME ftCreation, ftExit;
+getProcessTimesAddr(hProcess,&ftCreation,&ftExit,
+&ftKernelBegin,&ftUserBegin);
+ftWallBegin = timeOfDay();
+}
+}
+/* Return the difference of two FILETIME structs in seconds */
+static double timeDiff(FILETIME *pStart, FILETIME *pEnd){
+sqlite_int64 i64Start = *((sqlite_int64 *) pStart);
+sqlite_int64 i64End = *((sqlite_int64 *) pEnd);
+return (double) ((i64End - i64Start) / 10000000.0);
+}
+/*
+** Print the timing results.
+*/
+static void endTimer(FILE *out){
+if( enableTimer && getProcessTimesAddr){
+FILETIME ftCreation, ftExit, ftKernelEnd, ftUserEnd;
+sqlite3_int64 ftWallEnd = timeOfDay();
+getProcessTimesAddr(hProcess,&ftCreation,&ftExit,&ftKernelEnd,&ftUserEnd);
+#ifdef _WIN64
+/* microsecond precision on 64-bit windows */
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "Run Time: real %.6f user %f sys %f\n",
+(ftWallEnd - ftWallBegin)*0.000001,
+timeDiff(&ftUserBegin, &ftUserEnd),
+timeDiff(&ftKernelBegin, &ftKernelEnd));
+#else
+/* millisecond precisino on 32-bit windows */
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "Run Time: real %.3f user %.3f sys %.3f\n",
+(ftWallEnd - ftWallBegin)*0.000001,
+timeDiff(&ftUserBegin, &ftUserEnd),
+timeDiff(&ftKernelBegin, &ftKernelEnd));
+#endif
+}
+}
+#define BEGIN_TIMER beginTimer()
+#define END_TIMER(X) endTimer(X)
+#define HAS_TIMER hasTimer()
+#else
+#define BEGIN_TIMER
+#define END_TIMER(X)  /*no-op*/
+#define HAS_TIMER 0
+#endif
+/*
+** Used to prevent warnings about unused parameters
+*/
+#define UNUSED_PARAMETER(x) (void)(x)
+/*
+** Number of elements in an array
+*/
+#define ArraySize(X)  (int)(sizeof(X)/sizeof(X[0]))
+/*
+** If the following flag is set, then command execution stops
+** at an error if we are not interactive.
+*/
+static int bail_on_error = 0;
+/*
+** Treat stdin as an interactive input if the following variable
+** is true.  Otherwise, assume stdin is connected to a file or pipe.
+*/
+static int stdin_is_interactive = 1;
+/*
+** On Windows systems we need to know if standard output is a console
+** in order to show that UTF-16 translation is done in the sign-on
+** banner. The following variable is true if it is the console.
+*/
+static int stdout_is_console = 1;
+/*
+** The following is the open SQLite database.  We make a pointer
+** to this database a static variable so that it can be accessed
+** by the SIGINT handler to interrupt database processing.
+*/
+static sqlite3 *globalDb = 0;
+/*
+** True if an interrupt (Control-C) has been received.
+*/
+static volatile int seenInterrupt = 0;
+/*
+** This is the name of our program. It is set in main(), used
+** in a number of other places, mostly for error messages.
+*/
+static char *Argv0;
+/*
+** Prompt strings. Initialized in main. Settable with
+**   .prompt main continue
+*/
+#define PROMPT_LEN_MAX 128
+/* First line prompt.   default: "sqlite> " */
+static char mainPrompt[PROMPT_LEN_MAX];
+/* Continuation prompt. default: "   ...> " */
+static char continuePrompt[PROMPT_LEN_MAX];
+/* This is variant of the standard-library strncpy() routine with the
+** one change that the destination string is always zero-terminated, even
+** if there is no zero-terminator in the first n-1 characters of the source
+** string.
+*/
+static char *shell_strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n){
+size_t i;
+for(i=0; i<n-1 && src[i]!=0; i++) dest[i] = src[i];
+dest[i] = 0;
+return dest;
+}
+/*
+** strcpy() workalike to squelch an unwarranted link-time warning
+** from OpenBSD.
+*/
+static void shell_strcpy(char *dest, const char *src){
+while( (*(dest++) = *(src++))!=0 ){}
+}
+/*
+** Optionally disable dynamic continuation prompt.
+** Unless disabled, the continuation prompt shows open SQL lexemes if any,
+** or open parentheses level if non-zero, or continuation prompt as set.
+** This facility interacts with the scanner and process_input() where the
+** below 5 macros are used.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_DYNAPROMPT
+# define CONTINUATION_PROMPT continuePrompt
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITS(p,s)
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITC(p,c)
+# define CONTINUE_PAREN_INCR(p,n)
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_PSTATE 0
+typedef void *t_NoDynaPrompt;
+# define SCAN_TRACKER_REFTYPE t_NoDynaPrompt
+#else
+# define CONTINUATION_PROMPT dynamicContinuePrompt()
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET \
+do {setLexemeOpen(&dynPrompt,0,0); trackParenLevel(&dynPrompt,0);} while(0)
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITS(p,s) \
+if(p && stdin_is_interactive) setLexemeOpen(p, s, 0)
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITC(p,c) \
+if(p && stdin_is_interactive) setLexemeOpen(p, 0, c)
+# define CONTINUE_PAREN_INCR(p,n) \
+if(p && stdin_is_interactive) (trackParenLevel(p,n))
+# define CONTINUE_PROMPT_PSTATE (&dynPrompt)
+typedef struct DynaPrompt *t_DynaPromptRef;
+# define SCAN_TRACKER_REFTYPE t_DynaPromptRef
+static struct DynaPrompt {
+char dynamicPrompt[PROMPT_LEN_MAX];
+char acAwait[2];
+int inParenLevel;
+char *zScannerAwaits;
+} dynPrompt = { {0}, {0}, 0, 0 };
+/* Record parenthesis nesting level change, or force level to 0. */
+static void trackParenLevel(struct DynaPrompt *p, int ni){
+p->inParenLevel += ni;
+if( ni==0 ) p->inParenLevel = 0;
+p->zScannerAwaits = 0;
+}
+/* Record that a lexeme is opened, or closed with args==0. */
+static void setLexemeOpen(struct DynaPrompt *p, char *s, char c){
+if( s!=0 || c==0 ){
+p->zScannerAwaits = s;
+p->acAwait[0] = 0;
+}else{
+p->acAwait[0] = c;
+p->zScannerAwaits = p->acAwait;
+}
+}
+/* Upon demand, derive the continuation prompt to display. */
+static char *dynamicContinuePrompt(void){
+if( continuePrompt[0]==0
+|| (dynPrompt.zScannerAwaits==0 && dynPrompt.inParenLevel == 0) ){
+return continuePrompt;
+}else{
+if( dynPrompt.zScannerAwaits ){
+size_t ncp = strlen(continuePrompt);
+size_t ndp = strlen(dynPrompt.zScannerAwaits);
+if( ndp > ncp-3 ) return continuePrompt;
+shell_strcpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, dynPrompt.zScannerAwaits);
+while( ndp<3 ) dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt[ndp++] = ' ';
+shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt+3, continuePrompt+3,
+PROMPT_LEN_MAX-4);
+}else{
+if( dynPrompt.inParenLevel>9 ){
+shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, "(..", 4);
+}else if( dynPrompt.inParenLevel<0 ){
+shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, ")x!", 4);
+}else{
+shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt, "(x.", 4);
+dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt[2] = (char)('0'+dynPrompt.inParenLevel);
+}
+shell_strncpy(dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt+3, continuePrompt+3,
+PROMPT_LEN_MAX-4);
+}
+}
+return dynPrompt.dynamicPrompt;
+}
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DYNAPROMPT) */
+/* Indicate out-of-memory and exit. */
+static void shell_out_of_memory(void){
+eputz("Error: out of memory\n");
+exit(1);
+}
+/* Check a pointer to see if it is NULL.  If it is NULL, exit with an
+** out-of-memory error.
+*/
+static void shell_check_oom(const void *p){
+if( p==0 ) shell_out_of_memory();
+}
+/*
+** Write I/O traces to the following stream.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
+static FILE *iotrace = 0;
+#endif
+/*
+** This routine works like printf in that its first argument is a
+** format string and subsequent arguments are values to be substituted
+** in place of % fields.  The result of formatting this string
+** is written to iotrace.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
+static void SQLITE_CDECL iotracePrintf(const char *zFormat, ...){
+va_list ap;
+char *z;
+if( iotrace==0 ) return;
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+sqlite3_fprintf(iotrace, "%s", z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+#endif
+/* Lookup table to estimate the number of columns consumed by a Unicode
+** character.
+*/
+static const struct {
+unsigned char w;    /* Width of the character in columns */
+int iFirst;         /* First character in a span having this width */
+} aUWidth[] = {
+/* {1, 0x00000}, */
+{0, 0x00300},  {1, 0x00370},  {0, 0x00483},  {1, 0x00487},  {0, 0x00488},
+{1, 0x0048a},  {0, 0x00591},  {1, 0x005be},  {0, 0x005bf},  {1, 0x005c0},
+{0, 0x005c1},  {1, 0x005c3},  {0, 0x005c4},  {1, 0x005c6},  {0, 0x005c7},
+{1, 0x005c8},  {0, 0x00600},  {1, 0x00604},  {0, 0x00610},  {1, 0x00616},
+{0, 0x0064b},  {1, 0x0065f},  {0, 0x00670},  {1, 0x00671},  {0, 0x006d6},
+{1, 0x006e5},  {0, 0x006e7},  {1, 0x006e9},  {0, 0x006ea},  {1, 0x006ee},
+{0, 0x0070f},  {1, 0x00710},  {0, 0x00711},  {1, 0x00712},  {0, 0x00730},
+{1, 0x0074b},  {0, 0x007a6},  {1, 0x007b1},  {0, 0x007eb},  {1, 0x007f4},
+{0, 0x00901},  {1, 0x00903},  {0, 0x0093c},  {1, 0x0093d},  {0, 0x00941},
+{1, 0x00949},  {0, 0x0094d},  {1, 0x0094e},  {0, 0x00951},  {1, 0x00955},
+{0, 0x00962},  {1, 0x00964},  {0, 0x00981},  {1, 0x00982},  {0, 0x009bc},
+{1, 0x009bd},  {0, 0x009c1},  {1, 0x009c5},  {0, 0x009cd},  {1, 0x009ce},
+{0, 0x009e2},  {1, 0x009e4},  {0, 0x00a01},  {1, 0x00a03},  {0, 0x00a3c},
+{1, 0x00a3d},  {0, 0x00a41},  {1, 0x00a43},  {0, 0x00a47},  {1, 0x00a49},
+{0, 0x00a4b},  {1, 0x00a4e},  {0, 0x00a70},  {1, 0x00a72},  {0, 0x00a81},
+{1, 0x00a83},  {0, 0x00abc},  {1, 0x00abd},  {0, 0x00ac1},  {1, 0x00ac6},
+{0, 0x00ac7},  {1, 0x00ac9},  {0, 0x00acd},  {1, 0x00ace},  {0, 0x00ae2},
+{1, 0x00ae4},  {0, 0x00b01},  {1, 0x00b02},  {0, 0x00b3c},  {1, 0x00b3d},
+{0, 0x00b3f},  {1, 0x00b40},  {0, 0x00b41},  {1, 0x00b44},  {0, 0x00b4d},
+{1, 0x00b4e},  {0, 0x00b56},  {1, 0x00b57},  {0, 0x00b82},  {1, 0x00b83},
+{0, 0x00bc0},  {1, 0x00bc1},  {0, 0x00bcd},  {1, 0x00bce},  {0, 0x00c3e},
+{1, 0x00c41},  {0, 0x00c46},  {1, 0x00c49},  {0, 0x00c4a},  {1, 0x00c4e},
+{0, 0x00c55},  {1, 0x00c57},  {0, 0x00cbc},  {1, 0x00cbd},  {0, 0x00cbf},
+{1, 0x00cc0},  {0, 0x00cc6},  {1, 0x00cc7},  {0, 0x00ccc},  {1, 0x00cce},
+{0, 0x00ce2},  {1, 0x00ce4},  {0, 0x00d41},  {1, 0x00d44},  {0, 0x00d4d},
+{1, 0x00d4e},  {0, 0x00dca},  {1, 0x00dcb},  {0, 0x00dd2},  {1, 0x00dd5},
+{0, 0x00dd6},  {1, 0x00dd7},  {0, 0x00e31},  {1, 0x00e32},  {0, 0x00e34},
+{1, 0x00e3b},  {0, 0x00e47},  {1, 0x00e4f},  {0, 0x00eb1},  {1, 0x00eb2},
+{0, 0x00eb4},  {1, 0x00eba},  {0, 0x00ebb},  {1, 0x00ebd},  {0, 0x00ec8},
+{1, 0x00ece},  {0, 0x00f18},  {1, 0x00f1a},  {0, 0x00f35},  {1, 0x00f36},
+{0, 0x00f37},  {1, 0x00f38},  {0, 0x00f39},  {1, 0x00f3a},  {0, 0x00f71},
+{1, 0x00f7f},  {0, 0x00f80},  {1, 0x00f85},  {0, 0x00f86},  {1, 0x00f88},
+{0, 0x00f90},  {1, 0x00f98},  {0, 0x00f99},  {1, 0x00fbd},  {0, 0x00fc6},
+{1, 0x00fc7},  {0, 0x0102d},  {1, 0x01031},  {0, 0x01032},  {1, 0x01033},
+{0, 0x01036},  {1, 0x01038},  {0, 0x01039},  {1, 0x0103a},  {0, 0x01058},
+{1, 0x0105a},  {2, 0x01100},  {0, 0x01160},  {1, 0x01200},  {0, 0x0135f},
+{1, 0x01360},  {0, 0x01712},  {1, 0x01715},  {0, 0x01732},  {1, 0x01735},
+{0, 0x01752},  {1, 0x01754},  {0, 0x01772},  {1, 0x01774},  {0, 0x017b4},
+{1, 0x017b6},  {0, 0x017b7},  {1, 0x017be},  {0, 0x017c6},  {1, 0x017c7},
+{0, 0x017c9},  {1, 0x017d4},  {0, 0x017dd},  {1, 0x017de},  {0, 0x0180b},
+{1, 0x0180e},  {0, 0x018a9},  {1, 0x018aa},  {0, 0x01920},  {1, 0x01923},
+{0, 0x01927},  {1, 0x01929},  {0, 0x01932},  {1, 0x01933},  {0, 0x01939},
+{1, 0x0193c},  {0, 0x01a17},  {1, 0x01a19},  {0, 0x01b00},  {1, 0x01b04},
+{0, 0x01b34},  {1, 0x01b35},  {0, 0x01b36},  {1, 0x01b3b},  {0, 0x01b3c},
+{1, 0x01b3d},  {0, 0x01b42},  {1, 0x01b43},  {0, 0x01b6b},  {1, 0x01b74},
+{0, 0x01dc0},  {1, 0x01dcb},  {0, 0x01dfe},  {1, 0x01e00},  {0, 0x0200b},
+{1, 0x02010},  {0, 0x0202a},  {1, 0x0202f},  {0, 0x02060},  {1, 0x02064},
+{0, 0x0206a},  {1, 0x02070},  {0, 0x020d0},  {1, 0x020f0},  {2, 0x02329},
+{1, 0x0232b},  {2, 0x02e80},  {0, 0x0302a},  {2, 0x03030},  {1, 0x0303f},
+{2, 0x03040},  {0, 0x03099},  {2, 0x0309b},  {1, 0x0a4d0},  {0, 0x0a806},
+{1, 0x0a807},  {0, 0x0a80b},  {1, 0x0a80c},  {0, 0x0a825},  {1, 0x0a827},
+{2, 0x0ac00},  {1, 0x0d7a4},  {2, 0x0f900},  {1, 0x0fb00},  {0, 0x0fb1e},
+{1, 0x0fb1f},  {0, 0x0fe00},  {2, 0x0fe10},  {1, 0x0fe1a},  {0, 0x0fe20},
+{1, 0x0fe24},  {2, 0x0fe30},  {1, 0x0fe70},  {0, 0x0feff},  {2, 0x0ff00},
+{1, 0x0ff61},  {2, 0x0ffe0},  {1, 0x0ffe7},  {0, 0x0fff9},  {1, 0x0fffc},
+{0, 0x10a01},  {1, 0x10a04},  {0, 0x10a05},  {1, 0x10a07},  {0, 0x10a0c},
+{1, 0x10a10},  {0, 0x10a38},  {1, 0x10a3b},  {0, 0x10a3f},  {1, 0x10a40},
+{0, 0x1d167},  {1, 0x1d16a},  {0, 0x1d173},  {1, 0x1d183},  {0, 0x1d185},
+{1, 0x1d18c},  {0, 0x1d1aa},  {1, 0x1d1ae},  {0, 0x1d242},  {1, 0x1d245},
+{2, 0x20000},  {1, 0x2fffe},  {2, 0x30000},  {1, 0x3fffe},  {0, 0xe0001},
+{1, 0xe0002},  {0, 0xe0020},  {1, 0xe0080},  {0, 0xe0100},  {1, 0xe01f0}
+};
+/*
+** Return an estimate of the width, in columns, for the single Unicode
+** character c.  For normal characters, the answer is always 1.  But the
+** estimate might be 0 or 2 for zero-width and double-width characters.
+**
+** Different display devices display unicode using different widths.  So
+** it is impossible to know that true display width with 100% accuracy.
+** Inaccuracies in the width estimates might cause columns to be misaligned.
+** Unfortunately, there is nothing we can do about that.
+*/
+int cli_wcwidth(int c){
+int iFirst, iLast;
+/* Fast path for common characters */
+if( c<=0x300 ) return 1;
+/* The general case */
+iFirst = 0;
+iLast = sizeof(aUWidth)/sizeof(aUWidth[0]) - 1;
+while( iFirst<iLast-1 ){
+int iMid = (iFirst+iLast)/2;
+int cMid = aUWidth[iMid].iFirst;
+if( cMid < c ){
+iFirst = iMid;
+}else if( cMid > c ){
+iLast = iMid - 1;
+}else{
+return aUWidth[iMid].w;
+}
+}
+if( aUWidth[iLast].iFirst > c ) return aUWidth[iFirst].w;
+return aUWidth[iLast].w;
+}
+/*
+** Compute the value and length of a multi-byte UTF-8 character that
+** begins at z[0].   Return the length.  Write the Unicode value into *pU.
+**
+** This routine only works for *multi-byte* UTF-8 characters.
+*/
+static int decodeUtf8(const unsigned char *z, int *pU){
+if( (z[0] & 0xe0)==0xc0 && (z[1] & 0xc0)==0x80 ){
+*pU = ((z[0] & 0x1f)<<6) | (z[1] & 0x3f);
+return 2;
+}
+if( (z[0] & 0xf0)==0xe0 && (z[1] & 0xc0)==0x80 && (z[2] & 0xc0)==0x80 ){
+*pU = ((z[0] & 0x0f)<<12) | ((z[1] & 0x3f)<<6) | (z[2] & 0x3f);
+return 3;
+}
+if( (z[0] & 0xf8)==0xf0 && (z[1] & 0xc0)==0x80 && (z[2] & 0xc0)==0x80
+&& (z[3] & 0xc0)==0x80
+){
+*pU = ((z[0] & 0x0f)<<18) | ((z[1] & 0x3f)<<12) | ((z[2] & 0x3f))<<6
+| (z[3] & 0x3f);
+return 4;
+}
+*pU = 0;
+return 1;
+}
+#if 0 /* NOT USED */
+/*
+** Return the width, in display columns, of a UTF-8 string.
+**
+** Each normal character counts as 1.  Zero-width characters count
+** as zero, and double-width characters count as 2.
+*/
+int cli_wcswidth(const char *z){
+const unsigned char *a = (const unsigned char*)z;
+int n = 0;
+int i = 0;
+unsigned char c;
+while( (c = a[i])!=0 ){
+if( c>=0xc0 ){
+int u;
+int len = decodeUtf8(&a[i], &u);
+i += len;
+n += cli_wcwidth(u);
+}else if( c>=' ' ){
+n++;
+i++;
+}else{
+i++;
+}
+}
+return n;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Check to see if z[] is a valid VT100 escape.  If it is, then
+** return the number of bytes in the escape sequence.  Return 0 if
+** z[] is not a VT100 escape.
+**
+** This routine assumes that z[0] is \033 (ESC).
+*/
+static int isVt100(const unsigned char *z){
+int i;
+if( z[1]!='[' ) return 0;
+i = 2;
+while( z[i]>=0x30 && z[i]<=0x3f ){ i++; }
+while( z[i]>=0x20 && z[i]<=0x2f ){ i++; }
+if( z[i]<0x40 || z[i]>0x7e ) return 0;
+return i+1;
+}
+/*
+** Output string zUtf to stdout as w characters.  If w is negative,
+** then right-justify the text.  W is the width in UTF-8 characters, not
+** in bytes.  This is different from the %*.*s specification in printf
+** since with %*.*s the width is measured in bytes, not characters.
+**
+** Take into account zero-width and double-width Unicode characters.
+** In other words, a zero-width character does not count toward the
+** the w limit.  A double-width character counts as two.
+**
+** w should normally be a small number.  A couple hundred at most.  This
+** routine caps w at 100 million to avoid integer overflow issues.
+*/
+static void utf8_width_print(FILE *out, int w, const char *zUtf){
+const unsigned char *a = (const unsigned char*)zUtf;
+static const int mxW = 10000000;
+unsigned char c;
+int i = 0;
+int n = 0;
+int k;
+int aw;
+if( w<-mxW ){
+w = -mxW;
+}else if( w>mxW ){
+w= mxW;
+}
+aw = w<0 ? -w : w;
+if( zUtf==0 ) zUtf = "";
+while( (c = a[i])!=0 ){
+if( (c&0xc0)==0xc0 ){
+int u;
+int len = decodeUtf8(a+i, &u);
+int x = cli_wcwidth(u);
+if( x+n>aw ){
+break;
+}
+i += len;
+n += x;
+}else if( c==0x1b && (k = isVt100(&a[i]))>0 ){
+i += k;
+}else if( n>=aw ){
+break;
+}else{
+n++;
+i++;
+}
+}
+if( n>=aw ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", i, zUtf);
+}else if( w<0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%*s%s", aw-n, "", zUtf);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s%*s", zUtf, aw-n, "");
+}
+}
+/*
+** Determines if a string is a number of not.
+*/
+static int isNumber(const char *z, int *realnum){
+if( *z=='-' || *z=='+' ) z++;
+if( !IsDigit(*z) ){
+return 0;
+}
+z++;
+if( realnum ) *realnum = 0;
+while( IsDigit(*z) ){ z++; }
+if( *z=='.' ){
+z++;
+if( !IsDigit(*z) ) return 0;
+while( IsDigit(*z) ){ z++; }
+if( realnum ) *realnum = 1;
+}
+if( *z=='e' || *z=='E' ){
+z++;
+if( *z=='+' || *z=='-' ) z++;
+if( !IsDigit(*z) ) return 0;
+while( IsDigit(*z) ){ z++; }
+if( realnum ) *realnum = 1;
+}
+return *z==0;
+}
+/*
+** Compute a string length that is limited to what can be stored in
+** lower 30 bits of a 32-bit signed integer.
+*/
+static int strlen30(const char *z){
+const char *z2 = z;
+while( *z2 ){ z2++; }
+return 0x3fffffff & (int)(z2 - z);
+}
+/*
+** Return the length of a string in characters.  Multibyte UTF8 characters
+** count as a single character for single-width characters, or as two
+** characters for double-width characters.
+*/
+static int strlenChar(const char *z){
+int n = 0;
+while( *z ){
+if( (0x80&z[0])==0 ){
+n++;
+z++;
+}else{
+int u = 0;
+int len = decodeUtf8((const u8*)z, &u);
+z += len;
+n += cli_wcwidth(u);
+}
+}
+return n;
+}
+/*
+** Return open FILE * if zFile exists, can be opened for read
+** and is an ordinary file or a character stream source.
+** Otherwise return 0.
+*/
+static FILE * openChrSource(const char *zFile){
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+struct __stat64 x = {0};
+# define STAT_CHR_SRC(mode) ((mode & (_S_IFCHR|_S_IFIFO|_S_IFREG))!=0)
+/* On Windows, open first, then check the stream nature. This order
+** is necessary because _stat() and sibs, when checking a named pipe,
+** effectively break the pipe as its supplier sees it. */
+FILE *rv = sqlite3_fopen(zFile, "rb");
+if( rv==0 ) return 0;
+if( _fstat64(_fileno(rv), &x) != 0
+|| !STAT_CHR_SRC(x.st_mode)){
+fclose(rv);
+rv = 0;
+}
+return rv;
+#else
+struct stat x = {0};
+int rc = stat(zFile, &x);
+# define STAT_CHR_SRC(mode) (S_ISREG(mode)||S_ISFIFO(mode)||S_ISCHR(mode))
+if( rc!=0 ) return 0;
+if( STAT_CHR_SRC(x.st_mode) ){
+return sqlite3_fopen(zFile, "rb");
+}else{
+return 0;
+}
+#endif
+#undef STAT_CHR_SRC
+}
+/*
+** This routine reads a line of text from FILE in, stores
+** the text in memory obtained from malloc() and returns a pointer
+** to the text.  NULL is returned at end of file, or if malloc()
+** fails, or if the length of the line is longer than about a gigabyte.
+**
+** If zLine is not NULL then it is a malloced buffer returned from
+** a previous call to this routine that may be reused.
+*/
+static char *local_getline(char *zLine, FILE *in){
+int nLine = zLine==0 ? 0 : 100;
+int n = 0;
+while( 1 ){
+if( n+100>nLine ){
+if( nLine>=1073741773 ){
+free(zLine);
+return 0;
+}
+nLine = nLine*2 + 100;
+zLine = realloc(zLine, nLine);
+shell_check_oom(zLine);
+}
+if( sqlite3_fgets(&zLine[n], nLine - n, in)==0 ){
+if( n==0 ){
+free(zLine);
+return 0;
+}
+zLine[n] = 0;
+break;
+}
+while( zLine[n] ) n++;
+if( n>0 && zLine[n-1]=='\n' ){
+n--;
+if( n>0 && zLine[n-1]=='\r' ) n--;
+zLine[n] = 0;
+break;
+}
+}
+return zLine;
+}
+/*
+** Retrieve a single line of input text.
+**
+** If in==0 then read from standard input and prompt before each line.
+** If isContinuation is true, then a continuation prompt is appropriate.
+** If isContinuation is zero, then the main prompt should be used.
+**
+** If zPrior is not NULL then it is a buffer from a prior call to this
+** routine that can be reused.
+**
+** The result is stored in space obtained from malloc() and must either
+** be freed by the caller or else passed back into this routine via the
+** zPrior argument for reuse.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+static char *one_input_line(FILE *in, char *zPrior, int isContinuation){
+char *zPrompt;
+char *zResult;
+if( in!=0 ){
+zResult = local_getline(zPrior, in);
+}else{
+zPrompt = isContinuation ? CONTINUATION_PROMPT : mainPrompt;
+#if SHELL_USE_LOCAL_GETLINE
+sputz(stdout, zPrompt);
+fflush(stdout);
+do{
+zResult = local_getline(zPrior, stdin);
+zPrior = 0;
+/* ^C trap creates a false EOF, so let "interrupt" thread catch up. */
+if( zResult==0 ) sqlite3_sleep(50);
+}while( zResult==0 && seenInterrupt>0 );
+#else
+free(zPrior);
+zResult = shell_readline(zPrompt);
+while( zResult==0 ){
+/* ^C trap creates a false EOF, so let "interrupt" thread catch up. */
+sqlite3_sleep(50);
+if( seenInterrupt==0 ) break;
+zResult = shell_readline("");
+}
+if( zResult && *zResult ) shell_add_history(zResult);
+#endif
+}
+return zResult;
+}
+#endif /* !SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE */
+/*
+** Return the value of a hexadecimal digit.  Return -1 if the input
+** is not a hex digit.
+*/
+static int hexDigitValue(char c){
+if( c>='0' && c<='9' ) return c - '0';
+if( c>='a' && c<='f' ) return c - 'a' + 10;
+if( c>='A' && c<='F' ) return c - 'A' + 10;
+return -1;
+}
+/*
+** Interpret zArg as an integer value, possibly with suffixes.
+**
+** If the value specified by zArg is outside the range of values that
+** can be represented using a 64-bit twos-complement integer, then return
+** the nearest representable value.
+*/
+static sqlite3_int64 integerValue(const char *zArg){
+sqlite3_uint64 v = 0;
+static const struct { char *zSuffix; unsigned int iMult; } aMult[] = {
+{ "KiB", 1024 },
+{ "MiB", 1024*1024 },
+{ "GiB", 1024*1024*1024 },
+{ "KB",  1000 },
+{ "MB",  1000000 },
+{ "GB",  1000000000 },
+{ "K",   1000 },
+{ "M",   1000000 },
+{ "G",   1000000000 },
+};
+int i;
+int isNeg = 0;
+if( zArg[0]=='-' ){
+isNeg = 1;
+zArg++;
+}else if( zArg[0]=='+' ){
+zArg++;
+}
+if( zArg[0]=='0' && zArg[1]=='x' ){
+int x;
+zArg += 2;
+while( (x = hexDigitValue(zArg[0]))>=0 ){
+if( v > 0x0fffffffffffffffULL ) goto integer_overflow;
+v = (v<<4) + x;
+zArg++;
+}
+}else{
+while( IsDigit(zArg[0]) ){
+if( v>=922337203685477580LL ){
+if( v>922337203685477580LL || zArg[0]>='8' ) goto integer_overflow;
+}
+v = v*10 + (zArg[0] - '0');
+zArg++;
+}
+}
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aMult); i++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(aMult[i].zSuffix, zArg)==0 ){
+if( 0x7fffffffffffffffULL/aMult[i].iMult < v ) goto integer_overflow;
+v *= aMult[i].iMult;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( isNeg && v>0x7fffffffffffffffULL ) goto integer_overflow;
+return isNeg? -(sqlite3_int64)v : (sqlite3_int64)v;
+integer_overflow:
+return isNeg ? (i64)0x8000000000000000LL : 0x7fffffffffffffffLL;
+}
+/*
+** A variable length string to which one can append text.
+*/
+typedef struct ShellText ShellText;
+struct ShellText {
+char *zTxt;       /* The text */
+i64 n;            /* Number of bytes of zTxt[] actually used */
+i64 nAlloc;       /* Number of bytes allocated for zTxt[] */
+};
+/*
+** Initialize and destroy a ShellText object
+*/
+static void initText(ShellText *p){
+memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+}
+static void freeText(ShellText *p){
+sqlite3_free(p->zTxt);
+initText(p);
+}
+/* zIn is either a pointer to a NULL-terminated string in memory obtained
+** from malloc(), or a NULL pointer. The string pointed to by zAppend is
+** added to zIn, and the result returned in memory obtained from malloc().
+** zIn, if it was not NULL, is freed.
+**
+** If the third argument, quote, is not '\0', then it is used as a
+** quote character for zAppend.
+*/
+static void appendText(ShellText *p, const char *zAppend, char quote){
+i64 len;
+i64 i;
+i64 nAppend = strlen30(zAppend);
+len = nAppend+p->n+1;
+if( quote ){
+len += 2;
+for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
+if( zAppend[i]==quote ) len++;
+}
+}
+if( p->zTxt==0 || p->n+len>=p->nAlloc ){
+p->nAlloc = p->nAlloc*2 + len + 20;
+p->zTxt = sqlite3_realloc64(p->zTxt, p->nAlloc);
+shell_check_oom(p->zTxt);
+}
+if( quote ){
+char *zCsr = p->zTxt+p->n;
+*zCsr++ = quote;
+for(i=0; i<nAppend; i++){
+*zCsr++ = zAppend[i];
+if( zAppend[i]==quote ) *zCsr++ = quote;
+}
+*zCsr++ = quote;
+p->n = (i64)(zCsr - p->zTxt);
+*zCsr = '\0';
+}else{
+memcpy(p->zTxt+p->n, zAppend, nAppend);
+p->n += nAppend;
+p->zTxt[p->n] = '\0';
+}
+}
+/*
+** Attempt to determine if identifier zName needs to be quoted, either
+** because it contains non-alphanumeric characters, or because it is an
+** SQLite keyword.  Be conservative in this estimate:  When in doubt assume
+** that quoting is required.
+**
+** Return '"' if quoting is required.  Return 0 if no quoting is required.
+*/
+static char quoteChar(const char *zName){
+int i;
+if( zName==0 ) return '"';
+if( !IsAlpha(zName[0]) && zName[0]!='_' ) return '"';
+for(i=0; zName[i]; i++){
+if( !IsAlnum(zName[i]) && zName[i]!='_' ) return '"';
+}
+return sqlite3_keyword_check(zName, i) ? '"' : 0;
+}
+/*
+** Construct a fake object name and column list to describe the structure
+** of the view, virtual table, or table valued function zSchema.zName.
+**
+** The returned string comes from sqlite3_mprintf() and should be freed
+** by the caller using sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static char *shellFakeSchema(
+sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection containing the vtab */
+const char *zSchema,    /* Schema of the database holding the vtab */
+const char *zName       /* The name of the virtual table */
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+char *zSql;
+ShellText s;
+char cQuote;
+char *zDiv = "(";
+int nRow = 0;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA \"%w\".table_info=%Q;",
+zSchema ? zSchema : "main", zName);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+initText(&s);
+if( zSchema ){
+cQuote = quoteChar(zSchema);
+if( cQuote && sqlite3_stricmp(zSchema,"temp")==0 ) cQuote = 0;
+appendText(&s, zSchema, cQuote);
+appendText(&s, ".", 0);
+}
+cQuote = quoteChar(zName);
+appendText(&s, zName, cQuote);
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
+nRow++;
+appendText(&s, zDiv, 0);
+zDiv = ",";
+if( zCol==0 ) zCol = "";
+cQuote = quoteChar(zCol);
+appendText(&s, zCol, cQuote);
+}
+appendText(&s, ")", 0);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( nRow==0 ){
+freeText(&s);
+s.zTxt = 0;
+}
+return s.zTxt;
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:  strtod(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library strtod() function to convert string X into a double.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal text-to-float conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellStrtod(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+char *z = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(nVal);
+if( z==0 ) return;
+sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, strtod(z,0));
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:  dtostr(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library printf() function to convert real value X into a string.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal float-to-text conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellDtostr(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(apVal[0]);
+int n = nVal>=2 ? sqlite3_value_int(apVal[1]) : 26;
+char z[400];
+if( n<1 ) n = 1;
+if( n>350 ) n = 350;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z), z, "%#+.*e", n, r);
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:  shell_add_schema(S,X)
+**
+** Add the schema name X to the CREATE statement in S and return the result.
+** Examples:
+**
+**    CREATE TABLE t1(x)   ->   CREATE TABLE xyz.t1(x);
+**
+** Also works on
+**
+**    CREATE INDEX
+**    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
+**    CREATE VIEW
+**    CREATE TRIGGER
+**    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE
+**
+** This UDF is used by the .schema command to insert the schema name of
+** attached databases into the middle of the sqlite_schema.sql field.
+*/
+static void shellAddSchemaName(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+static const char *aPrefix[] = {
+"TABLE",
+"INDEX",
+"UNIQUE INDEX",
+"VIEW",
+"TRIGGER",
+"VIRTUAL TABLE"
+};
+int i = 0;
+const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+const char *zSchema = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[1]);
+const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[2]);
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(pCtx);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(nVal);
+if( zIn!=0 && cli_strncmp(zIn, "CREATE ", 7)==0 ){
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aPrefix); i++){
+int n = strlen30(aPrefix[i]);
+if( cli_strncmp(zIn+7, aPrefix[i], n)==0 && zIn[n+7]==' ' ){
+char *z = 0;
+char *zFake = 0;
+if( zSchema ){
+char cQuote = quoteChar(zSchema);
+if( cQuote && sqlite3_stricmp(zSchema,"temp")!=0 ){
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s \"%w\".%s", n+7, zIn, zSchema, zIn+n+8);
+}else{
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s %s.%s", n+7, zIn, zSchema, zIn+n+8);
+}
+}
+if( zName
+&& aPrefix[i][0]=='V'
+&& (zFake = shellFakeSchema(db, zSchema, zName))!=0
+){
+if( z==0 ){
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%s\n/* %s */", zIn, zFake);
+}else{
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%z\n/* %s */", z, zFake);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zFake);
+}
+if( z ){
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, sqlite3_free);
+return;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_result_value(pCtx, apVal[0]);
+}
+/*
+** The source code for several run-time loadable extensions is inserted
+** below by the ../tool/mkshellc.tcl script.  Before processing that included
+** code, we need to override some macros to make the included program code
+** work here in the middle of this regular program.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#define SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(X) (void)(X)
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/windirent.h ******************/
+/*
+** 2025-06-05
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** An implementation of opendir(), readdir(), and closedir() for Windows,
+** based on the FindFirstFile(), FindNextFile(), and FindClose() APIs
+** of Win32.
+**
+** #include this file inside any C-code module that needs to use
+** opendir()/readdir()/closedir().  This file is a no-op on non-Windows
+** machines.  On Windows, static functions are defined that implement
+** those standard interfaces.
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(SQLITE_WINDIRENT_H)
+#define SQLITE_WINDIRENT_H
+#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#endif
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#ifndef FILENAME_MAX
+# define FILENAME_MAX (260)
+#endif
+#ifndef S_ISREG
+#define S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
+#endif
+#ifndef S_ISDIR
+#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
+#endif
+#ifndef S_ISLNK
+#define S_ISLNK(m) (0)
+#endif
+typedef unsigned short mode_t;
+/* The dirent object for Windows is abbreviated.  The only field really
+** usable by applications is d_name[].
+*/
+struct dirent {
+int d_ino;                  /* Inode number (synthesized) */
+unsigned d_attributes;      /* File attributes */
+char d_name[FILENAME_MAX];  /* Null-terminated filename */
+};
+/* The internals of DIR are opaque according to standards.  So it
+** does not matter what we put here. */
+typedef struct DIR DIR;
+struct DIR {
+intptr_t d_handle;         /* Handle for findfirst()/findnext() */
+struct dirent cur;         /* Current entry */
+};
+/* Ignore hidden and system files */
+#define WindowsFileToIgnore(a) \
+((((a).attrib)&_A_HIDDEN) || (((a).attrib)&_A_SYSTEM))
+/*
+** Close a previously opened directory
+*/
+static int closedir(DIR *pDir){
+int rc = 0;
+if( pDir==0 ){
+return EINVAL;
+}
+if( pDir->d_handle!=0 && pDir->d_handle!=(-1) ){
+rc = _findclose(pDir->d_handle);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pDir);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Open a new directory.  The directory name should be UTF-8 encoded.
+** appropriate translations happen automatically.
+*/
+static DIR *opendir(const char *zDirName){
+DIR *pDir;
+wchar_t *b1;
+sqlite3_int64 sz;
+struct _wfinddata_t data;
+pDir = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(DIR) );
+if( pDir==0 ) return 0;
+memset(pDir, 0, sizeof(DIR));
+memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+sz = strlen(zDirName);
+b1 = sqlite3_malloc64( (sz+3)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+if( b1==0 ){
+closedir(pDir);
+return NULL;
+}
+sz = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zDirName, sz, b1, sz);
+b1[sz++] = '\\';
+b1[sz++] = '*';
+b1[sz] = 0;
+if( sz+1>sizeof(data.name)/sizeof(data.name[0]) ){
+closedir(pDir);
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return NULL;
+}
+memcpy(data.name, b1, (sz+1)*sizeof(b1[0]));
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+pDir->d_handle = _wfindfirst(data.name, &data);
+if( pDir->d_handle<0 ){
+closedir(pDir);
+return NULL;
+}
+while( WindowsFileToIgnore(data) ){
+memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+if( _wfindnext(pDir->d_handle, &data)==-1 ){
+closedir(pDir);
+return NULL;
+}
+}
+pDir->cur.d_ino = 0;
+pDir->cur.d_attributes = data.attrib;
+WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, data.name, -1,
+pDir->cur.d_name, FILENAME_MAX, 0, 0);
+return pDir;
+}
+/*
+** Read the next entry from a directory.
+**
+** The returned struct-dirent object is managed by DIR.  It is only
+** valid until the next readdir() or closedir() call.  Only the
+** d_name[] field is meaningful.  The d_name[] value has been
+** translated into UTF8.
+*/
+static struct dirent *readdir(DIR *pDir){
+struct _wfinddata_t data;
+if( pDir==0 ) return 0;
+if( (pDir->cur.d_ino++)==0 ){
+return &pDir->cur;
+}
+do{
+memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+if( _wfindnext(pDir->d_handle, &data)==-1 ){
+return NULL;
+}
+}while( WindowsFileToIgnore(data) );
+pDir->cur.d_attributes = data.attrib;
+WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, data.name, -1,
+pDir->cur.d_name, FILENAME_MAX, 0, 0);
+return &pDir->cur;
+}
+#endif /* defined(_WIN32) && defined(_MSC_VER) */
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/windirent.h ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/memtrace.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2019-01-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements an extension that uses the SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC
+** mechanism to add a tracing layer on top of SQLite.  If this extension
+** is registered prior to sqlite3_initialize(), it will cause all memory
+** allocation activities to be logged on standard output, or to some other
+** FILE specified by the initializer.
+**
+** This file needs to be compiled into the application that uses it.
+**
+** This extension is used to implement the --memtrace option of the
+** command-line shell.
+*/
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+/* The original memory allocation routines */
+static sqlite3_mem_methods memtraceBase;
+static FILE *memtraceOut;
+/* Methods that trace memory allocations */
+static void *memtraceMalloc(int n){
+if( memtraceOut ){
+fprintf(memtraceOut, "MEMTRACE: allocate %d bytes\n",
+memtraceBase.xRoundup(n));
+}
+return memtraceBase.xMalloc(n);
+}
+static void memtraceFree(void *p){
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( memtraceOut ){
+fprintf(memtraceOut, "MEMTRACE: free %d bytes\n", memtraceBase.xSize(p));
+}
+memtraceBase.xFree(p);
+}
+static void *memtraceRealloc(void *p, int n){
+if( p==0 ) return memtraceMalloc(n);
+if( n==0 ){
+memtraceFree(p);
+return 0;
+}
+if( memtraceOut ){
+fprintf(memtraceOut, "MEMTRACE: resize %d -> %d bytes\n",
+memtraceBase.xSize(p), memtraceBase.xRoundup(n));
+}
+return memtraceBase.xRealloc(p, n);
+}
+static int memtraceSize(void *p){
+return memtraceBase.xSize(p);
+}
+static int memtraceRoundup(int n){
+return memtraceBase.xRoundup(n);
+}
+static int memtraceInit(void *p){
+return memtraceBase.xInit(p);
+}
+static void memtraceShutdown(void *p){
+memtraceBase.xShutdown(p);
+}
+/* The substitute memory allocator */
+static sqlite3_mem_methods ersaztMethods = {
+memtraceMalloc,
+memtraceFree,
+memtraceRealloc,
+memtraceSize,
+memtraceRoundup,
+memtraceInit,
+memtraceShutdown,
+0
+};
+/* Begin tracing memory allocations to out. */
+int sqlite3MemTraceActivate(FILE *out){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( memtraceBase.xMalloc==0 ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC, &memtraceBase);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC, &ersaztMethods);
+}
+}
+memtraceOut = out;
+return rc;
+}
+/* Deactivate memory tracing */
+int sqlite3MemTraceDeactivate(void){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( memtraceBase.xMalloc!=0 ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC, &memtraceBase);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+memset(&memtraceBase, 0, sizeof(memtraceBase));
+}
+}
+memtraceOut = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/memtrace.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/pcachetrace.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2023-06-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements an extension that uses the SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2
+** mechanism to add a tracing layer on top of pluggable page cache of
+** SQLite.  If this extension is registered prior to sqlite3_initialize(),
+** it will cause all page cache activities to be logged on standard output,
+** or to some other FILE specified by the initializer.
+**
+** This file needs to be compiled into the application that uses it.
+**
+** This extension is used to implement the --pcachetrace option of the
+** command-line shell.
+*/
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+/* The original page cache routines */
+static sqlite3_pcache_methods2 pcacheBase;
+static FILE *pcachetraceOut;
+/* Methods that trace pcache activity */
+static int pcachetraceInit(void *pArg){
+int nRes;
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xInit(%p)\n", pArg);
+}
+nRes = pcacheBase.xInit(pArg);
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xInit(%p) -> %d\n", pArg, nRes);
+}
+return nRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceShutdown(void *pArg){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xShutdown(%p)\n", pArg);
+}
+pcacheBase.xShutdown(pArg);
+}
+static sqlite3_pcache *pcachetraceCreate(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurge){
+sqlite3_pcache *pRes;
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCreate(%d,%d,%d)\n",
+szPage, szExtra, bPurge);
+}
+pRes = pcacheBase.xCreate(szPage, szExtra, bPurge);
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCreate(%d,%d,%d) -> %p\n",
+szPage, szExtra, bPurge, pRes);
+}
+return pRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceCachesize(sqlite3_pcache *p, int nCachesize){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCachesize(%p, %d)\n", p, nCachesize);
+}
+pcacheBase.xCachesize(p, nCachesize);
+}
+static int pcachetracePagecount(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+int nRes;
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xPagecount(%p)\n", p);
+}
+nRes = pcacheBase.xPagecount(p);
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xPagecount(%p) -> %d\n", p, nRes);
+}
+return nRes;
+}
+static sqlite3_pcache_page *pcachetraceFetch(
+sqlite3_pcache *p,
+unsigned key,
+int crFg
+){
+sqlite3_pcache_page *pRes;
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xFetch(%p,%u,%d)\n", p, key, crFg);
+}
+pRes = pcacheBase.xFetch(p, key, crFg);
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xFetch(%p,%u,%d) -> %p\n",
+p, key, crFg, pRes);
+}
+return pRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceUnpin(
+sqlite3_pcache *p,
+sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg,
+int bDiscard
+){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xUnpin(%p, %p, %d)\n",
+p, pPg, bDiscard);
+}
+pcacheBase.xUnpin(p, pPg, bDiscard);
+}
+static void pcachetraceRekey(
+sqlite3_pcache *p,
+sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg,
+unsigned oldKey,
+unsigned newKey
+){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xRekey(%p, %p, %u, %u)\n",
+p, pPg, oldKey, newKey);
+}
+pcacheBase.xRekey(p, pPg, oldKey, newKey);
+}
+static void pcachetraceTruncate(sqlite3_pcache *p, unsigned n){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xTruncate(%p, %u)\n", p, n);
+}
+pcacheBase.xTruncate(p, n);
+}
+static void pcachetraceDestroy(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xDestroy(%p)\n", p);
+}
+pcacheBase.xDestroy(p);
+}
+static void pcachetraceShrink(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+if( pcachetraceOut ){
+fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xShrink(%p)\n", p);
+}
+pcacheBase.xShrink(p);
+}
+/* The substitute pcache methods */
+static sqlite3_pcache_methods2 ersaztPcacheMethods = {
+0,
+0,
+pcachetraceInit,
+pcachetraceShutdown,
+pcachetraceCreate,
+pcachetraceCachesize,
+pcachetracePagecount,
+pcachetraceFetch,
+pcachetraceUnpin,
+pcachetraceRekey,
+pcachetraceTruncate,
+pcachetraceDestroy,
+pcachetraceShrink
+};
+/* Begin tracing memory allocations to out. */
+int sqlite3PcacheTraceActivate(FILE *out){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pcacheBase.xFetch==0 ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2, &pcacheBase);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2, &ersaztPcacheMethods);
+}
+}
+pcachetraceOut = out;
+return rc;
+}
+/* Deactivate memory tracing */
+int sqlite3PcacheTraceDeactivate(void){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pcacheBase.xFetch!=0 ){
+rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2, &pcacheBase);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+memset(&pcacheBase, 0, sizeof(pcacheBase));
+}
+}
+pcachetraceOut = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/pcachetrace.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/shathree.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-03-08
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This SQLite extension implements functions that compute SHA3 hashes
+** in the way described by the (U.S.) NIST FIPS 202 SHA-3 Standard.
+** Three SQL functions are implemented:
+**
+**     sha3(X,SIZE)
+**     sha3_agg(Y,SIZE)
+**     sha3_query(Z,SIZE)
+**
+** The sha3(X) function computes the SHA3 hash of the input X, or NULL if
+** X is NULL.  If inputs X is text, the UTF-8 rendering of that text is
+** used to compute the hash.  If X is a BLOB, then the binary data of the
+** blob is used to compute the hash.  If X is an integer or real number,
+** then that number if converted into UTF-8 text and the hash is computed
+** over the text.
+**
+** The sha3_agg(Y) function computes the SHA3 hash of all Y inputs.  Since
+** order is important for the hash, it is recommended that the Y expression
+** by followed by an ORDER BY clause to guarantee that the inputs occur
+** in the desired order.
+**
+** The sha3_query(Y) function evaluates all queries in the SQL statements of Y
+** and returns a hash of their results.
+**
+** The SIZE argument is optional.  If omitted, the SHA3-256 hash algorithm
+** is used.  If SIZE is included it must be one of the integers 224, 256,
+** 384, or 512, to determine SHA3 hash variant that is computed.
+**
+** Because the sha3_agg() and sha3_query() functions compute a hash over
+** multiple values, the values are encode to use include type information.
+**
+** In sha3_agg(), the sequence of bytes that gets hashed for each input
+** Y depends on the datatype of Y:
+**
+**    typeof(Y)='null'         A single "N" is hashed.  (One byte)
+**
+**    typeof(Y)='integer'      The data hash is the character "I" followed
+**                             by an 8-byte big-endian binary of the
+**                             64-bit signed integer.  (Nine bytes total.)
+**
+**    typeof(Y)='real'         The character "F" followed by an 8-byte
+**                             big-ending binary of the double.  (Nine
+**                             bytes total.)
+**
+**    typeof(Y)='text'         The hash is over prefix "Tnnn:" followed
+**                             by the UTF8 encoding of the text.  The "nnn"
+**                             in the prefix is the minimum-length decimal
+**                             representation of the octet_length of the text.
+**                             Notice the ":" at the end of the prefix, which
+**                             is needed to separate the prefix from the
+**                             content in cases where the content starts
+**                             with a digit.
+**
+**    typeof(Y)='blob'         The hash is taken over prefix "Bnnn:" followed
+**                             by the binary content of the blob.  The "nnn"
+**                             in the prefix is the minimum-length decimal
+**                             representation of the byte-length of the blob.
+**
+** According to the rules above, all of the following SELECT statements
+** should return TRUE:
+**
+**    SELECT sha3(1) = sha3('1');
+**
+**    SELECT sha3('hello') = sha3(x'68656c6c6f');
+**
+**    WITH a(x) AS (VALUES('xyzzy'))
+**      SELECT sha3_agg(x) = sha3('T5:xyzzy')            FROM a;
+**
+**    WITH a(x) AS (VALUES(x'010203'))
+**      SELECT sha3_agg(x) = sha3(x'42333a010203')       FROM a;
+**
+**    WITH a(x) AS (VALUES(0x123456))
+**      SELECT sha3_agg(x) = sha3(x'490000000000123456') FROM a;
+**
+**    WITH a(x) AS (VALUES(100.015625))
+**      SELECT sha3_agg(x) = sha3(x'464059010000000000') FROM a;
+**
+**    WITH a(x) AS (VALUES(NULL))
+**      SELECT sha3_agg(x) = sha3('N') FROM a;
+**
+**
+** In sha3_query(), individual column values are encoded as with
+** sha3_agg(), but with the addition that a single "R" character is
+** inserted at the start of each row.
+**
+** Note that sha3_agg() hashes rows for which Y is NULL.  Add a FILTER
+** clause if NULL rows should be excluded:
+**
+**    SELECT sha3_agg(x ORDER BY rowid) FILTER(WHERE x NOT NULL) FROM t1;
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
+/* typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64; */
+#endif /* SQLITE_AMALGAMATION */
+/******************************************************************************
+** The Hash Engine
+*/
+/*
+** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
+** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
+**
+** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
+** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
+** -DSHA3_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
+** at run-time.
+*/
+#ifndef SHA3_BYTEORDER
+# if defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
+defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
+defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
+defined(__arm__)
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    1234
+# elif defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__)
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    4321
+# else
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER 0
+# endif
+#endif
+/*
+** State structure for a SHA3 hash in progress
+*/
+typedef struct SHA3Context SHA3Context;
+struct SHA3Context {
+union {
+u64 s[25];                /* Keccak state. 5x5 lines of 64 bits each */
+unsigned char x[1600];    /* ... or 1600 bytes */
+} u;
+unsigned nRate;        /* Bytes of input accepted per Keccak iteration */
+unsigned nLoaded;      /* Input bytes loaded into u.x[] so far this cycle */
+unsigned ixMask;       /* Insert next input into u.x[nLoaded^ixMask]. */
+unsigned iSize;        /* 224, 256, 358, or 512 */
+};
+/*
+** A single step of the Keccak mixing function for a 1600-bit state
+*/
+static void KeccakF1600Step(SHA3Context *p){
+int i;
+u64 b0, b1, b2, b3, b4;
+u64 c0, c1, c2, c3, c4;
+u64 d0, d1, d2, d3, d4;
+static const u64 RC[] = {
+0x0000000000000001ULL,  0x0000000000008082ULL,
+0x800000000000808aULL,  0x8000000080008000ULL,
+0x000000000000808bULL,  0x0000000080000001ULL,
+0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008009ULL,
+0x000000000000008aULL,  0x0000000000000088ULL,
+0x0000000080008009ULL,  0x000000008000000aULL,
+0x000000008000808bULL,  0x800000000000008bULL,
+0x8000000000008089ULL,  0x8000000000008003ULL,
+0x8000000000008002ULL,  0x8000000000000080ULL,
+0x000000000000800aULL,  0x800000008000000aULL,
+0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008080ULL,
+0x0000000080000001ULL,  0x8000000080008008ULL
+};
+# define a00 (p->u.s[0])
+# define a01 (p->u.s[1])
+# define a02 (p->u.s[2])
+# define a03 (p->u.s[3])
+# define a04 (p->u.s[4])
+# define a10 (p->u.s[5])
+# define a11 (p->u.s[6])
+# define a12 (p->u.s[7])
+# define a13 (p->u.s[8])
+# define a14 (p->u.s[9])
+# define a20 (p->u.s[10])
+# define a21 (p->u.s[11])
+# define a22 (p->u.s[12])
+# define a23 (p->u.s[13])
+# define a24 (p->u.s[14])
+# define a30 (p->u.s[15])
+# define a31 (p->u.s[16])
+# define a32 (p->u.s[17])
+# define a33 (p->u.s[18])
+# define a34 (p->u.s[19])
+# define a40 (p->u.s[20])
+# define a41 (p->u.s[21])
+# define a42 (p->u.s[22])
+# define a43 (p->u.s[23])
+# define a44 (p->u.s[24])
+# define ROL64(a,x) ((a<<x)|(a>>(64-x)))
+for(i=0; i<24; i+=4){
+c0 = a00^a10^a20^a30^a40;
+c1 = a01^a11^a21^a31^a41;
+c2 = a02^a12^a22^a32^a42;
+c3 = a03^a13^a23^a33^a43;
+c4 = a04^a14^a24^a34^a44;
+d0 = c4^ROL64(c1, 1);
+d1 = c0^ROL64(c2, 1);
+d2 = c1^ROL64(c3, 1);
+d3 = c2^ROL64(c4, 1);
+d4 = c3^ROL64(c0, 1);
+b0 = (a00^d0);
+b1 = ROL64((a11^d1), 44);
+b2 = ROL64((a22^d2), 43);
+b3 = ROL64((a33^d3), 21);
+b4 = ROL64((a44^d4), 14);
+a00 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a00 ^= RC[i];
+a11 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a22 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a33 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a44 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b2 = ROL64((a20^d0), 3);
+b3 = ROL64((a31^d1), 45);
+b4 = ROL64((a42^d2), 61);
+b0 = ROL64((a03^d3), 28);
+b1 = ROL64((a14^d4), 20);
+a20 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a31 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a42 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a03 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a14 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b4 = ROL64((a40^d0), 18);
+b0 = ROL64((a01^d1), 1);
+b1 = ROL64((a12^d2), 6);
+b2 = ROL64((a23^d3), 25);
+b3 = ROL64((a34^d4), 8);
+a40 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a01 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a12 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a23 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a34 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b1 = ROL64((a10^d0), 36);
+b2 = ROL64((a21^d1), 10);
+b3 = ROL64((a32^d2), 15);
+b4 = ROL64((a43^d3), 56);
+b0 = ROL64((a04^d4), 27);
+a10 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a21 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a32 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a43 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a04 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b3 = ROL64((a30^d0), 41);
+b4 = ROL64((a41^d1), 2);
+b0 = ROL64((a02^d2), 62);
+b1 = ROL64((a13^d3), 55);
+b2 = ROL64((a24^d4), 39);
+a30 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a41 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a02 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a13 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a24 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+c0 = a00^a20^a40^a10^a30;
+c1 = a11^a31^a01^a21^a41;
+c2 = a22^a42^a12^a32^a02;
+c3 = a33^a03^a23^a43^a13;
+c4 = a44^a14^a34^a04^a24;
+d0 = c4^ROL64(c1, 1);
+d1 = c0^ROL64(c2, 1);
+d2 = c1^ROL64(c3, 1);
+d3 = c2^ROL64(c4, 1);
+d4 = c3^ROL64(c0, 1);
+b0 = (a00^d0);
+b1 = ROL64((a31^d1), 44);
+b2 = ROL64((a12^d2), 43);
+b3 = ROL64((a43^d3), 21);
+b4 = ROL64((a24^d4), 14);
+a00 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a00 ^= RC[i+1];
+a31 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a12 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a43 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a24 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b2 = ROL64((a40^d0), 3);
+b3 = ROL64((a21^d1), 45);
+b4 = ROL64((a02^d2), 61);
+b0 = ROL64((a33^d3), 28);
+b1 = ROL64((a14^d4), 20);
+a40 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a21 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a02 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a33 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a14 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b4 = ROL64((a30^d0), 18);
+b0 = ROL64((a11^d1), 1);
+b1 = ROL64((a42^d2), 6);
+b2 = ROL64((a23^d3), 25);
+b3 = ROL64((a04^d4), 8);
+a30 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a11 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a42 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a23 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a04 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b1 = ROL64((a20^d0), 36);
+b2 = ROL64((a01^d1), 10);
+b3 = ROL64((a32^d2), 15);
+b4 = ROL64((a13^d3), 56);
+b0 = ROL64((a44^d4), 27);
+a20 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a01 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a32 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a13 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a44 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b3 = ROL64((a10^d0), 41);
+b4 = ROL64((a41^d1), 2);
+b0 = ROL64((a22^d2), 62);
+b1 = ROL64((a03^d3), 55);
+b2 = ROL64((a34^d4), 39);
+a10 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a41 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a22 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a03 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a34 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+c0 = a00^a40^a30^a20^a10;
+c1 = a31^a21^a11^a01^a41;
+c2 = a12^a02^a42^a32^a22;
+c3 = a43^a33^a23^a13^a03;
+c4 = a24^a14^a04^a44^a34;
+d0 = c4^ROL64(c1, 1);
+d1 = c0^ROL64(c2, 1);
+d2 = c1^ROL64(c3, 1);
+d3 = c2^ROL64(c4, 1);
+d4 = c3^ROL64(c0, 1);
+b0 = (a00^d0);
+b1 = ROL64((a21^d1), 44);
+b2 = ROL64((a42^d2), 43);
+b3 = ROL64((a13^d3), 21);
+b4 = ROL64((a34^d4), 14);
+a00 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a00 ^= RC[i+2];
+a21 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a42 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a13 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a34 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b2 = ROL64((a30^d0), 3);
+b3 = ROL64((a01^d1), 45);
+b4 = ROL64((a22^d2), 61);
+b0 = ROL64((a43^d3), 28);
+b1 = ROL64((a14^d4), 20);
+a30 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a01 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a22 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a43 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a14 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b4 = ROL64((a10^d0), 18);
+b0 = ROL64((a31^d1), 1);
+b1 = ROL64((a02^d2), 6);
+b2 = ROL64((a23^d3), 25);
+b3 = ROL64((a44^d4), 8);
+a10 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a31 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a02 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a23 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a44 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b1 = ROL64((a40^d0), 36);
+b2 = ROL64((a11^d1), 10);
+b3 = ROL64((a32^d2), 15);
+b4 = ROL64((a03^d3), 56);
+b0 = ROL64((a24^d4), 27);
+a40 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a11 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a32 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a03 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a24 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b3 = ROL64((a20^d0), 41);
+b4 = ROL64((a41^d1), 2);
+b0 = ROL64((a12^d2), 62);
+b1 = ROL64((a33^d3), 55);
+b2 = ROL64((a04^d4), 39);
+a20 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a41 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a12 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a33 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a04 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+c0 = a00^a30^a10^a40^a20;
+c1 = a21^a01^a31^a11^a41;
+c2 = a42^a22^a02^a32^a12;
+c3 = a13^a43^a23^a03^a33;
+c4 = a34^a14^a44^a24^a04;
+d0 = c4^ROL64(c1, 1);
+d1 = c0^ROL64(c2, 1);
+d2 = c1^ROL64(c3, 1);
+d3 = c2^ROL64(c4, 1);
+d4 = c3^ROL64(c0, 1);
+b0 = (a00^d0);
+b1 = ROL64((a01^d1), 44);
+b2 = ROL64((a02^d2), 43);
+b3 = ROL64((a03^d3), 21);
+b4 = ROL64((a04^d4), 14);
+a00 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a00 ^= RC[i+3];
+a01 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a02 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a03 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a04 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b2 = ROL64((a10^d0), 3);
+b3 = ROL64((a11^d1), 45);
+b4 = ROL64((a12^d2), 61);
+b0 = ROL64((a13^d3), 28);
+b1 = ROL64((a14^d4), 20);
+a10 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a11 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a12 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a13 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a14 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b4 = ROL64((a20^d0), 18);
+b0 = ROL64((a21^d1), 1);
+b1 = ROL64((a22^d2), 6);
+b2 = ROL64((a23^d3), 25);
+b3 = ROL64((a24^d4), 8);
+a20 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a21 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a22 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a23 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a24 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b1 = ROL64((a30^d0), 36);
+b2 = ROL64((a31^d1), 10);
+b3 = ROL64((a32^d2), 15);
+b4 = ROL64((a33^d3), 56);
+b0 = ROL64((a34^d4), 27);
+a30 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a31 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a32 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a33 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a34 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+b3 = ROL64((a40^d0), 41);
+b4 = ROL64((a41^d1), 2);
+b0 = ROL64((a42^d2), 62);
+b1 = ROL64((a43^d3), 55);
+b2 = ROL64((a44^d4), 39);
+a40 =   b0 ^((~b1)&  b2 );
+a41 =   b1 ^((~b2)&  b3 );
+a42 =   b2 ^((~b3)&  b4 );
+a43 =   b3 ^((~b4)&  b0 );
+a44 =   b4 ^((~b0)&  b1 );
+}
+}
+/*
+** Initialize a new hash.  iSize determines the size of the hash
+** in bits and should be one of 224, 256, 384, or 512.  Or iSize
+** can be zero to use the default hash size of 256 bits.
+*/
+static void SHA3Init(SHA3Context *p, int iSize){
+memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+p->iSize = iSize;
+if( iSize>=128 && iSize<=512 ){
+p->nRate = (1600 - ((iSize + 31)&~31)*2)/8;
+}else{
+p->nRate = (1600 - 2*256)/8;
+}
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+/* Known to be little-endian at compile-time. No-op */
+#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
+p->ixMask = 7;  /* Big-endian */
+#else
+{
+static unsigned int one = 1;
+if( 1==*(unsigned char*)&one ){
+/* Little endian.  No byte swapping. */
+p->ixMask = 0;
+}else{
+/* Big endian.  Byte swap. */
+p->ixMask = 7;
+}
+}
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** Make consecutive calls to the SHA3Update function to add new content
+** to the hash
+*/
+static void SHA3Update(
+SHA3Context *p,
+const unsigned char *aData,
+unsigned int nData
+){
+unsigned int i = 0;
+if( aData==0 ) return;
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+if( (p->nLoaded % 8)==0 && ((aData - (const unsigned char*)0)&7)==0 ){
+for(; i+7<nData; i+=8){
+p->u.s[p->nLoaded/8] ^= *(u64*)&aData[i];
+p->nLoaded += 8;
+if( p->nLoaded>=p->nRate ){
+KeccakF1600Step(p);
+p->nLoaded = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+#endif
+for(; i<nData; i++){
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+p->u.x[p->nLoaded] ^= aData[i];
+#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
+p->u.x[p->nLoaded^0x07] ^= aData[i];
+#else
+p->u.x[p->nLoaded^p->ixMask] ^= aData[i];
+#endif
+p->nLoaded++;
+if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate ){
+KeccakF1600Step(p);
+p->nLoaded = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** After all content has been added, invoke SHA3Final() to compute
+** the final hash.  The function returns a pointer to the binary
+** hash value.
+*/
+static unsigned char *SHA3Final(SHA3Context *p){
+unsigned int i;
+if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate-1 ){
+const unsigned char c1 = 0x86;
+SHA3Update(p, &c1, 1);
+}else{
+const unsigned char c2 = 0x06;
+const unsigned char c3 = 0x80;
+SHA3Update(p, &c2, 1);
+p->nLoaded = p->nRate - 1;
+SHA3Update(p, &c3, 1);
+}
+for(i=0; i<p->nRate; i++){
+p->u.x[i+p->nRate] = p->u.x[i^p->ixMask];
+}
+return &p->u.x[p->nRate];
+}
+/* End of the hashing logic
+*****************************************************************************/
+/*
+** Implementation of the sha3(X,SIZE) function.
+**
+** Return a BLOB which is the SIZE-bit SHA3 hash of X.  The default
+** size is 256.  If X is a BLOB, it is hashed as is.
+** For all other non-NULL types of input, X is converted into a UTF-8 string
+** and the string is hashed without the trailing 0x00 terminator.  The hash
+** of a NULL value is NULL.
+*/
+static void sha3Func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+SHA3Context cx;
+int eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
+int nByte = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+int iSize;
+if( argc==1 ){
+iSize = 256;
+}else{
+iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
+if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
+"384 512", -1);
+return;
+}
+}
+if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
+SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
+if( eType==SQLITE_BLOB ){
+SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]), nByte);
+}else{
+SHA3Update(&cx, sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), nByte);
+}
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+/* Compute a string using sqlite3_vsnprintf() with a maximum length
+** of 50 bytes and add it to the hash.
+*/
+static void sha3_step_vformat(
+SHA3Context *p,                 /* Add content to this context */
+const char *zFormat,
+...
+){
+va_list ap;
+int n;
+char zBuf[50];
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+sqlite3_vsnprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,zFormat,ap);
+va_end(ap);
+n = (int)strlen(zBuf);
+SHA3Update(p, (unsigned char*)zBuf, n);
+}
+/*
+** Update a SHA3Context using a single sqlite3_value.
+*/
+static void sha3UpdateFromValue(SHA3Context *p, sqlite3_value *pVal){
+switch( sqlite3_value_type(pVal) ){
+case SQLITE_NULL: {
+SHA3Update(p, (const unsigned char*)"N",1);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+sqlite3_uint64 u;
+int j;
+unsigned char x[9];
+sqlite3_int64 v = sqlite3_value_int64(pVal);
+memcpy(&u, &v, 8);
+for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
+x[j] = u & 0xff;
+u >>= 8;
+}
+x[0] = 'I';
+SHA3Update(p, x, 9);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+sqlite3_uint64 u;
+int j;
+unsigned char x[9];
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(pVal);
+memcpy(&u, &r, 8);
+for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
+x[j] = u & 0xff;
+u >>= 8;
+}
+x[0] = 'F';
+SHA3Update(p,x,9);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+int n2 = sqlite3_value_bytes(pVal);
+const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
+sha3_step_vformat(p,"T%d:",n2);
+SHA3Update(p, z2, n2);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+int n2 = sqlite3_value_bytes(pVal);
+const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_value_blob(pVal);
+sha3_step_vformat(p,"B%d:",n2);
+SHA3Update(p, z2, n2);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the sha3_query(SQL,SIZE) function.
+**
+** This function compiles and runs the SQL statement(s) given in the
+** argument. The results are hashed using a SIZE-bit SHA3.  The default
+** size is 256.
+**
+** The format of the byte stream that is hashed is summarized as follows:
+**
+**       S<n>:<sql>
+**       R
+**       N
+**       I<int>
+**       F<ieee-float>
+**       B<size>:<bytes>
+**       T<size>:<text>
+**
+** <sql> is the original SQL text for each statement run and <n> is
+** the size of that text.  The SQL text is UTF-8.  A single R character
+** occurs before the start of each row.  N means a NULL value.
+** I mean an 8-byte little-endian integer <int>.  F is a floating point
+** number with an 8-byte little-endian IEEE floating point value <ieee-float>.
+** B means blobs of <size> bytes.  T means text rendered as <size>
+** bytes of UTF-8.  The <n> and <size> values are expressed as an ASCII
+** text integers.
+**
+** For each SQL statement in the X input, there is one S segment.  Each
+** S segment is followed by zero or more R segments, one for each row in the
+** result set.  After each R, there are one or more N, I, F, B, or T segments,
+** one for each column in the result set.  Segments are concatentated directly
+** with no delimiters of any kind.
+*/
+static void sha3QueryFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the result set */
+int i;                      /* Loop counter */
+int rc;
+int n;
+const char *z;
+SHA3Context cx;
+int iSize;
+if( argc==1 ){
+iSize = 256;
+}else{
+iSize = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
+if( iSize!=224 && iSize!=256 && iSize!=384 && iSize!=512 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "SHA3 size should be one of: 224 256 "
+"384 512", -1);
+return;
+}
+}
+if( zSql==0 ) return;
+SHA3Init(&cx, iSize);
+while( zSql[0] ){
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, &zSql);
+if( rc ){
+char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error SQL statement [%s]: %s",
+zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+return;
+}
+if( !sqlite3_stmt_readonly(pStmt) ){
+char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("non-query: [%s]", sqlite3_sql(pStmt));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+return;
+}
+nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+z = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+if( z ){
+n = (int)strlen(z);
+sha3_step_vformat(&cx,"S%d:",n);
+SHA3Update(&cx,(unsigned char*)z,n);
+}
+/* Compute a hash over the result of the query */
+while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+SHA3Update(&cx,(const unsigned char*)"R",1);
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+sha3UpdateFromValue(&cx, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt,i));
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(&cx), iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+/*
+** xStep function for sha3_agg().
+*/
+static void sha3AggStep(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+SHA3Context *p;
+p = (SHA3Context*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( p->nRate==0 ){
+int sz = 256;
+if( argc==2 ){
+sz = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
+if( sz!=224 && sz!=384 && sz!=512 ){
+sz = 256;
+}
+}
+SHA3Init(p, sz);
+}
+sha3UpdateFromValue(p, argv[0]);
+}
+/*
+** xFinal function for sha3_agg().
+*/
+static void sha3AggFinal(sqlite3_context *context){
+SHA3Context *p;
+p = (SHA3Context*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( p->iSize ){
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, SHA3Final(p), p->iSize/8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_shathree_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, sha3Func, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, sha3Func, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_agg", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, 0, sha3AggStep, sha3AggFinal);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_agg", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, 0, sha3AggStep, sha3AggFinal);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_query", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DIRECTONLY,
+0, sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha3_query", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_DIRECTONLY,
+0, sha3QueryFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/shathree.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/sha1.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-01-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This SQLite extension implements functions that compute SHA1 hashes.
+** Two SQL functions are implemented:
+**
+**     sha1(X)
+**     sha1_query(Y)
+**
+** The sha1(X) function computes the SHA1 hash of the input X, or NULL if
+** X is NULL.
+**
+** The sha1_query(Y) function evalutes all queries in the SQL statements of Y
+** and returns a hash of their results.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+/******************************************************************************
+** The Hash Engine
+*/
+/* Context for the SHA1 hash */
+typedef struct SHA1Context SHA1Context;
+struct SHA1Context {
+unsigned int state[5];
+unsigned int count[2];
+unsigned char buffer[64];
+};
+#define SHA_ROT(x,l,r) ((x) << (l) | (x) >> (r))
+#define rol(x,k) SHA_ROT(x,k,32-(k))
+#define ror(x,k) SHA_ROT(x,32-(k),k)
+#define blk0le(i) (block[i] = (ror(block[i],8)&0xFF00FF00) \
+|(rol(block[i],8)&0x00FF00FF))
+#define blk0be(i) block[i]
+#define blk(i) (block[i&15] = rol(block[(i+13)&15]^block[(i+8)&15] \
+^block[(i+2)&15]^block[i&15],1))
+/*
+* (R0+R1), R2, R3, R4 are the different operations (rounds) used in SHA1
+*
+* Rl0() for little-endian and Rb0() for big-endian.  Endianness is
+* determined at run-time.
+*/
+#define Rl0(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk0le(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define Rb0(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk0be(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R1(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R2(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=(w^x^y)+blk(i)+0x6ED9EBA1+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R3(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=(((w|x)&y)|(w&x))+blk(i)+0x8F1BBCDC+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R4(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+z+=(w^x^y)+blk(i)+0xCA62C1D6+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+/*
+* Hash a single 512-bit block. This is the core of the algorithm.
+*/
+static void SHA1Transform(unsigned int state[5], const unsigned char buffer[64]){
+unsigned int qq[5]; /* a, b, c, d, e; */
+static int one = 1;
+unsigned int block[16];
+memcpy(block, buffer, 64);
+memcpy(qq,state,5*sizeof(unsigned int));
+#define a qq[0]
+#define b qq[1]
+#define c qq[2]
+#define d qq[3]
+#define e qq[4]
+/* Copy p->state[] to working vars */
+/*
+a = state[0];
+b = state[1];
+c = state[2];
+d = state[3];
+e = state[4];
+*/
+/* 4 rounds of 20 operations each. Loop unrolled. */
+if( 1 == *(unsigned char*)&one ){
+Rl0(a,b,c,d,e, 0); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d, 1); Rl0(d,e,a,b,c, 2); Rl0(c,d,e,a,b, 3);
+Rl0(b,c,d,e,a, 4); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e, 5); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d, 6); Rl0(d,e,a,b,c, 7);
+Rl0(c,d,e,a,b, 8); Rl0(b,c,d,e,a, 9); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e,10); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d,11);
+Rl0(d,e,a,b,c,12); Rl0(c,d,e,a,b,13); Rl0(b,c,d,e,a,14); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e,15);
+}else{
+Rb0(a,b,c,d,e, 0); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d, 1); Rb0(d,e,a,b,c, 2); Rb0(c,d,e,a,b, 3);
+Rb0(b,c,d,e,a, 4); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e, 5); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d, 6); Rb0(d,e,a,b,c, 7);
+Rb0(c,d,e,a,b, 8); Rb0(b,c,d,e,a, 9); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e,10); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d,11);
+Rb0(d,e,a,b,c,12); Rb0(c,d,e,a,b,13); Rb0(b,c,d,e,a,14); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e,15);
+}
+R1(e,a,b,c,d,16); R1(d,e,a,b,c,17); R1(c,d,e,a,b,18); R1(b,c,d,e,a,19);
+R2(a,b,c,d,e,20); R2(e,a,b,c,d,21); R2(d,e,a,b,c,22); R2(c,d,e,a,b,23);
+R2(b,c,d,e,a,24); R2(a,b,c,d,e,25); R2(e,a,b,c,d,26); R2(d,e,a,b,c,27);
+R2(c,d,e,a,b,28); R2(b,c,d,e,a,29); R2(a,b,c,d,e,30); R2(e,a,b,c,d,31);
+R2(d,e,a,b,c,32); R2(c,d,e,a,b,33); R2(b,c,d,e,a,34); R2(a,b,c,d,e,35);
+R2(e,a,b,c,d,36); R2(d,e,a,b,c,37); R2(c,d,e,a,b,38); R2(b,c,d,e,a,39);
+R3(a,b,c,d,e,40); R3(e,a,b,c,d,41); R3(d,e,a,b,c,42); R3(c,d,e,a,b,43);
+R3(b,c,d,e,a,44); R3(a,b,c,d,e,45); R3(e,a,b,c,d,46); R3(d,e,a,b,c,47);
+R3(c,d,e,a,b,48); R3(b,c,d,e,a,49); R3(a,b,c,d,e,50); R3(e,a,b,c,d,51);
+R3(d,e,a,b,c,52); R3(c,d,e,a,b,53); R3(b,c,d,e,a,54); R3(a,b,c,d,e,55);
+R3(e,a,b,c,d,56); R3(d,e,a,b,c,57); R3(c,d,e,a,b,58); R3(b,c,d,e,a,59);
+R4(a,b,c,d,e,60); R4(e,a,b,c,d,61); R4(d,e,a,b,c,62); R4(c,d,e,a,b,63);
+R4(b,c,d,e,a,64); R4(a,b,c,d,e,65); R4(e,a,b,c,d,66); R4(d,e,a,b,c,67);
+R4(c,d,e,a,b,68); R4(b,c,d,e,a,69); R4(a,b,c,d,e,70); R4(e,a,b,c,d,71);
+R4(d,e,a,b,c,72); R4(c,d,e,a,b,73); R4(b,c,d,e,a,74); R4(a,b,c,d,e,75);
+R4(e,a,b,c,d,76); R4(d,e,a,b,c,77); R4(c,d,e,a,b,78); R4(b,c,d,e,a,79);
+/* Add the working vars back into context.state[] */
+state[0] += a;
+state[1] += b;
+state[2] += c;
+state[3] += d;
+state[4] += e;
+#undef a
+#undef b
+#undef c
+#undef d
+#undef e
+}
+/* Initialize a SHA1 context */
+static void hash_init(SHA1Context *p){
+/* SHA1 initialization constants */
+p->state[0] = 0x67452301;
+p->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
+p->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
+p->state[3] = 0x10325476;
+p->state[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+p->count[0] = p->count[1] = 0;
+}
+/* Add new content to the SHA1 hash */
+static void hash_step(
+SHA1Context *p,                 /* Add content to this context */
+const unsigned char *data,      /* Data to be added */
+unsigned int len                /* Number of bytes in data */
+){
+unsigned int i, j;
+j = p->count[0];
+if( (p->count[0] += len << 3) < j ){
+p->count[1] += (len>>29)+1;
+}
+j = (j >> 3) & 63;
+if( (j + len) > 63 ){
+(void)memcpy(&p->buffer[j], data, (i = 64-j));
+SHA1Transform(p->state, p->buffer);
+for(; i + 63 < len; i += 64){
+SHA1Transform(p->state, &data[i]);
+}
+j = 0;
+}else{
+i = 0;
+}
+(void)memcpy(&p->buffer[j], &data[i], len - i);
+}
+/* Compute a string using sqlite3_vsnprintf() and hash it */
+static void hash_step_vformat(
+SHA1Context *p,                 /* Add content to this context */
+const char *zFormat,
+...
+){
+va_list ap;
+int n;
+char zBuf[50];
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+sqlite3_vsnprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,zFormat,ap);
+va_end(ap);
+n = (int)strlen(zBuf);
+hash_step(p, (unsigned char*)zBuf, n);
+}
+/* Add padding and compute the message digest.  Render the
+** message digest as lower-case hexadecimal and put it into
+** zOut[].  zOut[] must be at least 41 bytes long. */
+static void hash_finish(
+SHA1Context *p,           /* The SHA1 context to finish and render */
+char *zOut,               /* Store hex or binary hash here */
+int bAsBinary             /* 1 for binary hash, 0 for hex hash */
+){
+unsigned int i;
+unsigned char finalcount[8];
+unsigned char digest[20];
+static const char zEncode[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){
+finalcount[i] = (unsigned char)((p->count[(i >= 4 ? 0 : 1)]
+>> ((3-(i & 3)) * 8) ) & 255); /* Endian independent */
+}
+hash_step(p, (const unsigned char *)"\200", 1);
+while ((p->count[0] & 504) != 448){
+hash_step(p, (const unsigned char *)"\0", 1);
+}
+hash_step(p, finalcount, 8);  /* Should cause a SHA1Transform() */
+for (i = 0; i < 20; i++){
+digest[i] = (unsigned char)((p->state[i>>2] >> ((3-(i & 3)) * 8) ) & 255);
+}
+if( bAsBinary ){
+memcpy(zOut, digest, 20);
+}else{
+for(i=0; i<20; i++){
+zOut[i*2] = zEncode[(digest[i]>>4)&0xf];
+zOut[i*2+1] = zEncode[digest[i] & 0xf];
+}
+zOut[i*2]= 0;
+}
+}
+/* End of the hashing logic
+*****************************************************************************/
+/*
+** Implementation of the sha1(X) function.
+**
+** Return a lower-case hexadecimal rendering of the SHA1 hash of the
+** argument X.  If X is a BLOB, it is hashed as is.  For all other
+** types of input, X is converted into a UTF-8 string and the string
+** is hash without the trailing 0x00 terminator.  The hash of a NULL
+** value is NULL.
+*/
+static void sha1Func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+SHA1Context cx;
+int eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
+int nByte = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+char zOut[44];
+assert( argc==1 );
+if( eType==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
+hash_init(&cx);
+if( eType==SQLITE_BLOB ){
+hash_step(&cx, sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]), nByte);
+}else{
+hash_step(&cx, sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), nByte);
+}
+if( sqlite3_user_data(context)!=0 ){
+hash_finish(&cx, zOut, 1);
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, zOut, 20, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}else{
+hash_finish(&cx, zOut, 0);
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, zOut, 40, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the sha1_query(SQL) function.
+**
+** This function compiles and runs the SQL statement(s) given in the
+** argument. The results are hashed using SHA1 and that hash is returned.
+**
+** The original SQL text is included as part of the hash.
+**
+** The hash is not just a concatenation of the outputs.  Each query
+** is delimited and each row and value within the query is delimited,
+** with all values being marked with their datatypes.
+*/
+static void sha1QueryFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the result set */
+int i;                      /* Loop counter */
+int rc;
+int n;
+const char *z;
+SHA1Context cx;
+char zOut[44];
+assert( argc==1 );
+if( zSql==0 ) return;
+hash_init(&cx);
+while( zSql[0] ){
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, &zSql);
+if( rc ){
+char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error SQL statement [%s]: %s",
+zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+return;
+}
+if( !sqlite3_stmt_readonly(pStmt) ){
+char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("non-query: [%s]", sqlite3_sql(pStmt));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+return;
+}
+nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+z = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+n = (int)strlen(z);
+hash_step_vformat(&cx,"S%d:",n);
+hash_step(&cx,(unsigned char*)z,n);
+/* Compute a hash over the result of the query */
+while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+hash_step(&cx,(const unsigned char*)"R",1);
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+switch( sqlite3_column_type(pStmt,i) ){
+case SQLITE_NULL: {
+hash_step(&cx, (const unsigned char*)"N",1);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+sqlite3_uint64 u;
+int j;
+unsigned char x[9];
+sqlite3_int64 v = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt,i);
+memcpy(&u, &v, 8);
+for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
+x[j] = u & 0xff;
+u >>= 8;
+}
+x[0] = 'I';
+hash_step(&cx, x, 9);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+sqlite3_uint64 u;
+int j;
+unsigned char x[9];
+double r = sqlite3_column_double(pStmt,i);
+memcpy(&u, &r, 8);
+for(j=8; j>=1; j--){
+x[j] = u & 0xff;
+u >>= 8;
+}
+x[0] = 'F';
+hash_step(&cx,x,9);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
+const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, i);
+hash_step_vformat(&cx,"T%d:",n2);
+hash_step(&cx, z2, n2);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+int n2 = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, i);
+const unsigned char *z2 = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, i);
+hash_step_vformat(&cx,"B%d:",n2);
+hash_step(&cx, z2, n2);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+hash_finish(&cx, zOut, 0);
+sqlite3_result_text(context, zOut, 40, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_sha_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+static int one = 1;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha1", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, sha1Func, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha1b", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8 | SQLITE_INNOCUOUS | SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+(void*)&one, sha1Func, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sha1_query", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY, 0,
+sha1QueryFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/sha1.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/uint.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2020-04-14
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This SQLite extension implements the UINT collating sequence.
+**
+** UINT works like BINARY for text, except that embedded strings
+** of digits compare in numeric order.
+**
+**     *   Leading zeros are handled properly, in the sense that
+**         they do not mess of the magnitude comparison of embedded
+**         strings of digits.  "x00123y" is equal to "x123y".
+**
+**     *   Only unsigned integers are recognized.  Plus and minus
+**         signs are ignored.  Decimal points and exponential notation
+**         are ignored.
+**
+**     *   Embedded integers can be of arbitrary length.  Comparison
+**         is *not* limited integers that can be expressed as a
+**         64-bit machine integer.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+/*
+** Compare text in lexicographic order, except strings of digits
+** compare in numeric order.
+*/
+static int uintCollFunc(
+void *notUsed,
+int nKey1, const void *pKey1,
+int nKey2, const void *pKey2
+){
+const unsigned char *zA = (const unsigned char*)pKey1;
+const unsigned char *zB = (const unsigned char*)pKey2;
+int i=0, j=0, x;
+(void)notUsed;
+while( i<nKey1 && j<nKey2 ){
+x = zA[i] - zB[j];
+if( isdigit(zA[i]) ){
+int k;
+if( !isdigit(zB[j]) ) return x;
+while( i<nKey1 && zA[i]=='0' ){ i++; }
+while( j<nKey2 && zB[j]=='0' ){ j++; }
+k = 0;
+while( i+k<nKey1 && isdigit(zA[i+k])
+&& j+k<nKey2 && isdigit(zB[j+k]) ){
+k++;
+}
+if( i+k<nKey1 && isdigit(zA[i+k]) ){
+return +1;
+}else if( j+k<nKey2 && isdigit(zB[j+k]) ){
+return -1;
+}else{
+x = memcmp(zA+i, zB+j, k);
+if( x ) return x;
+i += k;
+j += k;
+}
+}else if( x ){
+return x;
+}else{
+i++;
+j++;
+}
+}
+return (nKey1 - i) - (nKey2 - j);
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_uint_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+return sqlite3_create_collation(db, "uint", SQLITE_UTF8, 0, uintCollFunc);
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/uint.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/decimal.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2020-06-22
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** Routines to implement arbitrary-precision decimal math.
+**
+** The focus here is on simplicity and correctness, not performance.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+/* Mark a function parameter as unused, to suppress nuisance compiler
+** warnings. */
+#ifndef UNUSED_PARAMETER
+# define UNUSED_PARAMETER(X)  (void)(X)
+#endif
+#ifndef IsSpace
+#define IsSpace(X)  isspace((unsigned char)X)
+#endif
+/* A decimal object */
+typedef struct Decimal Decimal;
+struct Decimal {
+char sign;        /* 0 for positive, 1 for negative */
+char oom;         /* True if an OOM is encountered */
+char isNull;      /* True if holds a NULL rather than a number */
+char isInit;      /* True upon initialization */
+int nDigit;       /* Total number of digits */
+int nFrac;        /* Number of digits to the right of the decimal point */
+signed char *a;   /* Array of digits.  Most significant first. */
+};
+/*
+** Release memory held by a Decimal, but do not free the object itself.
+*/
+static void decimal_clear(Decimal *p){
+sqlite3_free(p->a);
+}
+/*
+** Destroy a Decimal object
+*/
+static void decimal_free(Decimal *p){
+if( p ){
+decimal_clear(p);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Allocate a new Decimal object initialized to the text in zIn[].
+** Return NULL if any kind of error occurs.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimalNewFromText(const char *zIn, int n){
+Decimal *p = 0;
+int i;
+int iExp = 0;
+p = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*p) );
+if( p==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
+p->sign = 0;
+p->oom = 0;
+p->isInit = 1;
+p->isNull = 0;
+p->nDigit = 0;
+p->nFrac = 0;
+p->a = sqlite3_malloc64( n+1 );
+if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
+for(i=0; IsSpace(zIn[i]); i++){}
+if( zIn[i]=='-' ){
+p->sign = 1;
+i++;
+}else if( zIn[i]=='+' ){
+i++;
+}
+while( i<n && zIn[i]=='0' ) i++;
+while( i<n ){
+char c = zIn[i];
+if( c>='0' && c<='9' ){
+p->a[p->nDigit++] = c - '0';
+}else if( c=='.' ){
+p->nFrac = p->nDigit + 1;
+}else if( c=='e' || c=='E' ){
+int j = i+1;
+int neg = 0;
+if( j>=n ) break;
+if( zIn[j]=='-' ){
+neg = 1;
+j++;
+}else if( zIn[j]=='+' ){
+j++;
+}
+while( j<n && iExp<1000000 ){
+if( zIn[j]>='0' && zIn[j]<='9' ){
+iExp = iExp*10 + zIn[j] - '0';
+}
+j++;
+}
+if( neg ) iExp = -iExp;
+break;
+}
+i++;
+}
+if( p->nFrac ){
+p->nFrac = p->nDigit - (p->nFrac - 1);
+}
+if( iExp>0 ){
+if( p->nFrac>0 ){
+if( iExp<=p->nFrac ){
+p->nFrac -= iExp;
+iExp = 0;
+}else{
+iExp -= p->nFrac;
+p->nFrac = 0;
+}
+}
+if( iExp>0 ){
+p->a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, (sqlite3_int64)p->nDigit
++ (sqlite3_int64)iExp + 1 );
+if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
+memset(p->a+p->nDigit, 0, iExp);
+p->nDigit += iExp;
+}
+}else if( iExp<0 ){
+int nExtra;
+iExp = -iExp;
+nExtra = p->nDigit - p->nFrac - 1;
+if( nExtra ){
+if( nExtra>=iExp ){
+p->nFrac += iExp;
+iExp  = 0;
+}else{
+iExp -= nExtra;
+p->nFrac = p->nDigit - 1;
+}
+}
+if( iExp>0 ){
+p->a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, (sqlite3_int64)p->nDigit
++ (sqlite3_int64)iExp + 1 );
+if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
+memmove(p->a+iExp, p->a, p->nDigit);
+memset(p->a, 0, iExp);
+p->nDigit += iExp;
+p->nFrac += iExp;
+}
+}
+if( p->sign ){
+for(i=0; i<p->nDigit && p->a[i]==0; i++){}
+if( i>=p->nDigit ) p->sign = 0;
+}
+return p;
+new_from_text_failed:
+if( p ){
+if( p->a ) sqlite3_free(p->a);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/* Forward reference */
+static Decimal *decimalFromDouble(double);
+/*
+** Allocate a new Decimal object from an sqlite3_value.  Return a pointer
+** to the new object, or NULL if there is an error.  If the pCtx argument
+** is not NULL, then errors are reported on it as well.
+**
+** If the pIn argument is SQLITE_TEXT or SQLITE_INTEGER, it is converted
+** directly into a Decimal.  For SQLITE_FLOAT or for SQLITE_BLOB of length
+** 8 bytes, the resulting double value is expanded into its decimal equivalent.
+** If pIn is NULL or if it is a BLOB that is not exactly 8 bytes in length,
+** then NULL is returned.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimal_new(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,       /* Report error here, if not null */
+sqlite3_value *pIn,          /* Construct the decimal object from this */
+int bTextOnly                /* Always interpret pIn as text if true */
+){
+Decimal *p = 0;
+int eType = sqlite3_value_type(pIn);
+if( bTextOnly && (eType==SQLITE_FLOAT || eType==SQLITE_BLOB) ){
+eType = SQLITE_TEXT;
+}
+switch( eType ){
+case SQLITE_TEXT:
+case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pIn);
+int n = sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn);
+p = decimalNewFromText(zIn, n);
+if( p==0 ) goto new_failed;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+p = decimalFromDouble(sqlite3_value_double(pIn));
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+const unsigned char *x;
+unsigned int i;
+sqlite3_uint64 v = 0;
+double r;
+if( sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn)!=sizeof(r) ) break;
+x = sqlite3_value_blob(pIn);
+for(i=0; i<sizeof(r); i++){
+v = (v<<8) | x[i];
+}
+memcpy(&r, &v, sizeof(r));
+p = decimalFromDouble(r);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_NULL: {
+break;
+}
+}
+return p;
+new_failed:
+if( pCtx ) sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Make the given Decimal the result.
+*/
+static void decimal_result(sqlite3_context *pCtx, Decimal *p){
+char *z;
+int i, j;
+int n;
+if( p==0 || p->oom ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+if( p->isNull ){
+sqlite3_result_null(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+z = sqlite3_malloc64( (sqlite3_int64)p->nDigit+4 );
+if( z==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+i = 0;
+if( p->nDigit==0 || (p->nDigit==1 && p->a[0]==0) ){
+p->sign = 0;
+}
+if( p->sign ){
+z[0] = '-';
+i = 1;
+}
+n = p->nDigit - p->nFrac;
+if( n<=0 ){
+z[i++] = '0';
+}
+j = 0;
+while( n>1 && p->a[j]==0 ){
+j++;
+n--;
+}
+while( n>0  ){
+z[i++] = p->a[j] + '0';
+j++;
+n--;
+}
+if( p->nFrac ){
+z[i++] = '.';
+do{
+z[i++] = p->a[j] + '0';
+j++;
+}while( j<p->nDigit );
+}
+z[i] = 0;
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, i, sqlite3_free);
+}
+/*
+** Make the given Decimal the result in an format similar to  '%+#e'.
+** In other words, show exponential notation with leading and trailing
+** zeros omitted.
+*/
+static void decimal_result_sci(sqlite3_context *pCtx, Decimal *p){
+char *z;       /* The output buffer */
+int i;         /* Loop counter */
+int nZero;     /* Number of leading zeros */
+int nDigit;    /* Number of digits not counting trailing zeros */
+int nFrac;     /* Digits to the right of the decimal point */
+int exp;       /* Exponent value */
+signed char zero;     /* Zero value */
+signed char *a;       /* Array of digits */
+if( p==0 || p->oom ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+if( p->isNull ){
+sqlite3_result_null(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+for(nDigit=p->nDigit; nDigit>0 && p->a[nDigit-1]==0; nDigit--){}
+for(nZero=0; nZero<nDigit && p->a[nZero]==0; nZero++){}
+nFrac = p->nFrac + (nDigit - p->nDigit);
+nDigit -= nZero;
+z = sqlite3_malloc64( (sqlite3_int64)nDigit+20 );
+if( z==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+if( nDigit==0 ){
+zero = 0;
+a = &zero;
+nDigit = 1;
+nFrac = 0;
+}else{
+a = &p->a[nZero];
+}
+if( p->sign && nDigit>0 ){
+z[0] = '-';
+}else{
+z[0] = '+';
+}
+z[1] = a[0]+'0';
+z[2] = '.';
+if( nDigit==1 ){
+z[3] = '0';
+i = 4;
+}else{
+for(i=1; i<nDigit; i++){
+z[2+i] = a[i]+'0';
+}
+i = nDigit+2;
+}
+exp = nDigit - nFrac - 1;
+sqlite3_snprintf(nDigit+20-i, &z[i], "e%+03d", exp);
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, sqlite3_free);
+}
+/*
+** Compare to Decimal objects.  Return negative, 0, or positive if the
+** first object is less than, equal to, or greater than the second.
+**
+** Preconditions for this routine:
+**
+**    pA!=0
+**    pA->isNull==0
+**    pB!=0
+**    pB->isNull==0
+*/
+static int decimal_cmp(Decimal *pA, Decimal *pB){
+int nASig, nBSig, rc, n;
+while( pA->nFrac>0 && pA->a[pA->nDigit-1]==0 ){
+pA->nDigit--;
+pA->nFrac--;
+}
+while( pB->nFrac>0 && pB->a[pB->nDigit-1]==0 ){
+pB->nDigit--;
+pB->nFrac--;
+}
+if( pA->sign!=pB->sign ){
+return pA->sign ? -1 : +1;
+}
+if( pA->sign ){
+Decimal *pTemp = pA;
+pA = pB;
+pB = pTemp;
+}
+nASig = pA->nDigit - pA->nFrac;
+nBSig = pB->nDigit - pB->nFrac;
+if( nASig!=nBSig ){
+return nASig - nBSig;
+}
+n = pA->nDigit;
+if( n>pB->nDigit ) n = pB->nDigit;
+rc = memcmp(pA->a, pB->a, n);
+if( rc==0 ){
+rc = pA->nDigit - pB->nDigit;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal_cmp(X, Y)
+**
+** Return negative, zero, or positive if X is less then, equal to, or
+** greater than Y.
+*/
+static void decimalCmpFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *pA = 0, *pB = 0;
+int rc;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+if( pA==0 || pA->isNull ) goto cmp_done;
+pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
+if( pB==0 || pB->isNull ) goto cmp_done;
+rc = decimal_cmp(pA, pB);
+if( rc<0 ) rc = -1;
+else if( rc>0 ) rc = +1;
+sqlite3_result_int(context, rc);
+cmp_done:
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pB);
+}
+/*
+** Expand the Decimal so that it has a least nDigit digits and nFrac
+** digits to the right of the decimal point.
+*/
+static void decimal_expand(Decimal *p, int nDigit, int nFrac){
+int nAddSig;
+int nAddFrac;
+if( p==0 ) return;
+nAddFrac = nFrac - p->nFrac;
+nAddSig = (nDigit - p->nDigit) - nAddFrac;
+if( nAddFrac==0 && nAddSig==0 ) return;
+p->a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, nDigit+1);
+if( p->a==0 ){
+p->oom = 1;
+return;
+}
+if( nAddSig ){
+memmove(p->a+nAddSig, p->a, p->nDigit);
+memset(p->a, 0, nAddSig);
+p->nDigit += nAddSig;
+}
+if( nAddFrac ){
+memset(p->a+p->nDigit, 0, nAddFrac);
+p->nDigit += nAddFrac;
+p->nFrac += nAddFrac;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Add the value pB into pA.   A := A + B.
+**
+** Both pA and pB might become denormalized by this routine.
+*/
+static void decimal_add(Decimal *pA, Decimal *pB){
+int nSig, nFrac, nDigit;
+int i, rc;
+if( pA==0 ){
+return;
+}
+if( pA->oom || pB==0 || pB->oom ){
+pA->oom = 1;
+return;
+}
+if( pA->isNull || pB->isNull ){
+pA->isNull = 1;
+return;
+}
+nSig = pA->nDigit - pA->nFrac;
+if( nSig && pA->a[0]==0 ) nSig--;
+if( nSig<pB->nDigit-pB->nFrac ){
+nSig = pB->nDigit - pB->nFrac;
+}
+nFrac = pA->nFrac;
+if( nFrac<pB->nFrac ) nFrac = pB->nFrac;
+nDigit = nSig + nFrac + 1;
+decimal_expand(pA, nDigit, nFrac);
+decimal_expand(pB, nDigit, nFrac);
+if( pA->oom || pB->oom ){
+pA->oom = 1;
+}else{
+if( pA->sign==pB->sign ){
+int carry = 0;
+for(i=nDigit-1; i>=0; i--){
+int x = pA->a[i] + pB->a[i] + carry;
+if( x>=10 ){
+carry = 1;
+pA->a[i] = x - 10;
+}else{
+carry = 0;
+pA->a[i] = x;
+}
+}
+}else{
+signed char *aA, *aB;
+int borrow = 0;
+rc = memcmp(pA->a, pB->a, nDigit);
+if( rc<0 ){
+aA = pB->a;
+aB = pA->a;
+pA->sign = !pA->sign;
+}else{
+aA = pA->a;
+aB = pB->a;
+}
+for(i=nDigit-1; i>=0; i--){
+int x = aA[i] - aB[i] - borrow;
+if( x<0 ){
+pA->a[i] = x+10;
+borrow = 1;
+}else{
+pA->a[i] = x;
+borrow = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Multiply A by B.   A := A * B
+**
+** All significant digits after the decimal point are retained.
+** Trailing zeros after the decimal point are omitted as long as
+** the number of digits after the decimal point is no less than
+** either the number of digits in either input.
+*/
+static void decimalMul(Decimal *pA, Decimal *pB){
+signed char *acc = 0;
+int i, j, k;
+int minFrac;
+if( pA==0 || pA->oom || pA->isNull
+|| pB==0 || pB->oom || pB->isNull
+){
+goto mul_end;
+}
+acc = sqlite3_malloc64( (sqlite3_int64)pA->nDigit +
+(sqlite3_int64)pB->nDigit + 2 );
+if( acc==0 ){
+pA->oom = 1;
+goto mul_end;
+}
+memset(acc, 0, pA->nDigit + pB->nDigit + 2);
+minFrac = pA->nFrac;
+if( pB->nFrac<minFrac ) minFrac = pB->nFrac;
+for(i=pA->nDigit-1; i>=0; i--){
+signed char f = pA->a[i];
+int carry = 0, x;
+for(j=pB->nDigit-1, k=i+j+3; j>=0; j--, k--){
+x = acc[k] + f*pB->a[j] + carry;
+acc[k] = x%10;
+carry = x/10;
+}
+x = acc[k] + carry;
+acc[k] = x%10;
+acc[k-1] += x/10;
+}
+sqlite3_free(pA->a);
+pA->a = acc;
+acc = 0;
+pA->nDigit += pB->nDigit + 2;
+pA->nFrac += pB->nFrac;
+pA->sign ^= pB->sign;
+while( pA->nFrac>minFrac && pA->a[pA->nDigit-1]==0 ){
+pA->nFrac--;
+pA->nDigit--;
+}
+mul_end:
+sqlite3_free(acc);
+}
+/*
+** Create a new Decimal object that contains an integer power of 2.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimalPow2(int N){
+Decimal *pA = 0;      /* The result to be returned */
+Decimal *pX = 0;      /* Multiplier */
+if( N<-20000 || N>20000 ) goto pow2_fault;
+pA = decimalNewFromText("1.0", 3);
+if( pA==0 || pA->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+if( N==0 ) return pA;
+if( N>0 ){
+pX = decimalNewFromText("2.0", 3);
+}else{
+N = -N;
+pX = decimalNewFromText("0.5", 3);
+}
+if( pX==0 || pX->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+while( 1 /* Exit by break */ ){
+if( N & 1 ){
+decimalMul(pA, pX);
+if( pA->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+}
+N >>= 1;
+if( N==0 ) break;
+decimalMul(pX, pX);
+}
+decimal_free(pX);
+return pA;
+pow2_fault:
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pX);
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Use an IEEE754 binary64 ("double") to generate a new Decimal object.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimalFromDouble(double r){
+sqlite3_int64 m, a;
+int e;
+int isNeg;
+Decimal *pA;
+Decimal *pX;
+char zNum[100];
+if( r<0.0 ){
+isNeg = 1;
+r = -r;
+}else{
+isNeg = 0;
+}
+memcpy(&a,&r,sizeof(a));
+if( a==0 || a==(sqlite3_int64)0x8000000000000000LL){
+e = 0;
+m = 0;
+}else{
+e = a>>52;
+m = a & ((((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52)-1);
+if( e==0 ){
+m <<= 1;
+}else{
+m |= ((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52;
+}
+while( e<1075 && m>0 && (m&1)==0 ){
+m >>= 1;
+e++;
+}
+if( isNeg ) m = -m;
+e = e - 1075;
+if( e>971 ){
+return 0;  /* A NaN or an Infinity */
+}
+}
+/* At this point m is the integer significand and e is the exponent */
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zNum), zNum, "%lld", m);
+pA = decimalNewFromText(zNum, (int)strlen(zNum));
+pX = decimalPow2(e);
+decimalMul(pA, pX);
+decimal_free(pX);
+return pA;
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal(X)
+** OR:             decimal_exp(X)
+**
+** Convert input X into decimal and then back into text.
+**
+** If X is originally a float, then a full decimal expansion of that floating
+** point value is done.  Or if X is an 8-byte blob, it is interpreted
+** as a float and similarly expanded.
+**
+** The decimal_exp(X) function returns the result in exponential notation.
+** decimal(X) returns a complete decimal, without the e+NNN at the end.
+*/
+static void decimalFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *p =  decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( p ){
+if( sqlite3_user_data(context)!=0 ){
+decimal_result_sci(context, p);
+}else{
+decimal_result(context, p);
+}
+decimal_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Compare text in decimal order.
+*/
+static int decimalCollFunc(
+void *notUsed,
+int nKey1, const void *pKey1,
+int nKey2, const void *pKey2
+){
+const unsigned char *zA = (const unsigned char*)pKey1;
+const unsigned char *zB = (const unsigned char*)pKey2;
+Decimal *pA = decimalNewFromText((const char*)zA, nKey1);
+Decimal *pB = decimalNewFromText((const char*)zB, nKey2);
+int rc;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(notUsed);
+if( pA==0 || pB==0 ){
+rc = 0;
+}else{
+rc = decimal_cmp(pA, pB);
+}
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pB);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal_add(X, Y)
+**                 decimal_sub(X, Y)
+**
+** Return the sum or difference of X and Y.
+*/
+static void decimalAddFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+decimal_add(pA, pB);
+decimal_result(context, pA);
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pB);
+}
+static void decimalSubFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( pB ){
+pB->sign = !pB->sign;
+decimal_add(pA, pB);
+decimal_result(context, pA);
+}
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pB);
+}
+/* Aggregate function:   decimal_sum(X)
+**
+** Works like sum() except that it uses decimal arithmetic for unlimited
+** precision.
+*/
+static void decimalSumStep(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *p;
+Decimal *pArg;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( !p->isInit ){
+p->isInit = 1;
+p->a = sqlite3_malloc(2);
+if( p->a==0 ){
+p->oom = 1;
+}else{
+p->a[0] = 0;
+}
+p->nDigit = 1;
+p->nFrac = 0;
+}
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
+pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+decimal_add(p, pArg);
+decimal_free(pArg);
+}
+static void decimalSumInverse(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *p;
+Decimal *pArg;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
+pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+if( pArg ) pArg->sign = !pArg->sign;
+decimal_add(p, pArg);
+decimal_free(pArg);
+}
+static void decimalSumValue(sqlite3_context *context){
+Decimal *p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
+if( p==0 ) return;
+decimal_result(context, p);
+}
+static void decimalSumFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
+Decimal *p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
+if( p==0 ) return;
+decimal_result(context, p);
+decimal_clear(p);
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal_mul(X, Y)
+**
+** Return the product of X and Y.
+*/
+static void decimalMulFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( pA==0 || pA->oom || pA->isNull
+|| pB==0 || pB->oom || pB->isNull
+){
+goto mul_end;
+}
+decimalMul(pA, pB);
+if( pA->oom ){
+goto mul_end;
+}
+decimal_result(context, pA);
+mul_end:
+decimal_free(pA);
+decimal_free(pB);
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal_pow2(N)
+**
+** Return the N-th power of 2.  N must be an integer.
+*/
+static void decimalPow2Func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+Decimal *pA = decimalPow2(sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]));
+decimal_result_sci(context, pA);
+decimal_free(pA);
+}
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_decimal_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+static const struct {
+const char *zFuncName;
+int nArg;
+int iArg;
+void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
+} aFunc[] = {
+{ "decimal",       1, 0,  decimalFunc        },
+{ "decimal_exp",   1, 1,  decimalFunc        },
+{ "decimal_cmp",   2, 0,  decimalCmpFunc     },
+{ "decimal_add",   2, 0,  decimalAddFunc     },
+{ "decimal_sub",   2, 0,  decimalSubFunc     },
+{ "decimal_mul",   2, 0,  decimalMulFunc     },
+{ "decimal_pow2",  1, 0,  decimalPow2Func    },
+};
+unsigned int i;
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+for(i=0; i<(int)(sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0])) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[i].zFuncName, aFunc[i].nArg,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+aFunc[i].iArg ? db : 0, aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_window_function(db, "decimal_sum", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, 0,
+decimalSumStep, decimalSumFinalize,
+decimalSumValue, decimalSumInverse, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_collation(db, "decimal", SQLITE_UTF8,
+0, decimalCollFunc);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/decimal.c ********************/
+#undef sqlite3_base_init
+#define sqlite3_base_init sqlite3_base64_init
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/base64.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2022-11-18
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This is a SQLite extension for converting in either direction
+** between a (binary) blob and base64 text. Base64 can transit a
+** sane USASCII channel unmolested. It also plays nicely in CSV or
+** written as TCL brace-enclosed literals or SQL string literals,
+** and can be used unmodified in XML-like documents.
+**
+** This is an independent implementation of conversions specified in
+** RFC 4648, done on the above date by the author (Larry Brasfield)
+** who thereby has the right to put this into the public domain.
+**
+** The conversions meet RFC 4648 requirements, provided that this
+** C source specifies that line-feeds are included in the encoded
+** data to limit visible line lengths to 72 characters and to
+** terminate any encoded blob having non-zero length.
+**
+** Length limitations are not imposed except that the runtime
+** SQLite string or blob length limits are respected. Otherwise,
+** any length binary sequence can be represented and recovered.
+** Generated base64 sequences, with their line-feeds included,
+** can be concatenated; the result converted back to binary will
+** be the concatenation of the represented binary sequences.
+**
+** This SQLite3 extension creates a function, base64(x), which
+** either: converts text x containing base64 to a returned blob;
+** or converts a blob x to returned text containing base64. An
+** error will be thrown for other input argument types.
+**
+** This code relies on UTF-8 encoding only with respect to the
+** meaning of the first 128 (7-bit) codes matching that of USASCII.
+** It will fail miserably if somehow made to try to convert EBCDIC.
+** Because it is table-driven, it could be enhanced to handle that,
+** but the world and SQLite have moved on from that anachronism.
+**
+** To build the extension:
+** Set shell variable SQDIR=<your favorite SQLite checkout directory>
+** *Nix: gcc -O2 -shared -I$SQDIR -fPIC -o base64.so base64.c
+** OSX: gcc -O2 -dynamiclib -fPIC -I$SQDIR -o base64.dylib base64.c
+** Win32: gcc -O2 -shared -I%SQDIR% -o base64.dll base64.c
+** Win32: cl /Os -I%SQDIR% base64.c -link -dll -out:base64.dll
+*/
+#include <assert.h>
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+#ifndef deliberate_fall_through
+/* Quiet some compilers about some of our intentional code. */
+# if GCC_VERSION>=7000000
+#  define deliberate_fall_through __attribute__((fallthrough));
+# else
+#  define deliberate_fall_through
+# endif
+#endif
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1;
+#define PC 0x80 /* pad character */
+#define WS 0x81 /* whitespace */
+#define ND 0x82 /* Not above or digit-value */
+#define PAD_CHAR '='
+#ifndef U8_TYPEDEF
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+#define U8_TYPEDEF
+#endif
+/* Decoding table, ASCII (7-bit) value to base 64 digit value or other */
+static const u8 b64DigitValues[128] = {
+/*                             HT LF VT  FF CR       */
+ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,WS,WS,WS, WS,WS,ND,ND,
+/*                                                US */
+ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND,
+/*sp                                  +            / */
+WS,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND, ND,ND,ND,62, ND,ND,ND,63,
+/* 0  1            5            9            =       */
+52,53,54,55, 56,57,58,59, 60,61,ND,ND, ND,PC,ND,ND,
+/*    A                                            O */
+ND, 0, 1, 2,  3, 4, 5, 6,  7, 8, 9,10, 11,12,13,14,
+/* P                               Z                 */
+15,16,17,18, 19,20,21,22, 23,24,25,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND,
+/*    a                                            o */
+ND,26,27,28, 29,30,31,32, 33,34,35,36, 37,38,39,40,
+/* p                               z                 */
+41,42,43,44, 45,46,47,48, 49,50,51,ND, ND,ND,ND,ND
+};
+static const char b64Numerals[64+1]
+= "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+#define BX_DV_PROTO(c) \
+((((u8)(c))<0x80)? (u8)(b64DigitValues[(u8)(c)]) : 0x80)
+#define IS_BX_DIGIT(bdp) (((u8)(bdp))<0x80)
+#define IS_BX_WS(bdp) ((bdp)==WS)
+#define IS_BX_PAD(bdp) ((bdp)==PC)
+#define BX_NUMERAL(dv) (b64Numerals[(u8)(dv)])
+/* Width of base64 lines. Should be an integer multiple of 4. */
+#define B64_DARK_MAX 72
+/* Encode a byte buffer into base64 text with linefeeds appended to limit
+** encoded group lengths to B64_DARK_MAX or to terminate the last group.
+*/
+static char* toBase64( u8 *pIn, int nbIn, char *pOut ){
+int nCol = 0;
+while( nbIn >= 3 ){
+/* Do the bit-shuffle, exploiting unsigned input to avoid masking. */
+pOut[0] = BX_NUMERAL(pIn[0]>>2);
+pOut[1] = BX_NUMERAL(((pIn[0]<<4)|(pIn[1]>>4))&0x3f);
+pOut[2] = BX_NUMERAL(((pIn[1]&0xf)<<2)|(pIn[2]>>6));
+pOut[3] = BX_NUMERAL(pIn[2]&0x3f);
+pOut += 4;
+nbIn -= 3;
+pIn += 3;
+if( (nCol += 4)>=B64_DARK_MAX || nbIn<=0 ){
+*pOut++ = '\n';
+nCol = 0;
+}
+}
+if( nbIn > 0 ){
+signed char nco = nbIn+1;
+int nbe;
+unsigned long qv = *pIn++;
+for( nbe=1; nbe<3; ++nbe ){
+qv <<= 8;
+if( nbe<nbIn ) qv |= *pIn++;
+}
+for( nbe=3; nbe>=0; --nbe ){
+char ce = (nbe<nco)? BX_NUMERAL((u8)(qv & 0x3f)) : PAD_CHAR;
+qv >>= 6;
+pOut[nbe] = ce;
+}
+pOut += 4;
+*pOut++ = '\n';
+}
+*pOut = 0;
+return pOut;
+}
+/* Skip over text which is not base64 numeral(s). */
+static char * skipNonB64( char *s, int nc ){
+char c;
+while( nc-- > 0 && (c = *s) && !IS_BX_DIGIT(BX_DV_PROTO(c)) ) ++s;
+return s;
+}
+/* Decode base64 text into a byte buffer. */
+static u8* fromBase64( char *pIn, int ncIn, u8 *pOut ){
+if( ncIn>0 && pIn[ncIn-1]=='\n' ) --ncIn;
+while( ncIn>0 && *pIn!=PAD_CHAR ){
+static signed char nboi[] = { 0, 0, 1, 2, 3 };
+char *pUse = skipNonB64(pIn, ncIn);
+unsigned long qv = 0L;
+int nti, nbo, nac;
+ncIn -= (pUse - pIn);
+pIn = pUse;
+nti = (ncIn>4)? 4 : ncIn;
+ncIn -= nti;
+nbo = nboi[nti];
+if( nbo==0 ) break;
+for( nac=0; nac<4; ++nac ){
+char c = (nac<nti)? *pIn++ : b64Numerals[0];
+u8 bdp = BX_DV_PROTO(c);
+switch( bdp ){
+case ND:
+/*  Treat dark non-digits as pad, but they terminate decode too. */
+ncIn = 0;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case WS:
+/* Treat whitespace as pad and terminate this group.*/
+nti = nac;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case PC:
+bdp = 0;
+--nbo;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+default: /* bdp is the digit value. */
+qv = qv<<6 | bdp;
+break;
+}
+}
+switch( nbo ){
+case 3:
+pOut[2] = (qv) & 0xff;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case 2:
+pOut[1] = (qv>>8) & 0xff;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case 1:
+pOut[0] = (qv>>16) & 0xff;
+break;
+}
+pOut += nbo;
+}
+return pOut;
+}
+/* This function does the work for the SQLite base64(x) UDF. */
+static void base64(sqlite3_context *context, int na, sqlite3_value *av[]){
+sqlite3_int64 nb;
+sqlite3_int64 nv = sqlite3_value_bytes(av[0]);
+sqlite3_int64 nc;
+int nvMax = sqlite3_limit(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context),
+SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, -1);
+char *cBuf;
+u8 *bBuf;
+assert(na==1);
+switch( sqlite3_value_type(av[0]) ){
+case SQLITE_BLOB:
+nb = nv;
+nc = 4*((nv+2)/3); /* quads needed */
+nc += (nc+(B64_DARK_MAX-1))/B64_DARK_MAX + 1; /* LFs and a 0-terminator */
+if( nvMax < nc ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "blob expanded to base64 too big", -1);
+return;
+}
+bBuf = (u8*)sqlite3_value_blob(av[0]);
+if( !bBuf ){
+if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)) ){
+goto memFail;
+}
+sqlite3_result_text(context,"",-1,SQLITE_STATIC);
+break;
+}
+cBuf = sqlite3_malloc(nc);
+if( !cBuf ) goto memFail;
+nc = (int)(toBase64(bBuf, nb, cBuf) - cBuf);
+sqlite3_result_text(context, cBuf, nc, sqlite3_free);
+break;
+case SQLITE_TEXT:
+nc = nv;
+nb = 3*((nv+3)/4); /* may overestimate due to LF and padding */
+if( nvMax < nb ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "blob from base64 may be too big", -1);
+return;
+}else if( nb<1 ){
+nb = 1;
+}
+cBuf = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(av[0]);
+if( !cBuf ){
+if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)) ){
+goto memFail;
+}
+sqlite3_result_zeroblob(context, 0);
+break;
+}
+bBuf = sqlite3_malloc(nb);
+if( !bBuf ) goto memFail;
+nb = (int)(fromBase64(cBuf, nc, bBuf) - bBuf);
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, bBuf, nb, sqlite3_free);
+break;
+default:
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "base64 accepts only blob or text", -1);
+return;
+}
+return;
+memFail:
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "base64 OOM", -1);
+}
+/*
+** Establish linkage to running SQLite library.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_base_init
+#else
+static int sqlite3_base64_init
+#endif
+(sqlite3 *db, char **pzErr, const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi){
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErr;
+return sqlite3_create_function
+(db, "base64", 1,
+SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY|SQLITE_UTF8,
+0, base64, 0, 0);
+}
+/*
+** Define some macros to allow this extension to be built into the shell
+** conveniently, in conjunction with use of SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS. This
+** allows shell.c, as distributed, to have this extension built in.
+*/
+#define BASE64_INIT(db) sqlite3_base64_init(db, 0, 0)
+#define BASE64_EXPOSE(db, pzErr) /* Not needed, ..._init() does this. */
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/base64.c ********************/
+#undef sqlite3_base_init
+#define sqlite3_base_init sqlite3_base85_init
+#define OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/base85.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2022-11-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This is a utility for converting binary to base85 or vice-versa.
+** It can be built as a standalone program or an SQLite3 extension.
+**
+** Much like base64 representations, base85 can be sent through a
+** sane USASCII channel unmolested. It also plays nicely in CSV or
+** written as TCL brace-enclosed literals or SQL string literals.
+** It is not suited for unmodified use in XML-like documents.
+**
+** The encoding used resembles Ascii85, but was devised by the author
+** (Larry Brasfield) before Mozilla, Adobe, ZMODEM or other Ascii85
+** variant sources existed, in the 1984 timeframe on a VAX mainframe.
+** Further, this is an independent implementation of a base85 system.
+** Hence, the author has rightfully put this into the public domain.
+**
+** Base85 numerals are taken from the set of 7-bit USASCII codes,
+** excluding control characters and Space ! " ' ( ) { | } ~ Del
+** in code order representing digit values 0 to 84 (base 10.)
+**
+** Groups of 4 bytes, interpreted as big-endian 32-bit values,
+** are represented as 5-digit base85 numbers with MS to LS digit
+** order. Groups of 1-3 bytes are represented with 2-4 digits,
+** still big-endian but 8-24 bit values. (Using big-endian yields
+** the simplest transition to byte groups smaller than 4 bytes.
+** These byte groups can also be considered base-256 numbers.)
+** Groups of 0 bytes are represented with 0 digits and vice-versa.
+** No pad characters are used; Encoded base85 numeral sequence
+** (aka "group") length maps 1-to-1 to the decoded binary length.
+**
+** Any character not in the base85 numeral set delimits groups.
+** When base85 is streamed or stored in containers of indefinite
+** size, newline is used to separate it into sub-sequences of no
+** more than 80 digits so that fgets() can be used to read it.
+**
+** Length limitations are not imposed except that the runtime
+** SQLite string or blob length limits are respected. Otherwise,
+** any length binary sequence can be represented and recovered.
+** Base85 sequences can be concatenated by separating them with
+** a non-base85 character; the conversion to binary will then
+** be the concatenation of the represented binary sequences.
+** The standalone program either converts base85 on stdin to create
+** a binary file or converts a binary file to base85 on stdout.
+** Read or make it blurt its help for invocation details.
+**
+** The SQLite3 extension creates a function, base85(x), which will
+** either convert text base85 to a blob or a blob to text base85
+** and return the result (or throw an error for other types.)
+** Unless built with OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER defined, it also creates a
+** function, is_base85(t), which returns 1 iff the text t contains
+** nothing other than base85 numerals and whitespace, or 0 otherwise.
+**
+** To build the extension:
+** Set shell variable SQDIR=<your favorite SQLite checkout directory>
+** and variable OPTS to -DOMIT_BASE85_CHECKER if is_base85() unwanted.
+** *Nix: gcc -O2 -shared -I$SQDIR $OPTS -fPIC -o base85.so base85.c
+** OSX: gcc -O2 -dynamiclib -fPIC -I$SQDIR $OPTS -o base85.dylib base85.c
+** Win32: gcc -O2 -shared -I%SQDIR% %OPTS% -o base85.dll base85.c
+** Win32: cl /Os -I%SQDIR% %OPTS% base85.c -link -dll -out:base85.dll
+**
+** To build the standalone program, define PP symbol BASE85_STANDALONE. Eg.
+** *Nix or OSX: gcc -O2 -DBASE85_STANDALONE base85.c -o base85
+** Win32: gcc -O2 -DBASE85_STANDALONE -o base85.exe base85.c
+** Win32: cl /Os /MD -DBASE85_STANDALONE base85.c
+*/
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <memory.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+# include <ctype.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef BASE85_STANDALONE
+/* # include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1;
+#else
+# ifdef _WIN32
+#  include <io.h>
+#  include <fcntl.h>
+# else
+#  define setmode(fd,m)
+# endif
+static char *zHelp =
+"Usage: base85 <dirFlag> <binFile>\n"
+" <dirFlag> is either -r to read or -w to write <binFile>,\n"
+"   content to be converted to/from base85 on stdout/stdin.\n"
+" <binFile> names a binary file to be rendered or created.\n"
+"   Or, the name '-' refers to the stdin or stdout stream.\n"
+;
+static void sayHelp(){
+printf("%s", zHelp);
+}
+#endif
+#ifndef U8_TYPEDEF
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+#define U8_TYPEDEF
+#endif
+/* Classify c according to interval within USASCII set w.r.t. base85
+* Values of 1 and 3 are base85 numerals. Values of 0, 2, or 4 are not.
+*/
+#define B85_CLASS( c ) (((c)>='#')+((c)>'&')+((c)>='*')+((c)>'z'))
+/* Provide digitValue to b85Numeral offset as a function of above class. */
+static u8 b85_cOffset[] = { 0, '#', 0, '*'-4, 0 };
+#define B85_DNOS( c ) b85_cOffset[B85_CLASS(c)]
+/* Say whether c is a base85 numeral. */
+#define IS_B85( c ) (B85_CLASS(c) & 1)
+#if 0 /* Not used, */
+static u8 base85DigitValue( char c ){
+u8 dv = (u8)(c - '#');
+if( dv>87 ) return 0xff;
+return (dv > 3)? dv-3 : dv;
+}
+#endif
+/* Width of base64 lines. Should be an integer multiple of 5. */
+#define B85_DARK_MAX 80
+static char * skipNonB85( char *s, int nc ){
+char c;
+while( nc-- > 0 && (c = *s) && !IS_B85(c) ) ++s;
+return s;
+}
+/* Convert small integer, known to be in 0..84 inclusive, to base85 numeral.
+* Do not use the macro form with argument expression having a side-effect.*/
+#if 0
+static char base85Numeral( u8 b ){
+return (b < 4)? (char)(b + '#') : (char)(b - 4 + '*');
+}
+#else
+# define base85Numeral( dn )\
+((char)(((dn) < 4)? (char)((dn) + '#') : (char)((dn) - 4 + '*')))
+#endif
+static char *putcs(char *pc, char *s){
+char c;
+while( (c = *s++)!=0 ) *pc++ = c;
+return pc;
+}
+/* Encode a byte buffer into base85 text. If pSep!=0, it's a C string
+** to be appended to encoded groups to limit their length to B85_DARK_MAX
+** or to terminate the last group (to aid concatenation.)
+*/
+static char* toBase85( u8 *pIn, int nbIn, char *pOut, char *pSep ){
+int nCol = 0;
+while( nbIn >= 4 ){
+int nco = 5;
+unsigned long qbv = (((unsigned long)pIn[0])<<24) |
+(pIn[1]<<16) | (pIn[2]<<8) | pIn[3];
+while( nco > 0 ){
+unsigned nqv = (unsigned)(qbv/85UL);
+unsigned char dv = qbv - 85UL*nqv;
+qbv = nqv;
+pOut[--nco] = base85Numeral(dv);
+}
+nbIn -= 4;
+pIn += 4;
+pOut += 5;
+if( pSep && (nCol += 5)>=B85_DARK_MAX ){
+pOut = putcs(pOut, pSep);
+nCol = 0;
+}
+}
+if( nbIn > 0 ){
+int nco = nbIn + 1;
+unsigned long qv = *pIn++;
+int nbe = 1;
+while( nbe++ < nbIn ){
+qv = (qv<<8) | *pIn++;
+}
+nCol += nco;
+while( nco > 0 ){
+u8 dv = (u8)(qv % 85);
+qv /= 85;
+pOut[--nco] = base85Numeral(dv);
+}
+pOut += (nbIn+1);
+}
+if( pSep && nCol>0 ) pOut = putcs(pOut, pSep);
+*pOut = 0;
+return pOut;
+}
+/* Decode base85 text into a byte buffer. */
+static u8* fromBase85( char *pIn, int ncIn, u8 *pOut ){
+if( ncIn>0 && pIn[ncIn-1]=='\n' ) --ncIn;
+while( ncIn>0 ){
+static signed char nboi[] = { 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 };
+char *pUse = skipNonB85(pIn, ncIn);
+unsigned long qv = 0L;
+int nti, nbo;
+ncIn -= (pUse - pIn);
+pIn = pUse;
+nti = (ncIn>5)? 5 : ncIn;
+nbo = nboi[nti];
+if( nbo==0 ) break;
+while( nti>0 ){
+char c = *pIn++;
+u8 cdo = B85_DNOS(c);
+--ncIn;
+if( cdo==0 ) break;
+qv = 85 * qv + (c - cdo);
+--nti;
+}
+nbo -= nti; /* Adjust for early (non-digit) end of group. */
+switch( nbo ){
+case 4:
+*pOut++ = (qv >> 24)&0xff;
+/* FALLTHRU */
+case 3:
+*pOut++ = (qv >> 16)&0xff;
+/* FALLTHRU */
+case 2:
+*pOut++ = (qv >> 8)&0xff;
+/* FALLTHRU */
+case 1:
+*pOut++ = qv&0xff;
+/* FALLTHRU */
+case 0:
+break;
+}
+}
+return pOut;
+}
+#ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+/* Say whether input char sequence is all (base85 and/or whitespace).*/
+static int allBase85( char *p, int len ){
+char c;
+while( len-- > 0 && (c = *p++) != 0 ){
+if( !IS_B85(c) && !isspace(c) ) return 0;
+}
+return 1;
+}
+#endif
+#ifndef BASE85_STANDALONE
+# ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+/* This function does the work for the SQLite is_base85(t) UDF. */
+static void is_base85(sqlite3_context *context, int na, sqlite3_value *av[]){
+assert(na==1);
+switch( sqlite3_value_type(av[0]) ){
+case SQLITE_TEXT:
+{
+int rv = allBase85( (char *)sqlite3_value_text(av[0]),
+sqlite3_value_bytes(av[0]) );
+sqlite3_result_int(context, rv);
+}
+break;
+case SQLITE_NULL:
+sqlite3_result_null(context);
+break;
+default:
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "is_base85 accepts only text or NULL", -1);
+return;
+}
+}
+# endif
+/* This function does the work for the SQLite base85(x) UDF. */
+static void base85(sqlite3_context *context, int na, sqlite3_value *av[]){
+sqlite3_int64 nb, nc, nv = sqlite3_value_bytes(av[0]);
+int nvMax = sqlite3_limit(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context),
+SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, -1);
+char *cBuf;
+u8 *bBuf;
+assert(na==1);
+switch( sqlite3_value_type(av[0]) ){
+case SQLITE_BLOB:
+nb = nv;
+/*    ulongs    tail   newlines  tailenc+nul*/
+nc = 5*(nv/4) + nv%4 + nv/64+1 + 2;
+if( nvMax < nc ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "blob expanded to base85 too big", -1);
+return;
+}
+bBuf = (u8*)sqlite3_value_blob(av[0]);
+if( !bBuf ){
+if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)) ){
+goto memFail;
+}
+sqlite3_result_text(context,"",-1,SQLITE_STATIC);
+break;
+}
+cBuf = sqlite3_malloc(nc);
+if( !cBuf ) goto memFail;
+nc = (int)(toBase85(bBuf, nb, cBuf, "\n") - cBuf);
+sqlite3_result_text(context, cBuf, nc, sqlite3_free);
+break;
+case SQLITE_TEXT:
+nc = nv;
+nb = 4*(nv/5) + nv%5; /* may overestimate */
+if( nvMax < nb ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "blob from base85 may be too big", -1);
+return;
+}else if( nb<1 ){
+nb = 1;
+}
+cBuf = (char *)sqlite3_value_text(av[0]);
+if( !cBuf ){
+if( SQLITE_NOMEM==sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)) ){
+goto memFail;
+}
+sqlite3_result_zeroblob(context, 0);
+break;
+}
+bBuf = sqlite3_malloc(nb);
+if( !bBuf ) goto memFail;
+nb = (int)(fromBase85(cBuf, nc, bBuf) - bBuf);
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, bBuf, nb, sqlite3_free);
+break;
+default:
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "base85 accepts only blob or text.", -1);
+return;
+}
+return;
+memFail:
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "base85 OOM", -1);
+}
+/*
+** Establish linkage to running SQLite library.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_base_init
+#else
+static int sqlite3_base85_init
+#endif
+(sqlite3 *db, char **pzErr, const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi){
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErr;
+# ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+{
+int rc = sqlite3_create_function
+(db, "is_base85", 1,
+SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_UTF8,
+0, is_base85, 0, 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+}
+# endif
+return sqlite3_create_function
+(db, "base85", 1,
+SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY|SQLITE_UTF8,
+0, base85, 0, 0);
+}
+/*
+** Define some macros to allow this extension to be built into the shell
+** conveniently, in conjunction with use of SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS. This
+** allows shell.c, as distributed, to have this extension built in.
+*/
+# define BASE85_INIT(db) sqlite3_base85_init(db, 0, 0)
+# define BASE85_EXPOSE(db, pzErr) /* Not needed, ..._init() does this. */
+#else /* standalone program */
+int main(int na, char *av[]){
+int cin;
+int rc = 0;
+u8 bBuf[4*(B85_DARK_MAX/5)];
+char cBuf[5*(sizeof(bBuf)/4)+2];
+size_t nio;
+# ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+int b85Clean = 1;
+# endif
+char rw;
+FILE *fb = 0, *foc = 0;
+char fmode[3] = "xb";
+if( na < 3 || av[1][0]!='-' || (rw = av[1][1])==0 || (rw!='r' && rw!='w') ){
+sayHelp();
+return 0;
+}
+fmode[0] = rw;
+if( av[2][0]=='-' && av[2][1]==0 ){
+switch( rw ){
+case 'r':
+fb = stdin;
+setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY);
+break;
+case 'w':
+fb = stdout;
+setmode(fileno(stdout), O_BINARY);
+break;
+}
+}else{
+fb = fopen(av[2], fmode);
+foc = fb;
+}
+if( !fb ){
+fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open %s for %c\n", av[2], rw);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+switch( rw ){
+case 'r':
+while( (nio = fread( bBuf, 1, sizeof(bBuf), fb))>0 ){
+toBase85( bBuf, (int)nio, cBuf, 0 );
+fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", cBuf);
+}
+break;
+case 'w':
+while( 0 != fgets(cBuf, sizeof(cBuf), stdin) ){
+int nc = strlen(cBuf);
+size_t nbo = fromBase85( cBuf, nc, bBuf ) - bBuf;
+if( 1 != fwrite(bBuf, nbo, 1, fb) ) rc = 1;
+# ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+b85Clean &= allBase85( cBuf, nc );
+# endif
+}
+break;
+default:
+sayHelp();
+rc = 1;
+}
+if( foc ) fclose(foc);
+}
+# ifndef OMIT_BASE85_CHECKER
+if( !b85Clean ){
+fprintf(stderr, "Base85 input had non-base85 dark or control content.\n");
+}
+# endif
+return rc;
+}
+#endif
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/base85.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/ieee754.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2013-04-17
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This SQLite extension implements functions for the exact display
+** and input of IEEE754 Binary64 floating-point numbers.
+**
+**   ieee754(X)
+**   ieee754(Y,Z)
+**
+** In the first form, the value X should be a floating-point number.
+** The function will return a string of the form 'ieee754(Y,Z)' where
+** Y and Z are integers such that X==Y*pow(2,Z).
+**
+** In the second form, Y and Z are integers which are the mantissa and
+** base-2 exponent of a new floating point number.  The function returns
+** a floating-point value equal to Y*pow(2,Z).
+**
+** Examples:
+**
+**     ieee754(2.0)             ->     'ieee754(2,0)'
+**     ieee754(45.25)           ->     'ieee754(181,-2)'
+**     ieee754(2, 0)            ->     2.0
+**     ieee754(181, -2)         ->     45.25
+**
+** Two additional functions break apart the one-argument ieee754()
+** result into separate integer values:
+**
+**     ieee754_mantissa(45.25)  ->     181
+**     ieee754_exponent(45.25)  ->     -2
+**
+** These functions convert binary64 numbers into blobs and back again.
+**
+**     ieee754_from_blob(x'3ff0000000000000')  ->  1.0
+**     ieee754_to_blob(1.0)                    ->  x'3ff0000000000000'
+**
+** In all single-argument functions, if the argument is an 8-byte blob
+** then that blob is interpreted as a big-endian binary64 value.
+**
+**
+** EXACT DECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF BINARY64 VALUES
+** -----------------------------------------------
+**
+** This extension in combination with the separate 'decimal' extension
+** can be used to compute the exact decimal representation of binary64
+** values.  To begin, first compute a table of exponent values:
+**
+**    CREATE TABLE pow2(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, v TEXT);
+**    WITH RECURSIVE c(x,v) AS (
+**      VALUES(0,'1')
+**      UNION ALL
+**      SELECT x+1, decimal_mul(v,'2') FROM c WHERE x+1<=971
+**    ) INSERT INTO pow2(x,v) SELECT x, v FROM c;
+**    WITH RECURSIVE c(x,v) AS (
+**      VALUES(-1,'0.5')
+**      UNION ALL
+**      SELECT x-1, decimal_mul(v,'0.5') FROM c WHERE x-1>=-1075
+**    ) INSERT INTO pow2(x,v) SELECT x, v FROM c;
+**
+** Then, to compute the exact decimal representation of a floating
+** point value (the value 47.49 is used in the example) do:
+**
+**    WITH c(n) AS (VALUES(47.49))
+**          ---------------^^^^^---- Replace with whatever you want
+**    SELECT decimal_mul(ieee754_mantissa(c.n),pow2.v)
+**      FROM pow2, c WHERE pow2.x=ieee754_exponent(c.n);
+**
+** Here is a query to show various boundry values for the binary64
+** number format:
+**
+**    WITH c(name,bin) AS (VALUES
+**       ('minimum positive value',        x'0000000000000001'),
+**       ('maximum subnormal value',       x'000fffffffffffff'),
+**       ('minimum positive normal value', x'0010000000000000'),
+**       ('maximum value',                 x'7fefffffffffffff'))
+**    SELECT c.name, decimal_mul(ieee754_mantissa(c.bin),pow2.v)
+**      FROM pow2, c WHERE pow2.x=ieee754_exponent(c.bin);
+**
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+/* Mark a function parameter as unused, to suppress nuisance compiler
+** warnings. */
+#ifndef UNUSED_PARAMETER
+# define UNUSED_PARAMETER(X)  (void)(X)
+#endif
+/*
+** Implementation of the ieee754() function
+*/
+static void ieee754func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+if( argc==1 ){
+sqlite3_int64 m, a;
+double r;
+int e;
+int isNeg;
+char zResult[100];
+assert( sizeof(m)==sizeof(r) );
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_BLOB
+&& sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0])==sizeof(r)
+){
+const unsigned char *x = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+unsigned int i;
+sqlite3_uint64 v = 0;
+for(i=0; i<sizeof(r); i++){
+v = (v<<8) | x[i];
+}
+memcpy(&r, &v, sizeof(r));
+}else{
+r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+}
+if( r<0.0 ){
+isNeg = 1;
+r = -r;
+}else{
+isNeg = 0;
+}
+memcpy(&a,&r,sizeof(a));
+if( a==0 ){
+e = 0;
+m = 0;
+}else if( a==(sqlite3_int64)0x8000000000000000LL ){
+e = -1996;
+m = -1;
+}else{
+e = a>>52;
+m = a & ((((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52)-1);
+if( e==0 ){
+m <<= 1;
+}else{
+m |= ((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52;
+}
+while( e<1075 && m>0 && (m&1)==0 ){
+m >>= 1;
+e++;
+}
+if( isNeg ) m = -m;
+}
+switch( *(int*)sqlite3_user_data(context) ){
+case 0:
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zResult), zResult, "ieee754(%lld,%d)",
+m, e-1075);
+sqlite3_result_text(context, zResult, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+case 1:
+sqlite3_result_int64(context, m);
+break;
+case 2:
+sqlite3_result_int(context, e-1075);
+break;
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_int64 m, e, a;
+double r;
+int isNeg = 0;
+m = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
+e = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
+/* Limit the range of e.  Ticket 22dea1cfdb9151e4 2021-03-02 */
+if( e>10000 ){
+e = 10000;
+}else if( e<-10000 ){
+e = -10000;
+}
+if( m<0 ){
+isNeg = 1;
+m = -m;
+if( m<0 ) return;
+}else if( m==0 && e>-1000 && e<1000 ){
+sqlite3_result_double(context, 0.0);
+return;
+}
+while( (m>>32)&0xffe00000 ){
+m >>= 1;
+e++;
+}
+while( m!=0 && ((m>>32)&0xfff00000)==0 ){
+m <<= 1;
+e--;
+}
+e += 1075;
+if( e<=0 ){
+/* Subnormal */
+if( 1-e >= 64 ){
+m = 0;
+}else{
+m >>= 1-e;
+}
+e = 0;
+}else if( e>0x7ff ){
+e = 0x7ff;
+}
+a = m & ((((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52)-1);
+a |= e<<52;
+if( isNeg ) a |= ((sqlite3_uint64)1)<<63;
+memcpy(&r, &a, sizeof(r));
+sqlite3_result_double(context, r);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Functions to convert between blobs and floats.
+*/
+static void ieee754func_from_blob(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_BLOB
+&& sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0])==sizeof(double)
+){
+double r;
+const unsigned char *x = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+unsigned int i;
+sqlite3_uint64 v = 0;
+for(i=0; i<sizeof(r); i++){
+v = (v<<8) | x[i];
+}
+memcpy(&r, &v, sizeof(r));
+sqlite3_result_double(context, r);
+}
+}
+static void ieee754func_to_blob(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_FLOAT
+|| sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_INTEGER
+){
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+sqlite3_uint64 v;
+unsigned char a[sizeof(r)];
+unsigned int i;
+memcpy(&v, &r, sizeof(r));
+for(i=1; i<=sizeof(r); i++){
+a[sizeof(r)-i] = v&0xff;
+v >>= 8;
+}
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, a, sizeof(r), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+}
+/*
+** SQL Function:   ieee754_inc(r,N)
+**
+** Move the floating point value r by N quantums and return the new
+** values.
+**
+** Behind the scenes: this routine merely casts r into a 64-bit unsigned
+** integer, adds N, then casts the value back into float.
+**
+** Example:  To find the smallest positive number:
+**
+**     SELECT ieee754_inc(0.0,+1);
+*/
+static void ieee754inc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+double r;
+sqlite3_int64 N;
+sqlite3_uint64 m1, m2;
+double r2;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+N = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
+memcpy(&m1, &r, 8);
+m2 = m1 + N;
+memcpy(&r2, &m2, 8);
+sqlite3_result_double(context, r2);
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_ieee_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+static const struct {
+char *zFName;
+int nArg;
+int iAux;
+void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
+} aFunc[] = {
+{ "ieee754",           1,   0, ieee754func },
+{ "ieee754",           2,   0, ieee754func },
+{ "ieee754_mantissa",  1,   1, ieee754func },
+{ "ieee754_exponent",  1,   2, ieee754func },
+{ "ieee754_to_blob",   1,   0, ieee754func_to_blob },
+{ "ieee754_from_blob", 1,   0, ieee754func_from_blob },
+{ "ieee754_inc",       2,   0, ieee754inc  },
+};
+unsigned int i;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+for(i=0; i<sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0]) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[i].zFName, aFunc[i].nArg,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS,
+(void*)&aFunc[i].iAux,
+aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/ieee754.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/series.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2015-08-18, 2023-04-28
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file demonstrates how to create a table-valued-function using
+** a virtual table.  This demo implements the generate_series() function
+** which gives the same results as the eponymous function in PostgreSQL,
+** within the limitation that its arguments are signed 64-bit integers.
+**
+** Considering its equivalents to generate_series(start,stop,step): A
+** value V[n] sequence is produced for integer n ascending from 0 where
+**  ( V[n] == start + n * step  &&  sgn(V[n] - stop) * sgn(step) >= 0 )
+** for each produced value (independent of production time ordering.)
+**
+** All parameters must be either integer or convertable to integer.
+** The start parameter is required.
+** The stop parameter defaults to (1<<32)-1 (aka 4294967295 or 0xffffffff)
+** The step parameter defaults to 1 and 0 is treated as 1.
+**
+** Examples:
+**
+**      SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,100,5);
+**
+** The query above returns integers from 0 through 100 counting by steps
+** of 5.  In other words, 0, 5, 10, 15, ..., 90, 95, 100.  There are a total
+** of 21 rows.
+**
+**      SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,100);
+**
+** Integers from 0 through 100 with a step size of 1.  101 rows.
+**
+**      SELECT * FROM generate_series(20) LIMIT 10;
+**
+** Integers 20 through 29.  10 rows.
+**
+**      SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,-100,-5);
+**
+** Integers 0 -5 -10 ... -100.  21 rows.
+**
+**      SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,-1);
+**
+** Empty sequence.
+**
+** HOW IT WORKS
+**
+** The generate_series "function" is really a virtual table with the
+** following schema:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE generate_series(
+**       value,
+**       start HIDDEN,
+**       stop HIDDEN,
+**       step HIDDEN
+**     );
+**
+** The virtual table also has a rowid which is an alias for the value.
+**
+** Function arguments in queries against this virtual table are translated
+** into equality constraints against successive hidden columns.  In other
+** words, the following pairs of queries are equivalent to each other:
+**
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,100,5);
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series WHERE start=0 AND stop=100 AND step=5;
+**
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series(0,100);
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series WHERE start=0 AND stop=100;
+**
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series(20) LIMIT 10;
+**    SELECT * FROM generate_series WHERE start=20 LIMIT 10;
+**
+** The generate_series virtual table implementation leaves the xCreate method
+** set to NULL.  This means that it is not possible to do a CREATE VIRTUAL
+** TABLE command with "generate_series" as the USING argument.  Instead, there
+** is a single generate_series virtual table that is always available without
+** having to be created first.
+**
+** The xBestIndex method looks for equality constraints against the hidden
+** start, stop, and step columns, and if present, it uses those constraints
+** to bound the sequence of generated values.  If the equality constraints
+** are missing, it uses 0 for start, 4294967295 for stop, and 1 for step.
+** xBestIndex returns a small cost when both start and stop are available,
+** and a very large cost if either start or stop are unavailable.  This
+** encourages the query planner to order joins such that the bounds of the
+** series are well-defined.
+**
+** Update on 2024-08-22:
+** xBestIndex now also looks for equality and inequality constraints against
+** the value column and uses those constraints as additional bounds against
+** the sequence range.  Thus, a query like this:
+**
+**     SELECT value FROM generate_series($SA,$EA)
+**      WHERE value BETWEEN $SB AND $EB;
+**
+** Is logically the same as:
+**
+**     SELECT value FROM generate_series(max($SA,$SB),min($EA,$EB));
+**
+** Constraints on the value column can server as substitutes for constraints
+** on the hidden start and stop columns.  So, the following two queries
+** are equivalent:
+**
+**     SELECT value FROM generate_series($S,$E);
+**     SELECT value FROM generate_series WHERE value BETWEEN $S and $E;
+**
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/* series_cursor is a subclass of sqlite3_vtab_cursor which will
+** serve as the underlying representation of a cursor that scans
+** over rows of the result.
+**
+** iOBase, iOTerm, and iOStep are the original values of the
+** start=, stop=, and step= constraints on the query.  These are
+** the values reported by the start, stop, and step columns of the
+** virtual table.
+**
+** iBase, iTerm, iStep, and bDescp are the actual values used to generate
+** the sequence.  These might be different from the iOxxxx values.
+** For example in
+**
+**   SELECT value FROM generate_series(1,11,2)
+**    WHERE value BETWEEN 4 AND 8;
+**
+** The iOBase is 1, but the iBase is 5.  iOTerm is 11 but iTerm is 7.
+** Another example:
+**
+**   SELECT value FROM generate_series(1,15,3) ORDER BY value DESC;
+**
+** The cursor initialization for the above query is:
+**
+**   iOBase = 1        iBase = 13
+**   iOTerm = 15       iTerm = 1
+**   iOStep = 3        iStep = 3      bDesc = 1
+**
+** The actual step size is unsigned so that can have a value of
+** +9223372036854775808 which is needed for querys like this:
+**
+**   SELECT value
+**     FROM generate_series(9223372036854775807,
+**                          -9223372036854775808,
+**                          -9223372036854775808)
+**    ORDER BY value ASC;
+**
+** The setup for the previous query will be:
+**
+**   iOBase = 9223372036854775807    iBase = -1
+**   iOTerm = -9223372036854775808   iTerm = 9223372036854775807
+**   iOStep = -9223372036854775808   iStep = 9223372036854775808  bDesc = 0
+*/
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+typedef struct series_cursor series_cursor;
+struct series_cursor {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;  /* Base class - must be first */
+sqlite3_int64 iOBase;      /* Original starting value ("start") */
+sqlite3_int64 iOTerm;      /* Original terminal value ("stop") */
+sqlite3_int64 iOStep;      /* Original step value */
+sqlite3_int64 iBase;       /* Starting value to actually use */
+sqlite3_int64 iTerm;       /* Terminal value to actually use */
+sqlite3_uint64 iStep;      /* The step size */
+sqlite3_int64 iValue;      /* Current value */
+u8 bDesc;                  /* iStep is really negative */
+u8 bDone;                  /* True if stepped past last element */
+};
+/*
+** Computed the difference between two 64-bit signed integers using a
+** convoluted computation designed to work around the silly restriction
+** against signed integer overflow in C.
+*/
+static sqlite3_uint64 span64(sqlite3_int64 a, sqlite3_int64 b){
+assert( a>=b );
+return (*(sqlite3_uint64*)&a) - (*(sqlite3_uint64*)&b);
+}
+/*
+** Add or substract an unsigned 64-bit integer from a signed 64-bit integer
+** and return the new signed 64-bit integer.
+*/
+static sqlite3_int64 add64(sqlite3_int64 a, sqlite3_uint64 b){
+sqlite3_uint64 x = *(sqlite3_uint64*)&a;
+x += b;
+return *(sqlite3_int64*)&x;
+}
+static sqlite3_int64 sub64(sqlite3_int64 a, sqlite3_uint64 b){
+sqlite3_uint64 x = *(sqlite3_uint64*)&a;
+x -= b;
+return *(sqlite3_int64*)&x;
+}
+/*
+** The seriesConnect() method is invoked to create a new
+** series_vtab that describes the generate_series virtual table.
+**
+** Think of this routine as the constructor for series_vtab objects.
+**
+** All this routine needs to do is:
+**
+**    (1) Allocate the series_vtab object and initialize all fields.
+**
+**    (2) Tell SQLite (via the sqlite3_declare_vtab() interface) what the
+**        result set of queries against generate_series will look like.
+*/
+static int seriesConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pUnused,
+int argcUnused, const char *const*argvUnused,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErrUnused
+){
+sqlite3_vtab *pNew;
+int rc;
+/* Column numbers */
+#define SERIES_COLUMN_ROWID (-1)
+#define SERIES_COLUMN_VALUE 0
+#define SERIES_COLUMN_START 1
+#define SERIES_COLUMN_STOP  2
+#define SERIES_COLUMN_STEP  3
+(void)pUnused;
+(void)argcUnused;
+(void)argvUnused;
+(void)pzErrUnused;
+rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db,
+"CREATE TABLE x(value,start hidden,stop hidden,step hidden)");
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew = *ppVtab = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pNew) );
+if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
+sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This method is the destructor for series_cursor objects.
+*/
+static int seriesDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+sqlite3_free(pVtab);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Constructor for a new series_cursor object.
+*/
+static int seriesOpen(sqlite3_vtab *pUnused, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
+series_cursor *pCur;
+(void)pUnused;
+pCur = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pCur) );
+if( pCur==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pCur, 0, sizeof(*pCur));
+*ppCursor = &pCur->base;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Destructor for a series_cursor.
+*/
+static int seriesClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+sqlite3_free(cur);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Advance a series_cursor to its next row of output.
+*/
+static int seriesNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor*)cur;
+if( pCur->iValue==pCur->iTerm ){
+pCur->bDone = 1;
+}else if( pCur->bDesc ){
+pCur->iValue = sub64(pCur->iValue, pCur->iStep);
+assert( pCur->iValue>=pCur->iTerm );
+}else{
+pCur->iValue = add64(pCur->iValue, pCur->iStep);
+assert( pCur->iValue<=pCur->iTerm );
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return values of columns for the row at which the series_cursor
+** is currently pointing.
+*/
+static int seriesColumn(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
+sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
+int i                       /* Which column to return */
+){
+series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor*)cur;
+sqlite3_int64 x = 0;
+switch( i ){
+case SERIES_COLUMN_START:  x = pCur->iOBase;     break;
+case SERIES_COLUMN_STOP:   x = pCur->iOTerm;     break;
+case SERIES_COLUMN_STEP:   x = pCur->iOStep;     break;
+default:                   x = pCur->iValue;     break;
+}
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, x);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+#ifndef LARGEST_UINT64
+#define LARGEST_INT64  ((sqlite3_int64)0x7fffffffffffffffLL)
+#define LARGEST_UINT64 ((sqlite3_uint64)0xffffffffffffffffULL)
+#define SMALLEST_INT64 ((sqlite3_int64)0x8000000000000000LL)
+#endif
+/*
+** The rowid is the same as the value.
+*/
+static int seriesRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
+series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor*)cur;
+*pRowid = pCur->iValue;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the cursor has been moved off of the last
+** row of output.
+*/
+static int seriesEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor*)cur;
+return pCur->bDone;
+}
+/* True to cause run-time checking of the start=, stop=, and/or step=
+** parameters.  The only reason to do this is for testing the
+** constraint checking logic for virtual tables in the SQLite core.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SERIES_CONSTRAINT_VERIFY
+# define SQLITE_SERIES_CONSTRAINT_VERIFY 0
+#endif
+/*
+** Return the number of steps between pCur->iBase and pCur->iTerm if
+** the step width is pCur->iStep.
+*/
+static sqlite3_uint64 seriesSteps(series_cursor *pCur){
+if( pCur->bDesc ){
+assert( pCur->iBase >= pCur->iTerm );
+return span64(pCur->iBase, pCur->iTerm)/pCur->iStep;
+}else{
+assert( pCur->iBase <= pCur->iTerm );
+return span64(pCur->iTerm, pCur->iBase)/pCur->iStep;
+}
+}
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS) || defined(_WIN32)
+/*
+** Case 1 (the most common case):
+** The standard math library is available so use ceil() and floor() from there.
+*/
+static double seriesCeil(double r){ return ceil(r); }
+static double seriesFloor(double r){ return floor(r); }
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_INTRINSIC)
+/*
+** Case 2 (2nd most common): Use GCC/Clang builtins
+*/
+static double seriesCeil(double r){ return __builtin_ceil(r); }
+static double seriesFloor(double r){ return __builtin_floor(r); }
+#else
+/*
+** Case 3 (rarely happens): Use home-grown ceil() and floor() routines.
+*/
+static double seriesCeil(double r){
+sqlite3_int64 x;
+if( r!=r ) return r;
+if( r<=(-4503599627370496.0) ) return r;
+if( r>=(+4503599627370496.0) ) return r;
+x = (sqlite3_int64)r;
+if( r==(double)x ) return r;
+if( r>(double)x ) x++;
+return (double)x;
+}
+static double seriesFloor(double r){
+sqlite3_int64 x;
+if( r!=r ) return r;
+if( r<=(-4503599627370496.0) ) return r;
+if( r>=(+4503599627370496.0) ) return r;
+x = (sqlite3_int64)r;
+if( r==(double)x ) return r;
+if( r<(double)x ) x--;
+return (double)x;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** This method is called to "rewind" the series_cursor object back
+** to the first row of output.  This method is always called at least
+** once prior to any call to seriesColumn() or seriesRowid() or
+** seriesEof().
+**
+** The query plan selected by seriesBestIndex is passed in the idxNum
+** parameter.  (idxStr is not used in this implementation.)  idxNum
+** is a bitmask showing which constraints are available:
+**
+**   0x0001:    start=VALUE
+**   0x0002:    stop=VALUE
+**   0x0004:    step=VALUE
+**   0x0008:    descending order
+**   0x0010:    ascending order
+**   0x0020:    LIMIT  VALUE
+**   0x0040:    OFFSET  VALUE
+**   0x0080:    value=VALUE
+**   0x0100:    value>=VALUE
+**   0x0200:    value>VALUE
+**   0x1000:    value<=VALUE
+**   0x2000:    value<VALUE
+**
+** This routine should initialize the cursor and position it so that it
+** is pointing at the first row, or pointing off the end of the table
+** (so that seriesEof() will return true) if the table is empty.
+*/
+static int seriesFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStrUnused,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor *)pVtabCursor;
+int iArg = 0;                         /* Arguments used so far */
+int i;                                /* Loop counter */
+sqlite3_int64 iMin = SMALLEST_INT64;  /* Smallest allowed output value */
+sqlite3_int64 iMax = LARGEST_INT64;   /* Largest allowed output value */
+sqlite3_int64 iLimit = 0;             /* if >0, the value of the LIMIT */
+sqlite3_int64 iOffset = 0;            /* if >0, the value of the OFFSET */
+(void)idxStrUnused;
+/* If any constraints have a NULL value, then return no rows.
+** See ticket https://sqlite.org/src/info/fac496b61722daf2
+*/
+for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[i])==SQLITE_NULL ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+}
+/* Capture the three HIDDEN parameters to the virtual table and insert
+** default values for any parameters that are omitted.
+*/
+if( idxNum & 0x01 ){
+pCur->iOBase = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+}else{
+pCur->iOBase = 0;
+}
+if( idxNum & 0x02 ){
+pCur->iOTerm = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+}else{
+pCur->iOTerm = 0xffffffff;
+}
+if( idxNum & 0x04 ){
+pCur->iOStep = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+if( pCur->iOStep==0 ) pCur->iOStep = 1;
+}else{
+pCur->iOStep = 1;
+}
+/* If there are constraints on the value column but there are
+** no constraints on  the start, stop, and step columns, then
+** initialize the default range to be the entire range of 64-bit signed
+** integers.  This range will contracted by the value column constraints
+** further below.
+*/
+if( (idxNum & 0x05)==0 && (idxNum & 0x0380)!=0 ){
+pCur->iOBase = SMALLEST_INT64;
+}
+if( (idxNum & 0x06)==0 && (idxNum & 0x3080)!=0 ){
+pCur->iOTerm = LARGEST_INT64;
+}
+pCur->iBase = pCur->iOBase;
+pCur->iTerm = pCur->iOTerm;
+if( pCur->iOStep>0 ){
+pCur->iStep = pCur->iOStep;
+}else if( pCur->iOStep>SMALLEST_INT64 ){
+pCur->iStep = -pCur->iOStep;
+}else{
+pCur->iStep = LARGEST_INT64;
+pCur->iStep++;
+}
+pCur->bDesc = pCur->iOStep<0;
+if( pCur->bDesc==0 && pCur->iBase>pCur->iTerm ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+if( pCur->bDesc!=0 && pCur->iBase<pCur->iTerm ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+/* Extract the LIMIT and OFFSET values, but do not apply them yet.
+** The range must first be constrained by the limits on value.
+*/
+if( idxNum & 0x20 ){
+iLimit = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+if( idxNum & 0x40 ){
+iOffset = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+}
+}
+/* Narrow the range of iMin and iMax (the minimum and maximum outputs)
+** based on equality and inequality constraints on the "value" column.
+*/
+if( idxNum & 0x3380 ){
+if( idxNum & 0x0080 ){    /* value=X */
+if( sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[iArg])==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[iArg++]);
+if( r==seriesCeil(r)
+&& r>=(double)SMALLEST_INT64
+&& r<=(double)LARGEST_INT64
+){
+iMin = iMax = (sqlite3_int64)r;
+}else{
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+}else{
+iMin = iMax = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+}
+}else{
+if( idxNum & 0x0300 ){  /* value>X or value>=X */
+if( sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[iArg])==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[iArg++]);
+if( r<(double)SMALLEST_INT64 ){
+iMin = SMALLEST_INT64;
+}else if( (idxNum & 0x0200)!=0 && r==seriesCeil(r) ){
+iMin = (sqlite3_int64)seriesCeil(r+1.0);
+}else{
+iMin = (sqlite3_int64)seriesCeil(r);
+}
+}else{
+iMin = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+if( (idxNum & 0x0200)!=0 ){
+if( iMin==LARGEST_INT64 ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}else{
+iMin++;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if( idxNum & 0x3000 ){   /* value<X or value<=X */
+if( sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[iArg])==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+double r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[iArg++]);
+if( r>(double)LARGEST_INT64 ){
+iMax = LARGEST_INT64;
+}else if( (idxNum & 0x2000)!=0 && r==seriesFloor(r) ){
+iMax = (sqlite3_int64)(r-1.0);
+}else{
+iMax = (sqlite3_int64)seriesFloor(r);
+}
+}else{
+iMax = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[iArg++]);
+if( idxNum & 0x2000 ){
+if( iMax==SMALLEST_INT64 ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}else{
+iMax--;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if( iMin>iMax ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+}
+/* Try to reduce the range of values to be generated based on
+** constraints on the "value" column.
+*/
+if( pCur->bDesc==0 ){
+if( pCur->iBase<iMin ){
+sqlite3_uint64 span = span64(iMin,pCur->iBase);
+pCur->iBase = add64(pCur->iBase, (span/pCur->iStep)*pCur->iStep);
+if( pCur->iBase<iMin ){
+if( pCur->iBase > sub64(LARGEST_INT64, pCur->iStep) ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+pCur->iBase = add64(pCur->iBase, pCur->iStep);
+}
+}
+if( pCur->iTerm>iMax ){
+pCur->iTerm = iMax;
+}
+}else{
+if( pCur->iBase>iMax ){
+sqlite3_uint64 span = span64(pCur->iBase,iMax);
+pCur->iBase = sub64(pCur->iBase, (span/pCur->iStep)*pCur->iStep);
+if( pCur->iBase>iMax ){
+if( pCur->iBase < add64(SMALLEST_INT64, pCur->iStep) ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+pCur->iBase = sub64(pCur->iBase, pCur->iStep);
+}
+}
+if( pCur->iTerm<iMin ){
+pCur->iTerm = iMin;
+}
+}
+}
+/* Adjust iTerm so that it is exactly the last value of the series.
+*/
+if( pCur->bDesc==0 ){
+if( pCur->iBase>pCur->iTerm ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+pCur->iTerm = sub64(pCur->iTerm,
+span64(pCur->iTerm,pCur->iBase) % pCur->iStep);
+}else{
+if( pCur->iBase<pCur->iTerm ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}
+pCur->iTerm = add64(pCur->iTerm,
+span64(pCur->iBase,pCur->iTerm) % pCur->iStep);
+}
+/* Transform the series generator to output values in the requested
+** order.
+*/
+if( ((idxNum & 0x0008)!=0 && pCur->bDesc==0)
+|| ((idxNum & 0x0010)!=0 && pCur->bDesc!=0)
+){
+sqlite3_int64 tmp = pCur->iBase;
+pCur->iBase = pCur->iTerm;
+pCur->iTerm = tmp;
+pCur->bDesc = !pCur->bDesc;
+}
+/* Apply LIMIT and OFFSET constraints, if any */
+assert( pCur->iStep!=0 );
+if( idxNum & 0x20 ){
+if( iOffset>0 ){
+if( seriesSteps(pCur) < (sqlite3_uint64)iOffset ){
+goto series_no_rows;
+}else if( pCur->bDesc ){
+pCur->iBase = sub64(pCur->iBase, pCur->iStep*iOffset);
+}else{
+pCur->iBase = add64(pCur->iBase, pCur->iStep*iOffset);
+}
+}
+if( iLimit>=0 && seriesSteps(pCur) > (sqlite3_uint64)iLimit ){
+pCur->iTerm = add64(pCur->iBase, (iLimit - 1)*pCur->iStep);
+}
+}
+pCur->iValue = pCur->iBase;
+pCur->bDone = 0;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+series_no_rows:
+pCur->iBase = 0;
+pCur->iTerm = 0;
+pCur->iStep = 1;
+pCur->bDesc = 0;
+pCur->bDone = 1;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** SQLite will invoke this method one or more times while planning a query
+** that uses the generate_series virtual table.  This routine needs to create
+** a query plan for each invocation and compute an estimated cost for that
+** plan.
+**
+** In this implementation idxNum is used to represent the
+** query plan.  idxStr is unused.
+**
+** The query plan is represented by bits in idxNum:
+**
+**   0x0001  start = $num
+**   0x0002  stop = $num
+**   0x0004  step = $num
+**   0x0008  output is in descending order
+**   0x0010  output is in ascending order
+**   0x0020  LIMIT $num
+**   0x0040  OFFSET $num
+**   0x0080  value = $num
+**   0x0100  value >= $num
+**   0x0200  value > $num
+**   0x1000  value <= $num
+**   0x2000  value < $num
+**
+** Only one of 0x0100 or 0x0200 will be returned.  Similarly, only
+** one of 0x1000 or 0x2000 will be returned.  If the 0x0080 is set, then
+** none of the 0xff00 bits will be set.
+**
+** The order of parameters passed to xFilter is as follows:
+**
+**    * The argument to start= if bit 0x0001 is in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to stop= if bit 0x0002 is in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to step= if bit 0x0004 is in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to LIMIT if bit 0x0020 is in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to OFFSET if bit 0x0040 is in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to value=, or value>= or value> if any of
+**      bits 0x0380 are in the idxNum mask
+**    * The argument to value<= or value< if either of bits 0x3000
+**      are in the mask
+**
+*/
+static int seriesBestIndex(
+sqlite3_vtab *pVTab,
+sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
+){
+int i, j;              /* Loop over constraints */
+int idxNum = 0;        /* The query plan bitmask */
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+int bStartSeen = 0;    /* EQ constraint seen on the START column */
+#endif
+int unusableMask = 0;  /* Mask of unusable constraints */
+int nArg = 0;          /* Number of arguments that seriesFilter() expects */
+int aIdx[7];           /* Constraints on start, stop, step, LIMIT, OFFSET,
+** and value.  aIdx[5] covers value=, value>=, and
+** value>,  aIdx[6] covers value<= and value< */
+const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pConstraint;
+/* This implementation assumes that the start, stop, and step columns
+** are the last three columns in the virtual table. */
+assert( SERIES_COLUMN_STOP == SERIES_COLUMN_START+1 );
+assert( SERIES_COLUMN_STEP == SERIES_COLUMN_START+2 );
+aIdx[0] = aIdx[1] = aIdx[2] = aIdx[3] = aIdx[4] = aIdx[5] = aIdx[6] = -1;
+pConstraint = pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
+for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pConstraint++){
+int iCol;    /* 0 for start, 1 for stop, 2 for step */
+int iMask;   /* bitmask for those column */
+int op = pConstraint->op;
+if( op>=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT
+&& op<=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET
+){
+if( pConstraint->usable==0 ){
+/* do nothing */
+}else if( op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT ){
+aIdx[3] = i;
+idxNum |= 0x20;
+}else{
+assert( op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET );
+aIdx[4] = i;
+idxNum |= 0x40;
+}
+continue;
+}
+if( pConstraint->iColumn<SERIES_COLUMN_START ){
+if( (pConstraint->iColumn==SERIES_COLUMN_VALUE ||
+pConstraint->iColumn==SERIES_COLUMN_ROWID)
+&& pConstraint->usable
+){
+switch( op ){
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS: {
+idxNum |=  0x0080;
+idxNum &= ~0x3300;
+aIdx[5] = i;
+aIdx[6] = -1;
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+bStartSeen = 1;
+#endif
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE: {
+if( idxNum & 0x0080 ) break;
+idxNum |=  0x0100;
+idxNum &= ~0x0200;
+aIdx[5] = i;
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+bStartSeen = 1;
+#endif
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT: {
+if( idxNum & 0x0080 ) break;
+idxNum |=  0x0200;
+idxNum &= ~0x0100;
+aIdx[5] = i;
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+bStartSeen = 1;
+#endif
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE: {
+if( idxNum & 0x0080 ) break;
+idxNum |=  0x1000;
+idxNum &= ~0x2000;
+aIdx[6] = i;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT: {
+if( idxNum & 0x0080 ) break;
+idxNum |=  0x2000;
+idxNum &= ~0x1000;
+aIdx[6] = i;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+continue;
+}
+iCol = pConstraint->iColumn - SERIES_COLUMN_START;
+assert( iCol>=0 && iCol<=2 );
+iMask = 1 << iCol;
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+if( iCol==0 && op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+bStartSeen = 1;
+}
+#endif
+if( pConstraint->usable==0 ){
+unusableMask |=  iMask;
+continue;
+}else if( op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+idxNum |= iMask;
+aIdx[iCol] = i;
+}
+}
+if( aIdx[3]==0 ){
+/* Ignore OFFSET if LIMIT is omitted */
+idxNum &= ~0x60;
+aIdx[4] = 0;
+}
+for(i=0; i<7; i++){
+if( (j = aIdx[i])>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[j].argvIndex = ++nArg;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[j].omit =
+!SQLITE_SERIES_CONSTRAINT_VERIFY || i>=3;
+}
+}
+/* The current generate_column() implementation requires at least one
+** argument (the START value).  Legacy versions assumed START=0 if the
+** first argument was omitted.  Compile with -DZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+** to obtain the legacy behavior */
+#ifndef ZERO_ARGUMENT_GENERATE_SERIES
+if( !bStartSeen ){
+sqlite3_free(pVTab->zErrMsg);
+pVTab->zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"first argument to \"generate_series()\" missing or unusable");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+#endif
+if( (unusableMask & ~idxNum)!=0 ){
+/* The start, stop, and step columns are inputs.  Therefore if there
+** are unusable constraints on any of start, stop, or step then
+** this plan is unusable */
+return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+if( (idxNum & 0x03)==0x03 ){
+/* Both start= and stop= boundaries are available.  This is the
+** the preferred case */
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)(2 - ((idxNum&4)!=0));
+pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 1000;
+if( pIdxInfo->nOrderBy>=1 && pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[0].iColumn==0 ){
+if( pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[0].desc ){
+idxNum |= 0x08;
+}else{
+idxNum |= 0x10;
+}
+pIdxInfo->orderByConsumed = 1;
+}
+}else if( (idxNum & 0x21)==0x21 ){
+/* We have start= and LIMIT */
+pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 2500;
+}else{
+/* If either boundary is missing, we have to generate a huge span
+** of numbers.  Make this case very expensive so that the query
+** planner will work hard to avoid it. */
+pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 2147483647;
+}
+pIdxInfo->idxNum = idxNum;
+#ifdef SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_HEX
+pIdxInfo->idxFlags = SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_HEX;
+#endif
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** This following structure defines all the methods for the
+** generate_series virtual table.
+*/
+static sqlite3_module seriesModule = {
+0,                         /* iVersion */
+0,                         /* xCreate */
+seriesConnect,             /* xConnect */
+seriesBestIndex,           /* xBestIndex */
+seriesDisconnect,          /* xDisconnect */
+0,                         /* xDestroy */
+seriesOpen,                /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+seriesClose,               /* xClose - close a cursor */
+seriesFilter,              /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+seriesNext,                /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+seriesEof,                 /* xEof - check for end of scan */
+seriesColumn,              /* xColumn - read data */
+seriesRowid,               /* xRowid - read data */
+0,                         /* xUpdate */
+0,                         /* xBegin */
+0,                         /* xSync */
+0,                         /* xCommit */
+0,                         /* xRollback */
+0,                         /* xFindMethod */
+0,                         /* xRename */
+0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+0,                         /* xRelease */
+0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+0,                         /* xShadowName */
+0                          /* xIntegrity */
+};
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_series_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+if( sqlite3_libversion_number()<3008012 && pzErrMsg!=0 ){
+*pzErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"generate_series() requires SQLite 3.8.12 or later");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "generate_series", &seriesModule, 0);
+#endif
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/series.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/regexp.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2012-11-13
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** The code in this file implements a compact but reasonably
+** efficient regular-expression matcher for posix extended regular
+** expressions against UTF8 text.
+**
+** This file is an SQLite extension.  It registers a single function
+** named "regexp(A,B)" where A is the regular expression and B is the
+** string to be matched.  By registering this function, SQLite will also
+** then implement the "B regexp A" operator.  Note that with the function
+** the regular expression comes first, but with the operator it comes
+** second.
+**
+**  The following regular expression syntax is supported:
+**
+**     X*      zero or more occurrences of X
+**     X+      one or more occurrences of X
+**     X?      zero or one occurrences of X
+**     X{p,q}  between p and q occurrences of X
+**     (X)     match X
+**     X|Y     X or Y
+**     ^X      X occurring at the beginning of the string
+**     X$      X occurring at the end of the string
+**     .       Match any single character
+**     \c      Character c where c is one of \{}()[]|*+?.
+**     \c      C-language escapes for c in afnrtv.  ex: \t or \n
+**     \uXXXX  Where XXXX is exactly 4 hex digits, unicode value XXXX
+**     \xXX    Where XX is exactly 2 hex digits, unicode value XX
+**     [abc]   Any single character from the set abc
+**     [^abc]  Any single character not in the set abc
+**     [a-z]   Any single character in the range a-z
+**     [^a-z]  Any single character not in the range a-z
+**     \b      Word boundary
+**     \w      Word character.  [A-Za-z0-9_]
+**     \W      Non-word character
+**     \d      Digit
+**     \D      Non-digit
+**     \s      Whitespace character
+**     \S      Non-whitespace character
+**
+** A nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) is used for matching, so the
+** performance is bounded by O(N*M) where N is the size of the regular
+** expression and M is the size of the input string.  The matcher never
+** exhibits exponential behavior.  Note that the X{p,q} operator expands
+** to p copies of X following by q-p copies of X? and that the size of the
+** regular expression in the O(N*M) performance bound is computed after
+** this expansion.
+**
+** To help prevent DoS attacks, the maximum size of the NFA is restricted.
+*/
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+/*
+** The following #defines change the names of some functions implemented in
+** this file to prevent name collisions with C-library functions of the
+** same name.
+*/
+#define re_match   sqlite3re_match
+#define re_compile sqlite3re_compile
+#define re_free    sqlite3re_free
+/* The end-of-input character */
+#define RE_EOF            0    /* End of input */
+#define RE_START  0xfffffff    /* Start of input - larger than an UTF-8 */
+/* The NFA is implemented as sequence of opcodes taken from the following
+** set.  Each opcode has a single integer argument.
+*/
+#define RE_OP_MATCH       1    /* Match the one character in the argument */
+#define RE_OP_ANY         2    /* Match any one character.  (Implements ".") */
+#define RE_OP_ANYSTAR     3    /* Special optimized version of .* */
+#define RE_OP_FORK        4    /* Continue to both next and opcode at iArg */
+#define RE_OP_GOTO        5    /* Jump to opcode at iArg */
+#define RE_OP_ACCEPT      6    /* Halt and indicate a successful match */
+#define RE_OP_CC_INC      7    /* Beginning of a [...] character class */
+#define RE_OP_CC_EXC      8    /* Beginning of a [^...] character class */
+#define RE_OP_CC_VALUE    9    /* Single value in a character class */
+#define RE_OP_CC_RANGE   10    /* Range of values in a character class */
+#define RE_OP_WORD       11    /* Perl word character [A-Za-z0-9_] */
+#define RE_OP_NOTWORD    12    /* Not a perl word character */
+#define RE_OP_DIGIT      13    /* digit:  [0-9] */
+#define RE_OP_NOTDIGIT   14    /* Not a digit */
+#define RE_OP_SPACE      15    /* space:  [ \t\n\r\v\f] */
+#define RE_OP_NOTSPACE   16    /* Not a digit */
+#define RE_OP_BOUNDARY   17    /* Boundary between word and non-word */
+#define RE_OP_ATSTART    18    /* Currently at the start of the string */
+/* Each opcode is a "state" in the NFA */
+typedef unsigned short ReStateNumber;
+/* Because this is an NFA and not a DFA, multiple states can be active at
+** once.  An instance of the following object records all active states in
+** the NFA.  The implementation is optimized for the common case where the
+** number of actives states is small.
+*/
+typedef struct ReStateSet {
+unsigned nState;            /* Number of current states */
+ReStateNumber *aState;      /* Current states */
+} ReStateSet;
+/* An input string read one character at a time.
+*/
+typedef struct ReInput ReInput;
+struct ReInput {
+const unsigned char *z;  /* All text */
+int i;                   /* Next byte to read */
+int mx;                  /* EOF when i>=mx */
+};
+/* A compiled NFA (or an NFA that is in the process of being compiled) is
+** an instance of the following object.
+*/
+typedef struct ReCompiled ReCompiled;
+struct ReCompiled {
+ReInput sIn;                /* Regular expression text */
+const char *zErr;           /* Error message to return */
+char *aOp;                  /* Operators for the virtual machine */
+int *aArg;                  /* Arguments to each operator */
+unsigned (*xNextChar)(ReInput*);  /* Next character function */
+unsigned char zInit[12];    /* Initial text to match */
+int nInit;                  /* Number of bytes in zInit */
+unsigned nState;            /* Number of entries in aOp[] and aArg[] */
+unsigned nAlloc;            /* Slots allocated for aOp[] and aArg[] */
+unsigned mxAlloc;           /* Complexity limit */
+};
+/* Add a state to the given state set if it is not already there */
+static void re_add_state(ReStateSet *pSet, int newState){
+unsigned i;
+for(i=0; i<pSet->nState; i++) if( pSet->aState[i]==newState ) return;
+pSet->aState[pSet->nState++] = (ReStateNumber)newState;
+}
+/* Extract the next unicode character from *pzIn and return it.  Advance
+** *pzIn to the first byte past the end of the character returned.  To
+** be clear:  this routine converts utf8 to unicode.  This routine is
+** optimized for the common case where the next character is a single byte.
+*/
+static unsigned re_next_char(ReInput *p){
+unsigned c;
+if( p->i>=p->mx ) return 0;
+c = p->z[p->i++];
+if( c>=0x80 ){
+if( (c&0xe0)==0xc0 && p->i<p->mx && (p->z[p->i]&0xc0)==0x80 ){
+c = (c&0x1f)<<6 | (p->z[p->i++]&0x3f);
+if( c<0x80 ) c = 0xfffd;
+}else if( (c&0xf0)==0xe0 && p->i+1<p->mx && (p->z[p->i]&0xc0)==0x80
+&& (p->z[p->i+1]&0xc0)==0x80 ){
+c = (c&0x0f)<<12 | ((p->z[p->i]&0x3f)<<6) | (p->z[p->i+1]&0x3f);
+p->i += 2;
+if( c<=0x7ff || (c>=0xd800 && c<=0xdfff) ) c = 0xfffd;
+}else if( (c&0xf8)==0xf0 && p->i+2<p->mx && (p->z[p->i]&0xc0)==0x80
+&& (p->z[p->i+1]&0xc0)==0x80 && (p->z[p->i+2]&0xc0)==0x80 ){
+c = (c&0x07)<<18 | ((p->z[p->i]&0x3f)<<12) | ((p->z[p->i+1]&0x3f)<<6)
+| (p->z[p->i+2]&0x3f);
+p->i += 3;
+if( c<=0xffff || c>0x10ffff ) c = 0xfffd;
+}else{
+c = 0xfffd;
+}
+}
+return c;
+}
+static unsigned re_next_char_nocase(ReInput *p){
+unsigned c = re_next_char(p);
+if( c>='A' && c<='Z' ) c += 'a' - 'A';
+return c;
+}
+/* Return true if c is a perl "word" character:  [A-Za-z0-9_] */
+static int re_word_char(int c){
+return (c>='0' && c<='9') || (c>='a' && c<='z')
+|| (c>='A' && c<='Z') || c=='_';
+}
+/* Return true if c is a "digit" character:  [0-9] */
+static int re_digit_char(int c){
+return (c>='0' && c<='9');
+}
+/* Return true if c is a perl "space" character:  [ \t\r\n\v\f] */
+static int re_space_char(int c){
+return c==' ' || c=='\t' || c=='\n' || c=='\r' || c=='\v' || c=='\f';
+}
+/* Run a compiled regular expression on the zero-terminated input
+** string zIn[].  Return true on a match and false if there is no match.
+*/
+static int re_match(ReCompiled *pRe, const unsigned char *zIn, int nIn){
+ReStateSet aStateSet[2], *pThis, *pNext;
+ReStateNumber aSpace[100];
+ReStateNumber *pToFree;
+unsigned int i = 0;
+unsigned int iSwap = 0;
+int c = RE_START;
+int cPrev = 0;
+int rc = 0;
+ReInput in;
+in.z = zIn;
+in.i = 0;
+in.mx = nIn>=0 ? nIn : (int)strlen((char const*)zIn);
+/* Look for the initial prefix match, if there is one. */
+if( pRe->nInit ){
+unsigned char x = pRe->zInit[0];
+while( in.i+pRe->nInit<=in.mx
+&& (zIn[in.i]!=x ||
+strncmp((const char*)zIn+in.i, (const char*)pRe->zInit, pRe->nInit)!=0)
+){
+in.i++;
+}
+if( in.i+pRe->nInit>in.mx ) return 0;
+c = RE_START-1;
+}
+if( pRe->nState<=(sizeof(aSpace)/(sizeof(aSpace[0])*2)) ){
+pToFree = 0;
+aStateSet[0].aState = aSpace;
+}else{
+pToFree = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(ReStateNumber)*2*pRe->nState );
+if( pToFree==0 ) return -1;
+aStateSet[0].aState = pToFree;
+}
+aStateSet[1].aState = &aStateSet[0].aState[pRe->nState];
+pNext = &aStateSet[1];
+pNext->nState = 0;
+re_add_state(pNext, 0);
+while( c!=RE_EOF && pNext->nState>0 ){
+cPrev = c;
+c = pRe->xNextChar(&in);
+pThis = pNext;
+pNext = &aStateSet[iSwap];
+iSwap = 1 - iSwap;
+pNext->nState = 0;
+for(i=0; i<pThis->nState; i++){
+int x = pThis->aState[i];
+switch( pRe->aOp[x] ){
+case RE_OP_MATCH: {
+if( pRe->aArg[x]==c ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_ATSTART: {
+if( cPrev==RE_START ) re_add_state(pThis, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_ANY: {
+if( c!=0 ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_WORD: {
+if( re_word_char(c) ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_NOTWORD: {
+if( !re_word_char(c) && c!=0 ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_DIGIT: {
+if( re_digit_char(c) ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_NOTDIGIT: {
+if( !re_digit_char(c) && c!=0 ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_SPACE: {
+if( re_space_char(c) ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_NOTSPACE: {
+if( !re_space_char(c) && c!=0 ) re_add_state(pNext, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_BOUNDARY: {
+if( re_word_char(c)!=re_word_char(cPrev) ) re_add_state(pThis, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_ANYSTAR: {
+re_add_state(pNext, x);
+re_add_state(pThis, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_FORK: {
+re_add_state(pThis, x+pRe->aArg[x]);
+re_add_state(pThis, x+1);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_GOTO: {
+re_add_state(pThis, x+pRe->aArg[x]);
+break;
+}
+case RE_OP_ACCEPT: {
+rc = 1;
+goto re_match_end;
+}
+case RE_OP_CC_EXC: {
+if( c==0 ) break;
+/* fall-through */ goto re_op_cc_inc;
+}
+case RE_OP_CC_INC: re_op_cc_inc: {
+int j = 1;
+int n = pRe->aArg[x];
+int hit = 0;
+for(j=1; j>0 && j<n; j++){
+if( pRe->aOp[x+j]==RE_OP_CC_VALUE ){
+if( pRe->aArg[x+j]==c ){
+hit = 1;
+j = -1;
+}
+}else{
+if( pRe->aArg[x+j]<=c && pRe->aArg[x+j+1]>=c ){
+hit = 1;
+j = -1;
+}else{
+j++;
+}
+}
+}
+if( pRe->aOp[x]==RE_OP_CC_EXC ) hit = !hit;
+if( hit ) re_add_state(pNext, x+n);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+for(i=0; i<pNext->nState; i++){
+int x = pNext->aState[i];
+while( pRe->aOp[x]==RE_OP_GOTO ) x += pRe->aArg[x];
+if( pRe->aOp[x]==RE_OP_ACCEPT ){ rc = 1; break; }
+}
+re_match_end:
+sqlite3_free(pToFree);
+return rc;
+}
+/* Resize the opcode and argument arrays for an RE under construction.
+*/
+static int re_resize(ReCompiled *p, unsigned int N){
+char *aOp;
+int *aArg;
+if( N>p->mxAlloc ){ p->zErr = "REGEXP pattern too big"; return 1; }
+aOp = sqlite3_realloc64(p->aOp, N*sizeof(p->aOp[0]));
+if( aOp==0 ){ p->zErr = "out of memory"; return 1; }
+p->aOp = aOp;
+aArg = sqlite3_realloc64(p->aArg, N*sizeof(p->aArg[0]));
+if( aArg==0 ){ p->zErr = "out of memory"; return 1; }
+p->aArg = aArg;
+p->nAlloc = N;
+return 0;
+}
+/* Insert a new opcode and argument into an RE under construction.  The
+** insertion point is just prior to existing opcode iBefore.
+*/
+static int re_insert(ReCompiled *p, int iBefore, int op, int arg){
+int i;
+if( p->nAlloc<=p->nState && re_resize(p, p->nAlloc*2) ) return 0;
+for(i=p->nState; i>iBefore; i--){
+p->aOp[i] = p->aOp[i-1];
+p->aArg[i] = p->aArg[i-1];
+}
+p->nState++;
+p->aOp[iBefore] = (char)op;
+p->aArg[iBefore] = arg;
+return iBefore;
+}
+/* Append a new opcode and argument to the end of the RE under construction.
+*/
+static int re_append(ReCompiled *p, int op, int arg){
+return re_insert(p, p->nState, op, arg);
+}
+/* Make a copy of N opcodes starting at iStart onto the end of the RE
+** under construction.
+*/
+static void re_copy(ReCompiled *p, int iStart, unsigned int N){
+if( p->nState+N>=p->nAlloc && re_resize(p, p->nAlloc*2+N) ) return;
+memcpy(&p->aOp[p->nState], &p->aOp[iStart], N*sizeof(p->aOp[0]));
+memcpy(&p->aArg[p->nState], &p->aArg[iStart], N*sizeof(p->aArg[0]));
+p->nState += N;
+}
+/* Return true if c is a hexadecimal digit character:  [0-9a-fA-F]
+** If c is a hex digit, also set *pV = (*pV)*16 + valueof(c).  If
+** c is not a hex digit *pV is unchanged.
+*/
+static int re_hex(int c, int *pV){
+if( c>='0' && c<='9' ){
+c -= '0';
+}else if( c>='a' && c<='f' ){
+c -= 'a' - 10;
+}else if( c>='A' && c<='F' ){
+c -= 'A' - 10;
+}else{
+return 0;
+}
+*pV = (*pV)*16 + (c & 0xff);
+return 1;
+}
+/* A backslash character has been seen, read the next character and
+** return its interpretation.
+*/
+static unsigned re_esc_char(ReCompiled *p){
+static const char zEsc[] = "afnrtv\\()*.+?[$^{|}]";
+static const char zTrans[] = "\a\f\n\r\t\v";
+int i, v = 0;
+char c;
+if( p->sIn.i>=p->sIn.mx ) return 0;
+c = p->sIn.z[p->sIn.i];
+if( c=='u' && p->sIn.i+4<p->sIn.mx ){
+const unsigned char *zIn = p->sIn.z + p->sIn.i;
+if( re_hex(zIn[1],&v)
+&& re_hex(zIn[2],&v)
+&& re_hex(zIn[3],&v)
+&& re_hex(zIn[4],&v)
+){
+p->sIn.i += 5;
+return v;
+}
+}
+if( c=='x' && p->sIn.i+2<p->sIn.mx ){
+const unsigned char *zIn = p->sIn.z + p->sIn.i;
+if( re_hex(zIn[1],&v)
+&& re_hex(zIn[2],&v)
+){
+p->sIn.i += 3;
+return v;
+}
+}
+for(i=0; zEsc[i] && zEsc[i]!=c; i++){}
+if( zEsc[i] ){
+if( i<6 ) c = zTrans[i];
+p->sIn.i++;
+}else{
+p->zErr = "unknown \\ escape";
+}
+return c;
+}
+/* Forward declaration */
+static const char *re_subcompile_string(ReCompiled*);
+/* Peek at the next byte of input */
+static unsigned char rePeek(ReCompiled *p){
+return p->sIn.i<p->sIn.mx ? p->sIn.z[p->sIn.i] : 0;
+}
+/* Compile RE text into a sequence of opcodes.  Continue up to the
+** first unmatched ")" character, then return.  If an error is found,
+** return a pointer to the error message string.
+*/
+static const char *re_subcompile_re(ReCompiled *p){
+const char *zErr;
+int iStart, iEnd, iGoto;
+iStart = p->nState;
+zErr = re_subcompile_string(p);
+if( zErr ) return zErr;
+while( rePeek(p)=='|' ){
+iEnd = p->nState;
+re_insert(p, iStart, RE_OP_FORK, iEnd + 2 - iStart);
+iGoto = re_append(p, RE_OP_GOTO, 0);
+p->sIn.i++;
+zErr = re_subcompile_string(p);
+if( zErr ) return zErr;
+p->aArg[iGoto] = p->nState - iGoto;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/* Compile an element of regular expression text (anything that can be
+** an operand to the "|" operator).  Return NULL on success or a pointer
+** to the error message if there is a problem.
+*/
+static const char *re_subcompile_string(ReCompiled *p){
+int iPrev = -1;
+int iStart;
+unsigned c;
+const char *zErr;
+while( (c = p->xNextChar(&p->sIn))!=0 ){
+iStart = p->nState;
+switch( c ){
+case '|':
+case ')': {
+p->sIn.i--;
+return 0;
+}
+case '(': {
+zErr = re_subcompile_re(p);
+if( zErr ) return zErr;
+if( rePeek(p)!=')' ) return "unmatched '('";
+p->sIn.i++;
+break;
+}
+case '.': {
+if( rePeek(p)=='*' ){
+re_append(p, RE_OP_ANYSTAR, 0);
+p->sIn.i++;
+}else{
+re_append(p, RE_OP_ANY, 0);
+}
+break;
+}
+case '*': {
+if( iPrev<0 ) return "'*' without operand";
+re_insert(p, iPrev, RE_OP_GOTO, p->nState - iPrev + 1);
+re_append(p, RE_OP_FORK, iPrev - p->nState + 1);
+break;
+}
+case '+': {
+if( iPrev<0 ) return "'+' without operand";
+re_append(p, RE_OP_FORK, iPrev - p->nState);
+break;
+}
+case '?': {
+if( iPrev<0 ) return "'?' without operand";
+re_insert(p, iPrev, RE_OP_FORK, p->nState - iPrev+1);
+break;
+}
+case '$': {
+re_append(p, RE_OP_MATCH, RE_EOF);
+break;
+}
+case '^': {
+re_append(p, RE_OP_ATSTART, 0);
+break;
+}
+case '{': {
+unsigned int m = 0, n = 0;
+unsigned int sz, j;
+if( iPrev<0 ) return "'{m,n}' without operand";
+while( (c=rePeek(p))>='0' && c<='9' ){
+m = m*10 + c - '0';
+if( m*2>p->mxAlloc ) return "REGEXP pattern too big";
+p->sIn.i++;
+}
+n = m;
+if( c==',' ){
+p->sIn.i++;
+n = 0;
+while( (c=rePeek(p))>='0' && c<='9' ){
+n = n*10 + c-'0';
+if( n*2>p->mxAlloc ) return "REGEXP pattern too big";
+p->sIn.i++;
+}
+}
+if( c!='}' ) return "unmatched '{'";
+if( n<m ) return "n less than m in '{m,n}'";
+p->sIn.i++;
+sz = p->nState - iPrev;
+if( m==0 ){
+if( n==0 ) return "both m and n are zero in '{m,n}'";
+re_insert(p, iPrev, RE_OP_FORK, sz+1);
+iPrev++;
+n--;
+}else{
+for(j=1; j<m; j++) re_copy(p, iPrev, sz);
+}
+for(j=m; j<n; j++){
+re_append(p, RE_OP_FORK, sz+1);
+re_copy(p, iPrev, sz);
+}
+if( n==0 && m>0 ){
+re_append(p, RE_OP_FORK, -(int)sz);
+}
+break;
+}
+case '[': {
+unsigned int iFirst = p->nState;
+if( rePeek(p)=='^' ){
+re_append(p, RE_OP_CC_EXC, 0);
+p->sIn.i++;
+}else{
+re_append(p, RE_OP_CC_INC, 0);
+}
+while( (c = p->xNextChar(&p->sIn))!=0 ){
+if( c=='[' && rePeek(p)==':' ){
+return "POSIX character classes not supported";
+}
+if( c=='\\' ) c = re_esc_char(p);
+if( rePeek(p)=='-' ){
+re_append(p, RE_OP_CC_RANGE, c);
+p->sIn.i++;
+c = p->xNextChar(&p->sIn);
+if( c=='\\' ) c = re_esc_char(p);
+re_append(p, RE_OP_CC_RANGE, c);
+}else{
+re_append(p, RE_OP_CC_VALUE, c);
+}
+if( rePeek(p)==']' ){ p->sIn.i++; break; }
+}
+if( c==0 ) return "unclosed '['";
+if( p->nState>iFirst ) p->aArg[iFirst] = p->nState - iFirst;
+break;
+}
+case '\\': {
+int specialOp = 0;
+switch( rePeek(p) ){
+case 'b': specialOp = RE_OP_BOUNDARY;   break;
+case 'd': specialOp = RE_OP_DIGIT;      break;
+case 'D': specialOp = RE_OP_NOTDIGIT;   break;
+case 's': specialOp = RE_OP_SPACE;      break;
+case 'S': specialOp = RE_OP_NOTSPACE;   break;
+case 'w': specialOp = RE_OP_WORD;       break;
+case 'W': specialOp = RE_OP_NOTWORD;    break;
+}
+if( specialOp ){
+p->sIn.i++;
+re_append(p, specialOp, 0);
+}else{
+c = re_esc_char(p);
+re_append(p, RE_OP_MATCH, c);
+}
+break;
+}
+default: {
+re_append(p, RE_OP_MATCH, c);
+break;
+}
+}
+iPrev = iStart;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/* Free and reclaim all the memory used by a previously compiled
+** regular expression.  Applications should invoke this routine once
+** for every call to re_compile() to avoid memory leaks.
+*/
+static void re_free(ReCompiled *pRe){
+if( pRe ){
+sqlite3_free(pRe->aOp);
+sqlite3_free(pRe->aArg);
+sqlite3_free(pRe);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Version of re_free() that accepts a pointer of type (void*). Required
+** to satisfy sanitizers when the re_free() function is called via a
+** function pointer.
+*/
+static void re_free_voidptr(void *p){
+re_free((ReCompiled*)p);
+}
+/*
+** Compile a textual regular expression in zIn[] into a compiled regular
+** expression suitable for us by re_match() and return a pointer to the
+** compiled regular expression in *ppRe.  Return NULL on success or an
+** error message if something goes wrong.
+*/
+static const char *re_compile(
+ReCompiled **ppRe,      /* OUT: write compiled NFA here */
+const char *zIn,        /* Input regular expression */
+int mxRe,               /* Complexity limit */
+int noCase              /* True for caseless comparisons */
+){
+ReCompiled *pRe;
+const char *zErr;
+int i, j;
+*ppRe = 0;
+pRe = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pRe) );
+if( pRe==0 ){
+return "out of memory";
+}
+memset(pRe, 0, sizeof(*pRe));
+pRe->xNextChar = noCase ? re_next_char_nocase : re_next_char;
+pRe->mxAlloc = mxRe;
+if( re_resize(pRe, 30) ){
+zErr = pRe->zErr;
+re_free(pRe);
+return zErr;
+}
+if( zIn[0]=='^' ){
+zIn++;
+}else{
+re_append(pRe, RE_OP_ANYSTAR, 0);
+}
+pRe->sIn.z = (unsigned char*)zIn;
+pRe->sIn.i = 0;
+pRe->sIn.mx = (int)strlen(zIn);
+zErr = re_subcompile_re(pRe);
+if( zErr ){
+re_free(pRe);
+return zErr;
+}
+if( pRe->sIn.i>=pRe->sIn.mx ){
+re_append(pRe, RE_OP_ACCEPT, 0);
+*ppRe = pRe;
+}else{
+re_free(pRe);
+return "unrecognized character";
+}
+/* The following is a performance optimization.  If the regex begins with
+** ".*" (if the input regex lacks an initial "^") and afterwards there are
+** one or more matching characters, enter those matching characters into
+** zInit[].  The re_match() routine can then search ahead in the input
+** string looking for the initial match without having to run the whole
+** regex engine over the string.  Do not worry about trying to match
+** unicode characters beyond plane 0 - those are very rare and this is
+** just an optimization. */
+if( pRe->aOp[0]==RE_OP_ANYSTAR && !noCase ){
+for(j=0, i=1; j<(int)sizeof(pRe->zInit)-2 && pRe->aOp[i]==RE_OP_MATCH; i++){
+unsigned x = pRe->aArg[i];
+if( x<=0x7f ){
+pRe->zInit[j++] = (unsigned char)x;
+}else if( x<=0x7ff ){
+pRe->zInit[j++] = (unsigned char)(0xc0 | (x>>6));
+pRe->zInit[j++] = 0x80 | (x&0x3f);
+}else if( x<=0xffff ){
+pRe->zInit[j++] = (unsigned char)(0xe0 | (x>>12));
+pRe->zInit[j++] = 0x80 | ((x>>6)&0x3f);
+pRe->zInit[j++] = 0x80 | (x&0x3f);
+}else{
+break;
+}
+}
+if( j>0 && pRe->zInit[j-1]==0 ) j--;
+pRe->nInit = j;
+}
+return pRe->zErr;
+}
+/*
+** Compute a reasonable limit on the length of the REGEXP NFA.
+*/
+static int re_maxlen(sqlite3_context *context){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
+return 75 + sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH,-1)/2;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the regexp() SQL function.  This function implements
+** the build-in REGEXP operator.  The first argument to the function is the
+** pattern and the second argument is the string.  So, the SQL statements:
+**
+**       A REGEXP B
+**
+** is implemented as regexp(B,A).
+*/
+static void re_sql_func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+ReCompiled *pRe;          /* Compiled regular expression */
+const char *zPattern;     /* The regular expression */
+const unsigned char *zStr;/* String being searched */
+const char *zErr;         /* Compile error message */
+int setAux = 0;           /* True to invoke sqlite3_set_auxdata() */
+(void)argc;  /* Unused */
+pRe = sqlite3_get_auxdata(context, 0);
+if( pRe==0 ){
+zPattern = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zPattern==0 ) return;
+zErr = re_compile(&pRe, zPattern, re_maxlen(context),
+sqlite3_user_data(context)!=0);
+if( zErr ){
+re_free(pRe);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, -1);
+return;
+}
+if( pRe==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+setAux = 1;
+}
+zStr = (const unsigned char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
+if( zStr!=0 ){
+sqlite3_result_int(context, re_match(pRe, zStr, -1));
+}
+if( setAux ){
+sqlite3_set_auxdata(context, 0, pRe, re_free_voidptr);
+}
+}
+#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+/*
+** This function is used for testing and debugging only.  It is only available
+** if the SQLITE_DEBUG compile-time option is used.
+**
+** Compile a regular expression and then convert the compiled expression into
+** text and return that text.
+*/
+static void re_bytecode_func(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zPattern;
+const char *zErr;
+ReCompiled *pRe;
+sqlite3_str *pStr;
+int i;
+int n;
+char *z;
+(void)argc;
+static const char *ReOpName[] = {
+"EOF",
+"MATCH",
+"ANY",
+"ANYSTAR",
+"FORK",
+"GOTO",
+"ACCEPT",
+"CC_INC",
+"CC_EXC",
+"CC_VALUE",
+"CC_RANGE",
+"WORD",
+"NOTWORD",
+"DIGIT",
+"NOTDIGIT",
+"SPACE",
+"NOTSPACE",
+"BOUNDARY",
+"ATSTART",
+};
+zPattern = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zPattern==0 ) return;
+zErr = re_compile(&pRe, zPattern, re_maxlen(context),
+sqlite3_user_data(context)!=0);
+if( zErr ){
+re_free(pRe);
+sqlite3_result_error(context, zErr, -1);
+return;
+}
+if( pRe==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+pStr = sqlite3_str_new(0);
+if( pStr==0 ) goto re_bytecode_func_err;
+if( pRe->nInit>0 ){
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "INIT     ");
+for(i=0; i<pRe->nInit; i++){
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "%02x", pRe->zInit[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "\n");
+}
+for(i=0; (unsigned)i<pRe->nState; i++){
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "%-8s %4d\n",
+ReOpName[(unsigned char)pRe->aOp[i]], pRe->aArg[i]);
+}
+n = sqlite3_str_length(pStr);
+z = sqlite3_str_finish(pStr);
+if( n==0 ){
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_text(context, z, n-1, sqlite3_free);
+}
+re_bytecode_func_err:
+re_free(pRe);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
+/*
+** Invoke this routine to register the regexp() function with the
+** SQLite database connection.
+*/
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_regexp_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "regexp", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, re_sql_func, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+/* The regexpi(PATTERN,STRING) function is a case-insensitive version
+** of regexp(PATTERN,STRING). */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "regexpi", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+(void*)db, re_sql_func, 0, 0);
+#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "regexp_bytecode", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
+0, re_bytecode_func, 0, 0);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/regexp.c ********************/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/fileio.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2014-06-13
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This SQLite extension implements SQL functions readfile() and
+** writefile(), and eponymous virtual type "fsdir".
+**
+** WRITEFILE(FILE, DATA [, MODE [, MTIME]]):
+**
+**   If neither of the optional arguments is present, then this UDF
+**   function writes blob DATA to file FILE. If successful, the number
+**   of bytes written is returned. If an error occurs, NULL is returned.
+**
+**   If the first option argument - MODE - is present, then it must
+**   be passed an integer value that corresponds to a POSIX mode
+**   value (file type + permissions, as returned in the stat.st_mode
+**   field by the stat() system call). Three types of files may
+**   be written/created:
+**
+**     regular files:  (mode & 0170000)==0100000
+**     symbolic links: (mode & 0170000)==0120000
+**     directories:    (mode & 0170000)==0040000
+**
+**   For a directory, the DATA is ignored. For a symbolic link, it is
+**   interpreted as text and used as the target of the link. For a
+**   regular file, it is interpreted as a blob and written into the
+**   named file. Regardless of the type of file, its permissions are
+**   set to (mode & 0777) before returning.
+**
+**   If the optional MTIME argument is present, then it is interpreted
+**   as an integer - the number of seconds since the unix epoch. The
+**   modification-time of the target file is set to this value before
+**   returning.
+**
+**   If five or more arguments are passed to this function and an
+**   error is encountered, an exception is raised.
+**
+** READFILE(FILE):
+**
+**   Read and return the contents of file FILE (type blob) from disk.
+**
+** FSDIR:
+**
+**   Used as follows:
+**
+**     SELECT * FROM fsdir($path [, $dir]);
+**
+**   Parameter $path is an absolute or relative pathname. If the file that it
+**   refers to does not exist, it is an error. If the path refers to a regular
+**   file or symbolic link, it returns a single row. Or, if the path refers
+**   to a directory, it returns one row for the directory, and one row for each
+**   file within the hierarchy rooted at $path.
+**
+**   Each row has the following columns:
+**
+**     name:  Path to file or directory (text value).
+**     mode:  Value of stat.st_mode for directory entry (an integer).
+**     mtime: Value of stat.st_mtime for directory entry (an integer).
+**     data:  For a regular file, a blob containing the file data. For a
+**            symlink, a text value containing the text of the link. For a
+**            directory, NULL.
+**     level: Directory hierarchy level.  Topmost is 1.
+**
+**   If a non-NULL value is specified for the optional $dir parameter and
+**   $path is a relative path, then $path is interpreted relative to $dir.
+**   And the paths returned in the "name" column of the table are also
+**   relative to directory $dir.
+**
+** Notes on building this extension for Windows:
+**   Unless linked statically with the SQLite library, a preprocessor
+**   symbol, FILEIO_WIN32_DLL, must be #define'd to create a stand-alone
+**   DLL form of this extension for WIN32. See its use below for details.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
+#  include <unistd.h>
+#  include <dirent.h>
+#  include <utime.h>
+#  include <sys/time.h>
+#  define STRUCT_STAT struct stat
+#else
+/* #  include "windirent.h" */
+#  include <direct.h>
+#  define STRUCT_STAT struct _stat
+#  define chmod(path,mode) fileio_chmod(path,mode)
+#  define mkdir(path,mode) fileio_mkdir(path)
+#endif
+#include <time.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+/* When used as part of the CLI, the sqlite3_stdio.h module will have
+** been included before this one. In that case use the sqlite3_stdio.h
+** #defines.  If not, create our own for fopen().
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_
+# define sqlite3_fopen fopen
+#endif
+/*
+** Structure of the fsdir() table-valued function
+*/
+/*    0    1    2     3    4     5           6          */
+#define FSDIR_SCHEMA "(name,mode,mtime,data,level,path HIDDEN,dir HIDDEN)"
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_NAME     0     /* Name of the file */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_MODE     1     /* Access mode */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_MTIME    2     /* Last modification time */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_DATA     3     /* File content */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_LEVEL    4     /* Level.  Topmost is 1 */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_PATH     5     /* Path to top of search */
+#define FSDIR_COLUMN_DIR      6     /* Path is relative to this directory */
+/*
+** UTF8 chmod() function for Windows
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+static int fileio_chmod(const char *zPath, int pmode){
+sqlite3_int64 sz = strlen(zPath);
+wchar_t *b1 = sqlite3_malloc64( (sz+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+int rc;
+if( b1==0 ) return -1;
+sz = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, sz, b1, sz);
+b1[sz] = 0;
+rc = _wchmod(b1, pmode);
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return rc;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** UTF8 mkdir() function for Windows
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+static int fileio_mkdir(const char *zPath){
+sqlite3_int64 sz = strlen(zPath);
+wchar_t *b1 = sqlite3_malloc64( (sz+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+int rc;
+if( b1==0 ) return -1;
+sz = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, sz, b1, sz);
+b1[sz] = 0;
+rc = _wmkdir(b1);
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return rc;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Set the result stored by context ctx to a blob containing the
+** contents of file zName.  Or, leave the result unchanged (NULL)
+** if the file does not exist or is unreadable.
+**
+** If the file exceeds the SQLite blob size limit, through an
+** SQLITE_TOOBIG error.
+**
+** Throw an SQLITE_IOERR if there are difficulties pulling the file
+** off of disk.
+*/
+static void readFileContents(sqlite3_context *ctx, const char *zName){
+FILE *in;
+sqlite3_int64 nIn;
+void *pBuf;
+sqlite3 *db;
+int mxBlob;
+in = sqlite3_fopen(zName, "rb");
+if( in==0 ){
+/* File does not exist or is unreadable. Leave the result set to NULL. */
+return;
+}
+fseek(in, 0, SEEK_END);
+nIn = ftell(in);
+rewind(in);
+db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(ctx);
+mxBlob = sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, -1);
+if( nIn>mxBlob ){
+sqlite3_result_error_code(ctx, SQLITE_TOOBIG);
+fclose(in);
+return;
+}
+pBuf = sqlite3_malloc64( nIn ? nIn : 1 );
+if( pBuf==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
+fclose(in);
+return;
+}
+if( nIn==(sqlite3_int64)fread(pBuf, 1, (size_t)nIn, in) ){
+sqlite3_result_blob64(ctx, pBuf, nIn, sqlite3_free);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_error_code(ctx, SQLITE_IOERR);
+sqlite3_free(pBuf);
+}
+fclose(in);
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the "readfile(X)" SQL function.  The entire content
+** of the file named X is read and returned as a BLOB.  NULL is returned
+** if the file does not exist or is unreadable.
+*/
+static void readfileFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zName;
+(void)(argc);  /* Unused parameter */
+zName = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zName==0 ) return;
+readFileContents(context, zName);
+}
+/*
+** Set the error message contained in context ctx to the results of
+** vprintf(zFmt, ...).
+*/
+static void ctxErrorMsg(sqlite3_context *ctx, const char *zFmt, ...){
+char *zMsg = 0;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+zMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+sqlite3_result_error(ctx, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+/*
+** This function is designed to convert a Win32 FILETIME structure into the
+** number of seconds since the Unix Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC).
+*/
+static sqlite3_uint64 fileTimeToUnixTime(
+LPFILETIME pFileTime
+){
+SYSTEMTIME epochSystemTime;
+ULARGE_INTEGER epochIntervals;
+FILETIME epochFileTime;
+ULARGE_INTEGER fileIntervals;
+memset(&epochSystemTime, 0, sizeof(SYSTEMTIME));
+epochSystemTime.wYear = 1970;
+epochSystemTime.wMonth = 1;
+epochSystemTime.wDay = 1;
+SystemTimeToFileTime(&epochSystemTime, &epochFileTime);
+epochIntervals.LowPart = epochFileTime.dwLowDateTime;
+epochIntervals.HighPart = epochFileTime.dwHighDateTime;
+fileIntervals.LowPart = pFileTime->dwLowDateTime;
+fileIntervals.HighPart = pFileTime->dwHighDateTime;
+return (fileIntervals.QuadPart - epochIntervals.QuadPart) / 10000000;
+}
+#if defined(FILEIO_WIN32_DLL) && (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32))
+#  /* To allow a standalone DLL, use this next replacement function: */
+#  undef sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode
+#  define sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode utf8_to_utf16
+#
+LPWSTR utf8_to_utf16(const char *z){
+int nAllot = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, z, -1, NULL, 0);
+LPWSTR rv = sqlite3_malloc(nAllot * sizeof(WCHAR));
+if( rv!=0 && 0 < MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, z, -1, rv, nAllot) )
+return rv;
+sqlite3_free(rv);
+return 0;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** This function attempts to normalize the time values found in the stat()
+** buffer to UTC.  This is necessary on Win32, where the runtime library
+** appears to return these values as local times.
+*/
+static void statTimesToUtc(
+const char *zPath,
+STRUCT_STAT *pStatBuf
+){
+HANDLE hFindFile;
+WIN32_FIND_DATAW fd;
+LPWSTR zUnicodeName;
+extern LPWSTR sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(const char*);
+zUnicodeName = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(zPath);
+if( zUnicodeName ){
+memset(&fd, 0, sizeof(WIN32_FIND_DATAW));
+hFindFile = FindFirstFileW(zUnicodeName, &fd);
+if( hFindFile!=NULL ){
+pStatBuf->st_ctime = (time_t)fileTimeToUnixTime(&fd.ftCreationTime);
+pStatBuf->st_atime = (time_t)fileTimeToUnixTime(&fd.ftLastAccessTime);
+pStatBuf->st_mtime = (time_t)fileTimeToUnixTime(&fd.ftLastWriteTime);
+FindClose(hFindFile);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zUnicodeName);
+}
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** This function is used in place of stat().  On Windows, special handling
+** is required in order for the included time to be returned as UTC.  On all
+** other systems, this function simply calls stat().
+*/
+static int fileStat(
+const char *zPath,
+STRUCT_STAT *pStatBuf
+){
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+sqlite3_int64 sz = strlen(zPath);
+wchar_t *b1 = sqlite3_malloc64( (sz+1)*sizeof(b1[0]) );
+int rc;
+if( b1==0 ) return 1;
+sz = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, sz, b1, sz);
+b1[sz] = 0;
+rc = _wstat(b1, pStatBuf);
+if( rc==0 ) statTimesToUtc(zPath, pStatBuf);
+sqlite3_free(b1);
+return rc;
+#else
+return stat(zPath, pStatBuf);
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** This function is used in place of lstat().  On Windows, special handling
+** is required in order for the included time to be returned as UTC.  On all
+** other systems, this function simply calls lstat().
+*/
+static int fileLinkStat(
+const char *zPath,
+STRUCT_STAT *pStatBuf
+){
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+return fileStat(zPath, pStatBuf);
+#else
+return lstat(zPath, pStatBuf);
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** Argument zFile is the name of a file that will be created and/or written
+** by SQL function writefile(). This function ensures that the directory
+** zFile will be written to exists, creating it if required. The permissions
+** for any path components created by this function are set in accordance
+** with the current umask.
+**
+** If an OOM condition is encountered, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. Otherwise,
+** SQLITE_OK is returned if the directory is successfully created, or
+** SQLITE_ERROR otherwise.
+*/
+static int makeDirectory(
+const char *zFile
+){
+char *zCopy = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zFile);
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( zCopy==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+int nCopy = (int)strlen(zCopy);
+int i = 1;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+STRUCT_STAT sStat;
+int rc2;
+for(; zCopy[i]!='/' && i<nCopy; i++);
+if( i==nCopy ) break;
+zCopy[i] = '\0';
+rc2 = fileStat(zCopy, &sStat);
+if( rc2!=0 ){
+if( mkdir(zCopy, 0777) ) rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+if( !S_ISDIR(sStat.st_mode) ) rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+zCopy[i] = '/';
+i++;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCopy);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This function does the work for the writefile() UDF. Refer to
+** header comments at the top of this file for details.
+*/
+static int writeFile(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context to return bytes written in */
+const char *zFile,              /* File to write */
+sqlite3_value *pData,           /* Data to write */
+mode_t mode,                    /* MODE parameter passed to writefile() */
+sqlite3_int64 mtime             /* MTIME parameter (or -1 to not set time) */
+){
+if( zFile==0 ) return 1;
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
+if( S_ISLNK(mode) ){
+const char *zTo = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pData);
+if( zTo==0 ) return 1;
+unlink(zFile);
+if( symlink(zTo, zFile)<0 ) return 1;
+}else
+#endif
+{
+if( S_ISDIR(mode) ){
+if( mkdir(zFile, mode) ){
+/* The mkdir() call to create the directory failed. This might not
+** be an error though - if there is already a directory at the same
+** path and either the permissions already match or can be changed
+** to do so using chmod(), it is not an error.  */
+STRUCT_STAT sStat;
+if( errno!=EEXIST
+|| 0!=fileStat(zFile, &sStat)
+|| !S_ISDIR(sStat.st_mode)
+|| ((sStat.st_mode&0777)!=(mode&0777) && 0!=chmod(zFile, mode&0777))
+){
+return 1;
+}
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_int64 nWrite = 0;
+const char *z;
+int rc = 0;
+FILE *out = sqlite3_fopen(zFile, "wb");
+if( out==0 ) return 1;
+z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_blob(pData);
+if( z ){
+sqlite3_int64 n = fwrite(z, 1, sqlite3_value_bytes(pData), out);
+nWrite = sqlite3_value_bytes(pData);
+if( nWrite!=n ){
+rc = 1;
+}
+}
+fclose(out);
+if( rc==0 && mode && chmod(zFile, mode & 0777) ){
+rc = 1;
+}
+if( rc ) return 2;
+sqlite3_result_int64(pCtx, nWrite);
+}
+}
+if( mtime>=0 ){
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+/* Windows */
+FILETIME lastAccess;
+FILETIME lastWrite;
+SYSTEMTIME currentTime;
+LONGLONG intervals;
+HANDLE hFile;
+LPWSTR zUnicodeName;
+extern LPWSTR sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(const char*);
+GetSystemTime(&currentTime);
+SystemTimeToFileTime(&currentTime, &lastAccess);
+intervals = (mtime*10000000) + 116444736000000000;
+lastWrite.dwLowDateTime = (DWORD)intervals;
+lastWrite.dwHighDateTime = intervals >> 32;
+zUnicodeName = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(zFile);
+if( zUnicodeName==0 ){
+return 1;
+}
+hFile = CreateFileW(
+zUnicodeName, FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
+FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL
+);
+sqlite3_free(zUnicodeName);
+if( hFile!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
+BOOL bResult = SetFileTime(hFile, NULL, &lastAccess, &lastWrite);
+CloseHandle(hFile);
+return !bResult;
+}else{
+return 1;
+}
+#endif
+#elif defined(AT_FDCWD) && 0 /* utimensat() is not universally available */
+/* Recent unix */
+struct timespec times[2];
+times[0].tv_nsec = times[1].tv_nsec = 0;
+times[0].tv_sec = time(0);
+times[1].tv_sec = mtime;
+if( utimensat(AT_FDCWD, zFile, times, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) ){
+return 1;
+}
+#else
+/* Legacy unix.
+**
+** Do not use utimes() on a symbolic link - it sees through the link and
+** modifies the timestamps on the target. Or fails if the target does
+** not exist.  */
+if( 0==S_ISLNK(mode) ){
+struct timeval times[2];
+times[0].tv_usec = times[1].tv_usec = 0;
+times[0].tv_sec = time(0);
+times[1].tv_sec = mtime;
+if( utimes(zFile, times) ){
+return 1;
+}
+}
+#endif
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the "writefile(W,X[,Y[,Z]]])" SQL function.
+** Refer to header comments at the top of this file for details.
+*/
+static void writefileFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zFile;
+mode_t mode = 0;
+int res;
+sqlite3_int64 mtime = -1;
+if( argc<2 || argc>4 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context,
+"wrong number of arguments to function writefile()", -1
+);
+return;
+}
+zFile = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zFile==0 ) return;
+if( argc>=3 ){
+mode = (mode_t)sqlite3_value_int(argv[2]);
+}
+if( argc==4 ){
+mtime = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[3]);
+}
+res = writeFile(context, zFile, argv[1], mode, mtime);
+if( res==1 && errno==ENOENT ){
+if( makeDirectory(zFile)==SQLITE_OK ){
+res = writeFile(context, zFile, argv[1], mode, mtime);
+}
+}
+if( argc>2 && res!=0 ){
+if( S_ISLNK(mode) ){
+ctxErrorMsg(context, "failed to create symlink: %s", zFile);
+}else if( S_ISDIR(mode) ){
+ctxErrorMsg(context, "failed to create directory: %s", zFile);
+}else{
+ctxErrorMsg(context, "failed to write file: %s", zFile);
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:   lsmode(MODE)
+**
+** Given a numberic st_mode from stat(), convert it into a human-readable
+** text string in the style of "ls -l".
+*/
+static void lsModeFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+int i;
+int iMode = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+char z[16];
+(void)argc;
+if( S_ISLNK(iMode) ){
+z[0] = 'l';
+}else if( S_ISREG(iMode) ){
+z[0] = '-';
+}else if( S_ISDIR(iMode) ){
+z[0] = 'd';
+}else{
+z[0] = '?';
+}
+for(i=0; i<3; i++){
+int m = (iMode >> ((2-i)*3));
+char *a = &z[1 + i*3];
+a[0] = (m & 0x4) ? 'r' : '-';
+a[1] = (m & 0x2) ? 'w' : '-';
+a[2] = (m & 0x1) ? 'x' : '-';
+}
+z[10] = '\0';
+sqlite3_result_text(context, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/*
+** Cursor type for recursively iterating through a directory structure.
+*/
+typedef struct fsdir_cursor fsdir_cursor;
+typedef struct FsdirLevel FsdirLevel;
+struct FsdirLevel {
+DIR *pDir;                 /* From opendir() */
+char *zDir;                /* Name of directory (nul-terminated) */
+};
+struct fsdir_cursor {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;  /* Base class - must be first */
+int nLvl;                  /* Number of entries in aLvl[] array */
+int mxLvl;                 /* Maximum level */
+int iLvl;                  /* Index of current entry */
+FsdirLevel *aLvl;          /* Hierarchy of directories being traversed */
+const char *zBase;
+int nBase;
+STRUCT_STAT sStat;         /* Current lstat() results */
+char *zPath;               /* Path to current entry */
+sqlite3_int64 iRowid;      /* Current rowid */
+};
+typedef struct fsdir_tab fsdir_tab;
+struct fsdir_tab {
+sqlite3_vtab base;         /* Base class - must be first */
+};
+/*
+** Construct a new fsdir virtual table object.
+*/
+static int fsdirConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pAux,
+int argc, const char *const*argv,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErr
+){
+fsdir_tab *pNew = 0;
+int rc;
+(void)pAux;
+(void)argc;
+(void)argv;
+(void)pzErr;
+rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, "CREATE TABLE x" FSDIR_SCHEMA);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew = (fsdir_tab*)sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pNew) );
+if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
+sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY);
+}
+*ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pNew;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This method is the destructor for fsdir vtab objects.
+*/
+static int fsdirDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+sqlite3_free(pVtab);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Constructor for a new fsdir_cursor object.
+*/
+static int fsdirOpen(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur;
+(void)p;
+pCur = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pCur) );
+if( pCur==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pCur, 0, sizeof(*pCur));
+pCur->iLvl = -1;
+*ppCursor = &pCur->base;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Reset a cursor back to the state it was in when first returned
+** by fsdirOpen().
+*/
+static void fsdirResetCursor(fsdir_cursor *pCur){
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<=pCur->iLvl; i++){
+FsdirLevel *pLvl = &pCur->aLvl[i];
+if( pLvl->pDir ) closedir(pLvl->pDir);
+sqlite3_free(pLvl->zDir);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pCur->zPath);
+sqlite3_free(pCur->aLvl);
+pCur->aLvl = 0;
+pCur->zPath = 0;
+pCur->zBase = 0;
+pCur->nBase = 0;
+pCur->nLvl = 0;
+pCur->iLvl = -1;
+pCur->iRowid = 1;
+}
+/*
+** Destructor for an fsdir_cursor.
+*/
+static int fsdirClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+fsdirResetCursor(pCur);
+sqlite3_free(pCur);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Set the error message for the virtual table associated with cursor
+** pCur to the results of vprintf(zFmt, ...).
+*/
+static void fsdirSetErrmsg(fsdir_cursor *pCur, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+pCur->base.pVtab->zErrMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+/*
+** Advance an fsdir_cursor to its next row of output.
+*/
+static int fsdirNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+mode_t m = pCur->sStat.st_mode;
+pCur->iRowid++;
+if( S_ISDIR(m) && pCur->iLvl+3<pCur->mxLvl ){
+/* Descend into this directory */
+int iNew = pCur->iLvl + 1;
+FsdirLevel *pLvl;
+if( iNew>=pCur->nLvl ){
+int nNew = iNew+1;
+sqlite3_int64 nByte = nNew*sizeof(FsdirLevel);
+FsdirLevel *aNew = (FsdirLevel*)sqlite3_realloc64(pCur->aLvl, nByte);
+if( aNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(&aNew[pCur->nLvl], 0, sizeof(FsdirLevel)*(nNew-pCur->nLvl));
+pCur->aLvl = aNew;
+pCur->nLvl = nNew;
+}
+pCur->iLvl = iNew;
+pLvl = &pCur->aLvl[iNew];
+pLvl->zDir = pCur->zPath;
+pCur->zPath = 0;
+pLvl->pDir = opendir(pLvl->zDir);
+if( pLvl->pDir==0 ){
+fsdirSetErrmsg(pCur, "cannot read directory: %s", pLvl->zDir);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+while( pCur->iLvl>=0 ){
+FsdirLevel *pLvl = &pCur->aLvl[pCur->iLvl];
+struct dirent *pEntry = readdir(pLvl->pDir);
+if( pEntry ){
+if( pEntry->d_name[0]=='.' ){
+if( pEntry->d_name[1]=='.' && pEntry->d_name[2]=='\0' ) continue;
+if( pEntry->d_name[1]=='\0' ) continue;
+}
+sqlite3_free(pCur->zPath);
+pCur->zPath = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/%s", pLvl->zDir, pEntry->d_name);
+if( pCur->zPath==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+if( fileLinkStat(pCur->zPath, &pCur->sStat) ){
+fsdirSetErrmsg(pCur, "cannot stat file: %s", pCur->zPath);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+closedir(pLvl->pDir);
+sqlite3_free(pLvl->zDir);
+pLvl->pDir = 0;
+pLvl->zDir = 0;
+pCur->iLvl--;
+}
+/* EOF */
+sqlite3_free(pCur->zPath);
+pCur->zPath = 0;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return values of columns for the row at which the series_cursor
+** is currently pointing.
+*/
+static int fsdirColumn(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
+sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
+int i                       /* Which column to return */
+){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+switch( i ){
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_NAME: {
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, &pCur->zPath[pCur->nBase], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_MODE:
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCur->sStat.st_mode);
+break;
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_MTIME:
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCur->sStat.st_mtime);
+break;
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_DATA: {
+mode_t m = pCur->sStat.st_mode;
+if( S_ISDIR(m) ){
+sqlite3_result_null(ctx);
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
+}else if( S_ISLNK(m) ){
+char aStatic[64];
+char *aBuf = aStatic;
+sqlite3_int64 nBuf = 64;
+int n;
+while( 1 ){
+n = readlink(pCur->zPath, aBuf, nBuf);
+if( n<nBuf ) break;
+if( aBuf!=aStatic ) sqlite3_free(aBuf);
+nBuf = nBuf*2;
+aBuf = sqlite3_malloc64(nBuf);
+if( aBuf==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
+return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, aBuf, n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+if( aBuf!=aStatic ) sqlite3_free(aBuf);
+#endif
+}else{
+readFileContents(ctx, pCur->zPath);
+}
+break;
+}
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_LEVEL:
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCur->iLvl+2);
+break;
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_PATH:
+default: {
+/* The FSDIR_COLUMN_PATH and FSDIR_COLUMN_DIR are input parameters.
+** always return their values as NULL */
+break;
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return the rowid for the current row. In this implementation, the
+** first row returned is assigned rowid value 1, and each subsequent
+** row a value 1 more than that of the previous.
+*/
+static int fsdirRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+*pRowid = pCur->iRowid;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the cursor has been moved off of the last
+** row of output.
+*/
+static int fsdirEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+return (pCur->zPath==0);
+}
+/*
+** xFilter callback.
+**
+** idxNum bit      Meaning
+**     0x01         PATH=N
+**     0x02         DIR=N
+**     0x04         LEVEL<N
+**     0x08         LEVEL<=N
+*/
+static int fsdirFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zDir = 0;
+fsdir_cursor *pCur = (fsdir_cursor*)cur;
+int i;
+(void)idxStr;
+fsdirResetCursor(pCur);
+if( idxNum==0 ){
+fsdirSetErrmsg(pCur, "table function fsdir requires an argument");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+assert( (idxNum & 0x01)!=0 && argc>0 );
+zDir = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zDir==0 ){
+fsdirSetErrmsg(pCur, "table function fsdir requires a non-NULL argument");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+i = 1;
+if( (idxNum & 0x02)!=0 ){
+assert( argc>i );
+pCur->zBase = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i++]);
+}
+if( (idxNum & 0x0c)!=0 ){
+assert( argc>i );
+pCur->mxLvl = sqlite3_value_int(argv[i++]);
+if( idxNum & 0x08 ) pCur->mxLvl++;
+if( pCur->mxLvl<=0 ) pCur->mxLvl = 1000000000;
+}else{
+pCur->mxLvl = 1000000000;
+}
+if( pCur->zBase ){
+pCur->nBase = (int)strlen(pCur->zBase)+1;
+pCur->zPath = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/%s", pCur->zBase, zDir);
+}else{
+pCur->zPath = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zDir);
+}
+if( pCur->zPath==0 ){
+return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+if( fileLinkStat(pCur->zPath, &pCur->sStat) ){
+fsdirSetErrmsg(pCur, "cannot stat file: %s", pCur->zPath);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** SQLite will invoke this method one or more times while planning a query
+** that uses the generate_series virtual table.  This routine needs to create
+** a query plan for each invocation and compute an estimated cost for that
+** plan.
+**
+** In this implementation idxNum is used to represent the
+** query plan.  idxStr is unused.
+**
+** The query plan is represented by bits in idxNum:
+**
+**  0x01  The path value is supplied by argv[0]
+**  0x02  dir is in argv[1]
+**  0x04  maxdepth is in argv[1] or [2]
+*/
+static int fsdirBestIndex(
+sqlite3_vtab *tab,
+sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
+){
+int i;                 /* Loop over constraints */
+int idxPath = -1;      /* Index in pIdxInfo->aConstraint of PATH= */
+int idxDir = -1;       /* Index in pIdxInfo->aConstraint of DIR= */
+int idxLevel = -1;     /* Index in pIdxInfo->aConstraint of LEVEL< or <= */
+int idxLevelEQ = 0;    /* 0x08 for LEVEL<= or LEVEL=.  0x04 for LEVEL< */
+int omitLevel = 0;     /* omit the LEVEL constraint */
+int seenPath = 0;      /* True if an unusable PATH= constraint is seen */
+int seenDir = 0;       /* True if an unusable DIR= constraint is seen */
+const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pConstraint;
+(void)tab;
+pConstraint = pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
+for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pConstraint++){
+if( pConstraint->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+switch( pConstraint->iColumn ){
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_PATH: {
+if( pConstraint->usable ){
+idxPath = i;
+seenPath = 0;
+}else if( idxPath<0 ){
+seenPath = 1;
+}
+break;
+}
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_DIR: {
+if( pConstraint->usable ){
+idxDir = i;
+seenDir = 0;
+}else if( idxDir<0 ){
+seenDir = 1;
+}
+break;
+}
+case FSDIR_COLUMN_LEVEL: {
+if( pConstraint->usable && idxLevel<0 ){
+idxLevel = i;
+idxLevelEQ = 0x08;
+omitLevel = 0;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}else
+if( pConstraint->iColumn==FSDIR_COLUMN_LEVEL
+&& pConstraint->usable
+&& idxLevel<0
+){
+if( pConstraint->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE ){
+idxLevel = i;
+idxLevelEQ = 0x08;
+omitLevel = 1;
+}else if( pConstraint->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT ){
+idxLevel = i;
+idxLevelEQ = 0x04;
+omitLevel = 1;
+}
+}
+}
+if( seenPath || seenDir ){
+/* If input parameters are unusable, disallow this plan */
+return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+if( idxPath<0 ){
+pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0;
+/* The pIdxInfo->estimatedCost should have been initialized to a huge
+** number.  Leave it unchanged. */
+pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 0x7fffffff;
+}else{
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxPath].omit = 1;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxPath].argvIndex = 1;
+pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0x01;
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = 1.0e9;
+i = 2;
+if( idxDir>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxDir].omit = 1;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxDir].argvIndex = i++;
+pIdxInfo->idxNum |= 0x02;
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost /= 1.0e4;
+}
+if( idxLevel>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxLevel].omit = omitLevel;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idxLevel].argvIndex = i++;
+pIdxInfo->idxNum |= idxLevelEQ;
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost /= 1.0e4;
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Register the "fsdir" virtual table.
+*/
+static int fsdirRegister(sqlite3 *db){
+static sqlite3_module fsdirModule = {
+0,                         /* iVersion */
+0,                         /* xCreate */
+fsdirConnect,              /* xConnect */
+fsdirBestIndex,            /* xBestIndex */
+fsdirDisconnect,           /* xDisconnect */
+0,                         /* xDestroy */
+fsdirOpen,                 /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+fsdirClose,                /* xClose - close a cursor */
+fsdirFilter,               /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+fsdirNext,                 /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+fsdirEof,                  /* xEof - check for end of scan */
+fsdirColumn,               /* xColumn - read data */
+fsdirRowid,                /* xRowid - read data */
+0,                         /* xUpdate */
+0,                         /* xBegin */
+0,                         /* xSync */
+0,                         /* xCommit */
+0,                         /* xRollback */
+0,                         /* xFindMethod */
+0,                         /* xRename */
+0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+0,                         /* xRelease */
+0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+0,                         /* xShadowName */
+0                          /* xIntegrity */
+};
+int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "fsdir", &fsdirModule, 0);
+return rc;
+}
+#else         /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+# define fsdirRegister(x) SQLITE_OK
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_fileio_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "readfile", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY, 0,
+readfileFunc, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "writefile", -1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY, 0,
+writefileFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "lsmode", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+lsModeFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = fsdirRegister(db);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+#if defined(FILEIO_WIN32_DLL) && (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32))
+/* To allow a standalone DLL, make test_windirent.c use the same
+* redefined SQLite API calls as the above extension code does.
+* Just pull in this .c to accomplish this. As a beneficial side
+* effect, this extension becomes a single translation unit. */
+#  include "test_windirent.c"
+#endif
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/fileio.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/completion.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-07-10
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements an eponymous virtual table that returns suggested
+** completions for a partial SQL input.
+**
+** Suggested usage:
+**
+**     SELECT DISTINCT candidate COLLATE nocase
+**       FROM completion($prefix,$wholeline)
+**      ORDER BY 1;
+**
+** The two query parameters are optional.  $prefix is the text of the
+** current word being typed and that is to be completed.  $wholeline is
+** the complete input line, used for context.
+**
+** The raw completion() table might return the same candidate multiple
+** times, for example if the same column name is used to two or more
+** tables.  And the candidates are returned in an arbitrary order.  Hence,
+** the DISTINCT and ORDER BY are recommended.
+**
+** This virtual table operates at the speed of human typing, and so there
+** is no attempt to make it fast.  Even a slow implementation will be much
+** faster than any human can type.
+**
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#ifndef IsAlnum
+#define IsAlnum(X)  isalnum((unsigned char)X)
+#endif
+/* completion_vtab is a subclass of sqlite3_vtab which will
+** serve as the underlying representation of a completion virtual table
+*/
+typedef struct completion_vtab completion_vtab;
+struct completion_vtab {
+sqlite3_vtab base;  /* Base class - must be first */
+sqlite3 *db;        /* Database connection for this completion vtab */
+};
+/* completion_cursor is a subclass of sqlite3_vtab_cursor which will
+** serve as the underlying representation of a cursor that scans
+** over rows of the result
+*/
+typedef struct completion_cursor completion_cursor;
+struct completion_cursor {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;  /* Base class - must be first */
+sqlite3 *db;               /* Database connection for this cursor */
+int nPrefix, nLine;        /* Number of bytes in zPrefix and zLine */
+char *zPrefix;             /* The prefix for the word we want to complete */
+char *zLine;               /* The whole that we want to complete */
+const char *zCurrentRow;   /* Current output row */
+int szRow;                 /* Length of the zCurrentRow string */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;       /* Current statement */
+sqlite3_int64 iRowid;      /* The rowid */
+int ePhase;                /* Current phase */
+int j;                     /* inter-phase counter */
+};
+/* Values for ePhase:
+*/
+#define COMPLETION_FIRST_PHASE   1
+#define COMPLETION_KEYWORDS      1
+#define COMPLETION_PRAGMAS       2
+#define COMPLETION_FUNCTIONS     3
+#define COMPLETION_COLLATIONS    4
+#define COMPLETION_INDEXES       5
+#define COMPLETION_TRIGGERS      6
+#define COMPLETION_DATABASES     7
+#define COMPLETION_TABLES        8    /* Also VIEWs and TRIGGERs */
+#define COMPLETION_COLUMNS       9
+#define COMPLETION_MODULES       10
+#define COMPLETION_EOF           11
+/*
+** The completionConnect() method is invoked to create a new
+** completion_vtab that describes the completion virtual table.
+**
+** Think of this routine as the constructor for completion_vtab objects.
+**
+** All this routine needs to do is:
+**
+**    (1) Allocate the completion_vtab object and initialize all fields.
+**
+**    (2) Tell SQLite (via the sqlite3_declare_vtab() interface) what the
+**        result set of queries against completion will look like.
+*/
+static int completionConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pAux,
+int argc, const char *const*argv,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErr
+){
+completion_vtab *pNew;
+int rc;
+(void)(pAux);    /* Unused parameter */
+(void)(argc);    /* Unused parameter */
+(void)(argv);    /* Unused parameter */
+(void)(pzErr);   /* Unused parameter */
+/* Column numbers */
+#define COMPLETION_COLUMN_CANDIDATE 0  /* Suggested completion of the input */
+#define COMPLETION_COLUMN_PREFIX    1  /* Prefix of the word to be completed */
+#define COMPLETION_COLUMN_WHOLELINE 2  /* Entire line seen so far */
+#define COMPLETION_COLUMN_PHASE     3  /* ePhase - used for debugging only */
+sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
+rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db,
+"CREATE TABLE x("
+"  candidate TEXT,"
+"  prefix TEXT HIDDEN,"
+"  wholeline TEXT HIDDEN,"
+"  phase INT HIDDEN"        /* Used for debugging only */
+")");
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pNew) );
+*ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pNew;
+if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
+pNew->db = db;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This method is the destructor for completion_cursor objects.
+*/
+static int completionDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+sqlite3_free(pVtab);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Constructor for a new completion_cursor object.
+*/
+static int completionOpen(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
+completion_cursor *pCur;
+pCur = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pCur) );
+if( pCur==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pCur, 0, sizeof(*pCur));
+pCur->db = ((completion_vtab*)p)->db;
+*ppCursor = &pCur->base;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Reset the completion_cursor.
+*/
+static void completionCursorReset(completion_cursor *pCur){
+sqlite3_free(pCur->zPrefix);   pCur->zPrefix = 0;  pCur->nPrefix = 0;
+sqlite3_free(pCur->zLine);     pCur->zLine = 0;    pCur->nLine = 0;
+sqlite3_finalize(pCur->pStmt); pCur->pStmt = 0;
+pCur->j = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Destructor for a completion_cursor.
+*/
+static int completionClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+completionCursorReset((completion_cursor*)cur);
+sqlite3_free(cur);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Advance a completion_cursor to its next row of output.
+**
+** The ->ePhase, ->j, and ->pStmt fields of the completion_cursor object
+** record the current state of the scan.  This routine sets ->zCurrentRow
+** to the current row of output and then returns.  If no more rows remain,
+** then ->ePhase is set to COMPLETION_EOF which will signal the virtual
+** table that has reached the end of its scan.
+**
+** The current implementation just lists potential identifiers and
+** keywords and filters them by zPrefix.  Future enhancements should
+** take zLine into account to try to restrict the set of identifiers and
+** keywords based on what would be legal at the current point of input.
+*/
+static int completionNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+completion_cursor *pCur = (completion_cursor*)cur;
+int eNextPhase = 0;  /* Next phase to try if current phase reaches end */
+int iCol = -1;       /* If >=0, step pCur->pStmt and use the i-th column */
+pCur->iRowid++;
+while( pCur->ePhase!=COMPLETION_EOF ){
+switch( pCur->ePhase ){
+case COMPLETION_KEYWORDS: {
+if( pCur->j >= sqlite3_keyword_count() ){
+pCur->zCurrentRow = 0;
+pCur->ePhase = COMPLETION_DATABASES;
+}else{
+sqlite3_keyword_name(pCur->j++, &pCur->zCurrentRow, &pCur->szRow);
+}
+iCol = -1;
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_DATABASES: {
+if( pCur->pStmt==0 ){
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(pCur->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1,
+&pCur->pStmt, 0);
+}
+iCol = 1;
+eNextPhase = COMPLETION_TABLES;
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_TABLES: {
+if( pCur->pStmt==0 ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pS2;
+char *zSql = 0;
+const char *zSep = "";
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(pCur->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pS2, 0);
+while( sqlite3_step(pS2)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zDb = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pS2, 1);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"%z%s"
+"SELECT name FROM \"%w\".sqlite_schema",
+zSql, zSep, zDb
+);
+if( zSql==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+zSep = " UNION ";
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pS2);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(pCur->db, zSql, -1, &pCur->pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+iCol = 0;
+eNextPhase = COMPLETION_COLUMNS;
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_COLUMNS: {
+if( pCur->pStmt==0 ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pS2;
+char *zSql = 0;
+const char *zSep = "";
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(pCur->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pS2, 0);
+while( sqlite3_step(pS2)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zDb = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pS2, 1);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"%z%s"
+"SELECT pti.name FROM \"%w\".sqlite_schema AS sm"
+" JOIN pragma_table_xinfo(sm.name,%Q) AS pti"
+" WHERE sm.type='table'",
+zSql, zSep, zDb, zDb
+);
+if( zSql==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+zSep = " UNION ";
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pS2);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(pCur->db, zSql, -1, &pCur->pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+iCol = 0;
+eNextPhase = COMPLETION_EOF;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( iCol<0 ){
+/* This case is when the phase presets zCurrentRow */
+if( pCur->zCurrentRow==0 ) continue;
+}else{
+if( sqlite3_step(pCur->pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+/* Extract the next row of content */
+pCur->zCurrentRow = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pCur->pStmt, iCol);
+pCur->szRow = sqlite3_column_bytes(pCur->pStmt, iCol);
+}else{
+/* When all rows are finished, advance to the next phase */
+sqlite3_finalize(pCur->pStmt);
+pCur->pStmt = 0;
+pCur->ePhase = eNextPhase;
+continue;
+}
+}
+if( pCur->nPrefix==0 ) break;
+if( pCur->nPrefix<=pCur->szRow
+&& sqlite3_strnicmp(pCur->zPrefix, pCur->zCurrentRow, pCur->nPrefix)==0
+){
+break;
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return values of columns for the row at which the completion_cursor
+** is currently pointing.
+*/
+static int completionColumn(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
+sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
+int i                       /* Which column to return */
+){
+completion_cursor *pCur = (completion_cursor*)cur;
+switch( i ){
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_CANDIDATE: {
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zCurrentRow, pCur->szRow,SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_PREFIX: {
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zPrefix, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_WHOLELINE: {
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zLine, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_PHASE: {
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCur->ePhase);
+break;
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return the rowid for the current row.  In this implementation, the
+** rowid is the same as the output value.
+*/
+static int completionRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
+completion_cursor *pCur = (completion_cursor*)cur;
+*pRowid = pCur->iRowid;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the cursor has been moved off of the last
+** row of output.
+*/
+static int completionEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+completion_cursor *pCur = (completion_cursor*)cur;
+return pCur->ePhase >= COMPLETION_EOF;
+}
+/*
+** This method is called to "rewind" the completion_cursor object back
+** to the first row of output.  This method is always called at least
+** once prior to any call to completionColumn() or completionRowid() or
+** completionEof().
+*/
+static int completionFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+completion_cursor *pCur = (completion_cursor *)pVtabCursor;
+int iArg = 0;
+(void)(idxStr);   /* Unused parameter */
+(void)(argc);     /* Unused parameter */
+completionCursorReset(pCur);
+if( idxNum & 1 ){
+pCur->nPrefix = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[iArg]);
+if( pCur->nPrefix>0 ){
+pCur->zPrefix = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_value_text(argv[iArg]));
+if( pCur->zPrefix==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+pCur->nPrefix = (int)strlen(pCur->zPrefix);
+}
+iArg = 1;
+}
+if( idxNum & 2 ){
+pCur->nLine = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[iArg]);
+if( pCur->nLine>0 ){
+pCur->zLine = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_value_text(argv[iArg]));
+if( pCur->zLine==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+pCur->nLine = (int)strlen(pCur->zLine);
+}
+}
+if( pCur->zLine!=0 && pCur->zPrefix==0 ){
+int i = pCur->nLine;
+while( i>0 && (IsAlnum(pCur->zLine[i-1]) || pCur->zLine[i-1]=='_') ){
+i--;
+}
+pCur->nPrefix = pCur->nLine - i;
+if( pCur->nPrefix>0 ){
+pCur->zPrefix = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s", pCur->nPrefix, pCur->zLine + i);
+if( pCur->zPrefix==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+pCur->nPrefix = (int)strlen(pCur->zPrefix);
+}
+}
+pCur->iRowid = 0;
+pCur->ePhase = COMPLETION_FIRST_PHASE;
+return completionNext(pVtabCursor);
+}
+/*
+** SQLite will invoke this method one or more times while planning a query
+** that uses the completion virtual table.  This routine needs to create
+** a query plan for each invocation and compute an estimated cost for that
+** plan.
+**
+** There are two hidden parameters that act as arguments to the table-valued
+** function:  "prefix" and "wholeline".  Bit 0 of idxNum is set if "prefix"
+** is available and bit 1 is set if "wholeline" is available.
+*/
+static int completionBestIndex(
+sqlite3_vtab *tab,
+sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
+){
+int i;                 /* Loop over constraints */
+int idxNum = 0;        /* The query plan bitmask */
+int prefixIdx = -1;    /* Index of the start= constraint, or -1 if none */
+int wholelineIdx = -1; /* Index of the stop= constraint, or -1 if none */
+int nArg = 0;          /* Number of arguments that completeFilter() expects */
+const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pConstraint;
+(void)(tab);    /* Unused parameter */
+pConstraint = pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
+for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, pConstraint++){
+if( pConstraint->usable==0 ) continue;
+if( pConstraint->op!=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ) continue;
+switch( pConstraint->iColumn ){
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_PREFIX:
+prefixIdx = i;
+idxNum |= 1;
+break;
+case COMPLETION_COLUMN_WHOLELINE:
+wholelineIdx = i;
+idxNum |= 2;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( prefixIdx>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[prefixIdx].argvIndex = ++nArg;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[prefixIdx].omit = 1;
+}
+if( wholelineIdx>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[wholelineIdx].argvIndex = ++nArg;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[wholelineIdx].omit = 1;
+}
+pIdxInfo->idxNum = idxNum;
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)5000 - 1000*nArg;
+pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 500 - 100*nArg;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** This following structure defines all the methods for the
+** completion virtual table.
+*/
+static sqlite3_module completionModule = {
+0,                         /* iVersion */
+0,                         /* xCreate */
+completionConnect,         /* xConnect */
+completionBestIndex,       /* xBestIndex */
+completionDisconnect,      /* xDisconnect */
+0,                         /* xDestroy */
+completionOpen,            /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+completionClose,           /* xClose - close a cursor */
+completionFilter,          /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+completionNext,            /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+completionEof,             /* xEof - check for end of scan */
+completionColumn,          /* xColumn - read data */
+completionRowid,           /* xRowid - read data */
+0,                         /* xUpdate */
+0,                         /* xBegin */
+0,                         /* xSync */
+0,                         /* xCommit */
+0,                         /* xRollback */
+0,                         /* xFindMethod */
+0,                         /* xRename */
+0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+0,                         /* xRelease */
+0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+0,                         /* xShadowName */
+0                          /* xIntegrity */
+};
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+int sqlite3CompletionVtabInit(sqlite3 *db){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "completion", &completionModule, 0);
+#endif
+return rc;
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_completion_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)(pzErrMsg);  /* Unused parameter */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+rc = sqlite3CompletionVtabInit(db);
+#endif
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/completion.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/appendvfs.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-10-20
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements a VFS shim that allows an SQLite database to be
+** appended onto the end of some other file, such as an executable.
+**
+** A special record must appear at the end of the file that identifies the
+** file as an appended database and provides the offset to the first page
+** of the exposed content. (Or, it is the length of the content prefix.)
+** For best performance page 1 should be located at a disk page boundary,
+** though that is not required.
+**
+** When opening a database using this VFS, the connection might treat
+** the file as an ordinary SQLite database, or it might treat it as a
+** database appended onto some other file.  The decision is made by
+** applying the following rules in order:
+**
+**  (1)  An empty file is an ordinary database.
+**
+**  (2)  If the file ends with the appendvfs trailer string
+**       "Start-Of-SQLite3-NNNNNNNN" that file is an appended database.
+**
+**  (3)  If the file begins with the standard SQLite prefix string
+**       "SQLite format 3", that file is an ordinary database.
+**
+**  (4)  If none of the above apply and the SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE flag is
+**       set, then a new database is appended to the already existing file.
+**
+**  (5)  Otherwise, SQLITE_CANTOPEN is returned.
+**
+** To avoid unnecessary complications with the PENDING_BYTE, the size of
+** the file containing the database is limited to 1GiB. (1073741824 bytes)
+** This VFS will not read or write past the 1GiB mark.  This restriction
+** might be lifted in future versions.  For now, if you need a larger
+** database, then keep it in a separate file.
+**
+** If the file being opened is a plain database (not an appended one), then
+** this shim is a pass-through into the default underlying VFS. (rule 3)
+**/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+/* The append mark at the end of the database is:
+**
+**     Start-Of-SQLite3-NNNNNNNN
+**     123456789 123456789 12345
+**
+** The NNNNNNNN represents a 64-bit big-endian unsigned integer which is
+** the offset to page 1, and also the length of the prefix content.
+*/
+#define APND_MARK_PREFIX     "Start-Of-SQLite3-"
+#define APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ  17
+#define APND_MARK_FOS_SZ      8
+#define APND_MARK_SIZE       (APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ+APND_MARK_FOS_SZ)
+/*
+** Maximum size of the combined prefix + database + append-mark.  This
+** must be less than 0x40000000 to avoid locking issues on Windows.
+*/
+#define APND_MAX_SIZE  (0x40000000)
+/*
+** Try to align the database to an even multiple of APND_ROUNDUP bytes.
+*/
+#ifndef APND_ROUNDUP
+#define APND_ROUNDUP 4096
+#endif
+#define APND_ALIGN_MASK         ((sqlite3_int64)(APND_ROUNDUP-1))
+#define APND_START_ROUNDUP(fsz) (((fsz)+APND_ALIGN_MASK) & ~APND_ALIGN_MASK)
+/*
+** Forward declaration of objects used by this utility
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_vfs ApndVfs;
+typedef struct ApndFile ApndFile;
+/* Access to a lower-level VFS that (might) implement dynamic loading,
+** access to randomness, etc.
+*/
+#define ORIGVFS(p)  ((sqlite3_vfs*)((p)->pAppData))
+#define ORIGFILE(p) ((sqlite3_file*)(((ApndFile*)(p))+1))
+/* An open appendvfs file
+**
+** An instance of this structure describes the appended database file.
+** A separate sqlite3_file object is always appended. The appended
+** sqlite3_file object (which can be accessed using ORIGFILE()) describes
+** the entire file, including the prefix, the database, and the
+** append-mark.
+**
+** The structure of an AppendVFS database is like this:
+**
+**   +-------------+---------+----------+-------------+
+**   | prefix-file | padding | database | append-mark |
+**   +-------------+---------+----------+-------------+
+**                           ^          ^
+**                           |          |
+**                         iPgOne      iMark
+**
+**
+** "prefix file" -  file onto which the database has been appended.
+** "padding"     -  zero or more bytes inserted so that "database"
+**                  starts on an APND_ROUNDUP boundary
+** "database"    -  The SQLite database file
+** "append-mark" -  The 25-byte "Start-Of-SQLite3-NNNNNNNN" that indicates
+**                  the offset from the start of prefix-file to the start
+**                  of "database".
+**
+** The size of the database is iMark - iPgOne.
+**
+** The NNNNNNNN in the "Start-Of-SQLite3-NNNNNNNN" suffix is the value
+** of iPgOne stored as a big-ending 64-bit integer.
+**
+** iMark will be the size of the underlying file minus 25 (APND_MARKSIZE).
+** Or, iMark is -1 to indicate that it has not yet been written.
+*/
+struct ApndFile {
+sqlite3_file base;        /* Subclass.  MUST BE FIRST! */
+sqlite3_int64 iPgOne;     /* Offset to the start of the database */
+sqlite3_int64 iMark;      /* Offset of the append mark.  -1 if unwritten */
+/* Always followed by another sqlite3_file that describes the whole file */
+};
+/*
+** Methods for ApndFile
+*/
+static int apndClose(sqlite3_file*);
+static int apndRead(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+static int apndWrite(sqlite3_file*,const void*,int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+static int apndTruncate(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
+static int apndSync(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
+static int apndFileSize(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
+static int apndLock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int apndUnlock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int apndCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
+static int apndFileControl(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
+static int apndSectorSize(sqlite3_file*);
+static int apndDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file*);
+static int apndShmMap(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
+static int apndShmLock(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
+static void apndShmBarrier(sqlite3_file*);
+static int apndShmUnmap(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
+static int apndFetch(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
+static int apndUnfetch(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
+/*
+** Methods for ApndVfs
+*/
+static int apndOpen(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *, sqlite3_file*, int , int *);
+static int apndDelete(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
+static int apndAccess(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *);
+static int apndFullPathname(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int, char *zOut);
+static void *apndDlOpen(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
+static void apndDlError(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
+static void (*apndDlSym(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, void *p, const char*zSym))(void);
+static void apndDlClose(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
+static int apndRandomness(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
+static int apndSleep(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
+static int apndCurrentTime(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
+static int apndGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
+static int apndCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
+static int apndSetSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*, const char*,sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
+static sqlite3_syscall_ptr apndGetSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *z);
+static const char *apndNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
+static sqlite3_vfs apnd_vfs = {
+3,                            /* iVersion (set when registered) */
+0,                            /* szOsFile (set when registered) */
+1024,                         /* mxPathname */
+0,                            /* pNext */
+"apndvfs",                    /* zName */
+0,                            /* pAppData (set when registered) */
+apndOpen,                     /* xOpen */
+apndDelete,                   /* xDelete */
+apndAccess,                   /* xAccess */
+apndFullPathname,             /* xFullPathname */
+apndDlOpen,                   /* xDlOpen */
+apndDlError,                  /* xDlError */
+apndDlSym,                    /* xDlSym */
+apndDlClose,                  /* xDlClose */
+apndRandomness,               /* xRandomness */
+apndSleep,                    /* xSleep */
+apndCurrentTime,              /* xCurrentTime */
+apndGetLastError,             /* xGetLastError */
+apndCurrentTimeInt64,         /* xCurrentTimeInt64 */
+apndSetSystemCall,            /* xSetSystemCall */
+apndGetSystemCall,            /* xGetSystemCall */
+apndNextSystemCall            /* xNextSystemCall */
+};
+static const sqlite3_io_methods apnd_io_methods = {
+3,                              /* iVersion */
+apndClose,                      /* xClose */
+apndRead,                       /* xRead */
+apndWrite,                      /* xWrite */
+apndTruncate,                   /* xTruncate */
+apndSync,                       /* xSync */
+apndFileSize,                   /* xFileSize */
+apndLock,                       /* xLock */
+apndUnlock,                     /* xUnlock */
+apndCheckReservedLock,          /* xCheckReservedLock */
+apndFileControl,                /* xFileControl */
+apndSectorSize,                 /* xSectorSize */
+apndDeviceCharacteristics,      /* xDeviceCharacteristics */
+apndShmMap,                     /* xShmMap */
+apndShmLock,                    /* xShmLock */
+apndShmBarrier,                 /* xShmBarrier */
+apndShmUnmap,                   /* xShmUnmap */
+apndFetch,                      /* xFetch */
+apndUnfetch                     /* xUnfetch */
+};
+/*
+** Close an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndClose(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xClose(pFile);
+}
+/*
+** Read data from an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndRead(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+void *zBuf,
+int iAmt,
+sqlite_int64 iOfst
+){
+ApndFile *paf = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xRead(pFile, zBuf, iAmt, paf->iPgOne+iOfst);
+}
+/*
+** Add the append-mark onto what should become the end of the file.
+*  If and only if this succeeds, internal ApndFile.iMark is updated.
+*  Parameter iWriteEnd is the appendvfs-relative offset of the new mark.
+*/
+static int apndWriteMark(
+ApndFile *paf,
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+sqlite_int64 iWriteEnd
+){
+sqlite_int64 iPgOne = paf->iPgOne;
+unsigned char a[APND_MARK_SIZE];
+int i = APND_MARK_FOS_SZ;
+int rc;
+assert(pFile == ORIGFILE(paf));
+memcpy(a, APND_MARK_PREFIX, APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ);
+while( --i >= 0 ){
+a[APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ+i] = (unsigned char)(iPgOne & 0xff);
+iPgOne >>= 8;
+}
+iWriteEnd += paf->iPgOne;
+if( SQLITE_OK==(rc = pFile->pMethods->xWrite
+(pFile, a, APND_MARK_SIZE, iWriteEnd)) ){
+paf->iMark = iWriteEnd;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Write data to an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndWrite(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+const void *zBuf,
+int iAmt,
+sqlite_int64 iOfst
+){
+ApndFile *paf = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+sqlite_int64 iWriteEnd = iOfst + iAmt;
+if( iWriteEnd>=APND_MAX_SIZE ) return SQLITE_FULL;
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+/* If append-mark is absent or will be overwritten, write it. */
+if( paf->iMark < 0 || paf->iPgOne + iWriteEnd > paf->iMark ){
+int rc = apndWriteMark(paf, pFile, iWriteEnd);
+if( SQLITE_OK!=rc ) return rc;
+}
+return pFile->pMethods->xWrite(pFile, zBuf, iAmt, paf->iPgOne+iOfst);
+}
+/*
+** Truncate an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndTruncate(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite_int64 size){
+ApndFile *paf = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+/* The append mark goes out first so truncate failure does not lose it. */
+if( SQLITE_OK!=apndWriteMark(paf, pFile, size) ) return SQLITE_IOERR;
+/* Truncate underlying file just past append mark */
+return pFile->pMethods->xTruncate(pFile, paf->iMark+APND_MARK_SIZE);
+}
+/*
+** Sync an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndSync(sqlite3_file *pFile, int flags){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xSync(pFile, flags);
+}
+/*
+** Return the current file-size of an apnd-file.
+** If the append mark is not yet there, the file-size is 0.
+*/
+static int apndFileSize(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite_int64 *pSize){
+ApndFile *paf = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+*pSize = ( paf->iMark >= 0 )? (paf->iMark - paf->iPgOne) : 0;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Lock an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int eLock){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xLock(pFile, eLock);
+}
+/*
+** Unlock an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndUnlock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int eLock){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xUnlock(pFile, eLock);
+}
+/*
+** Check if another file-handle holds a RESERVED lock on an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int *pResOut){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xCheckReservedLock(pFile, pResOut);
+}
+/*
+** File control method. For custom operations on an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndFileControl(sqlite3_file *pFile, int op, void *pArg){
+ApndFile *paf = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+int rc;
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+if( op==SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT ) *(sqlite3_int64*)pArg += paf->iPgOne;
+rc = pFile->pMethods->xFileControl(pFile, op, pArg);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && op==SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME ){
+*(char**)pArg = sqlite3_mprintf("apnd(%lld)/%z", paf->iPgOne,*(char**)pArg);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the sector-size in bytes for an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndSectorSize(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xSectorSize(pFile);
+}
+/*
+** Return the device characteristic flags supported by an apnd-file.
+*/
+static int apndDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xDeviceCharacteristics(pFile);
+}
+/* Create a shared memory file mapping */
+static int apndShmMap(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+int iPg,
+int pgsz,
+int bExtend,
+void volatile **pp
+){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xShmMap(pFile,iPg,pgsz,bExtend,pp);
+}
+/* Perform locking on a shared-memory segment */
+static int apndShmLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int offset, int n, int flags){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xShmLock(pFile,offset,n,flags);
+}
+/* Memory barrier operation on shared memory */
+static void apndShmBarrier(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+pFile->pMethods->xShmBarrier(pFile);
+}
+/* Unmap a shared memory segment */
+static int apndShmUnmap(sqlite3_file *pFile, int deleteFlag){
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xShmUnmap(pFile,deleteFlag);
+}
+/* Fetch a page of a memory-mapped file */
+static int apndFetch(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+sqlite3_int64 iOfst,
+int iAmt,
+void **pp
+){
+ApndFile *p = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+if( p->iMark < 0 || iOfst+iAmt > p->iMark ){
+return SQLITE_IOERR; /* Cannot read what is not yet there. */
+}
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xFetch(pFile, iOfst+p->iPgOne, iAmt, pp);
+}
+/* Release a memory-mapped page */
+static int apndUnfetch(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *pPage){
+ApndFile *p = (ApndFile *)pFile;
+pFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+return pFile->pMethods->xUnfetch(pFile, iOfst+p->iPgOne, pPage);
+}
+/*
+** Try to read the append-mark off the end of a file.  Return the
+** start of the appended database if the append-mark is present.
+** If there is no valid append-mark, return -1;
+**
+** An append-mark is only valid if the NNNNNNNN start-of-database offset
+** indicates that the appended database contains at least one page.  The
+** start-of-database value must be a multiple of 512.
+*/
+static sqlite3_int64 apndReadMark(sqlite3_int64 sz, sqlite3_file *pFile){
+int rc, i;
+sqlite3_int64 iMark;
+int msbs = 8 * (APND_MARK_FOS_SZ-1);
+unsigned char a[APND_MARK_SIZE];
+if( APND_MARK_SIZE!=(sz & 0x1ff) ) return -1;
+rc = pFile->pMethods->xRead(pFile, a, APND_MARK_SIZE, sz-APND_MARK_SIZE);
+if( rc ) return -1;
+if( memcmp(a, APND_MARK_PREFIX, APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ)!=0 ) return -1;
+iMark = ((sqlite3_int64)(a[APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ] & 0x7f)) << msbs;
+for(i=1; i<8; i++){
+msbs -= 8;
+iMark |= (sqlite3_int64)a[APND_MARK_PREFIX_SZ+i]<<msbs;
+}
+if( iMark > (sz - APND_MARK_SIZE - 512) ) return -1;
+if( iMark & 0x1ff ) return -1;
+return iMark;
+}
+static const char apvfsSqliteHdr[] = "SQLite format 3";
+/*
+** Check to see if the file is an appendvfs SQLite database file.
+** Return true iff it is such. Parameter sz is the file's size.
+*/
+static int apndIsAppendvfsDatabase(sqlite3_int64 sz, sqlite3_file *pFile){
+int rc;
+char zHdr[16];
+sqlite3_int64 iMark = apndReadMark(sz, pFile);
+if( iMark>=0 ){
+/* If file has the correct end-marker, the expected odd size, and the
+** SQLite DB type marker where the end-marker puts it, then it
+** is an appendvfs database.
+*/
+rc = pFile->pMethods->xRead(pFile, zHdr, sizeof(zHdr), iMark);
+if( SQLITE_OK==rc
+&& memcmp(zHdr, apvfsSqliteHdr, sizeof(zHdr))==0
+&& (sz & 0x1ff) == APND_MARK_SIZE
+&& sz>=512+APND_MARK_SIZE
+){
+return 1; /* It's an appendvfs database */
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Check to see if the file is an ordinary SQLite database file.
+** Return true iff so. Parameter sz is the file's size.
+*/
+static int apndIsOrdinaryDatabaseFile(sqlite3_int64 sz, sqlite3_file *pFile){
+char zHdr[16];
+if( apndIsAppendvfsDatabase(sz, pFile) /* rule 2 */
+|| (sz & 0x1ff) != 0
+|| SQLITE_OK!=pFile->pMethods->xRead(pFile, zHdr, sizeof(zHdr), 0)
+|| memcmp(zHdr, apvfsSqliteHdr, sizeof(zHdr))!=0
+){
+return 0;
+}else{
+return 1;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Open an apnd file handle.
+*/
+static int apndOpen(
+sqlite3_vfs *pApndVfs,
+const char *zName,
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+int flags,
+int *pOutFlags
+){
+ApndFile *pApndFile = (ApndFile*)pFile;
+sqlite3_file *pBaseFile = ORIGFILE(pFile);
+sqlite3_vfs *pBaseVfs = ORIGVFS(pApndVfs);
+int rc;
+sqlite3_int64 sz = 0;
+if( (flags & SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB)==0 ){
+/* The appendvfs is not to be used for transient or temporary databases.
+** Just use the base VFS open to initialize the given file object and
+** open the underlying file. (Appendvfs is then unused for this file.)
+*/
+return pBaseVfs->xOpen(pBaseVfs, zName, pFile, flags, pOutFlags);
+}
+memset(pApndFile, 0, sizeof(ApndFile));
+pFile->pMethods = &apnd_io_methods;
+pApndFile->iMark = -1;    /* Append mark not yet written */
+rc = pBaseVfs->xOpen(pBaseVfs, zName, pBaseFile, flags, pOutFlags);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = pBaseFile->pMethods->xFileSize(pBaseFile, &sz);
+if( rc ){
+pBaseFile->pMethods->xClose(pBaseFile);
+}
+}
+if( rc ){
+pFile->pMethods = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+if( apndIsOrdinaryDatabaseFile(sz, pBaseFile) ){
+/* The file being opened appears to be just an ordinary DB. Copy
+** the base dispatch-table so this instance mimics the base VFS.
+*/
+memmove(pApndFile, pBaseFile, pBaseVfs->szOsFile);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+pApndFile->iPgOne = apndReadMark(sz, pFile);
+if( pApndFile->iPgOne>=0 ){
+pApndFile->iMark = sz - APND_MARK_SIZE; /* Append mark found */
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+if( (flags & SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE)==0 ){
+pBaseFile->pMethods->xClose(pBaseFile);
+rc = SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
+pFile->pMethods = 0;
+}else{
+/* Round newly added appendvfs location to #define'd page boundary.
+** Note that nothing has yet been written to the underlying file.
+** The append mark will be written along with first content write.
+** Until then, paf->iMark value indicates it is not yet written.
+*/
+pApndFile->iPgOne = APND_START_ROUNDUP(sz);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Delete an apnd file.
+** For an appendvfs, this could mean delete the appendvfs portion,
+** leaving the appendee as it was before it gained an appendvfs.
+** For now, this code deletes the underlying file too.
+*/
+static int apndDelete(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zPath, int dirSync){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xDelete(ORIGVFS(pVfs), zPath, dirSync);
+}
+/*
+** All other VFS methods are pass-thrus.
+*/
+static int apndAccess(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zPath,
+int flags,
+int *pResOut
+){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xAccess(ORIGVFS(pVfs), zPath, flags, pResOut);
+}
+static int apndFullPathname(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zPath,
+int nOut,
+char *zOut
+){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xFullPathname(ORIGVFS(pVfs),zPath,nOut,zOut);
+}
+static void *apndDlOpen(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zPath){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xDlOpen(ORIGVFS(pVfs), zPath);
+}
+static void apndDlError(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nByte, char *zErrMsg){
+ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xDlError(ORIGVFS(pVfs), nByte, zErrMsg);
+}
+static void (*apndDlSym(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, void *p, const char *zSym))(void){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xDlSym(ORIGVFS(pVfs), p, zSym);
+}
+static void apndDlClose(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, void *pHandle){
+ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xDlClose(ORIGVFS(pVfs), pHandle);
+}
+static int apndRandomness(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nByte, char *zBufOut){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xRandomness(ORIGVFS(pVfs), nByte, zBufOut);
+}
+static int apndSleep(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nMicro){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xSleep(ORIGVFS(pVfs), nMicro);
+}
+static int apndCurrentTime(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, double *pTimeOut){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xCurrentTime(ORIGVFS(pVfs), pTimeOut);
+}
+static int apndGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int a, char *b){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xGetLastError(ORIGVFS(pVfs), a, b);
+}
+static int apndCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, sqlite3_int64 *p){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xCurrentTimeInt64(ORIGVFS(pVfs), p);
+}
+static int apndSetSystemCall(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zName,
+sqlite3_syscall_ptr pCall
+){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xSetSystemCall(ORIGVFS(pVfs),zName,pCall);
+}
+static sqlite3_syscall_ptr apndGetSystemCall(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zName
+){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xGetSystemCall(ORIGVFS(pVfs),zName);
+}
+static const char *apndNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zName){
+return ORIGVFS(pVfs)->xNextSystemCall(ORIGVFS(pVfs), zName);
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+/*
+** This routine is called when the extension is loaded.
+** Register the new VFS.
+*/
+int sqlite3_appendvfs_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3_vfs *pOrig;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;
+(void)db;
+pOrig = sqlite3_vfs_find(0);
+if( pOrig==0 ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
+apnd_vfs.iVersion = pOrig->iVersion;
+apnd_vfs.pAppData = pOrig;
+apnd_vfs.szOsFile = pOrig->szOsFile + sizeof(ApndFile);
+rc = sqlite3_vfs_register(&apnd_vfs, 0);
+#ifdef APPENDVFS_TEST
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_auto_extension((void(*)(void))apndvfsRegister);
+}
+#endif
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY;
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/appendvfs.c ********************/
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/zipfile.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-12-26
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements a virtual table for reading and writing ZIP archive
+** files.
+**
+** Usage example:
+**
+**     SELECT name, sz, datetime(mtime,'unixepoch') FROM zipfile($filename);
+**
+** Current limitations:
+**
+**    *  No support for encryption
+**    *  No support for ZIP archives spanning multiple files
+**    *  No support for zip64 extensions
+**    *  Only the "inflate/deflate" (zlib) compression method is supported
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_NO_STDINT
+#  include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+#include <zlib.h>
+/* When used as part of the CLI, the sqlite3_stdio.h module will have
+** been included before this one. In that case use the sqlite3_stdio.h
+** #defines.  If not, create our own for fopen().
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_STDIO_H_
+# define sqlite3_fopen fopen
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
+#ifndef UINT32_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_UINT32_T
+#  define UINT32_TYPE uint32_t
+# else
+#  define UINT32_TYPE unsigned int
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef UINT16_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_UINT16_T
+#  define UINT16_TYPE uint16_t
+# else
+#  define UINT16_TYPE unsigned short int
+# endif
+#endif
+/* typedef sqlite3_int64 i64; */
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+/* typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           // 4-byte unsigned integer // */
+/* typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           // 2-byte unsigned integer // */
+#define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b) ? (a) : (b))
+#if defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_AUXILIARY_SAFETY_CHECKS 1
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUXILIARY_SAFETY_CHECKS)
+# define ALWAYS(X)      (1)
+# define NEVER(X)       (0)
+#elif !defined(NDEBUG)
+# define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
+# define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
+#else
+# define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
+# define NEVER(X)       (X)
+#endif
+#endif   /* SQLITE_AMALGAMATION */
+/*
+** Definitions for mode bitmasks S_IFDIR, S_IFREG and S_IFLNK.
+**
+** In some ways it would be better to obtain these values from system
+** header files. But, the dependency is undesirable and (a) these
+** have been stable for decades, (b) the values are part of POSIX and
+** are also made explicit in [man stat], and (c) are part of the
+** file format for zip archives.
+*/
+#ifndef S_IFDIR
+# define S_IFDIR 0040000
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IFREG
+# define S_IFREG 0100000
+#endif
+#ifndef S_IFLNK
+# define S_IFLNK 0120000
+#endif
+static const char ZIPFILE_SCHEMA[] =
+"CREATE TABLE y("
+"name PRIMARY KEY,"  /* 0: Name of file in zip archive */
+"mode,"              /* 1: POSIX mode for file */
+"mtime,"             /* 2: Last modification time (secs since 1970)*/
+"sz,"                /* 3: Size of object */
+"rawdata,"           /* 4: Raw data */
+"data,"              /* 5: Uncompressed data */
+"method,"            /* 6: Compression method (integer) */
+"z HIDDEN"           /* 7: Name of zip file */
+") WITHOUT ROWID;";
+#define ZIPFILE_F_COLUMN_IDX 7    /* Index of column "file" in the above */
+#define ZIPFILE_MX_NAME (250)     /* Windows limitation on filename size */
+/*
+** The buffer should be large enough to contain 3 65536 byte strings - the
+** filename, the extra field and the file comment.
+*/
+#define ZIPFILE_BUFFER_SIZE (200*1024)
+/*
+** Magic numbers used to read and write zip files.
+**
+** ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_MADEBY:
+**   Use this value for the "version-made-by" field in new zip file
+**   entries. The upper byte indicates "unix", and the lower byte
+**   indicates that the zip file matches pkzip specification 3.0.
+**   This is what info-zip seems to do.
+**
+** ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_REQUIRED:
+**   Value for "version-required-to-extract" field of new entries.
+**   Version 2.0 is required to support folders and deflate compression.
+**
+** ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_FLAGS:
+**   Value for "general-purpose-bit-flags" field of new entries. Bit
+**   11 means "utf-8 filename and comment".
+**
+** ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_CDS:
+**   First 4 bytes of a valid CDS record.
+**
+** ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_LFH:
+**   First 4 bytes of a valid LFH record.
+**
+** ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_EOCD
+**   First 4 bytes of a valid EOCD record.
+*/
+#define ZIPFILE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP   0x5455
+#define ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_MADEBY   ((3<<8) + 30)
+#define ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_REQUIRED 20
+#define ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_FLAGS    0x800
+#define ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_CDS     0x02014b50
+#define ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_LFH     0x04034b50
+#define ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_EOCD    0x06054b50
+/*
+** The sizes of the fixed-size part of each of the three main data
+** structures in a zip archive.
+*/
+#define ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ      30
+#define ZIPFILE_EOCD_FIXED_SZ     22
+#define ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ      46
+/*
+*** 4.3.16  End of central directory record:
+***
+***   end of central dir signature    4 bytes  (0x06054b50)
+***   number of this disk             2 bytes
+***   number of the disk with the
+***   start of the central directory  2 bytes
+***   total number of entries in the
+***   central directory on this disk  2 bytes
+***   total number of entries in
+***   the central directory           2 bytes
+***   size of the central directory   4 bytes
+***   offset of start of central
+***   directory with respect to
+***   the starting disk number        4 bytes
+***   .ZIP file comment length        2 bytes
+***   .ZIP file comment       (variable size)
+*/
+typedef struct ZipfileEOCD ZipfileEOCD;
+struct ZipfileEOCD {
+u16 iDisk;
+u16 iFirstDisk;
+u16 nEntry;
+u16 nEntryTotal;
+u32 nSize;
+u32 iOffset;
+};
+/*
+*** 4.3.12  Central directory structure:
+***
+*** ...
+***
+***   central file header signature   4 bytes  (0x02014b50)
+***   version made by                 2 bytes
+***   version needed to extract       2 bytes
+***   general purpose bit flag        2 bytes
+***   compression method              2 bytes
+***   last mod file time              2 bytes
+***   last mod file date              2 bytes
+***   crc-32                          4 bytes
+***   compressed size                 4 bytes
+***   uncompressed size               4 bytes
+***   file name length                2 bytes
+***   extra field length              2 bytes
+***   file comment length             2 bytes
+***   disk number start               2 bytes
+***   internal file attributes        2 bytes
+***   external file attributes        4 bytes
+***   relative offset of local header 4 bytes
+*/
+typedef struct ZipfileCDS ZipfileCDS;
+struct ZipfileCDS {
+u16 iVersionMadeBy;
+u16 iVersionExtract;
+u16 flags;
+u16 iCompression;
+u16 mTime;
+u16 mDate;
+u32 crc32;
+u32 szCompressed;
+u32 szUncompressed;
+u16 nFile;
+u16 nExtra;
+u16 nComment;
+u16 iDiskStart;
+u16 iInternalAttr;
+u32 iExternalAttr;
+u32 iOffset;
+char *zFile;                    /* Filename (sqlite3_malloc()) */
+};
+/*
+*** 4.3.7  Local file header:
+***
+***   local file header signature     4 bytes  (0x04034b50)
+***   version needed to extract       2 bytes
+***   general purpose bit flag        2 bytes
+***   compression method              2 bytes
+***   last mod file time              2 bytes
+***   last mod file date              2 bytes
+***   crc-32                          4 bytes
+***   compressed size                 4 bytes
+***   uncompressed size               4 bytes
+***   file name length                2 bytes
+***   extra field length              2 bytes
+***
+*/
+typedef struct ZipfileLFH ZipfileLFH;
+struct ZipfileLFH {
+u16 iVersionExtract;
+u16 flags;
+u16 iCompression;
+u16 mTime;
+u16 mDate;
+u32 crc32;
+u32 szCompressed;
+u32 szUncompressed;
+u16 nFile;
+u16 nExtra;
+};
+typedef struct ZipfileEntry ZipfileEntry;
+struct ZipfileEntry {
+ZipfileCDS cds;            /* Parsed CDS record */
+u32 mUnixTime;             /* Modification time, in UNIX format */
+u8 *aExtra;                /* cds.nExtra+cds.nComment bytes of extra data */
+i64 iDataOff;              /* Offset to data in file (if aData==0) */
+u8 *aData;                 /* cds.szCompressed bytes of compressed data */
+ZipfileEntry *pNext;       /* Next element in in-memory CDS */
+};
+/*
+** Cursor type for zipfile tables.
+*/
+typedef struct ZipfileCsr ZipfileCsr;
+struct ZipfileCsr {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;  /* Base class - must be first */
+i64 iId;                   /* Cursor ID */
+u8 bEof;                   /* True when at EOF */
+u8 bNoop;                  /* If next xNext() call is no-op */
+/* Used outside of write transactions */
+FILE *pFile;               /* Zip file */
+i64 iNextOff;              /* Offset of next record in central directory */
+ZipfileEOCD eocd;          /* Parse of central directory record */
+ZipfileEntry *pFreeEntry;  /* Free this list when cursor is closed or reset */
+ZipfileEntry *pCurrent;    /* Current entry */
+ZipfileCsr *pCsrNext;      /* Next cursor on same virtual table */
+};
+typedef struct ZipfileTab ZipfileTab;
+struct ZipfileTab {
+sqlite3_vtab base;         /* Base class - must be first */
+char *zFile;               /* Zip file this table accesses (may be NULL) */
+sqlite3 *db;               /* Host database connection */
+u8 *aBuffer;               /* Temporary buffer used for various tasks */
+ZipfileCsr *pCsrList;      /* List of cursors */
+i64 iNextCsrid;
+/* The following are used by write transactions only */
+ZipfileEntry *pFirstEntry; /* Linked list of all files (if pWriteFd!=0) */
+ZipfileEntry *pLastEntry;  /* Last element in pFirstEntry list */
+FILE *pWriteFd;            /* File handle open on zip archive */
+i64 szCurrent;             /* Current size of zip archive */
+i64 szOrig;                /* Size of archive at start of transaction */
+};
+/*
+** Set the error message contained in context ctx to the results of
+** vprintf(zFmt, ...).
+*/
+static void zipfileCtxErrorMsg(sqlite3_context *ctx, const char *zFmt, ...){
+char *zMsg = 0;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+zMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+sqlite3_result_error(ctx, zMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+/*
+** If string zIn is quoted, dequote it in place. Otherwise, if the string
+** is not quoted, do nothing.
+*/
+static void zipfileDequote(char *zIn){
+char q = zIn[0];
+if( q=='"' || q=='\'' || q=='`' || q=='[' ){
+int iIn = 1;
+int iOut = 0;
+if( q=='[' ) q = ']';
+while( ALWAYS(zIn[iIn]) ){
+char c = zIn[iIn++];
+if( c==q && zIn[iIn++]!=q ) break;
+zIn[iOut++] = c;
+}
+zIn[iOut] = '\0';
+}
+}
+/*
+** Construct a new ZipfileTab virtual table object.
+**
+**   argv[0]   -> module name  ("zipfile")
+**   argv[1]   -> database name
+**   argv[2]   -> table name
+**   argv[...] -> "column name" and other module argument fields.
+*/
+static int zipfileConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pAux,
+int argc, const char *const*argv,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErr
+){
+int nByte = sizeof(ZipfileTab) + ZIPFILE_BUFFER_SIZE;
+int nFile = 0;
+const char *zFile = 0;
+ZipfileTab *pNew = 0;
+int rc;
+(void)pAux;
+/* If the table name is not "zipfile", require that the argument be
+** specified. This stops zipfile tables from being created as:
+**
+**   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE zzz USING zipfile();
+**
+** It does not prevent:
+**
+**   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE zipfile USING zipfile();
+*/
+assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(argv[0], "zipfile") );
+if( (0!=sqlite3_stricmp(argv[2], "zipfile") && argc<4) || argc>4 ){
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile constructor requires one argument");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+if( argc>3 ){
+zFile = argv[3];
+nFile = (int)strlen(zFile)+1;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, ZIPFILE_SCHEMA);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew = (ZipfileTab*)sqlite3_malloc64((sqlite3_int64)nByte+nFile);
+if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pNew, 0, nByte+nFile);
+pNew->db = db;
+pNew->aBuffer = (u8*)&pNew[1];
+if( zFile ){
+pNew->zFile = (char*)&pNew->aBuffer[ZIPFILE_BUFFER_SIZE];
+memcpy(pNew->zFile, zFile, nFile);
+zipfileDequote(pNew->zFile);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY);
+*ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pNew;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Free the ZipfileEntry structure indicated by the only argument.
+*/
+static void zipfileEntryFree(ZipfileEntry *p){
+if( p ){
+sqlite3_free(p->cds.zFile);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Release resources that should be freed at the end of a write
+** transaction.
+*/
+static void zipfileCleanupTransaction(ZipfileTab *pTab){
+ZipfileEntry *pEntry;
+ZipfileEntry *pNext;
+if( pTab->pWriteFd ){
+fclose(pTab->pWriteFd);
+pTab->pWriteFd = 0;
+}
+for(pEntry=pTab->pFirstEntry; pEntry; pEntry=pNext){
+pNext = pEntry->pNext;
+zipfileEntryFree(pEntry);
+}
+pTab->pFirstEntry = 0;
+pTab->pLastEntry = 0;
+pTab->szCurrent = 0;
+pTab->szOrig = 0;
+}
+/*
+** This method is the destructor for zipfile vtab objects.
+*/
+static int zipfileDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+zipfileCleanupTransaction((ZipfileTab*)pVtab);
+sqlite3_free(pVtab);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Constructor for a new ZipfileCsr object.
+*/
+static int zipfileOpen(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCsr){
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)p;
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr;
+pCsr = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(*pCsr));
+*ppCsr = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor*)pCsr;
+if( pCsr==0 ){
+return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+memset(pCsr, 0, sizeof(*pCsr));
+pCsr->iId = ++pTab->iNextCsrid;
+pCsr->pCsrNext = pTab->pCsrList;
+pTab->pCsrList = pCsr;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Reset a cursor back to the state it was in when first returned
+** by zipfileOpen().
+*/
+static void zipfileResetCursor(ZipfileCsr *pCsr){
+ZipfileEntry *p;
+ZipfileEntry *pNext;
+pCsr->bEof = 0;
+if( pCsr->pFile ){
+fclose(pCsr->pFile);
+pCsr->pFile = 0;
+zipfileEntryFree(pCsr->pCurrent);
+pCsr->pCurrent = 0;
+}
+for(p=pCsr->pFreeEntry; p; p=pNext){
+pNext = p->pNext;
+zipfileEntryFree(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Destructor for an ZipfileCsr.
+*/
+static int zipfileClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr = (ZipfileCsr*)cur;
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)(pCsr->base.pVtab);
+ZipfileCsr **pp;
+zipfileResetCursor(pCsr);
+/* Remove this cursor from the ZipfileTab.pCsrList list. */
+for(pp=&pTab->pCsrList; *pp!=pCsr; pp=&((*pp)->pCsrNext));
+*pp = pCsr->pCsrNext;
+sqlite3_free(pCsr);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Set the error message for the virtual table associated with cursor
+** pCsr to the results of vprintf(zFmt, ...).
+*/
+static void zipfileTableErr(ZipfileTab *pTab, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+sqlite3_free(pTab->base.zErrMsg);
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+static void zipfileCursorErr(ZipfileCsr *pCsr, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+sqlite3_free(pCsr->base.pVtab->zErrMsg);
+pCsr->base.pVtab->zErrMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+}
+/*
+** Read nRead bytes of data from offset iOff of file pFile into buffer
+** aRead[]. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
+** otherwise.
+**
+** If an error does occur, output variable (*pzErrmsg) may be set to point
+** to an English language error message. It is the responsibility of the
+** caller to eventually free this buffer using
+** sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static int zipfileReadData(
+FILE *pFile,                    /* Read from this file */
+u8 *aRead,                      /* Read into this buffer */
+int nRead,                      /* Number of bytes to read */
+i64 iOff,                       /* Offset to read from */
+char **pzErrmsg                 /* OUT: Error message (from sqlite3_malloc) */
+){
+size_t n;
+fseek(pFile, (long)iOff, SEEK_SET);
+n = fread(aRead, 1, nRead, pFile);
+if( (int)n!=nRead ){
+*pzErrmsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error in fread()");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+static int zipfileAppendData(
+ZipfileTab *pTab,
+const u8 *aWrite,
+int nWrite
+){
+if( nWrite>0 ){
+size_t n = nWrite;
+fseek(pTab->pWriteFd, (long)pTab->szCurrent, SEEK_SET);
+n = fwrite(aWrite, 1, nWrite, pTab->pWriteFd);
+if( (int)n!=nWrite ){
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("error in fwrite()");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+pTab->szCurrent += nWrite;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Read and return a 16-bit little-endian unsigned integer from buffer aBuf.
+*/
+static u16 zipfileGetU16(const u8 *aBuf){
+return (aBuf[1] << 8) + aBuf[0];
+}
+/*
+** Read and return a 32-bit little-endian unsigned integer from buffer aBuf.
+*/
+static u32 zipfileGetU32(const u8 *aBuf){
+if( aBuf==0 ) return 0;
+return ((u32)(aBuf[3]) << 24)
++ ((u32)(aBuf[2]) << 16)
++ ((u32)(aBuf[1]) <<  8)
++ ((u32)(aBuf[0]) <<  0);
+}
+/*
+** Write a 16-bit little endiate integer into buffer aBuf.
+*/
+static void zipfilePutU16(u8 *aBuf, u16 val){
+aBuf[0] = val & 0xFF;
+aBuf[1] = (val>>8) & 0xFF;
+}
+/*
+** Write a 32-bit little endiate integer into buffer aBuf.
+*/
+static void zipfilePutU32(u8 *aBuf, u32 val){
+aBuf[0] = val & 0xFF;
+aBuf[1] = (val>>8) & 0xFF;
+aBuf[2] = (val>>16) & 0xFF;
+aBuf[3] = (val>>24) & 0xFF;
+}
+#define zipfileRead32(aBuf) ( aBuf+=4, zipfileGetU32(aBuf-4) )
+#define zipfileRead16(aBuf) ( aBuf+=2, zipfileGetU16(aBuf-2) )
+#define zipfileWrite32(aBuf,val) { zipfilePutU32(aBuf,val); aBuf+=4; }
+#define zipfileWrite16(aBuf,val) { zipfilePutU16(aBuf,val); aBuf+=2; }
+/*
+** Magic numbers used to read CDS records.
+*/
+#define ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF        28
+#define ZIPFILE_CDS_SZCOMPRESSED_OFF 20
+/*
+** Decode the CDS record in buffer aBuf into (*pCDS). Return SQLITE_ERROR
+** if the record is not well-formed, or SQLITE_OK otherwise.
+*/
+static int zipfileReadCDS(u8 *aBuf, ZipfileCDS *pCDS){
+u8 *aRead = aBuf;
+u32 sig = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( sig!=ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_CDS ){
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+pCDS->iVersionMadeBy = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->iVersionExtract = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->flags = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->iCompression = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->mTime = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->mDate = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->crc32 = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pCDS->szCompressed = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pCDS->szUncompressed = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+assert( aRead==&aBuf[ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF] );
+pCDS->nFile = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->nExtra = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->nComment = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->iDiskStart = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->iInternalAttr = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pCDS->iExternalAttr = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pCDS->iOffset = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+assert( aRead==&aBuf[ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ] );
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Decode the LFH record in buffer aBuf into (*pLFH). Return SQLITE_ERROR
+** if the record is not well-formed, or SQLITE_OK otherwise.
+*/
+static int zipfileReadLFH(
+u8 *aBuffer,
+ZipfileLFH *pLFH
+){
+u8 *aRead = aBuffer;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+u32 sig = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+if( sig!=ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_LFH ){
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+pLFH->iVersionExtract = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->flags = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->iCompression = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->mTime = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->mDate = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->crc32 = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pLFH->szCompressed = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pLFH->szUncompressed = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pLFH->nFile = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pLFH->nExtra = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+if( pLFH->nFile>ZIPFILE_MX_NAME ) rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Buffer aExtra (size nExtra bytes) contains zip archive "extra" fields.
+** Scan through this buffer to find an "extra-timestamp" field. If one
+** exists, extract the 32-bit modification-timestamp from it and store
+** the value in output parameter *pmTime.
+**
+** Zero is returned if no extra-timestamp record could be found (and so
+** *pmTime is left unchanged), or non-zero otherwise.
+**
+** The general format of an extra field is:
+**
+**   Header ID    2 bytes
+**   Data Size    2 bytes
+**   Data         N bytes
+*/
+static int zipfileScanExtra(u8 *aExtra, int nExtra, u32 *pmTime){
+int ret = 0;
+u8 *p = aExtra;
+u8 *pEnd = &aExtra[nExtra];
+while( p<pEnd ){
+u16 id = zipfileRead16(p);
+u16 nByte = zipfileRead16(p);
+switch( id ){
+case ZIPFILE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP: {
+u8 b = p[0];
+if( b & 0x01 ){     /* 0x01 -> modtime is present */
+*pmTime = zipfileGetU32(&p[1]);
+ret = 1;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+p += nByte;
+}
+return ret;
+}
+/*
+** Convert the standard MS-DOS timestamp stored in the mTime and mDate
+** fields of the CDS structure passed as the only argument to a 32-bit
+** UNIX seconds-since-the-epoch timestamp. Return the result.
+**
+** "Standard" MS-DOS time format:
+**
+**   File modification time:
+**     Bits 00-04: seconds divided by 2
+**     Bits 05-10: minute
+**     Bits 11-15: hour
+**   File modification date:
+**     Bits 00-04: day
+**     Bits 05-08: month (1-12)
+**     Bits 09-15: years from 1980
+**
+** https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9kkf9tah.aspx
+*/
+static u32 zipfileMtime(ZipfileCDS *pCDS){
+int Y,M,D,X1,X2,A,B,sec,min,hr;
+i64 JDsec;
+Y = (1980 + ((pCDS->mDate >> 9) & 0x7F));
+M = ((pCDS->mDate >> 5) & 0x0F);
+D = (pCDS->mDate & 0x1F);
+sec = (pCDS->mTime & 0x1F)*2;
+min = (pCDS->mTime >> 5) & 0x3F;
+hr = (pCDS->mTime >> 11) & 0x1F;
+if( M<=2 ){
+Y--;
+M += 12;
+}
+X1 = 36525*(Y+4716)/100;
+X2 = 306001*(M+1)/10000;
+A = Y/100;
+B = 2 - A + (A/4);
+JDsec = (i64)((X1 + X2 + D + B - 1524.5)*86400) + hr*3600 + min*60 + sec;
+return (u32)(JDsec - (i64)24405875*(i64)8640);
+}
+/*
+** The opposite of zipfileMtime(). This function populates the mTime and
+** mDate fields of the CDS structure passed as the first argument according
+** to the UNIX timestamp value passed as the second.
+*/
+static void zipfileMtimeToDos(ZipfileCDS *pCds, u32 mUnixTime){
+/* Convert unix timestamp to JD (2440588 is noon on 1/1/1970) */
+i64 JD = (i64)2440588 + mUnixTime / (24*60*60);
+int A, B, C, D, E;
+int yr, mon, day;
+int hr, min, sec;
+A = (int)((JD - 1867216.25)/36524.25);
+A = (int)(JD + 1 + A - (A/4));
+B = A + 1524;
+C = (int)((B - 122.1)/365.25);
+D = (36525*(C&32767))/100;
+E = (int)((B-D)/30.6001);
+day = B - D - (int)(30.6001*E);
+mon = (E<14 ? E-1 : E-13);
+yr = mon>2 ? C-4716 : C-4715;
+hr = (mUnixTime % (24*60*60)) / (60*60);
+min = (mUnixTime % (60*60)) / 60;
+sec = (mUnixTime % 60);
+if( yr>=1980 ){
+pCds->mDate = (u16)(day + (mon << 5) + ((yr-1980) << 9));
+pCds->mTime = (u16)(sec/2 + (min<<5) + (hr<<11));
+}else{
+pCds->mDate = pCds->mTime = 0;
+}
+assert( mUnixTime<315507600
+|| mUnixTime==zipfileMtime(pCds)
+|| ((mUnixTime % 2) && mUnixTime-1==zipfileMtime(pCds))
+/* || (mUnixTime % 2) */
+);
+}
+/*
+** Set (*pzErr) to point to a buffer from sqlite3_malloc() containing a
+** generic corruption message and return SQLITE_CORRUPT;
+*/
+static int zipfileCorrupt(char **pzErr){
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zip archive is corrupt");
+return SQLITE_CORRUPT;
+}
+/*
+** If aBlob is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a buffer (nBlob bytes in
+** size) containing an entire zip archive image. Or, if aBlob is NULL,
+** then pFile is a file-handle open on a zip file. In either case, this
+** function creates a ZipfileEntry object based on the zip archive entry
+** for which the CDS record is at offset iOff.
+**
+** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned and (*ppEntry) set to point to
+** the new object. Otherwise, an SQLite error code is returned and the
+** final value of (*ppEntry) undefined.
+*/
+static int zipfileGetEntry(
+ZipfileTab *pTab,               /* Store any error message here */
+const u8 *aBlob,                /* Pointer to in-memory file image */
+int nBlob,                      /* Size of aBlob[] in bytes */
+FILE *pFile,                    /* If aBlob==0, read from this file */
+i64 iOff,                       /* Offset of CDS record */
+ZipfileEntry **ppEntry          /* OUT: Pointer to new object */
+){
+u8 *aRead;
+char **pzErr = &pTab->base.zErrMsg;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( aBlob==0 ){
+aRead = pTab->aBuffer;
+rc = zipfileReadData(pFile, aRead, ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ, iOff, pzErr);
+}else{
+if( (iOff+ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ)>nBlob ){
+/* Not enough data for the CDS structure. Corruption. */
+return zipfileCorrupt(pzErr);
+}
+aRead = (u8*)&aBlob[iOff];
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_int64 nAlloc;
+ZipfileEntry *pNew;
+int nFile = zipfileGetU16(&aRead[ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF]);
+int nExtra = zipfileGetU16(&aRead[ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF+2]);
+nExtra += zipfileGetU16(&aRead[ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF+4]);
+nAlloc = sizeof(ZipfileEntry) + nExtra;
+if( aBlob ){
+nAlloc += zipfileGetU32(&aRead[ZIPFILE_CDS_SZCOMPRESSED_OFF]);
+}
+pNew = (ZipfileEntry*)sqlite3_malloc64(nAlloc);
+if( pNew==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(ZipfileEntry));
+rc = zipfileReadCDS(aRead, &pNew->cds);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("failed to read CDS at offset %lld", iOff);
+}else if( aBlob==0 ){
+rc = zipfileReadData(
+pFile, aRead, nExtra+nFile, iOff+ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ, pzErr
+);
+}else{
+aRead = (u8*)&aBlob[iOff + ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ];
+if( (iOff + ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ + nFile + nExtra)>nBlob ){
+rc = zipfileCorrupt(pzErr);
+}
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+u32 *pt = &pNew->mUnixTime;
+pNew->cds.zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s", nFile, aRead);
+pNew->aExtra = (u8*)&pNew[1];
+memcpy(pNew->aExtra, &aRead[nFile], nExtra);
+if( pNew->cds.zFile==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else if( 0==zipfileScanExtra(&aRead[nFile], pNew->cds.nExtra, pt) ){
+pNew->mUnixTime = zipfileMtime(&pNew->cds);
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+static const int szFix = ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ;
+ZipfileLFH lfh;
+if( pFile ){
+rc = zipfileReadData(pFile, aRead, szFix, pNew->cds.iOffset, pzErr);
+}else{
+aRead = (u8*)&aBlob[pNew->cds.iOffset];
+if( (pNew->cds.iOffset + ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ)>nBlob ){
+rc = zipfileCorrupt(pzErr);
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = zipfileReadLFH(aRead, &lfh);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew->iDataOff =  pNew->cds.iOffset + ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ;
+pNew->iDataOff += lfh.nFile + lfh.nExtra;
+if( aBlob && pNew->cds.szCompressed ){
+if( pNew->iDataOff + pNew->cds.szCompressed > nBlob ){
+rc = zipfileCorrupt(pzErr);
+}else{
+pNew->aData = &pNew->aExtra[nExtra];
+memcpy(pNew->aData, &aBlob[pNew->iDataOff], pNew->cds.szCompressed);
+}
+}
+}else{
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("failed to read LFH at offset %d",
+(int)pNew->cds.iOffset
+);
+}
+}
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+zipfileEntryFree(pNew);
+}else{
+*ppEntry = pNew;
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Advance an ZipfileCsr to its next row of output.
+*/
+static int zipfileNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr = (ZipfileCsr*)cur;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pCsr->pFile ){
+i64 iEof = pCsr->eocd.iOffset + pCsr->eocd.nSize;
+zipfileEntryFree(pCsr->pCurrent);
+pCsr->pCurrent = 0;
+if( pCsr->iNextOff>=iEof ){
+pCsr->bEof = 1;
+}else{
+ZipfileEntry *p = 0;
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)(cur->pVtab);
+rc = zipfileGetEntry(pTab, 0, 0, pCsr->pFile, pCsr->iNextOff, &p);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pCsr->iNextOff += ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ;
+pCsr->iNextOff += (int)p->cds.nExtra + p->cds.nFile + p->cds.nComment;
+}
+pCsr->pCurrent = p;
+}
+}else{
+if( !pCsr->bNoop ){
+pCsr->pCurrent = pCsr->pCurrent->pNext;
+}
+if( pCsr->pCurrent==0 ){
+pCsr->bEof = 1;
+}
+}
+pCsr->bNoop = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+static void zipfileFree(void *p) {
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+/*
+** Buffer aIn (size nIn bytes) contains compressed data. Uncompressed, the
+** size is nOut bytes. This function uncompresses the data and sets the
+** return value in context pCtx to the result (a blob).
+**
+** If an error occurs, an error code is left in pCtx instead.
+*/
+static void zipfileInflate(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Store result here */
+const u8 *aIn,                  /* Compressed data */
+int nIn,                        /* Size of buffer aIn[] in bytes */
+int nOut                        /* Expected output size */
+){
+u8 *aRes = sqlite3_malloc(nOut);
+if( aRes==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+}else{
+int err;
+z_stream str;
+memset(&str, 0, sizeof(str));
+str.next_in = (Byte*)aIn;
+str.avail_in = nIn;
+str.next_out = (Byte*)aRes;
+str.avail_out = nOut;
+err = inflateInit2(&str, -15);
+if( err!=Z_OK ){
+zipfileCtxErrorMsg(pCtx, "inflateInit2() failed (%d)", err);
+}else{
+err = inflate(&str, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+if( err!=Z_STREAM_END ){
+zipfileCtxErrorMsg(pCtx, "inflate() failed (%d)", err);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, aRes, nOut, zipfileFree);
+aRes = 0;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(aRes);
+inflateEnd(&str);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Buffer aIn (size nIn bytes) contains uncompressed data. This function
+** compresses it and sets (*ppOut) to point to a buffer containing the
+** compressed data. The caller is responsible for eventually calling
+** sqlite3_free() to release buffer (*ppOut). Before returning, (*pnOut)
+** is set to the size of buffer (*ppOut) in bytes.
+**
+** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite error
+** code is returned and an error message left in virtual-table handle
+** pTab. The values of (*ppOut) and (*pnOut) are left unchanged in this
+** case.
+*/
+static int zipfileDeflate(
+const u8 *aIn, int nIn,         /* Input */
+u8 **ppOut, int *pnOut,         /* Output */
+char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message */
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3_int64 nAlloc;
+z_stream str;
+u8 *aOut;
+memset(&str, 0, sizeof(str));
+str.next_in = (Bytef*)aIn;
+str.avail_in = nIn;
+deflateInit2(&str, 9, Z_DEFLATED, -15, 8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
+nAlloc = deflateBound(&str, nIn);
+aOut = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc64(nAlloc);
+if( aOut==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+int res;
+str.next_out = aOut;
+str.avail_out = nAlloc;
+res = deflate(&str, Z_FINISH);
+if( res==Z_STREAM_END ){
+*ppOut = aOut;
+*pnOut = (int)str.total_out;
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(aOut);
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: deflate() error");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+deflateEnd(&str);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return values of columns for the row at which the series_cursor
+** is currently pointing.
+*/
+static int zipfileColumn(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
+sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
+int i                       /* Which column to return */
+){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr = (ZipfileCsr*)cur;
+ZipfileCDS *pCDS = &pCsr->pCurrent->cds;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+switch( i ){
+case 0:   /* name */
+sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCDS->zFile, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+case 1:   /* mode */
+/* TODO: Whether or not the following is correct surely depends on
+** the platform on which the archive was created.  */
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCDS->iExternalAttr >> 16);
+break;
+case 2: { /* mtime */
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCsr->pCurrent->mUnixTime);
+break;
+}
+case 3: { /* sz */
+if( sqlite3_vtab_nochange(ctx)==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCDS->szUncompressed);
+}
+break;
+}
+case 4:   /* rawdata */
+if( sqlite3_vtab_nochange(ctx) ) break;
+case 5: { /* data */
+if( i==4 || pCDS->iCompression==0 || pCDS->iCompression==8 ){
+int sz = pCDS->szCompressed;
+int szFinal = pCDS->szUncompressed;
+if( szFinal>0 ){
+u8 *aBuf;
+u8 *aFree = 0;
+if( pCsr->pCurrent->aData ){
+aBuf = pCsr->pCurrent->aData;
+}else{
+aBuf = aFree = sqlite3_malloc64(sz);
+if( aBuf==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+FILE *pFile = pCsr->pFile;
+if( pFile==0 ){
+pFile = ((ZipfileTab*)(pCsr->base.pVtab))->pWriteFd;
+}
+rc = zipfileReadData(pFile, aBuf, sz, pCsr->pCurrent->iDataOff,
+&pCsr->base.pVtab->zErrMsg
+);
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( i==5 && pCDS->iCompression ){
+zipfileInflate(ctx, aBuf, sz, szFinal);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_blob(ctx, aBuf, sz, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(aFree);
+}else{
+/* Figure out if this is a directory or a zero-sized file. Consider
+** it to be a directory either if the mode suggests so, or if
+** the final character in the name is '/'.  */
+u32 mode = pCDS->iExternalAttr >> 16;
+if( !(mode & S_IFDIR)
+&& pCDS->nFile>=1
+&& pCDS->zFile[pCDS->nFile-1]!='/'
+){
+sqlite3_result_blob(ctx, "", 0, SQLITE_STATIC);
+}
+}
+}
+break;
+}
+case 6:   /* method */
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCDS->iCompression);
+break;
+default:  /* z */
+assert( i==7 );
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCsr->iId);
+break;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the cursor is at EOF.
+*/
+static int zipfileEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr = (ZipfileCsr*)cur;
+return pCsr->bEof;
+}
+/*
+** If aBlob is not NULL, then it points to a buffer nBlob bytes in size
+** containing an entire zip archive image. Or, if aBlob is NULL, then pFile
+** is guaranteed to be a file-handle open on a zip file.
+**
+** This function attempts to locate the EOCD record within the zip archive
+** and populate *pEOCD with the results of decoding it. SQLITE_OK is
+** returned if successful. Otherwise, an SQLite error code is returned and
+** an English language error message may be left in virtual-table pTab.
+*/
+static int zipfileReadEOCD(
+ZipfileTab *pTab,               /* Return errors here */
+const u8 *aBlob,                /* Pointer to in-memory file image */
+int nBlob,                      /* Size of aBlob[] in bytes */
+FILE *pFile,                    /* Read from this file if aBlob==0 */
+ZipfileEOCD *pEOCD              /* Object to populate */
+){
+u8 *aRead = pTab->aBuffer;      /* Temporary buffer */
+int nRead;                      /* Bytes to read from file */
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+memset(pEOCD, 0, sizeof(ZipfileEOCD));
+if( aBlob==0 ){
+i64 iOff;                     /* Offset to read from */
+i64 szFile;                   /* Total size of file in bytes */
+fseek(pFile, 0, SEEK_END);
+szFile = (i64)ftell(pFile);
+if( szFile==0 ){
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+nRead = (int)(MIN(szFile, ZIPFILE_BUFFER_SIZE));
+iOff = szFile - nRead;
+rc = zipfileReadData(pFile, aRead, nRead, iOff, &pTab->base.zErrMsg);
+}else{
+nRead = (int)(MIN(nBlob, ZIPFILE_BUFFER_SIZE));
+aRead = (u8*)&aBlob[nBlob-nRead];
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int i;
+/* Scan backwards looking for the signature bytes */
+for(i=nRead-20; i>=0; i--){
+if( aRead[i]==0x50 && aRead[i+1]==0x4b
+&& aRead[i+2]==0x05 && aRead[i+3]==0x06
+){
+break;
+}
+}
+if( i<0 ){
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"cannot find end of central directory record"
+);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+aRead += i+4;
+pEOCD->iDisk = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pEOCD->iFirstDisk = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pEOCD->nEntry = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pEOCD->nEntryTotal = zipfileRead16(aRead);
+pEOCD->nSize = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+pEOCD->iOffset = zipfileRead32(aRead);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Add object pNew to the linked list that begins at ZipfileTab.pFirstEntry
+** and ends with pLastEntry. If argument pBefore is NULL, then pNew is added
+** to the end of the list. Otherwise, it is added to the list immediately
+** before pBefore (which is guaranteed to be a part of said list).
+*/
+static void zipfileAddEntry(
+ZipfileTab *pTab,
+ZipfileEntry *pBefore,
+ZipfileEntry *pNew
+){
+assert( (pTab->pFirstEntry==0)==(pTab->pLastEntry==0) );
+assert( pNew->pNext==0 );
+if( pBefore==0 ){
+if( pTab->pFirstEntry==0 ){
+pTab->pFirstEntry = pTab->pLastEntry = pNew;
+}else{
+assert( pTab->pLastEntry->pNext==0 );
+pTab->pLastEntry->pNext = pNew;
+pTab->pLastEntry = pNew;
+}
+}else{
+ZipfileEntry **pp;
+for(pp=&pTab->pFirstEntry; *pp!=pBefore; pp=&((*pp)->pNext));
+pNew->pNext = pBefore;
+*pp = pNew;
+}
+}
+static int zipfileLoadDirectory(ZipfileTab *pTab, const u8 *aBlob, int nBlob){
+ZipfileEOCD eocd;
+int rc;
+int i;
+i64 iOff;
+rc = zipfileReadEOCD(pTab, aBlob, nBlob, pTab->pWriteFd, &eocd);
+iOff = eocd.iOffset;
+for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<eocd.nEntry; i++){
+ZipfileEntry *pNew = 0;
+rc = zipfileGetEntry(pTab, aBlob, nBlob, pTab->pWriteFd, iOff, &pNew);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zipfileAddEntry(pTab, 0, pNew);
+iOff += ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ;
+iOff += (int)pNew->cds.nExtra + pNew->cds.nFile + pNew->cds.nComment;
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** xFilter callback.
+*/
+static int zipfileFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)cur->pVtab;
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr = (ZipfileCsr*)cur;
+const char *zFile = 0;          /* Zip file to scan */
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return Code */
+int bInMemory = 0;              /* True for an in-memory zipfile */
+(void)idxStr;
+(void)argc;
+zipfileResetCursor(pCsr);
+if( pTab->zFile ){
+zFile = pTab->zFile;
+}else if( idxNum==0 ){
+zipfileCursorErr(pCsr, "zipfile() function requires an argument");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_BLOB ){
+static const u8 aEmptyBlob = 0;
+const u8 *aBlob = (const u8*)sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+int nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+assert( pTab->pFirstEntry==0 );
+if( aBlob==0 ){
+aBlob = &aEmptyBlob;
+nBlob = 0;
+}
+rc = zipfileLoadDirectory(pTab, aBlob, nBlob);
+pCsr->pFreeEntry = pTab->pFirstEntry;
+pTab->pFirstEntry = pTab->pLastEntry = 0;
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+bInMemory = 1;
+}else{
+zFile = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+}
+if( 0==pTab->pWriteFd && 0==bInMemory ){
+pCsr->pFile = zFile ? sqlite3_fopen(zFile, "rb") : 0;
+if( pCsr->pFile==0 ){
+zipfileCursorErr(pCsr, "cannot open file: %s", zFile);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+rc = zipfileReadEOCD(pTab, 0, 0, pCsr->pFile, &pCsr->eocd);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( pCsr->eocd.nEntry==0 ){
+pCsr->bEof = 1;
+}else{
+pCsr->iNextOff = pCsr->eocd.iOffset;
+rc = zipfileNext(cur);
+}
+}
+}
+}else{
+pCsr->bNoop = 1;
+pCsr->pCurrent = pCsr->pFreeEntry ? pCsr->pFreeEntry : pTab->pFirstEntry;
+rc = zipfileNext(cur);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** xBestIndex callback.
+*/
+static int zipfileBestIndex(
+sqlite3_vtab *tab,
+sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
+){
+int i;
+int idx = -1;
+int unusable = 0;
+(void)tab;
+for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++){
+const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pCons = &pIdxInfo->aConstraint[i];
+if( pCons->iColumn!=ZIPFILE_F_COLUMN_IDX ) continue;
+if( pCons->usable==0 ){
+unusable = 1;
+}else if( pCons->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+idx = i;
+}
+}
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = 1000.0;
+if( idx>=0 ){
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idx].argvIndex = 1;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[idx].omit = 1;
+pIdxInfo->idxNum = 1;
+}else if( unusable ){
+return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+static ZipfileEntry *zipfileNewEntry(const char *zPath){
+ZipfileEntry *pNew;
+pNew = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(ZipfileEntry));
+if( pNew ){
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(ZipfileEntry));
+pNew->cds.zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPath);
+if( pNew->cds.zFile==0 ){
+sqlite3_free(pNew);
+pNew = 0;
+}
+}
+return pNew;
+}
+static int zipfileSerializeLFH(ZipfileEntry *pEntry, u8 *aBuf){
+ZipfileCDS *pCds = &pEntry->cds;
+u8 *a = aBuf;
+pCds->nExtra = 9;
+/* Write the LFH itself */
+zipfileWrite32(a, ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_LFH);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->iVersionExtract);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->flags);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->iCompression);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->mTime);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->mDate);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCds->crc32);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCds->szCompressed);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCds->szUncompressed);
+zipfileWrite16(a, (u16)pCds->nFile);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCds->nExtra);
+assert( a==&aBuf[ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ] );
+/* Add the file name */
+memcpy(a, pCds->zFile, (int)pCds->nFile);
+a += (int)pCds->nFile;
+/* The "extra" data */
+zipfileWrite16(a, ZIPFILE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP);
+zipfileWrite16(a, 5);
+*a++ = 0x01;
+zipfileWrite32(a, pEntry->mUnixTime);
+return a-aBuf;
+}
+static int zipfileAppendEntry(
+ZipfileTab *pTab,
+ZipfileEntry *pEntry,
+const u8 *pData,
+int nData
+){
+u8 *aBuf = pTab->aBuffer;
+int nBuf;
+int rc;
+nBuf = zipfileSerializeLFH(pEntry, aBuf);
+rc = zipfileAppendData(pTab, aBuf, nBuf);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pEntry->iDataOff = pTab->szCurrent;
+rc = zipfileAppendData(pTab, pData, nData);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+static int zipfileGetMode(
+sqlite3_value *pVal,
+int bIsDir,                     /* If true, default to directory */
+u32 *pMode,                     /* OUT: Mode value */
+char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message */
+){
+const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
+u32 mode = 0;
+if( z==0 ){
+mode = (bIsDir ? (S_IFDIR + 0755) : (S_IFREG + 0644));
+}else if( z[0]>='0' && z[0]<='9' ){
+mode = (unsigned int)sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
+}else{
+const char zTemplate[11] = "-rwxrwxrwx";
+int i;
+if( strlen(z)!=10 ) goto parse_error;
+switch( z[0] ){
+case '-': mode |= S_IFREG; break;
+case 'd': mode |= S_IFDIR; break;
+case 'l': mode |= S_IFLNK; break;
+default: goto parse_error;
+}
+for(i=1; i<10; i++){
+if( z[i]==zTemplate[i] ) mode |= 1 << (9-i);
+else if( z[i]!='-' ) goto parse_error;
+}
+}
+if( ((mode & S_IFDIR)==0)==bIsDir ){
+/* The "mode" attribute is a directory, but data has been specified.
+** Or vice-versa - no data but "mode" is a file or symlink.  */
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: mode does not match data");
+return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+*pMode = mode;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+parse_error:
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: parse error in mode: %s", z);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+/*
+** Both (const char*) arguments point to nul-terminated strings. Argument
+** nB is the value of strlen(zB). This function returns 0 if the strings are
+** identical, ignoring any trailing '/' character in either path.  */
+static int zipfileComparePath(const char *zA, const char *zB, int nB){
+int nA = (int)strlen(zA);
+if( nA>0 && zA[nA-1]=='/' ) nA--;
+if( nB>0 && zB[nB-1]=='/' ) nB--;
+if( nA==nB && memcmp(zA, zB, nA)==0 ) return 0;
+return 1;
+}
+static int zipfileBegin(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)pVtab;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+assert( pTab->pWriteFd==0 );
+if( pTab->zFile==0 || pTab->zFile[0]==0 ){
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile: missing filename");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+/* Open a write fd on the file. Also load the entire central directory
+** structure into memory. During the transaction any new file data is
+** appended to the archive file, but the central directory is accumulated
+** in main-memory until the transaction is committed.  */
+pTab->pWriteFd = sqlite3_fopen(pTab->zFile, "ab+");
+if( pTab->pWriteFd==0 ){
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"zipfile: failed to open file %s for writing", pTab->zFile
+);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+fseek(pTab->pWriteFd, 0, SEEK_END);
+pTab->szCurrent = pTab->szOrig = (i64)ftell(pTab->pWriteFd);
+rc = zipfileLoadDirectory(pTab, 0, 0);
+}
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+zipfileCleanupTransaction(pTab);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the current time as a 32-bit timestamp in UNIX epoch format (like
+** time(2)).
+*/
+static u32 zipfileTime(void){
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(0);
+u32 ret;
+if( pVfs==0 ) return 0;
+if( pVfs->iVersion>=2 && pVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64 ){
+i64 ms;
+pVfs->xCurrentTimeInt64(pVfs, &ms);
+ret = (u32)((ms/1000) - ((i64)24405875 * 8640));
+}else{
+double day;
+pVfs->xCurrentTime(pVfs, &day);
+ret = (u32)((day - 2440587.5) * 86400);
+}
+return ret;
+}
+/*
+** Return a 32-bit timestamp in UNIX epoch format.
+**
+** If the value passed as the only argument is either NULL or an SQL NULL,
+** return the current time. Otherwise, return the value stored in (*pVal)
+** cast to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
+*/
+static u32 zipfileGetTime(sqlite3_value *pVal){
+if( pVal==0 || sqlite3_value_type(pVal)==SQLITE_NULL ){
+return zipfileTime();
+}
+return (u32)sqlite3_value_int64(pVal);
+}
+/*
+** Unless it is NULL, entry pOld is currently part of the pTab->pFirstEntry
+** linked list.  Remove it from the list and free the object.
+*/
+static void zipfileRemoveEntryFromList(ZipfileTab *pTab, ZipfileEntry *pOld){
+if( pOld ){
+if( pTab->pFirstEntry==pOld ){
+pTab->pFirstEntry = pOld->pNext;
+if( pTab->pLastEntry==pOld ) pTab->pLastEntry = 0;
+}else{
+ZipfileEntry *p;
+for(p=pTab->pFirstEntry; p; p=p->pNext){
+if( p->pNext==pOld ){
+p->pNext = pOld->pNext;
+if( pTab->pLastEntry==pOld ) pTab->pLastEntry = p;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+zipfileEntryFree(pOld);
+}
+}
+/*
+** xUpdate method.
+*/
+static int zipfileUpdate(
+sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal,
+sqlite_int64 *pRowid
+){
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)pVtab;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return Code */
+ZipfileEntry *pNew = 0;         /* New in-memory CDS entry */
+u32 mode = 0;                   /* Mode for new entry */
+u32 mTime = 0;                  /* Modification time for new entry */
+i64 sz = 0;                     /* Uncompressed size */
+const char *zPath = 0;          /* Path for new entry */
+int nPath = 0;                  /* strlen(zPath) */
+const u8 *pData = 0;            /* Pointer to buffer containing content */
+int nData = 0;                  /* Size of pData buffer in bytes */
+int iMethod = 0;                /* Compression method for new entry */
+u8 *pFree = 0;                  /* Free this */
+char *zFree = 0;                /* Also free this */
+ZipfileEntry *pOld = 0;
+ZipfileEntry *pOld2 = 0;
+int bUpdate = 0;                /* True for an update that modifies "name" */
+int bIsDir = 0;
+u32 iCrc32 = 0;
+(void)pRowid;
+if( pTab->pWriteFd==0 ){
+rc = zipfileBegin(pVtab);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+}
+/* If this is a DELETE or UPDATE, find the archive entry to delete. */
+if( sqlite3_value_type(apVal[0])!=SQLITE_NULL ){
+const char *zDelete = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+int nDelete = (int)strlen(zDelete);
+if( nVal>1 ){
+const char *zUpdate = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[1]);
+if( zUpdate && zipfileComparePath(zUpdate, zDelete, nDelete)!=0 ){
+bUpdate = 1;
+}
+}
+for(pOld=pTab->pFirstEntry; 1; pOld=pOld->pNext){
+if( zipfileComparePath(pOld->cds.zFile, zDelete, nDelete)==0 ){
+break;
+}
+assert( pOld->pNext );
+}
+}
+if( nVal>1 ){
+/* Check that "sz" and "rawdata" are both NULL: */
+if( sqlite3_value_type(apVal[5])!=SQLITE_NULL ){
+zipfileTableErr(pTab, "sz must be NULL");
+rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+if( sqlite3_value_type(apVal[6])!=SQLITE_NULL ){
+zipfileTableErr(pTab, "rawdata must be NULL");
+rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( sqlite3_value_type(apVal[7])==SQLITE_NULL ){
+/* data=NULL. A directory */
+bIsDir = 1;
+}else{
+/* Value specified for "data", and possibly "method". This must be
+** a regular file or a symlink. */
+const u8 *aIn = sqlite3_value_blob(apVal[7]);
+int nIn = sqlite3_value_bytes(apVal[7]);
+int bAuto = sqlite3_value_type(apVal[8])==SQLITE_NULL;
+iMethod = sqlite3_value_int(apVal[8]);
+sz = nIn;
+pData = aIn;
+nData = nIn;
+if( iMethod!=0 && iMethod!=8 ){
+zipfileTableErr(pTab, "unknown compression method: %d", iMethod);
+rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}else{
+if( bAuto || iMethod ){
+int nCmp;
+rc = zipfileDeflate(aIn, nIn, &pFree, &nCmp, &pTab->base.zErrMsg);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( iMethod || nCmp<nIn ){
+iMethod = 8;
+pData = pFree;
+nData = nCmp;
+}
+}
+}
+iCrc32 = crc32(0, aIn, nIn);
+}
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = zipfileGetMode(apVal[3], bIsDir, &mode, &pTab->base.zErrMsg);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[2]);
+if( zPath==0 ) zPath = "";
+nPath = (int)strlen(zPath);
+if( nPath>ZIPFILE_MX_NAME ){
+zipfileTableErr(pTab, "filename too long; max: %d bytes",
+ZIPFILE_MX_NAME);
+rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+}
+mTime = zipfileGetTime(apVal[4]);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bIsDir ){
+/* For a directory, check that the last character in the path is a
+** '/'. This appears to be required for compatibility with info-zip
+** (the unzip command on unix). It does not create directories
+** otherwise.  */
+if( nPath<=0 || zPath[nPath-1]!='/' ){
+zFree = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/", zPath);
+zPath = (const char*)zFree;
+if( zFree==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+nPath = 0;
+}else{
+nPath = (int)strlen(zPath);
+}
+}
+}
+/* Check that we're not inserting a duplicate entry -OR- updating an
+** entry with a path, thereby making it into a duplicate. */
+if( (pOld==0 || bUpdate) && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+ZipfileEntry *p;
+for(p=pTab->pFirstEntry; p; p=p->pNext){
+if( zipfileComparePath(p->cds.zFile, zPath, nPath)==0 ){
+switch( sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(pTab->db) ){
+case SQLITE_IGNORE: {
+goto zipfile_update_done;
+}
+case SQLITE_REPLACE: {
+pOld2 = p;
+break;
+}
+default: {
+zipfileTableErr(pTab, "duplicate name: \"%s\"", zPath);
+rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+break;
+}
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+/* Create the new CDS record. */
+pNew = zipfileNewEntry(zPath);
+if( pNew==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+pNew->cds.iVersionMadeBy = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_MADEBY;
+pNew->cds.iVersionExtract = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_REQUIRED;
+pNew->cds.flags = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_FLAGS;
+pNew->cds.iCompression = (u16)iMethod;
+zipfileMtimeToDos(&pNew->cds, mTime);
+pNew->cds.crc32 = iCrc32;
+pNew->cds.szCompressed = nData;
+pNew->cds.szUncompressed = (u32)sz;
+pNew->cds.iExternalAttr = (mode<<16);
+pNew->cds.iOffset = (u32)pTab->szCurrent;
+pNew->cds.nFile = (u16)nPath;
+pNew->mUnixTime = (u32)mTime;
+rc = zipfileAppendEntry(pTab, pNew, pData, nData);
+zipfileAddEntry(pTab, pOld, pNew);
+}
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (pOld || pOld2) ){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr;
+for(pCsr=pTab->pCsrList; pCsr; pCsr=pCsr->pCsrNext){
+if( pCsr->pCurrent && (pCsr->pCurrent==pOld || pCsr->pCurrent==pOld2) ){
+pCsr->pCurrent = pCsr->pCurrent->pNext;
+pCsr->bNoop = 1;
+}
+}
+zipfileRemoveEntryFromList(pTab, pOld);
+zipfileRemoveEntryFromList(pTab, pOld2);
+}
+zipfile_update_done:
+sqlite3_free(pFree);
+sqlite3_free(zFree);
+return rc;
+}
+static int zipfileSerializeEOCD(ZipfileEOCD *p, u8 *aBuf){
+u8 *a = aBuf;
+zipfileWrite32(a, ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_EOCD);
+zipfileWrite16(a, p->iDisk);
+zipfileWrite16(a, p->iFirstDisk);
+zipfileWrite16(a, p->nEntry);
+zipfileWrite16(a, p->nEntryTotal);
+zipfileWrite32(a, p->nSize);
+zipfileWrite32(a, p->iOffset);
+zipfileWrite16(a, 0);        /* Size of trailing comment in bytes*/
+return a-aBuf;
+}
+static int zipfileAppendEOCD(ZipfileTab *pTab, ZipfileEOCD *p){
+int nBuf = zipfileSerializeEOCD(p, pTab->aBuffer);
+assert( nBuf==ZIPFILE_EOCD_FIXED_SZ );
+return zipfileAppendData(pTab, pTab->aBuffer, nBuf);
+}
+/*
+** Serialize the CDS structure into buffer aBuf[]. Return the number
+** of bytes written.
+*/
+static int zipfileSerializeCDS(ZipfileEntry *pEntry, u8 *aBuf){
+u8 *a = aBuf;
+ZipfileCDS *pCDS = &pEntry->cds;
+if( pEntry->aExtra==0 ){
+pCDS->nExtra = 9;
+}
+zipfileWrite32(a, ZIPFILE_SIGNATURE_CDS);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->iVersionMadeBy);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->iVersionExtract);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->flags);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->iCompression);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->mTime);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->mDate);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCDS->crc32);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCDS->szCompressed);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCDS->szUncompressed);
+assert( a==&aBuf[ZIPFILE_CDS_NFILE_OFF] );
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->nFile);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->nExtra);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->nComment);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->iDiskStart);
+zipfileWrite16(a, pCDS->iInternalAttr);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCDS->iExternalAttr);
+zipfileWrite32(a, pCDS->iOffset);
+memcpy(a, pCDS->zFile, pCDS->nFile);
+a += pCDS->nFile;
+if( pEntry->aExtra ){
+int n = (int)pCDS->nExtra + (int)pCDS->nComment;
+memcpy(a, pEntry->aExtra, n);
+a += n;
+}else{
+assert( pCDS->nExtra==9 );
+zipfileWrite16(a, ZIPFILE_EXTRA_TIMESTAMP);
+zipfileWrite16(a, 5);
+*a++ = 0x01;
+zipfileWrite32(a, pEntry->mUnixTime);
+}
+return a-aBuf;
+}
+static int zipfileCommit(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)pVtab;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pTab->pWriteFd ){
+i64 iOffset = pTab->szCurrent;
+ZipfileEntry *p;
+ZipfileEOCD eocd;
+int nEntry = 0;
+/* Write out all entries */
+for(p=pTab->pFirstEntry; rc==SQLITE_OK && p; p=p->pNext){
+int n = zipfileSerializeCDS(p, pTab->aBuffer);
+rc = zipfileAppendData(pTab, pTab->aBuffer, n);
+nEntry++;
+}
+/* Write out the EOCD record */
+eocd.iDisk = 0;
+eocd.iFirstDisk = 0;
+eocd.nEntry = (u16)nEntry;
+eocd.nEntryTotal = (u16)nEntry;
+eocd.nSize = (u32)(pTab->szCurrent - iOffset);
+eocd.iOffset = (u32)iOffset;
+rc = zipfileAppendEOCD(pTab, &eocd);
+zipfileCleanupTransaction(pTab);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+static int zipfileRollback(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+return zipfileCommit(pVtab);
+}
+static ZipfileCsr *zipfileFindCursor(ZipfileTab *pTab, i64 iId){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr;
+for(pCsr=pTab->pCsrList; pCsr; pCsr=pCsr->pCsrNext){
+if( iId==pCsr->iId ) break;
+}
+return pCsr;
+}
+static void zipfileFunctionCds(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+ZipfileCsr *pCsr;
+ZipfileTab *pTab = (ZipfileTab*)sqlite3_user_data(context);
+assert( argc>0 );
+pCsr = zipfileFindCursor(pTab, sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]));
+if( pCsr ){
+ZipfileCDS *p = &pCsr->pCurrent->cds;
+char *zRes = sqlite3_mprintf("{"
+"\"version-made-by\" : %u, "
+"\"version-to-extract\" : %u, "
+"\"flags\" : %u, "
+"\"compression\" : %u, "
+"\"time\" : %u, "
+"\"date\" : %u, "
+"\"crc32\" : %u, "
+"\"compressed-size\" : %u, "
+"\"uncompressed-size\" : %u, "
+"\"file-name-length\" : %u, "
+"\"extra-field-length\" : %u, "
+"\"file-comment-length\" : %u, "
+"\"disk-number-start\" : %u, "
+"\"internal-attr\" : %u, "
+"\"external-attr\" : %u, "
+"\"offset\" : %u }",
+(u32)p->iVersionMadeBy, (u32)p->iVersionExtract,
+(u32)p->flags, (u32)p->iCompression,
+(u32)p->mTime, (u32)p->mDate,
+(u32)p->crc32, (u32)p->szCompressed,
+(u32)p->szUncompressed, (u32)p->nFile,
+(u32)p->nExtra, (u32)p->nComment,
+(u32)p->iDiskStart, (u32)p->iInternalAttr,
+(u32)p->iExternalAttr, (u32)p->iOffset
+);
+if( zRes==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_text(context, zRes, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+sqlite3_free(zRes);
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** xFindFunction method.
+*/
+static int zipfileFindFunction(
+sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,            /* Virtual table handle */
+int nArg,                       /* Number of SQL function arguments */
+const char *zName,              /* Name of SQL function */
+void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**), /* OUT: Result */
+void **ppArg                    /* OUT: User data for *pxFunc */
+){
+(void)nArg;
+if( sqlite3_stricmp("zipfile_cds", zName)==0 ){
+*pxFunc = zipfileFunctionCds;
+*ppArg = (void*)pVtab;
+return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+typedef struct ZipfileBuffer ZipfileBuffer;
+struct ZipfileBuffer {
+u8 *a;                          /* Pointer to buffer */
+int n;                          /* Size of buffer in bytes */
+int nAlloc;                     /* Byte allocated at a[] */
+};
+typedef struct ZipfileCtx ZipfileCtx;
+struct ZipfileCtx {
+int nEntry;
+ZipfileBuffer body;
+ZipfileBuffer cds;
+};
+static int zipfileBufferGrow(ZipfileBuffer *pBuf, int nByte){
+if( pBuf->n+nByte>pBuf->nAlloc ){
+u8 *aNew;
+sqlite3_int64 nNew = pBuf->n ? pBuf->n*2 : 512;
+int nReq = pBuf->n + nByte;
+while( nNew<nReq ) nNew = nNew*2;
+aNew = sqlite3_realloc64(pBuf->a, nNew);
+if( aNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+pBuf->a = aNew;
+pBuf->nAlloc = (int)nNew;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** xStep() callback for the zipfile() aggregate. This can be called in
+** any of the following ways:
+**
+**   SELECT zipfile(name,data) ...
+**   SELECT zipfile(name,mode,mtime,data) ...
+**   SELECT zipfile(name,mode,mtime,data,method) ...
+*/
+static void zipfileStep(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int nVal, sqlite3_value **apVal){
+ZipfileCtx *p;                  /* Aggregate function context */
+ZipfileEntry e;                 /* New entry to add to zip archive */
+sqlite3_value *pName = 0;
+sqlite3_value *pMode = 0;
+sqlite3_value *pMtime = 0;
+sqlite3_value *pData = 0;
+sqlite3_value *pMethod = 0;
+int bIsDir = 0;
+u32 mode;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+char *zErr = 0;
+int iMethod = -1;               /* Compression method to use (0 or 8) */
+const u8 *aData = 0;            /* Possibly compressed data for new entry */
+int nData = 0;                  /* Size of aData[] in bytes */
+int szUncompressed = 0;         /* Size of data before compression */
+u8 *aFree = 0;                  /* Free this before returning */
+u32 iCrc32 = 0;                 /* crc32 of uncompressed data */
+char *zName = 0;                /* Path (name) of new entry */
+int nName = 0;                  /* Size of zName in bytes */
+char *zFree = 0;                /* Free this before returning */
+int nByte;
+memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
+p = (ZipfileCtx*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCtx, sizeof(ZipfileCtx));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+/* Martial the arguments into stack variables */
+if( nVal!=2 && nVal!=4 && nVal!=5 ){
+zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("wrong number of arguments to function zipfile()");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+pName = apVal[0];
+if( nVal==2 ){
+pData = apVal[1];
+}else{
+pMode = apVal[1];
+pMtime = apVal[2];
+pData = apVal[3];
+if( nVal==5 ){
+pMethod = apVal[4];
+}
+}
+/* Check that the 'name' parameter looks ok. */
+zName = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(pName);
+nName = sqlite3_value_bytes(pName);
+if( zName==0 ){
+zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("first argument to zipfile() must be non-NULL");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+if( nName>ZIPFILE_MX_NAME ){
+zErr = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"filename argument to zipfile() too big; max: %d bytes",
+ZIPFILE_MX_NAME);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+/* Inspect the 'method' parameter. This must be either 0 (store), 8 (use
+** deflate compression) or NULL (choose automatically).  */
+if( pMethod && SQLITE_NULL!=sqlite3_value_type(pMethod) ){
+iMethod = (int)sqlite3_value_int64(pMethod);
+if( iMethod!=0 && iMethod!=8 ){
+zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("illegal method value: %d", iMethod);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+}
+/* Now inspect the data. If this is NULL, then the new entry must be a
+** directory.  Otherwise, figure out whether or not the data should
+** be deflated or simply stored in the zip archive. */
+if( sqlite3_value_type(pData)==SQLITE_NULL ){
+bIsDir = 1;
+iMethod = 0;
+}else{
+aData = sqlite3_value_blob(pData);
+szUncompressed = nData = sqlite3_value_bytes(pData);
+iCrc32 = crc32(0, aData, nData);
+if( iMethod<0 || iMethod==8 ){
+int nOut = 0;
+rc = zipfileDeflate(aData, nData, &aFree, &nOut, &zErr);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+if( iMethod==8 || nOut<nData ){
+aData = aFree;
+nData = nOut;
+iMethod = 8;
+}else{
+iMethod = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+/* Decode the "mode" argument. */
+rc = zipfileGetMode(pMode, bIsDir, &mode, &zErr);
+if( rc ) goto zipfile_step_out;
+/* Decode the "mtime" argument. */
+e.mUnixTime = zipfileGetTime(pMtime);
+/* If this is a directory entry, ensure that there is exactly one '/'
+** at the end of the path. Or, if this is not a directory and the path
+** ends in '/' it is an error. */
+if( bIsDir==0 ){
+if( nName>0 && zName[nName-1]=='/' ){
+zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("non-directory name must not end with /");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+}else{
+if( nName==0 || zName[nName-1]!='/' ){
+zName = zFree = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/", zName);
+if( zName==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+goto zipfile_step_out;
+}
+nName = (int)strlen(zName);
+}else{
+while( nName>1 && zName[nName-2]=='/' ) nName--;
+}
+}
+/* Assemble the ZipfileEntry object for the new zip archive entry */
+e.cds.iVersionMadeBy = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_MADEBY;
+e.cds.iVersionExtract = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_REQUIRED;
+e.cds.flags = ZIPFILE_NEWENTRY_FLAGS;
+e.cds.iCompression = (u16)iMethod;
+zipfileMtimeToDos(&e.cds, (u32)e.mUnixTime);
+e.cds.crc32 = iCrc32;
+e.cds.szCompressed = nData;
+e.cds.szUncompressed = szUncompressed;
+e.cds.iExternalAttr = (mode<<16);
+e.cds.iOffset = p->body.n;
+e.cds.nFile = (u16)nName;
+e.cds.zFile = zName;
+/* Append the LFH to the body of the new archive */
+nByte = ZIPFILE_LFH_FIXED_SZ + e.cds.nFile + 9;
+if( (rc = zipfileBufferGrow(&p->body, nByte)) ) goto zipfile_step_out;
+p->body.n += zipfileSerializeLFH(&e, &p->body.a[p->body.n]);
+/* Append the data to the body of the new archive */
+if( nData>0 ){
+if( (rc = zipfileBufferGrow(&p->body, nData)) ) goto zipfile_step_out;
+memcpy(&p->body.a[p->body.n], aData, nData);
+p->body.n += nData;
+}
+/* Append the CDS record to the directory of the new archive */
+nByte = ZIPFILE_CDS_FIXED_SZ + e.cds.nFile + 9;
+if( (rc = zipfileBufferGrow(&p->cds, nByte)) ) goto zipfile_step_out;
+p->cds.n += zipfileSerializeCDS(&e, &p->cds.a[p->cds.n]);
+/* Increment the count of entries in the archive */
+p->nEntry++;
+zipfile_step_out:
+sqlite3_free(aFree);
+sqlite3_free(zFree);
+if( rc ){
+if( zErr ){
+sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, zErr, -1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_error_code(pCtx, rc);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+}
+/*
+** xFinalize() callback for zipfile aggregate function.
+*/
+static void zipfileFinal(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
+ZipfileCtx *p;
+ZipfileEOCD eocd;
+sqlite3_int64 nZip;
+u8 *aZip;
+p = (ZipfileCtx*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCtx, sizeof(ZipfileCtx));
+if( p==0 ) return;
+if( p->nEntry>0 ){
+memset(&eocd, 0, sizeof(eocd));
+eocd.nEntry = (u16)p->nEntry;
+eocd.nEntryTotal = (u16)p->nEntry;
+eocd.nSize = p->cds.n;
+eocd.iOffset = p->body.n;
+nZip = p->body.n + p->cds.n + ZIPFILE_EOCD_FIXED_SZ;
+aZip = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc64(nZip);
+if( aZip==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+}else{
+memcpy(aZip, p->body.a, p->body.n);
+memcpy(&aZip[p->body.n], p->cds.a, p->cds.n);
+zipfileSerializeEOCD(&eocd, &aZip[p->body.n + p->cds.n]);
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, aZip, (int)nZip, zipfileFree);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(p->body.a);
+sqlite3_free(p->cds.a);
+}
+/*
+** Register the "zipfile" virtual table.
+*/
+static int zipfileRegister(sqlite3 *db){
+static sqlite3_module zipfileModule = {
+1,                         /* iVersion */
+zipfileConnect,            /* xCreate */
+zipfileConnect,            /* xConnect */
+zipfileBestIndex,          /* xBestIndex */
+zipfileDisconnect,         /* xDisconnect */
+zipfileDisconnect,         /* xDestroy */
+zipfileOpen,               /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+zipfileClose,              /* xClose - close a cursor */
+zipfileFilter,             /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+zipfileNext,               /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+zipfileEof,                /* xEof - check for end of scan */
+zipfileColumn,             /* xColumn - read data */
+0,                         /* xRowid - read data */
+zipfileUpdate,             /* xUpdate */
+zipfileBegin,              /* xBegin */
+0,                         /* xSync */
+zipfileCommit,             /* xCommit */
+zipfileRollback,           /* xRollback */
+zipfileFindFunction,       /* xFindMethod */
+0,                         /* xRename */
+0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+0,                         /* xRelease */
+0,                         /* xRollback */
+0,                         /* xShadowName */
+0                          /* xIntegrity */
+};
+int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "zipfile"  , &zipfileModule, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_overload_function(db, "zipfile_cds", -1);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "zipfile", -1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, 0,
+zipfileStep, zipfileFinal
+);
+}
+assert( sizeof(i64)==8 );
+assert( sizeof(u32)==4 );
+assert( sizeof(u16)==2 );
+assert( sizeof(u8)==1 );
+return rc;
+}
+#else         /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+# define zipfileRegister(x) SQLITE_OK
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_zipfile_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+return zipfileRegister(db);
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/zipfile.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/sqlar.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017-12-17
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** Utility functions sqlar_compress() and sqlar_uncompress(). Useful
+** for working with sqlar archives and used by the shell tool's built-in
+** sqlar support.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <zlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+/*
+** Implementation of the "sqlar_compress(X)" SQL function.
+**
+** If the type of X is SQLITE_BLOB, and compressing that blob using
+** zlib utility function compress() yields a smaller blob, return the
+** compressed blob. Otherwise, return a copy of X.
+**
+** SQLar uses the "zlib format" for compressed content.  The zlib format
+** contains a two-byte identification header and a four-byte checksum at
+** the end.  This is different from ZIP which uses the raw deflate format.
+**
+** Future enhancements to SQLar might add support for new compression formats.
+** If so, those new formats will be identified by alternative headers in the
+** compressed data.
+*/
+static void sqlarCompressFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+assert( argc==1 );
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_BLOB ){
+const Bytef *pData = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+uLong nData = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+uLongf nOut = compressBound(nData);
+Bytef *pOut;
+pOut = (Bytef*)sqlite3_malloc(nOut);
+if( pOut==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}else{
+if( Z_OK!=compress(pOut, &nOut, pData, nData) ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "error in compress()", -1);
+}else if( nOut<nData ){
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, pOut, nOut, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_value(context, argv[0]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pOut);
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_value(context, argv[0]);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the "sqlar_uncompress(X,SZ)" SQL function
+**
+** Parameter SZ is interpreted as an integer. If it is less than or
+** equal to zero, then this function returns a copy of X. Or, if
+** SZ is equal to the size of X when interpreted as a blob, also
+** return a copy of X. Otherwise, decompress blob X using zlib
+** utility function uncompress() and return the results (another
+** blob).
+*/
+static void sqlarUncompressFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+uLong nData;
+sqlite3_int64 sz;
+assert( argc==2 );
+sz = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
+if( sz<=0 || sz==(nData = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0])) ){
+sqlite3_result_value(context, argv[0]);
+}else{
+uLongf szf = sz;
+const Bytef *pData= sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+Bytef *pOut = sqlite3_malloc(sz);
+if( pOut==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+}else if( Z_OK!=uncompress(pOut, &szf, pData, nData) ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "error in uncompress()", -1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_blob(context, pOut, szf, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pOut);
+}
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_sqlar_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sqlar_compress", 1,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS, 0,
+sqlarCompressFunc, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "sqlar_uncompress", 2,
+SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS, 0,
+sqlarUncompressFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/sqlar.c ********************/
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+/************************* Begin ../ext/expert/sqlite3expert.h ******************/
+/*
+** 2017 April 07
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+*/
+#if !defined(SQLITEEXPERT_H)
+#define SQLITEEXPERT_H 1
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+typedef struct sqlite3expert sqlite3expert;
+/*
+** Create a new sqlite3expert object.
+**
+** If successful, a pointer to the new object is returned and (*pzErr) set
+** to NULL. Or, if an error occurs, NULL is returned and (*pzErr) set to
+** an English-language error message. In this case it is the responsibility
+** of the caller to eventually free the error message buffer using
+** sqlite3_free().
+*/
+sqlite3expert *sqlite3_expert_new(sqlite3 *db, char **pzErr);
+/*
+** Configure an sqlite3expert object.
+**
+** EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE:
+**   By default, sqlite3_expert_analyze() generates sqlite_stat1 data for
+**   each candidate index. This involves scanning and sorting the entire
+**   contents of each user database table once for each candidate index
+**   associated with the table. For large databases, this can be
+**   prohibitively slow. This option allows the sqlite3expert object to
+**   be configured so that sqlite_stat1 data is instead generated based on a
+**   subset of each table, or so that no sqlite_stat1 data is used at all.
+**
+**   A single integer argument is passed to this option. If the value is less
+**   than or equal to zero, then no sqlite_stat1 data is generated or used by
+**   the analysis - indexes are recommended based on the database schema only.
+**   Or, if the value is 100 or greater, complete sqlite_stat1 data is
+**   generated for each candidate index (this is the default). Finally, if the
+**   value falls between 0 and 100, then it represents the percentage of user
+**   table rows that should be considered when generating sqlite_stat1 data.
+**
+**   Examples:
+**
+**     // Do not generate any sqlite_stat1 data
+**     sqlite3_expert_config(pExpert, EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE, 0);
+**
+**     // Generate sqlite_stat1 data based on 10% of the rows in each table.
+**     sqlite3_expert_config(pExpert, EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE, 10);
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_config(sqlite3expert *p, int op, ...);
+#define EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE 1    /* int */
+/*
+** Specify zero or more SQL statements to be included in the analysis.
+**
+** Buffer zSql must contain zero or more complete SQL statements. This
+** function parses all statements contained in the buffer and adds them
+** to the internal list of statements to analyze. If successful, SQLITE_OK
+** is returned and (*pzErr) set to NULL. Or, if an error occurs - for example
+** due to a error in the SQL - an SQLite error code is returned and (*pzErr)
+** may be set to point to an English language error message. In this case
+** the caller is responsible for eventually freeing the error message buffer
+** using sqlite3_free().
+**
+** If an error does occur while processing one of the statements in the
+** buffer passed as the second argument, none of the statements in the
+** buffer are added to the analysis.
+**
+** This function must be called before sqlite3_expert_analyze(). If a call
+** to this function is made on an sqlite3expert object that has already
+** been passed to sqlite3_expert_analyze() SQLITE_MISUSE is returned
+** immediately and no statements are added to the analysis.
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_sql(
+sqlite3expert *p,               /* From a successful sqlite3_expert_new() */
+const char *zSql,               /* SQL statement(s) to add */
+char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message (if any) */
+);
+/*
+** This function is called after the sqlite3expert object has been configured
+** with all SQL statements using sqlite3_expert_sql() to actually perform
+** the analysis. Once this function has been called, it is not possible to
+** add further SQL statements to the analysis.
+**
+** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned and (*pzErr) is set to NULL. Or, if
+** an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and (*pzErr) set to
+** point to a buffer containing an English language error message. In this
+** case it is the responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer
+** using sqlite3_free().
+**
+** If an error does occur within this function, the sqlite3expert object
+** is no longer useful for any purpose. At that point it is no longer
+** possible to add further SQL statements to the object or to re-attempt
+** the analysis. The sqlite3expert object must still be freed using a call
+** sqlite3_expert_destroy().
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_analyze(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErr);
+/*
+** Return the total number of statements loaded using sqlite3_expert_sql().
+** The total number of SQL statements may be different from the total number
+** to calls to sqlite3_expert_sql().
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_count(sqlite3expert*);
+/*
+** Return a component of the report.
+**
+** This function is called after sqlite3_expert_analyze() to extract the
+** results of the analysis. Each call to this function returns either a
+** NULL pointer or a pointer to a buffer containing a nul-terminated string.
+** The value passed as the third argument must be one of the EXPERT_REPORT_*
+** #define constants defined below.
+**
+** For some EXPERT_REPORT_* parameters, the buffer returned contains
+** information relating to a specific SQL statement. In these cases that
+** SQL statement is identified by the value passed as the second argument.
+** SQL statements are numbered from 0 in the order in which they are parsed.
+** If an out-of-range value (less than zero or equal to or greater than the
+** value returned by sqlite3_expert_count()) is passed as the second argument
+** along with such an EXPERT_REPORT_* parameter, NULL is always returned.
+**
+** EXPERT_REPORT_SQL:
+**   Return the text of SQL statement iStmt.
+**
+** EXPERT_REPORT_INDEXES:
+**   Return a buffer containing the CREATE INDEX statements for all recommended
+**   indexes for statement iStmt. If there are no new recommeded indexes, NULL
+**   is returned.
+**
+** EXPERT_REPORT_PLAN:
+**   Return a buffer containing the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output for SQL query
+**   iStmt after the proposed indexes have been added to the database schema.
+**
+** EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES:
+**   Return a pointer to a buffer containing the CREATE INDEX statements
+**   for all indexes that were tested (for all SQL statements). The iStmt
+**   parameter is ignored for EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES calls.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_expert_report(sqlite3expert*, int iStmt, int eReport);
+/*
+** Values for the third argument passed to sqlite3_expert_report().
+*/
+#define EXPERT_REPORT_SQL        1
+#define EXPERT_REPORT_INDEXES    2
+#define EXPERT_REPORT_PLAN       3
+#define EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES 4
+/*
+** Free an (sqlite3expert*) handle and all associated resources. There
+** should be one call to this function for each successful call to
+** sqlite3-expert_new().
+*/
+void sqlite3_expert_destroy(sqlite3expert*);
+#endif  /* !defined(SQLITEEXPERT_H) */
+/************************* End ../ext/expert/sqlite3expert.h ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2017 April 09
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3expert.h" */
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#if !defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION)
+#if defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_MUTATION_TEST)
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_AUXILIARY_SAFETY_CHECKS 1
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUXILIARY_SAFETY_CHECKS)
+# define ALWAYS(X)      (1)
+# define NEVER(X)       (0)
+#elif !defined(NDEBUG)
+# define ALWAYS(X)      ((X)?1:(assert(0),0))
+# define NEVER(X)       ((X)?(assert(0),1):0)
+#else
+# define ALWAYS(X)      (X)
+# define NEVER(X)       (X)
+#endif
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION) */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/* typedef sqlite3_int64 i64; */
+/* typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64; */
+typedef struct IdxColumn IdxColumn;
+typedef struct IdxConstraint IdxConstraint;
+typedef struct IdxScan IdxScan;
+typedef struct IdxStatement IdxStatement;
+typedef struct IdxTable IdxTable;
+typedef struct IdxWrite IdxWrite;
+#define STRLEN  (int)strlen
+/*
+** A temp table name that we assume no user database will actually use.
+** If this assumption proves incorrect triggers on the table with the
+** conflicting name will be ignored.
+*/
+#define UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME "t592690916721053953805701627921227776"
+/*
+** A single constraint. Equivalent to either "col = ?" or "col < ?" (or
+** any other type of single-ended range constraint on a column).
+**
+** pLink:
+**   Used to temporarily link IdxConstraint objects into lists while
+**   creating candidate indexes.
+*/
+struct IdxConstraint {
+char *zColl;                    /* Collation sequence */
+int bRange;                     /* True for range, false for eq */
+int iCol;                       /* Constrained table column */
+int bFlag;                      /* Used by idxFindCompatible() */
+int bDesc;                      /* True if ORDER BY <expr> DESC */
+IdxConstraint *pNext;           /* Next constraint in pEq or pRange list */
+IdxConstraint *pLink;           /* See above */
+};
+/*
+** A single scan of a single table.
+*/
+struct IdxScan {
+IdxTable *pTab;                 /* Associated table object */
+int iDb;                        /* Database containing table zTable */
+i64 covering;                   /* Mask of columns required for cov. index */
+IdxConstraint *pOrder;          /* ORDER BY columns */
+IdxConstraint *pEq;             /* List of == constraints */
+IdxConstraint *pRange;          /* List of < constraints */
+IdxScan *pNextScan;             /* Next IdxScan object for same analysis */
+};
+/*
+** Information regarding a single database table. Extracted from
+** "PRAGMA table_info" by function idxGetTableInfo().
+*/
+struct IdxColumn {
+char *zName;
+char *zColl;
+int iPk;
+};
+struct IdxTable {
+int nCol;
+char *zName;                    /* Table name */
+IdxColumn *aCol;
+IdxTable *pNext;                /* Next table in linked list of all tables */
+};
+/*
+** An object of the following type is created for each unique table/write-op
+** seen. The objects are stored in a singly-linked list beginning at
+** sqlite3expert.pWrite.
+*/
+struct IdxWrite {
+IdxTable *pTab;
+int eOp;                        /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
+IdxWrite *pNext;
+};
+/*
+** Each statement being analyzed is represented by an instance of this
+** structure.
+*/
+struct IdxStatement {
+int iId;                        /* Statement number */
+char *zSql;                     /* SQL statement */
+char *zIdx;                     /* Indexes */
+char *zEQP;                     /* Plan */
+IdxStatement *pNext;
+};
+/*
+** A hash table for storing strings. With space for a payload string
+** with each entry. Methods are:
+**
+**   idxHashInit()
+**   idxHashClear()
+**   idxHashAdd()
+**   idxHashSearch()
+*/
+#define IDX_HASH_SIZE 1023
+typedef struct IdxHashEntry IdxHashEntry;
+typedef struct IdxHash IdxHash;
+struct IdxHashEntry {
+char *zKey;                     /* nul-terminated key */
+char *zVal;                     /* nul-terminated value string */
+char *zVal2;                    /* nul-terminated value string 2 */
+IdxHashEntry *pHashNext;        /* Next entry in same hash bucket */
+IdxHashEntry *pNext;            /* Next entry in hash */
+};
+struct IdxHash {
+IdxHashEntry *pFirst;
+IdxHashEntry *aHash[IDX_HASH_SIZE];
+};
+/*
+** sqlite3expert object.
+*/
+struct sqlite3expert {
+int iSample;                    /* Percentage of tables to sample for stat1 */
+sqlite3 *db;                    /* User database */
+sqlite3 *dbm;                   /* In-memory db for this analysis */
+sqlite3 *dbv;                   /* Vtab schema for this analysis */
+IdxTable *pTable;               /* List of all IdxTable objects */
+IdxScan *pScan;                 /* List of scan objects */
+IdxWrite *pWrite;               /* List of write objects */
+IdxStatement *pStatement;       /* List of IdxStatement objects */
+int bRun;                       /* True once analysis has run */
+char **pzErrmsg;
+int rc;                         /* Error code from whereinfo hook */
+IdxHash hIdx;                   /* Hash containing all candidate indexes */
+char *zCandidates;              /* For EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES */
+};
+/*
+** Allocate and return nByte bytes of zeroed memory using sqlite3_malloc().
+** If the allocation fails, set *pRc to SQLITE_NOMEM and return NULL.
+*/
+static void *idxMalloc(int *pRc, i64 nByte){
+void *pRet;
+assert( *pRc==SQLITE_OK );
+assert( nByte>0 );
+pRet = sqlite3_malloc64(nByte);
+if( pRet ){
+memset(pRet, 0, nByte);
+}else{
+*pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Initialize an IdxHash hash table.
+*/
+static void idxHashInit(IdxHash *pHash){
+memset(pHash, 0, sizeof(IdxHash));
+}
+/*
+** Reset an IdxHash hash table.
+*/
+static void idxHashClear(IdxHash *pHash){
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<IDX_HASH_SIZE; i++){
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+IdxHashEntry *pNext;
+for(pEntry=pHash->aHash[i]; pEntry; pEntry=pNext){
+pNext = pEntry->pHashNext;
+sqlite3_free(pEntry->zVal2);
+sqlite3_free(pEntry);
+}
+}
+memset(pHash, 0, sizeof(IdxHash));
+}
+/*
+** Return the index of the hash bucket that the string specified by the
+** arguments to this function belongs.
+*/
+static int idxHashString(const char *z, int n){
+unsigned int ret = 0;
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ret += (ret<<3) + (unsigned char)(z[i]);
+}
+return (int)(ret % IDX_HASH_SIZE);
+}
+/*
+** If zKey is already present in the hash table, return non-zero and do
+** nothing. Otherwise, add an entry with key zKey and payload string zVal to
+** the hash table passed as the second argument.
+*/
+static int idxHashAdd(
+int *pRc,
+IdxHash *pHash,
+const char *zKey,
+const char *zVal
+){
+int nKey = STRLEN(zKey);
+int iHash = idxHashString(zKey, nKey);
+int nVal = (zVal ? STRLEN(zVal) : 0);
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+assert( iHash>=0 );
+for(pEntry=pHash->aHash[iHash]; pEntry; pEntry=pEntry->pHashNext){
+if( STRLEN(pEntry->zKey)==nKey && 0==memcmp(pEntry->zKey, zKey, nKey) ){
+return 1;
+}
+}
+pEntry = idxMalloc(pRc, sizeof(IdxHashEntry) + (i64)nKey+1 + (i64)nVal+1);
+if( pEntry ){
+pEntry->zKey = (char*)&pEntry[1];
+memcpy(pEntry->zKey, zKey, nKey);
+if( zVal ){
+pEntry->zVal = &pEntry->zKey[nKey+1];
+memcpy(pEntry->zVal, zVal, nVal);
+}
+pEntry->pHashNext = pHash->aHash[iHash];
+pHash->aHash[iHash] = pEntry;
+pEntry->pNext = pHash->pFirst;
+pHash->pFirst = pEntry;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** If zKey/nKey is present in the hash table, return a pointer to the
+** hash-entry object.
+*/
+static IdxHashEntry *idxHashFind(IdxHash *pHash, const char *zKey, int nKey){
+int iHash;
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+if( nKey<0 ) nKey = STRLEN(zKey);
+iHash = idxHashString(zKey, nKey);
+assert( iHash>=0 );
+for(pEntry=pHash->aHash[iHash]; pEntry; pEntry=pEntry->pHashNext){
+if( STRLEN(pEntry->zKey)==nKey && 0==memcmp(pEntry->zKey, zKey, nKey) ){
+return pEntry;
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** If the hash table contains an entry with a key equal to the string
+** passed as the final two arguments to this function, return a pointer
+** to the payload string. Otherwise, if zKey/nKey is not present in the
+** hash table, return NULL.
+*/
+static const char *idxHashSearch(IdxHash *pHash, const char *zKey, int nKey){
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry = idxHashFind(pHash, zKey, nKey);
+if( pEntry ) return pEntry->zVal;
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Allocate and return a new IdxConstraint object. Set the IdxConstraint.zColl
+** variable to point to a copy of nul-terminated string zColl.
+*/
+static IdxConstraint *idxNewConstraint(int *pRc, const char *zColl){
+IdxConstraint *pNew;
+int nColl = STRLEN(zColl);
+assert( *pRc==SQLITE_OK );
+pNew = (IdxConstraint*)idxMalloc(pRc, sizeof(IdxConstraint) * nColl + 1);
+if( pNew ){
+pNew->zColl = (char*)&pNew[1];
+memcpy(pNew->zColl, zColl, nColl+1);
+}
+return pNew;
+}
+/*
+** An error associated with database handle db has just occurred. Pass
+** the error message to callback function xOut.
+*/
+static void idxDatabaseError(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
+char **pzErrmsg                 /* Write error here */
+){
+*pzErrmsg = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+/*
+** Prepare an SQL statement.
+*/
+static int idxPrepareStmt(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle to compile against */
+sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,          /* OUT: Compiled SQL statement */
+char **pzErrmsg,                /* OUT: sqlite3_malloc()ed error message */
+const char *zSql                /* SQL statement to compile */
+){
+int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, ppStmt, 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+*ppStmt = 0;
+idxDatabaseError(db, pzErrmsg);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Prepare an SQL statement using the results of a printf() formatting.
+*/
+static int idxPrintfPrepareStmt(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle to compile against */
+sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,          /* OUT: Compiled SQL statement */
+char **pzErrmsg,                /* OUT: sqlite3_malloc()ed error message */
+const char *zFmt,               /* printf() format of SQL statement */
+...                             /* Trailing printf() arguments */
+){
+va_list ap;
+int rc;
+char *zSql;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+zSql = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+if( zSql==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(db, ppStmt, pzErrmsg, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+va_end(ap);
+return rc;
+}
+/*************************************************************************
+** Beginning of virtual table implementation.
+*/
+typedef struct ExpertVtab ExpertVtab;
+struct ExpertVtab {
+sqlite3_vtab base;
+IdxTable *pTab;
+sqlite3expert *pExpert;
+};
+typedef struct ExpertCsr ExpertCsr;
+struct ExpertCsr {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;
+sqlite3_stmt *pData;
+};
+static char *expertDequote(const char *zIn){
+i64 n = STRLEN(zIn);
+char *zRet = sqlite3_malloc64(n);
+assert( zIn[0]=='\'' );
+assert( zIn[n-1]=='\'' );
+if( zRet ){
+i64 iOut = 0;
+i64 iIn = 0;
+for(iIn=1; iIn<(n-1); iIn++){
+if( zIn[iIn]=='\'' ){
+assert( zIn[iIn+1]=='\'' );
+iIn++;
+}
+zRet[iOut++] = zIn[iIn];
+}
+zRet[iOut] = '\0';
+}
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** This function is the implementation of both the xConnect and xCreate
+** methods of the r-tree virtual table.
+**
+**   argv[0]   -> module name
+**   argv[1]   -> database name
+**   argv[2]   -> table name
+**   argv[...] -> column names...
+*/
+static int expertConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pAux,
+int argc, const char *const*argv,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErr
+){
+sqlite3expert *pExpert = (sqlite3expert*)pAux;
+ExpertVtab *p = 0;
+int rc;
+if( argc!=4 ){
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("internal error!");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+char *zCreateTable = expertDequote(argv[3]);
+if( zCreateTable ){
+rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, zCreateTable);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+p = idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(ExpertVtab));
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+p->pExpert = pExpert;
+p->pTab = pExpert->pTable;
+assert( sqlite3_stricmp(p->pTab->zName, argv[2])==0 );
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCreateTable);
+}else{
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+}
+*ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)p;
+return rc;
+}
+static int expertDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+ExpertVtab *p = (ExpertVtab*)pVtab;
+sqlite3_free(p);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+static int expertBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo){
+ExpertVtab *p = (ExpertVtab*)pVtab;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+int n = 0;
+IdxScan *pScan;
+const int opmask =
+SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT |
+SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE |
+SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE;
+pScan = idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(IdxScan));
+if( pScan ){
+int i;
+/* Link the new scan object into the list */
+pScan->pTab = p->pTab;
+pScan->pNextScan = p->pExpert->pScan;
+p->pExpert->pScan = pScan;
+/* Add the constraints to the IdxScan object */
+for(i=0; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++){
+struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pCons = &pIdxInfo->aConstraint[i];
+if( pCons->usable
+&& pCons->iColumn>=0
+&& p->pTab->aCol[pCons->iColumn].iPk==0
+&& (pCons->op & opmask)
+){
+IdxConstraint *pNew;
+const char *zColl = sqlite3_vtab_collation(pIdxInfo, i);
+pNew = idxNewConstraint(&rc, zColl);
+if( pNew ){
+pNew->iCol = pCons->iColumn;
+if( pCons->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+pNew->pNext = pScan->pEq;
+pScan->pEq = pNew;
+}else{
+pNew->bRange = 1;
+pNew->pNext = pScan->pRange;
+pScan->pRange = pNew;
+}
+}
+n++;
+pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = n;
+}
+}
+/* Add the ORDER BY to the IdxScan object */
+for(i=pIdxInfo->nOrderBy-1; i>=0; i--){
+int iCol = pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[i].iColumn;
+if( iCol>=0 ){
+IdxConstraint *pNew = idxNewConstraint(&rc, p->pTab->aCol[iCol].zColl);
+if( pNew ){
+pNew->iCol = iCol;
+pNew->bDesc = pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[i].desc;
+pNew->pNext = pScan->pOrder;
+pNew->pLink = pScan->pOrder;
+pScan->pOrder = pNew;
+n++;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = 1000000.0 / (n+1);
+return rc;
+}
+static int expertUpdate(
+sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,
+int nData,
+sqlite3_value **azData,
+sqlite_int64 *pRowid
+){
+(void)pVtab;
+(void)nData;
+(void)azData;
+(void)pRowid;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xOpen method.
+*/
+static int expertOpen(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+ExpertCsr *pCsr;
+(void)pVTab;
+pCsr = idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(ExpertCsr));
+*ppCursor = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor*)pCsr;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xClose method.
+*/
+static int expertClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ExpertCsr *pCsr = (ExpertCsr*)cur;
+sqlite3_finalize(pCsr->pData);
+sqlite3_free(pCsr);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xEof method.
+**
+** Return non-zero if the cursor does not currently point to a valid
+** record (i.e if the scan has finished), or zero otherwise.
+*/
+static int expertEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ExpertCsr *pCsr = (ExpertCsr*)cur;
+return pCsr->pData==0;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xNext method.
+*/
+static int expertNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+ExpertCsr *pCsr = (ExpertCsr*)cur;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+assert( pCsr->pData );
+rc = sqlite3_step(pCsr->pData);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_ROW ){
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pCsr->pData);
+pCsr->pData = 0;
+}else{
+rc = SQLITE_OK;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xRowid method.
+*/
+static int expertRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
+(void)cur;
+*pRowid = 0;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xColumn method.
+*/
+static int expertColumn(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite3_context *ctx, int i){
+ExpertCsr *pCsr = (ExpertCsr*)cur;
+sqlite3_value *pVal;
+pVal = sqlite3_column_value(pCsr->pData, i);
+if( pVal ){
+sqlite3_result_value(ctx, pVal);
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Virtual table module xFilter method.
+*/
+static int expertFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+ExpertCsr *pCsr = (ExpertCsr*)cur;
+ExpertVtab *pVtab = (ExpertVtab*)(cur->pVtab);
+sqlite3expert *pExpert = pVtab->pExpert;
+int rc;
+(void)idxNum;
+(void)idxStr;
+(void)argc;
+(void)argv;
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pCsr->pData);
+pCsr->pData = 0;
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(pExpert->db, &pCsr->pData, &pVtab->base.zErrMsg,
+"SELECT * FROM main.%Q WHERE sqlite_expert_sample()", pVtab->pTab->zName
+);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = expertNext(cur);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxRegisterVtab(sqlite3expert *p){
+static sqlite3_module expertModule = {
+2,                            /* iVersion */
+expertConnect,                /* xCreate - create a table */
+expertConnect,                /* xConnect - connect to an existing table */
+expertBestIndex,              /* xBestIndex - Determine search strategy */
+expertDisconnect,             /* xDisconnect - Disconnect from a table */
+expertDisconnect,             /* xDestroy - Drop a table */
+expertOpen,                   /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+expertClose,                  /* xClose - close a cursor */
+expertFilter,                 /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+expertNext,                   /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+expertEof,                    /* xEof */
+expertColumn,                 /* xColumn - read data */
+expertRowid,                  /* xRowid - read data */
+expertUpdate,                 /* xUpdate - write data */
+0,                            /* xBegin - begin transaction */
+0,                            /* xSync - sync transaction */
+0,                            /* xCommit - commit transaction */
+0,                            /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
+0,                            /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
+0,                            /* xRename - rename the table */
+0,                            /* xSavepoint */
+0,                            /* xRelease */
+0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
+0,                            /* xShadowName */
+0,                            /* xIntegrity */
+};
+return sqlite3_create_module(p->dbv, "expert", &expertModule, (void*)p);
+}
+/*
+** End of virtual table implementation.
+*************************************************************************/
+/*
+** Finalize SQL statement pStmt. If (*pRc) is SQLITE_OK when this function
+** is called, set it to the return value of sqlite3_finalize() before
+** returning. Otherwise, discard the sqlite3_finalize() return value.
+*/
+static void idxFinalize(int *pRc, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+int rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ) *pRc = rc;
+}
+/*
+** Attempt to allocate an IdxTable structure corresponding to table zTab
+** in the main database of connection db. If successful, set (*ppOut) to
+** point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, return an
+** SQLite error code and set (*ppOut) to NULL. In this case *pzErrmsg may be
+** set to point to an error string.
+**
+** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually free either the
+** IdxTable object or error message using sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static int idxGetTableInfo(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database connection to read details from */
+const char *zTab,               /* Table name */
+IdxTable **ppOut,               /* OUT: New object (if successful) */
+char **pzErrmsg                 /* OUT: Error message (if not) */
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *p1 = 0;
+int nCol = 0;
+int nTab;
+i64 nByte;
+IdxTable *pNew = 0;
+int rc, rc2;
+char *pCsr = 0;
+int nPk = 0;
+*ppOut = 0;
+if( zTab==0 ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
+nTab = STRLEN(zTab);
+nByte = sizeof(IdxTable) + nTab + 1;
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(db, &p1, pzErrmsg, "PRAGMA table_xinfo=%Q", zTab);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(p1) ){
+const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(p1, 1);
+const char *zColSeq = 0;
+if( zCol==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+break;
+}
+nByte += 1 + STRLEN(zCol);
+rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+db, "main", zTab, zCol, 0, &zColSeq, 0, 0, 0
+);
+if( zColSeq==0 ) zColSeq = "binary";
+nByte += 1 + STRLEN(zColSeq);
+nCol++;
+nPk += (sqlite3_column_int(p1, 5)>0);
+}
+rc2 = sqlite3_reset(p1);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
+nByte += sizeof(IdxColumn) * nCol;
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew = idxMalloc(&rc, nByte);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew->aCol = (IdxColumn*)&pNew[1];
+pNew->nCol = nCol;
+pCsr = (char*)&pNew->aCol[nCol];
+}
+nCol = 0;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(p1) ){
+const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(p1, 1);
+const char *zColSeq = 0;
+int nCopy;
+if( zCol==0 ) continue;
+nCopy = STRLEN(zCol) + 1;
+pNew->aCol[nCol].zName = pCsr;
+pNew->aCol[nCol].iPk = (sqlite3_column_int(p1, 5)==1 && nPk==1);
+memcpy(pCsr, zCol, nCopy);
+pCsr += nCopy;
+rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+db, "main", zTab, zCol, 0, &zColSeq, 0, 0, 0
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( zColSeq==0 ) zColSeq = "binary";
+nCopy = STRLEN(zColSeq) + 1;
+pNew->aCol[nCol].zColl = pCsr;
+memcpy(pCsr, zColSeq, nCopy);
+pCsr += nCopy;
+}
+nCol++;
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, p1);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_free(pNew);
+pNew = 0;
+}else if( ALWAYS(pNew!=0) ){
+pNew->zName = pCsr;
+if( ALWAYS(pNew->zName!=0) ) memcpy(pNew->zName, zTab, nTab+1);
+}
+*ppOut = pNew;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if *pRc is set to anything other than
+** SQLITE_OK when it is called.
+**
+** If *pRc is initially set to SQLITE_OK, then the text specified by
+** the printf() style arguments is appended to zIn and the result returned
+** in a buffer allocated by sqlite3_malloc(). sqlite3_free() is called on
+** zIn before returning.
+*/
+static char *idxAppendText(int *pRc, char *zIn, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+char *zAppend = 0;
+char *zRet = 0;
+i64 nIn = zIn ? STRLEN(zIn) : 0;
+i64 nAppend = 0;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zAppend = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+if( zAppend ){
+nAppend = STRLEN(zAppend);
+zRet = (char*)sqlite3_malloc64(nIn + nAppend + 1);
+}
+if( zAppend && zRet ){
+if( nIn ) memcpy(zRet, zIn, nIn);
+memcpy(&zRet[nIn], zAppend, nAppend+1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(zRet);
+zRet = 0;
+*pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zAppend);
+sqlite3_free(zIn);
+}
+va_end(ap);
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if zId must be quoted in order to use it as an SQL
+** identifier, or false otherwise.
+*/
+static int idxIdentifierRequiresQuotes(const char *zId){
+int i;
+int nId = STRLEN(zId);
+if( sqlite3_keyword_check(zId, nId) ) return 1;
+for(i=0; zId[i]; i++){
+if( !(zId[i]=='_')
+&& !(zId[i]>='0' && zId[i]<='9')
+&& !(zId[i]>='a' && zId[i]<='z')
+&& !(zId[i]>='A' && zId[i]<='Z')
+){
+return 1;
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** This function appends an index column definition suitable for constraint
+** pCons to the string passed as zIn and returns the result.
+*/
+static char *idxAppendColDefn(
+int *pRc,                       /* IN/OUT: Error code */
+char *zIn,                      /* Column defn accumulated so far */
+IdxTable *pTab,                 /* Table index will be created on */
+IdxConstraint *pCons
+){
+char *zRet = zIn;
+IdxColumn *p = &pTab->aCol[pCons->iCol];
+if( zRet ) zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, ", ");
+if( idxIdentifierRequiresQuotes(p->zName) ){
+zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, "%Q", p->zName);
+}else{
+zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, "%s", p->zName);
+}
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(p->zColl, pCons->zColl) ){
+if( idxIdentifierRequiresQuotes(pCons->zColl) ){
+zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, " COLLATE %Q", pCons->zColl);
+}else{
+zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, " COLLATE %s", pCons->zColl);
+}
+}
+if( pCons->bDesc ){
+zRet = idxAppendText(pRc, zRet, " DESC");
+}
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** Search database dbm for an index compatible with the one idxCreateFromCons()
+** would create from arguments pScan, pEq and pTail. If no error occurs and
+** such an index is found, return non-zero. Or, if no such index is found,
+** return zero.
+**
+** If an error occurs, set *pRc to an SQLite error code and return zero.
+*/
+static int idxFindCompatible(
+int *pRc,                       /* OUT: Error code */
+sqlite3* dbm,                   /* Database to search */
+IdxScan *pScan,                 /* Scan for table to search for index on */
+IdxConstraint *pEq,             /* List of == constraints */
+IdxConstraint *pTail            /* List of range constraints */
+){
+const char *zTbl = pScan->pTab->zName;
+sqlite3_stmt *pIdxList = 0;
+IdxConstraint *pIter;
+int nEq = 0;                    /* Number of elements in pEq */
+int rc;
+/* Count the elements in list pEq */
+for(pIter=pEq; pIter; pIter=pIter->pLink) nEq++;
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(dbm, &pIdxList, 0, "PRAGMA index_list=%Q", zTbl);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pIdxList)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+int bMatch = 1;
+IdxConstraint *pT = pTail;
+sqlite3_stmt *pInfo = 0;
+const char *zIdx = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pIdxList, 1);
+if( zIdx==0 ) continue;
+/* Zero the IdxConstraint.bFlag values in the pEq list */
+for(pIter=pEq; pIter; pIter=pIter->pLink) pIter->bFlag = 0;
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(dbm, &pInfo, 0, "PRAGMA index_xInfo=%Q", zIdx);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pInfo)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+int iIdx = sqlite3_column_int(pInfo, 0);
+int iCol = sqlite3_column_int(pInfo, 1);
+const char *zColl = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pInfo, 4);
+if( iIdx<nEq ){
+for(pIter=pEq; pIter; pIter=pIter->pLink){
+if( pIter->bFlag ) continue;
+if( pIter->iCol!=iCol ) continue;
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(pIter->zColl, zColl) ) continue;
+pIter->bFlag = 1;
+break;
+}
+if( pIter==0 ){
+bMatch = 0;
+break;
+}
+}else{
+if( pT ){
+if( pT->iCol!=iCol || sqlite3_stricmp(pT->zColl, zColl) ){
+bMatch = 0;
+break;
+}
+pT = pT->pLink;
+}
+}
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pInfo);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bMatch ){
+sqlite3_finalize(pIdxList);
+return 1;
+}
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pIdxList);
+*pRc = rc;
+return 0;
+}
+/* Callback for sqlite3_exec() with query with leading count(*) column.
+* The first argument is expected to be an int*, referent to be incremented
+* if that leading column is not exactly '0'.
+*/
+static int countNonzeros(void* pCount, int nc,
+char* azResults[], char* azColumns[]){
+(void)azColumns;  /* Suppress unused parameter warning */
+if( nc>0 && (azResults[0][0]!='0' || azResults[0][1]!=0) ){
+*((int *)pCount) += 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+static int idxCreateFromCons(
+sqlite3expert *p,
+IdxScan *pScan,
+IdxConstraint *pEq,
+IdxConstraint *pTail
+){
+sqlite3 *dbm = p->dbm;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( (pEq || pTail) && 0==idxFindCompatible(&rc, dbm, pScan, pEq, pTail) ){
+IdxTable *pTab = pScan->pTab;
+char *zCols = 0;
+char *zIdx = 0;
+IdxConstraint *pCons;
+unsigned int h = 0;
+const char *zFmt;
+for(pCons=pEq; pCons; pCons=pCons->pLink){
+zCols = idxAppendColDefn(&rc, zCols, pTab, pCons);
+}
+for(pCons=pTail; pCons; pCons=pCons->pLink){
+zCols = idxAppendColDefn(&rc, zCols, pTab, pCons);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+/* Hash the list of columns to come up with a name for the index */
+const char *zTable = pScan->pTab->zName;
+int quoteTable = idxIdentifierRequiresQuotes(zTable);
+char *zName = 0;          /* Index name */
+int collisions = 0;
+do{
+int i;
+char *zFind;
+for(i=0; zCols[i]; i++){
+h += ((h<<3) + zCols[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zName);
+zName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s_idx_%08x", zTable, h);
+if( zName==0 ) break;
+/* Is is unique among table, view and index names? */
+zFmt = "SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name=%Q"
+" AND type in ('index','table','view')";
+zFind = sqlite3_mprintf(zFmt, zName);
+i = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(dbm, zFind, countNonzeros, &i, 0);
+assert(rc==SQLITE_OK);
+sqlite3_free(zFind);
+if( i==0 ){
+collisions = 0;
+break;
+}
+++collisions;
+}while( collisions<50 && zName!=0 );
+if( collisions ){
+/* This return means "Gave up trying to find a unique index name." */
+rc = SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT;
+}else if( zName==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+if( quoteTable ){
+zFmt = "CREATE INDEX \"%w\" ON \"%w\"(%s)";
+}else{
+zFmt = "CREATE INDEX %s ON %s(%s)";
+}
+zIdx = sqlite3_mprintf(zFmt, zName, zTable, zCols);
+if( !zIdx ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_exec(dbm, zIdx, 0, 0, p->pzErrmsg);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT;
+}else{
+idxHashAdd(&rc, &p->hIdx, zName, zIdx);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zName);
+sqlite3_free(zIdx);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCols);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if list pList (linked by IdxConstraint.pLink) contains
+** a constraint compatible with *p. Otherwise return false.
+*/
+static int idxFindConstraint(IdxConstraint *pList, IdxConstraint *p){
+IdxConstraint *pCmp;
+for(pCmp=pList; pCmp; pCmp=pCmp->pLink){
+if( p->iCol==pCmp->iCol ) return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+static int idxCreateFromWhere(
+sqlite3expert *p,
+IdxScan *pScan,                 /* Create indexes for this scan */
+IdxConstraint *pTail            /* range/ORDER BY constraints for inclusion */
+){
+IdxConstraint *p1 = 0;
+IdxConstraint *pCon;
+int rc;
+/* Gather up all the == constraints. */
+for(pCon=pScan->pEq; pCon; pCon=pCon->pNext){
+if( !idxFindConstraint(p1, pCon) && !idxFindConstraint(pTail, pCon) ){
+pCon->pLink = p1;
+p1 = pCon;
+}
+}
+/* Create an index using the == constraints collected above. And the
+** range constraint/ORDER BY terms passed in by the caller, if any. */
+rc = idxCreateFromCons(p, pScan, p1, pTail);
+/* If no range/ORDER BY passed by the caller, create a version of the
+** index for each range constraint.  */
+if( pTail==0 ){
+for(pCon=pScan->pRange; rc==SQLITE_OK && pCon; pCon=pCon->pNext){
+assert( pCon->pLink==0 );
+if( !idxFindConstraint(p1, pCon) && !idxFindConstraint(pTail, pCon) ){
+rc = idxCreateFromCons(p, pScan, p1, pCon);
+}
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Create candidate indexes in database [dbm] based on the data in
+** linked-list pScan.
+*/
+static int idxCreateCandidates(sqlite3expert *p){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+IdxScan *pIter;
+for(pIter=p->pScan; pIter && rc==SQLITE_OK; pIter=pIter->pNextScan){
+rc = idxCreateFromWhere(p, pIter, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pIter->pOrder ){
+rc = idxCreateFromWhere(p, pIter, pIter->pOrder);
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Free all elements of the linked list starting at pConstraint.
+*/
+static void idxConstraintFree(IdxConstraint *pConstraint){
+IdxConstraint *pNext;
+IdxConstraint *p;
+for(p=pConstraint; p; p=pNext){
+pNext = p->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Free all elements of the linked list starting from pScan up until pLast
+** (pLast is not freed).
+*/
+static void idxScanFree(IdxScan *pScan, IdxScan *pLast){
+IdxScan *p;
+IdxScan *pNext;
+for(p=pScan; p!=pLast; p=pNext){
+pNext = p->pNextScan;
+idxConstraintFree(p->pOrder);
+idxConstraintFree(p->pEq);
+idxConstraintFree(p->pRange);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Free all elements of the linked list starting from pStatement up
+** until pLast (pLast is not freed).
+*/
+static void idxStatementFree(IdxStatement *pStatement, IdxStatement *pLast){
+IdxStatement *p;
+IdxStatement *pNext;
+for(p=pStatement; p!=pLast; p=pNext){
+pNext = p->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(p->zEQP);
+sqlite3_free(p->zIdx);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Free the linked list of IdxTable objects starting at pTab.
+*/
+static void idxTableFree(IdxTable *pTab){
+IdxTable *pIter;
+IdxTable *pNext;
+for(pIter=pTab; pIter; pIter=pNext){
+pNext = pIter->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(pIter);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Free the linked list of IdxWrite objects starting at pTab.
+*/
+static void idxWriteFree(IdxWrite *pTab){
+IdxWrite *pIter;
+IdxWrite *pNext;
+for(pIter=pTab; pIter; pIter=pNext){
+pNext = pIter->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(pIter);
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function is called after candidate indexes have been created. It
+** runs all the queries to see which indexes they prefer, and populates
+** IdxStatement.zIdx and IdxStatement.zEQP with the results.
+*/
+static int idxFindIndexes(
+sqlite3expert *p,
+char **pzErr                         /* OUT: Error message (sqlite3_malloc) */
+){
+IdxStatement *pStmt;
+sqlite3 *dbm = p->dbm;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+IdxHash hIdx;
+idxHashInit(&hIdx);
+for(pStmt=p->pStatement; rc==SQLITE_OK && pStmt; pStmt=pStmt->pNext){
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+sqlite3_stmt *pExplain = 0;
+idxHashClear(&hIdx);
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(dbm, &pExplain, pzErr,
+"EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN %s", pStmt->zSql
+);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pExplain)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+/* int iId = sqlite3_column_int(pExplain, 0); */
+/* int iParent = sqlite3_column_int(pExplain, 1); */
+/* int iNotUsed = sqlite3_column_int(pExplain, 2); */
+const char *zDetail = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pExplain, 3);
+int nDetail;
+int i;
+if( !zDetail ) continue;
+nDetail = STRLEN(zDetail);
+for(i=0; i<nDetail; i++){
+const char *zIdx = 0;
+if( i+13<nDetail && memcmp(&zDetail[i], " USING INDEX ", 13)==0 ){
+zIdx = &zDetail[i+13];
+}else if( i+22<nDetail
+&& memcmp(&zDetail[i], " USING COVERING INDEX ", 22)==0
+){
+zIdx = &zDetail[i+22];
+}
+if( zIdx ){
+const char *zSql;
+int nIdx = 0;
+while( zIdx[nIdx]!='\0' && (zIdx[nIdx]!=' ' || zIdx[nIdx+1]!='(') ){
+nIdx++;
+}
+zSql = idxHashSearch(&p->hIdx, zIdx, nIdx);
+if( zSql ){
+idxHashAdd(&rc, &hIdx, zSql, 0);
+if( rc ) goto find_indexes_out;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+if( zDetail[0]!='-' ){
+pStmt->zEQP = idxAppendText(&rc, pStmt->zEQP, "%s\n", zDetail);
+}
+}
+for(pEntry=hIdx.pFirst; pEntry; pEntry=pEntry->pNext){
+pStmt->zIdx = idxAppendText(&rc, pStmt->zIdx, "%s;\n", pEntry->zKey);
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pExplain);
+}
+find_indexes_out:
+idxHashClear(&hIdx);
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxAuthCallback(
+void *pCtx,
+int eOp,
+const char *z3,
+const char *z4,
+const char *zDb,
+const char *zTrigger
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+(void)z4;
+(void)zTrigger;
+if( eOp==SQLITE_INSERT || eOp==SQLITE_UPDATE || eOp==SQLITE_DELETE ){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zDb, "main")==0 ){
+sqlite3expert *p = (sqlite3expert*)pCtx;
+IdxTable *pTab;
+for(pTab=p->pTable; pTab; pTab=pTab->pNext){
+if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(z3, pTab->zName) ) break;
+}
+if( pTab ){
+IdxWrite *pWrite;
+for(pWrite=p->pWrite; pWrite; pWrite=pWrite->pNext){
+if( pWrite->pTab==pTab && pWrite->eOp==eOp ) break;
+}
+if( pWrite==0 ){
+pWrite = idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(IdxWrite));
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pWrite->pTab = pTab;
+pWrite->eOp = eOp;
+pWrite->pNext = p->pWrite;
+p->pWrite = pWrite;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxProcessOneTrigger(
+sqlite3expert *p,
+IdxWrite *pWrite,
+char **pzErr
+){
+static const char *zInt = UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME;
+static const char *zDrop = "DROP TABLE " UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME;
+IdxTable *pTab = pWrite->pTab;
+const char *zTab = pTab->zName;
+const char *zSql =
+"SELECT 'CREATE TEMP' || substr(sql, 7) FROM sqlite_schema "
+"WHERE tbl_name = %Q AND type IN ('table', 'trigger') "
+"ORDER BY type;";
+sqlite3_stmt *pSelect = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+char *zWrite = 0;
+/* Create the table and its triggers in the temp schema */
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(p->db, &pSelect, pzErr, zSql, zTab, zTab);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSelect) ){
+const char *zCreate = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 0);
+if( zCreate==0 ) continue;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv, zCreate, 0, 0, pzErr);
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pSelect);
+/* Rename the table in the temp schema to zInt */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("ALTER TABLE temp.%Q RENAME TO %Q", zTab, zInt);
+if( z==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv, z, 0, 0, pzErr);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+}
+switch( pWrite->eOp ){
+case SQLITE_INSERT: {
+int i;
+zWrite = idxAppendText(&rc, zWrite, "INSERT INTO %Q VALUES(", zInt);
+for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
+zWrite = idxAppendText(&rc, zWrite, "%s?", i==0 ? "" : ", ");
+}
+zWrite = idxAppendText(&rc, zWrite, ")");
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_UPDATE: {
+int i;
+zWrite = idxAppendText(&rc, zWrite, "UPDATE %Q SET ", zInt);
+for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
+zWrite = idxAppendText(&rc, zWrite, "%s%Q=?", i==0 ? "" : ", ",
+pTab->aCol[i].zName
+);
+}
+break;
+}
+default: {
+assert( pWrite->eOp==SQLITE_DELETE );
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zWrite = sqlite3_mprintf("DELETE FROM %Q", zInt);
+if( zWrite==0 ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pX = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->dbv, zWrite, -1, &pX, 0);
+idxFinalize(&rc, pX);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+idxDatabaseError(p->dbv, pzErr);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zWrite);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv, zDrop, 0, 0, pzErr);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxProcessTriggers(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+IdxWrite *pEnd = 0;
+IdxWrite *pFirst = p->pWrite;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && pFirst!=pEnd ){
+IdxWrite *pIter;
+for(pIter=pFirst; rc==SQLITE_OK && pIter!=pEnd; pIter=pIter->pNext){
+rc = idxProcessOneTrigger(p, pIter, pzErr);
+}
+pEnd = pFirst;
+pFirst = p->pWrite;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This function tests if the schema of the main database of database handle
+** db contains an object named zTab. Assuming no error occurs, output parameter
+** (*pbContains) is set to true if zTab exists, or false if it does not.
+**
+** Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. The final value
+** of (*pbContains) is undefined in this case.
+*/
+static int expertDbContainsObject(
+sqlite3 *db,
+const char *zTab,
+int *pbContains                 /* OUT: True if object exists */
+){
+const char *zSql = "SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name = ?";
+sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+int ret = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pSql, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_text(pSql, 1, zTab, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
+ret = 1;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pSql);
+}
+*pbContains = ret;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Execute SQL command zSql using database handle db. If no error occurs,
+** set (*pzErr) to NULL and return SQLITE_OK.
+**
+** If an error does occur, return an SQLite error code and set (*pzErr) to
+** point to a buffer containing an English language error message. Except,
+** if the error message begins with "no such module:", then ignore the
+** error and return as if the SQL statement had succeeded.
+**
+** This is used to copy as much of the database schema as possible while
+** ignoring any errors related to missing virtual table modules.
+*/
+static int expertSchemaSql(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql, char **pzErr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+char *zErr = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && zErr ){
+int nErr = STRLEN(zErr);
+if( nErr>=15 && memcmp(zErr, "no such module:", 15)==0 ){
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+rc = SQLITE_OK;
+zErr = 0;
+}
+}
+*pzErr = zErr;
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxCreateVtabSchema(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErrmsg){
+int rc = idxRegisterVtab(p);
+sqlite3_stmt *pSchema = 0;
+/* For each table in the main db schema:
+**
+**   1) Add an entry to the p->pTable list, and
+**   2) Create the equivalent virtual table in dbv.
+*/
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->db, &pSchema, pzErrmsg,
+"SELECT type, name, sql, 1, "
+"       substr(sql,1,14)=='create virtual' COLLATE nocase "
+"FROM sqlite_schema "
+"WHERE type IN ('table','view') AND "
+"      substr(name,1,7)!='sqlite_' COLLATE nocase "
+" UNION ALL "
+"SELECT type, name, sql, 2, 0 FROM sqlite_schema "
+"WHERE type = 'trigger'"
+"  AND tbl_name IN(SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema WHERE type = 'view') "
+"ORDER BY 4, 5 DESC, 1"
+);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSchema) ){
+const char *zType = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSchema, 0);
+const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSchema, 1);
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSchema, 2);
+int bVirtual = sqlite3_column_int(pSchema, 4);
+int bExists = 0;
+if( zType==0 || zName==0 ) continue;
+rc = expertDbContainsObject(p->dbv, zName, &bExists);
+if( rc || bExists ) continue;
+if( zType[0]=='v' || zType[1]=='r' || bVirtual ){
+/* A view. Or a trigger on a view. */
+if( zSql ) rc = expertSchemaSql(p->dbv, zSql, pzErrmsg);
+}else{
+IdxTable *pTab;
+rc = idxGetTableInfo(p->db, zName, &pTab, pzErrmsg);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && ALWAYS(pTab!=0) ){
+int i;
+char *zInner = 0;
+char *zOuter = 0;
+pTab->pNext = p->pTable;
+p->pTable = pTab;
+/* The statement the vtab will pass to sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
+zInner = idxAppendText(&rc, 0, "CREATE TABLE x(");
+for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
+zInner = idxAppendText(&rc, zInner, "%s%Q COLLATE %s",
+(i==0 ? "" : ", "), pTab->aCol[i].zName, pTab->aCol[i].zColl
+);
+}
+zInner = idxAppendText(&rc, zInner, ")");
+/* The CVT statement to create the vtab */
+zOuter = idxAppendText(&rc, 0,
+"CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE %Q USING expert(%Q)", zName, zInner
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv, zOuter, 0, 0, pzErrmsg);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zInner);
+sqlite3_free(zOuter);
+}
+}
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pSchema);
+return rc;
+}
+struct IdxSampleCtx {
+int iTarget;
+double target;                  /* Target nRet/nRow value */
+double nRow;                    /* Number of rows seen */
+double nRet;                    /* Number of rows returned */
+};
+static void idxSampleFunc(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+struct IdxSampleCtx *p = (struct IdxSampleCtx*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+int bRet;
+(void)argv;
+assert( argc==0 );
+if( p->nRow==0.0 ){
+bRet = 1;
+}else{
+bRet = (p->nRet / p->nRow) <= p->target;
+if( bRet==0 ){
+unsigned short rnd;
+sqlite3_randomness(2, (void*)&rnd);
+bRet = ((int)rnd % 100) <= p->iTarget;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, bRet);
+p->nRow += 1.0;
+p->nRet += (double)bRet;
+}
+struct IdxRemCtx {
+int nSlot;
+struct IdxRemSlot {
+int eType;                    /* SQLITE_NULL, INTEGER, REAL, TEXT, BLOB */
+i64 iVal;                     /* SQLITE_INTEGER value */
+double rVal;                  /* SQLITE_FLOAT value */
+i64 nByte;                    /* Bytes of space allocated at z */
+i64 n;                        /* Size of buffer z */
+char *z;                      /* SQLITE_TEXT/BLOB value */
+} aSlot[1];
+};
+/*
+** Implementation of scalar function sqlite_expert_rem().
+*/
+static void idxRemFunc(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+struct IdxRemCtx *p = (struct IdxRemCtx*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+struct IdxRemSlot *pSlot;
+int iSlot;
+assert( argc==2 );
+iSlot = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+assert( iSlot<p->nSlot );
+pSlot = &p->aSlot[iSlot];
+switch( pSlot->eType ){
+case SQLITE_NULL:
+/* no-op */
+break;
+case SQLITE_INTEGER:
+sqlite3_result_int64(pCtx, pSlot->iVal);
+break;
+case SQLITE_FLOAT:
+sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, pSlot->rVal);
+break;
+case SQLITE_BLOB:
+assert( pSlot->n <= 0x7fffffff );
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, pSlot->z, (int)pSlot->n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+case SQLITE_TEXT:
+assert( pSlot->n <= 0x7fffffff );
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, pSlot->z, (int)pSlot->n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+pSlot->eType = sqlite3_value_type(argv[1]);
+switch( pSlot->eType ){
+case SQLITE_NULL:
+/* no-op */
+break;
+case SQLITE_INTEGER:
+pSlot->iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
+break;
+case SQLITE_FLOAT:
+pSlot->rVal = sqlite3_value_double(argv[1]);
+break;
+case SQLITE_BLOB:
+case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+i64 nByte = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[1]);
+const void *pData = 0;
+if( nByte>pSlot->nByte ){
+char *zNew = (char*)sqlite3_realloc64(pSlot->z, nByte*2);
+if( zNew==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+return;
+}
+pSlot->nByte = nByte*2;
+pSlot->z = zNew;
+}
+pSlot->n = nByte;
+if( pSlot->eType==SQLITE_BLOB ){
+pData = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[1]);
+if( pData ) memcpy(pSlot->z, pData, nByte);
+}else{
+pData = sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
+memcpy(pSlot->z, pData, nByte);
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+static int idxLargestIndex(sqlite3 *db, int *pnMax, char **pzErr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const char *zMax =
+"SELECT max(i.seqno) FROM "
+"  sqlite_schema AS s, "
+"  pragma_index_list(s.name) AS l, "
+"  pragma_index_info(l.name) AS i "
+"WHERE s.type = 'table'";
+sqlite3_stmt *pMax = 0;
+*pnMax = 0;
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(db, &pMax, pzErr, zMax);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pMax) ){
+*pnMax = sqlite3_column_int(pMax, 0) + 1;
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pMax);
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxPopulateOneStat1(
+sqlite3expert *p,
+sqlite3_stmt *pIndexXInfo,
+sqlite3_stmt *pWriteStat,
+const char *zTab,
+const char *zIdx,
+char **pzErr
+){
+char *zCols = 0;
+char *zOrder = 0;
+char *zQuery = 0;
+int nCol = 0;
+int i;
+sqlite3_stmt *pQuery = 0;
+i64 *aStat = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+assert( p->iSample>0 );
+/* Formulate the query text */
+sqlite3_bind_text(pIndexXInfo, 1, zIdx, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+while( SQLITE_OK==rc && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pIndexXInfo) ){
+const char *zComma = zCols==0 ? "" : ", ";
+const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pIndexXInfo, 0);
+const char *zColl = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pIndexXInfo, 1);
+if( zName==0 ){
+/* This index contains an expression. Ignore it. */
+sqlite3_free(zCols);
+sqlite3_free(zOrder);
+return sqlite3_reset(pIndexXInfo);
+}
+zCols = idxAppendText(&rc, zCols,
+"%sx.%Q IS sqlite_expert_rem(%d, x.%Q) COLLATE %s",
+zComma, zName, nCol, zName, zColl
+);
+zOrder = idxAppendText(&rc, zOrder, "%s%d", zComma, ++nCol);
+}
+sqlite3_reset(pIndexXInfo);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( p->iSample==100 ){
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"SELECT %s FROM %Q x ORDER BY %s", zCols, zTab, zOrder
+);
+}else{
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"SELECT %s FROM temp."UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME" x ORDER BY %s", zCols, zOrder
+);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCols);
+sqlite3_free(zOrder);
+/* Formulate the query text */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3 *dbrem = (p->iSample==100 ? p->db : p->dbv);
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(dbrem, &pQuery, pzErr, zQuery);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zQuery);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+aStat = (i64*)idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(i64)*(nCol+1));
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pQuery) ){
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+char *zStat = 0;
+for(i=0; i<=nCol; i++) aStat[i] = 1;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pQuery) ){
+aStat[0]++;
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+if( sqlite3_column_int(pQuery, i)==0 ) break;
+}
+for(/*no-op*/; i<nCol; i++){
+aStat[i+1]++;
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+i64 s0 = aStat[0];
+zStat = sqlite3_mprintf("%lld", s0);
+if( zStat==0 ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+for(i=1; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<=nCol; i++){
+zStat = idxAppendText(&rc, zStat, " %lld", (s0+aStat[i]/2) / aStat[i]);
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_text(pWriteStat, 1, zTab, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+sqlite3_bind_text(pWriteStat, 2, zIdx, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+sqlite3_bind_text(pWriteStat, 3, zStat, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+sqlite3_step(pWriteStat);
+rc = sqlite3_reset(pWriteStat);
+}
+pEntry = idxHashFind(&p->hIdx, zIdx, STRLEN(zIdx));
+if( pEntry ){
+assert( pEntry->zVal2==0 );
+pEntry->zVal2 = zStat;
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(zStat);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(aStat);
+idxFinalize(&rc, pQuery);
+return rc;
+}
+static int idxBuildSampleTable(sqlite3expert *p, const char *zTab){
+int rc;
+char *zSql;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv,"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp."UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME,0,0,0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"CREATE TABLE temp." UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME " AS SELECT * FROM %Q", zTab
+);
+if( zSql==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This function is called as part of sqlite3_expert_analyze(). Candidate
+** indexes have already been created in database sqlite3expert.dbm, this
+** function populates sqlite_stat1 table in the same database.
+**
+** The stat1 data is generated by querying the
+*/
+static int idxPopulateStat1(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+int nMax =0;
+struct IdxRemCtx *pCtx = 0;
+struct IdxSampleCtx samplectx;
+int i;
+i64 iPrev = -100000;
+sqlite3_stmt *pAllIndex = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pIndexXInfo = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pWrite = 0;
+const char *zAllIndex =
+"SELECT s.rowid, s.name, l.name FROM "
+"  sqlite_schema AS s, "
+"  pragma_index_list(s.name) AS l "
+"WHERE s.type = 'table'";
+const char *zIndexXInfo =
+"SELECT name, coll FROM pragma_index_xinfo(?) WHERE key";
+const char *zWrite = "INSERT INTO sqlite_stat1 VALUES(?, ?, ?)";
+/* If iSample==0, no sqlite_stat1 data is required. */
+if( p->iSample==0 ) return SQLITE_OK;
+rc = idxLargestIndex(p->dbm, &nMax, pzErr);
+if( nMax<=0 || rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbm, "ANALYZE; PRAGMA writable_schema=1", 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+i64 nByte = sizeof(struct IdxRemCtx) + (sizeof(struct IdxRemSlot) * nMax);
+pCtx = (struct IdxRemCtx*)idxMalloc(&rc, nByte);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3 *dbrem = (p->iSample==100 ? p->db : p->dbv);
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(dbrem, "sqlite_expert_rem",
+2, SQLITE_UTF8, (void*)pCtx, idxRemFunc, 0, 0
+);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sqlite_expert_sample",
+0, SQLITE_UTF8, (void*)&samplectx, idxSampleFunc, 0, 0
+);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pCtx->nSlot = (i64)nMax+1;
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->dbm, &pAllIndex, pzErr, zAllIndex);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->dbm, &pIndexXInfo, pzErr, zIndexXInfo);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->dbm, &pWrite, pzErr, zWrite);
+}
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pAllIndex) ){
+i64 iRowid = sqlite3_column_int64(pAllIndex, 0);
+const char *zTab = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pAllIndex, 1);
+const char *zIdx = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pAllIndex, 2);
+if( zTab==0 || zIdx==0 ) continue;
+if( p->iSample<100 && iPrev!=iRowid ){
+samplectx.target = (double)p->iSample / 100.0;
+samplectx.iTarget = p->iSample;
+samplectx.nRow = 0.0;
+samplectx.nRet = 0.0;
+rc = idxBuildSampleTable(p, zTab);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+}
+rc = idxPopulateOneStat1(p, pIndexXInfo, pWrite, zTab, zIdx, pzErr);
+iPrev = iRowid;
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && p->iSample<100 ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbv,
+"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp." UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME, 0,0,0
+);
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pAllIndex);
+idxFinalize(&rc, pIndexXInfo);
+idxFinalize(&rc, pWrite);
+if( pCtx ){
+for(i=0; i<pCtx->nSlot; i++){
+sqlite3_free(pCtx->aSlot[i].z);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pCtx);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbm, "ANALYZE sqlite_schema", 0, 0, 0);
+}
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sqlite_expert_rem", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,0,0,0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "sqlite_expert_sample", 0,SQLITE_UTF8,0,0,0,0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp."UNIQUE_TABLE_NAME,0,0,0);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Define and possibly pretend to use a useless collation sequence.
+** This pretense allows expert to accept SQL using custom collations.
+*/
+int dummyCompare(void *up1, int up2, const void *up3, int up4, const void *up5){
+(void)up1;
+(void)up2;
+(void)up3;
+(void)up4;
+(void)up5;
+assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+return 0;
+}
+/* And a callback to register above upon actual need */
+void useDummyCS(void *up1, sqlite3 *db, int etr, const char *zName){
+(void)up1;
+sqlite3_create_collation_v2(db, zName, etr, 0, dummyCompare, 0);
+}
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) \
+&& !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
+/*
+** dummy functions for no-op implementation of UDFs during expert's work
+*/
+void dummyUDF(sqlite3_context *up1, int up2, sqlite3_value **up3){
+(void)up1;
+(void)up2;
+(void)up3;
+assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+}
+void dummyUDFvalue(sqlite3_context *up1){
+(void)up1;
+assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+}
+/*
+** Register UDFs from user database with another.
+*/
+int registerUDFs(sqlite3 *dbSrc, sqlite3 *dbDst){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(dbSrc,
+"SELECT name,type,enc,narg,flags "
+"FROM pragma_function_list() "
+"WHERE builtin==0", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+while( SQLITE_ROW==(rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt)) ){
+int nargs = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,3);
+int flags = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,4);
+const char *name = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
+const char *type = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1);
+const char *enc = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
+if( name==0 || type==0 || enc==0 ){
+/* no-op.  Only happens on OOM */
+}else{
+int ienc = SQLITE_UTF8;
+int rcf = SQLITE_ERROR;
+if( strcmp(enc,"utf16le")==0 ) ienc = SQLITE_UTF16LE;
+else if( strcmp(enc,"utf16be")==0 ) ienc = SQLITE_UTF16BE;
+ienc |= (flags & (SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY));
+if( strcmp(type,"w")==0 ){
+rcf = sqlite3_create_window_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+dummyUDF,dummyUDFvalue,0,0,0);
+}else if( strcmp(type,"a")==0 ){
+rcf = sqlite3_create_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+0,dummyUDF,dummyUDFvalue);
+}else if( strcmp(type,"s")==0 ){
+rcf = sqlite3_create_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+dummyUDF,0,0);
+}
+if( rcf!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = rcf;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Allocate a new sqlite3expert object.
+*/
+sqlite3expert *sqlite3_expert_new(sqlite3 *db, char **pzErrmsg){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3expert *pNew;
+pNew = (sqlite3expert*)idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(sqlite3expert));
+/* Open two in-memory databases to work with. The "vtab database" (dbv)
+** will contain a virtual table corresponding to each real table in
+** the user database schema, and a copy of each view. It is used to
+** collect information regarding the WHERE, ORDER BY and other clauses
+** of the user's query.
+*/
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew->db = db;
+pNew->iSample = 100;
+rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", &pNew->dbv);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", &pNew->dbm);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_db_config(pNew->dbm, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 1, (int*)0);
+}
+}
+/* Allow custom collations to be dealt with through prepare. */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(pNew->dbm,0,useDummyCS);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(pNew->dbv,0,useDummyCS);
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) \
+&& !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
+/* Register UDFs from database [db] with [dbm] and [dbv]. */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = registerUDFs(pNew->db, pNew->dbm);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = registerUDFs(pNew->db, pNew->dbv);
+}
+#endif
+/* Copy the entire schema of database [db] into [dbm]. */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;
+rc = idxPrintfPrepareStmt(pNew->db, &pSql, pzErrmsg,
+"SELECT sql, name, substr(sql,1,14)=='create virtual' COLLATE nocase"
+" FROM sqlite_schema WHERE substr(name,1,7)!='sqlite_' COLLATE nocase"
+" ORDER BY 3 DESC, rowid"
+);
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0);
+const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 1);
+int bExists = 0;
+rc = expertDbContainsObject(pNew->dbm, zName, &bExists);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && zSql && bExists==0 ){
+rc = expertSchemaSql(pNew->dbm, zSql, pzErrmsg);
+}
+}
+idxFinalize(&rc, pSql);
+}
+/* Create the vtab schema */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxCreateVtabSchema(pNew, pzErrmsg);
+}
+/* Register the auth callback with dbv */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_set_authorizer(pNew->dbv, idxAuthCallback, (void*)pNew);
+}
+/* If an error has occurred, free the new object and return NULL. Otherwise,
+** return the new sqlite3expert handle.  */
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_expert_destroy(pNew);
+pNew = 0;
+}
+return pNew;
+}
+/*
+** Configure an sqlite3expert object.
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_config(sqlite3expert *p, int op, ...){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, op);
+switch( op ){
+case EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE: {
+int iVal = va_arg(ap, int);
+if( iVal<0 ) iVal = 0;
+if( iVal>100 ) iVal = 100;
+p->iSample = iVal;
+break;
+}
+default:
+rc = SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+break;
+}
+va_end(ap);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Add an SQL statement to the analysis.
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_sql(
+sqlite3expert *p,               /* From sqlite3_expert_new() */
+const char *zSql,               /* SQL statement to add */
+char **pzErr                    /* OUT: Error message (if any) */
+){
+IdxScan *pScanOrig = p->pScan;
+IdxStatement *pStmtOrig = p->pStatement;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const char *zStmt = zSql;
+if( p->bRun ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && zStmt && zStmt[0] ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+/* Ensure that the provided statement compiles against user's DB. */
+rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->db, &pStmt, pzErr, zStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->dbv, zStmt, -1, &pStmt, &zStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( pStmt ){
+IdxStatement *pNew;
+const char *z = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+i64 n = STRLEN(z);
+pNew = (IdxStatement*)idxMalloc(&rc, sizeof(IdxStatement) + n+1);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pNew->zSql = (char*)&pNew[1];
+memcpy(pNew->zSql, z, n+1);
+pNew->pNext = p->pStatement;
+if( p->pStatement ) pNew->iId = p->pStatement->iId+1;
+p->pStatement = pNew;
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+}else{
+idxDatabaseError(p->dbv, pzErr);
+}
+}
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+idxScanFree(p->pScan, pScanOrig);
+idxStatementFree(p->pStatement, pStmtOrig);
+p->pScan = pScanOrig;
+p->pStatement = pStmtOrig;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+int sqlite3_expert_analyze(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErr){
+int rc;
+IdxHashEntry *pEntry;
+/* Do trigger processing to collect any extra IdxScan structures */
+rc = idxProcessTriggers(p, pzErr);
+/* Create candidate indexes within the in-memory database file */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxCreateCandidates(p);
+}else if ( rc==SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT ){
+if( pzErr )
+*pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("Cannot find a unique index name to propose.");
+return rc;
+}
+/* Generate the stat1 data */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxPopulateStat1(p, pzErr);
+}
+/* Formulate the EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES text */
+for(pEntry=p->hIdx.pFirst; pEntry; pEntry=pEntry->pNext){
+p->zCandidates = idxAppendText(&rc, p->zCandidates,
+"%s;%s%s\n", pEntry->zVal,
+pEntry->zVal2 ? " -- stat1: " : "", pEntry->zVal2
+);
+}
+/* Figure out which of the candidate indexes are preferred by the query
+** planner and report the results to the user.  */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = idxFindIndexes(p, pzErr);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+p->bRun = 1;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the total number of statements that have been added to this
+** sqlite3expert using sqlite3_expert_sql().
+*/
+int sqlite3_expert_count(sqlite3expert *p){
+int nRet = 0;
+if( p->pStatement ) nRet = p->pStatement->iId+1;
+return nRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return a component of the report.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_expert_report(sqlite3expert *p, int iStmt, int eReport){
+const char *zRet = 0;
+IdxStatement *pStmt;
+if( p->bRun==0 ) return 0;
+for(pStmt=p->pStatement; pStmt && pStmt->iId!=iStmt; pStmt=pStmt->pNext);
+switch( eReport ){
+case EXPERT_REPORT_SQL:
+if( pStmt ) zRet = pStmt->zSql;
+break;
+case EXPERT_REPORT_INDEXES:
+if( pStmt ) zRet = pStmt->zIdx;
+break;
+case EXPERT_REPORT_PLAN:
+if( pStmt ) zRet = pStmt->zEQP;
+break;
+case EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES:
+zRet = p->zCandidates;
+break;
+}
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** Free an sqlite3expert object.
+*/
+void sqlite3_expert_destroy(sqlite3expert *p){
+if( p ){
+sqlite3_close(p->dbm);
+sqlite3_close(p->dbv);
+idxScanFree(p->pScan, 0);
+idxStatementFree(p->pStatement, 0);
+idxTableFree(p->pTable);
+idxWriteFree(p->pWrite);
+idxHashClear(&p->hIdx);
+sqlite3_free(p->zCandidates);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+/************************* End ../ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c ********************/
+#endif
+/************************* Begin ../ext/intck/sqlite3intck.h ******************/
+/*
+** 2024-02-08
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+*/
+/*
+** Incremental Integrity-Check Extension
+** -------------------------------------
+**
+** This module contains code to check whether or not an SQLite database
+** is well-formed or corrupt. This is the same task as performed by SQLite's
+** built-in "PRAGMA integrity_check" command. This module differs from
+** "PRAGMA integrity_check" in that:
+**
+**   +  It is less thorough - this module does not detect certain types
+**      of corruption that are detected by the PRAGMA command. However,
+**      it does detect all kinds of corruption that are likely to cause
+**      errors in SQLite applications.
+**
+**   +  It is slower. Sometimes up to three times slower.
+**
+**   +  It allows integrity-check operations to be split into multiple
+**      transactions, so that the database does not need to be read-locked
+**      for the duration of the integrity-check.
+**
+** One way to use the API to run integrity-check on the "main" database
+** of handle db is:
+**
+**   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+**   sqlite3_intck *p = 0;
+**
+**   sqlite3_intck_open(db, "main", &p);
+**   while( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_intck_step(p) ){
+**     const char *zMsg = sqlite3_intck_message(p);
+**     if( zMsg ) printf("corruption: %s\n", zMsg);
+**   }
+**   rc = sqlite3_intck_error(p, &zErr);
+**   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+**     printf("error occured (rc=%d), (errmsg=%s)\n", rc, zErr);
+**   }
+**   sqlite3_intck_close(p);
+**
+** Usually, the sqlite3_intck object opens a read transaction within the
+** first call to sqlite3_intck_step() and holds it open until the
+** integrity-check is complete. However, if sqlite3_intck_unlock() is
+** called, the read transaction is ended and a new read transaction opened
+** by the subsequent call to sqlite3_intck_step().
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE_INTCK_H
+#define _SQLITE_INTCK_H
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/*
+** An ongoing incremental integrity-check operation is represented by an
+** opaque pointer of the following type.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_intck sqlite3_intck;
+/*
+** Open a new incremental integrity-check object. If successful, populate
+** output variable (*ppOut) with the new object handle and return SQLITE_OK.
+** Or, if an error occurs, set (*ppOut) to NULL and return an SQLite error
+** code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM).
+**
+** The integrity-check will be conducted on database zDb (which must be "main",
+** "temp", or the name of an attached database) of database handle db. Once
+** this function has been called successfully, the caller should not use
+** database handle db until the integrity-check object has been destroyed
+** using sqlite3_intck_close().
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_open(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
+const char *zDb,                /* Database name ("main", "temp" etc.) */
+sqlite3_intck **ppOut           /* OUT: New sqlite3_intck handle */
+);
+/*
+** Close and release all resources associated with a handle opened by an
+** earlier call to sqlite3_intck_open(). The results of using an
+** integrity-check handle after it has been passed to this function are
+** undefined.
+*/
+void sqlite3_intck_close(sqlite3_intck *pCk);
+/*
+** Do the next step of the integrity-check operation specified by the handle
+** passed as the only argument. This function returns SQLITE_DONE if the
+** integrity-check operation is finished, or an SQLite error code if
+** an error occurs, or SQLITE_OK if no error occurs but the integrity-check
+** is not finished. It is not considered an error if database corruption
+** is encountered.
+**
+** Following a successful call to sqlite3_intck_step() (one that returns
+** SQLITE_OK), sqlite3_intck_message() returns a non-NULL value if
+** corruption was detected in the db.
+**
+** If an error occurs and a value other than SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE is
+** returned, then the integrity-check handle is placed in an error state.
+** In this state all subsequent calls to sqlite3_intck_step() or
+** sqlite3_intck_unlock() will immediately return the same error. The
+** sqlite3_intck_error() method may be used to obtain an English language
+** error message in this case.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_step(sqlite3_intck *pCk);
+/*
+** If the previous call to sqlite3_intck_step() encountered corruption
+** within the database, then this function returns a pointer to a buffer
+** containing a nul-terminated string describing the corruption in
+** English. If the previous call to sqlite3_intck_step() did not encounter
+** corruption, or if there was no previous call, this function returns
+** NULL.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_intck_message(sqlite3_intck *pCk);
+/*
+** Close any read-transaction opened by an earlier call to
+** sqlite3_intck_step(). Any subsequent call to sqlite3_intck_step() will
+** open a new transaction. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error
+** code otherwise.
+**
+** If an error occurs, then the integrity-check handle is placed in an error
+** state. In this state all subsequent calls to sqlite3_intck_step() or
+** sqlite3_intck_unlock() will immediately return the same error. The
+** sqlite3_intck_error() method may be used to obtain an English language
+** error message in this case.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_unlock(sqlite3_intck *pCk);
+/*
+** If an error has occurred in an earlier call to sqlite3_intck_step()
+** or sqlite3_intck_unlock(), then this method returns the associated
+** SQLite error code. Additionally, if pzErr is not NULL, then (*pzErr)
+** may be set to point to a nul-terminated string containing an English
+** language error message. Or, if no error message is available, to
+** NULL.
+**
+** If no error has occurred within sqlite3_intck_step() or
+** sqlite_intck_unlock() calls on the handle passed as the first argument,
+** then SQLITE_OK is returned and (*pzErr) set to NULL.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_error(sqlite3_intck *pCk, const char **pzErr);
+/*
+** This API is used for testing only. It returns the full-text of an SQL
+** statement used to test object zObj, which may be a table or index.
+** The returned buffer is valid until the next call to either this function
+** or sqlite3_intck_close() on the same sqlite3_intck handle.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_intck_test_sql(sqlite3_intck *pCk, const char *zObj);
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
+#endif
+#endif /* ifndef _SQLITE_INTCK_H */
+/************************* End ../ext/intck/sqlite3intck.h ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/intck/sqlite3intck.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2024-02-08
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3intck.h" */
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+/*
+** nKeyVal:
+**   The number of values that make up the 'key' for the current pCheck
+**   statement.
+**
+** rc:
+**   Error code returned by most recent sqlite3_intck_step() or
+**   sqlite3_intck_unlock() call. This is set to SQLITE_DONE when
+**   the integrity-check operation is finished.
+**
+** zErr:
+**   If the object has entered the error state, this is the error message.
+**   Is freed using sqlite3_free() when the object is deleted.
+**
+** zTestSql:
+**   The value returned by the most recent call to sqlite3_intck_testsql().
+**   Each call to testsql() frees the previous zTestSql value (using
+**   sqlite3_free()) and replaces it with the new value it will return.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_intck {
+sqlite3 *db;
+const char *zDb;                /* Copy of zDb parameter to _open() */
+char *zObj;                     /* Current object. Or NULL. */
+sqlite3_stmt *pCheck;           /* Current check statement */
+char *zKey;
+int nKeyVal;
+char *zMessage;
+int bCorruptSchema;
+int rc;                         /* Error code */
+char *zErr;                     /* Error message */
+char *zTestSql;                 /* Returned by sqlite3_intck_test_sql() */
+};
+/*
+** Some error has occurred while using database p->db. Save the error message
+** and error code currently held by the database handle in p->rc and p->zErr.
+*/
+static void intckSaveErrmsg(sqlite3_intck *p){
+p->rc = sqlite3_errcode(p->db);
+sqlite3_free(p->zErr);
+p->zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+}
+/*
+** If the handle passed as the first argument is already in the error state,
+** then this function is a no-op (returns NULL immediately). Otherwise, if an
+** error occurs within this function, it leaves an error in said handle.
+**
+** Otherwise, this function attempts to prepare SQL statement zSql and
+** return the resulting statement handle to the user.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *intckPrepare(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zSql){
+sqlite3_stmt *pRet = 0;
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+p->rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pRet, 0);
+if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+intckSaveErrmsg(p);
+assert( pRet==0 );
+}
+}
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** If the handle passed as the first argument is already in the error state,
+** then this function is a no-op (returns NULL immediately). Otherwise, if an
+** error occurs within this function, it leaves an error in said handle.
+**
+** Otherwise, this function treats argument zFmt as a printf() style format
+** string. It formats it according to the trailing arguments and then
+** attempts to prepare the results and return the resulting prepared
+** statement.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *intckPrepareFmt(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zFmt, ...){
+sqlite3_stmt *pRet = 0;
+va_list ap;
+char *zSql = 0;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+zSql = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && zSql==0 ){
+p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+pRet = intckPrepare(p, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+va_end(ap);
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Finalize SQL statement pStmt. If an error occurs and the handle passed
+** as the first argument does not already contain an error, store the
+** error in the handle.
+*/
+static void intckFinalize(sqlite3_intck *p, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+int rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+intckSaveErrmsg(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** If there is already an error in handle p, return it. Otherwise, call
+** sqlite3_step() on the statement handle and return that value.
+*/
+static int intckStep(sqlite3_intck *p, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+if( p->rc ) return p->rc;
+return sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+}
+/*
+** Execute SQL statement zSql. There is no way to obtain any results
+** returned by the statement. This function uses the sqlite3_intck error
+** code convention.
+*/
+static void intckExec(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zSql){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+pStmt = intckPrepare(p, zSql);
+intckStep(p, pStmt);
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+}
+/*
+** A wrapper around sqlite3_mprintf() that uses the sqlite3_intck error
+** code convention.
+*/
+static char *intckMprintf(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+char *zRet = 0;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+zRet = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( zRet==0 ){
+p->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(zRet);
+zRet = 0;
+}
+va_end(ap);
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** This is used by sqlite3_intck_unlock() to save the vector key value
+** required to restart the current pCheck query as a nul-terminated string
+** in p->zKey.
+*/
+static void intckSaveKey(sqlite3_intck *p){
+int ii;
+char *zSql = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pXinfo = 0;
+const char *zDir = 0;
+assert( p->pCheck );
+assert( p->zKey==0 );
+pXinfo = intckPrepareFmt(p,
+"SELECT group_concat(desc, '') FROM %Q.sqlite_schema s, "
+"pragma_index_xinfo(%Q, %Q) "
+"WHERE s.type='index' AND s.name=%Q",
+p->zDb, p->zObj, p->zDb, p->zObj
+);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pXinfo) ){
+zDir = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pXinfo, 0);
+}
+if( zDir==0 ){
+/* Object is a table, not an index. This is the easy case,as there are
+** no DESC columns or NULL values in a primary key.  */
+const char *zSep = "SELECT '(' || ";
+for(ii=0; ii<p->nKeyVal; ii++){
+zSql = intckMprintf(p, "%z%squote(?)", zSql, zSep);
+zSep = " || ', ' || ";
+}
+zSql = intckMprintf(p, "%z || ')'", zSql);
+}else{
+/* Object is an index. */
+assert( p->nKeyVal>1 );
+for(ii=p->nKeyVal; ii>0; ii--){
+int bLastIsDesc = zDir[ii-1]=='1';
+int bLastIsNull = sqlite3_column_type(p->pCheck, ii)==SQLITE_NULL;
+const char *zLast = sqlite3_column_name(p->pCheck, ii);
+char *zLhs = 0;
+char *zRhs = 0;
+char *zWhere = 0;
+if( bLastIsNull ){
+if( bLastIsDesc ) continue;
+zWhere = intckMprintf(p, "'%s IS NOT NULL'", zLast);
+}else{
+const char *zOp = bLastIsDesc ? "<" : ">";
+zWhere = intckMprintf(p, "'%s %s ' || quote(?%d)", zLast, zOp, ii);
+}
+if( ii>1 ){
+const char *zLhsSep = "";
+const char *zRhsSep = "";
+int jj;
+for(jj=0; jj<ii-1; jj++){
+const char *zAlias = (const char*)sqlite3_column_name(p->pCheck,jj+1);
+zLhs = intckMprintf(p, "%z%s%s", zLhs, zLhsSep, zAlias);
+zRhs = intckMprintf(p, "%z%squote(?%d)", zRhs, zRhsSep, jj+1);
+zLhsSep = ",";
+zRhsSep = " || ',' || ";
+}
+zWhere = intckMprintf(p,
+"'(%z) IS (' || %z || ') AND ' || %z",
+zLhs, zRhs, zWhere);
+}
+zWhere = intckMprintf(p, "'WHERE ' || %z", zWhere);
+zSql = intckMprintf(p, "%z%s(quote( %z ) )",
+zSql,
+(zSql==0 ? "VALUES" : ",\n      "),
+zWhere
+);
+}
+zSql = intckMprintf(p,
+"WITH wc(q) AS (\n%z\n)"
+"SELECT 'VALUES' || group_concat('(' || q || ')', ',\n      ') FROM wc"
+, zSql
+);
+}
+pStmt = intckPrepare(p, zSql);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+for(ii=0; ii<p->nKeyVal; ii++){
+sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, ii+1, sqlite3_column_value(p->pCheck, ii+1));
+}
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+p->zKey = intckMprintf(p,"%s",(const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+}
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+intckFinalize(p, pXinfo);
+}
+/*
+** Find the next database object (table or index) to check. If successful,
+** set sqlite3_intck.zObj to point to a nul-terminated buffer containing
+** the object's name before returning.
+*/
+static void intckFindObject(sqlite3_intck *p){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+char *zPrev = p->zObj;
+p->zObj = 0;
+assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
+assert( p->pCheck==0 );
+pStmt = intckPrepareFmt(p,
+"WITH tables(table_name) AS ("
+"  SELECT name"
+"  FROM %Q.sqlite_schema WHERE (type='table' OR type='index') AND rootpage"
+"  UNION ALL "
+"  SELECT 'sqlite_schema'"
+")"
+"SELECT table_name FROM tables "
+"WHERE ?1 IS NULL OR table_name%s?1 "
+"ORDER BY 1"
+, p->zDb, (p->zKey ? ">=" : ">")
+);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, zPrev, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+p->zObj = intckMprintf(p,"%s",(const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+}
+}
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+/* If this is a new object, ensure the previous key value is cleared. */
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(p->zObj, zPrev) ){
+sqlite3_free(p->zKey);
+p->zKey = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zPrev);
+}
+/*
+** Return the size in bytes of the first token in nul-terminated buffer z.
+** For the purposes of this call, a token is either:
+**
+**   *  a quoted SQL string,
+*    *  a contiguous series of ascii alphabet characters, or
+*    *  any other single byte.
+*/
+static int intckGetToken(const char *z){
+char c = z[0];
+int iRet = 1;
+if( c=='\'' || c=='"' || c=='`' ){
+while( 1 ){
+if( z[iRet]==c ){
+iRet++;
+if( z[iRet]!=c ) break;
+}
+iRet++;
+}
+}
+else if( c=='[' ){
+while( z[iRet++]!=']' && z[iRet] );
+}
+else if( (c>='A' && c<='Z') || (c>='a' && c<='z') ){
+while( (z[iRet]>='A' && z[iRet]<='Z') || (z[iRet]>='a' && z[iRet]<='z') ){
+iRet++;
+}
+}
+return iRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if argument c is an ascii whitespace character.
+*/
+static int intckIsSpace(char c){
+return (c==' ' || c=='\t' || c=='\n' || c=='\r');
+}
+/*
+** Argument z points to the text of a CREATE INDEX statement. This function
+** identifies the part of the text that contains either the index WHERE
+** clause (if iCol<0) or the iCol'th column of the index.
+**
+** If (iCol<0), the identified fragment does not include the "WHERE" keyword,
+** only the expression that follows it. If (iCol>=0) then the identified
+** fragment does not include any trailing sort-order keywords - "ASC" or
+** "DESC".
+**
+** If the CREATE INDEX statement does not contain the requested field or
+** clause, NULL is returned and (*pnByte) is set to 0. Otherwise, a pointer to
+** the identified fragment is returned and output parameter (*pnByte) set
+** to its size in bytes.
+*/
+static const char *intckParseCreateIndex(const char *z, int iCol, int *pnByte){
+int iOff = 0;
+int iThisCol = 0;
+int iStart = 0;
+int nOpen = 0;
+const char *zRet = 0;
+int nRet = 0;
+int iEndOfCol = 0;
+/* Skip forward until the first "(" token */
+while( z[iOff]!='(' ){
+iOff += intckGetToken(&z[iOff]);
+if( z[iOff]=='\0' ) return 0;
+}
+assert( z[iOff]=='(' );
+nOpen = 1;
+iOff++;
+iStart = iOff;
+while( z[iOff] ){
+const char *zToken = &z[iOff];
+int nToken = 0;
+/* Check if this is the end of the current column - either a "," or ")"
+** when nOpen==1.  */
+if( nOpen==1 ){
+if( z[iOff]==',' || z[iOff]==')' ){
+if( iCol==iThisCol ){
+int iEnd = iEndOfCol ? iEndOfCol : iOff;
+nRet = (iEnd - iStart);
+zRet = &z[iStart];
+break;
+}
+iStart = iOff+1;
+while( intckIsSpace(z[iStart]) ) iStart++;
+iThisCol++;
+}
+if( z[iOff]==')' ) break;
+}
+if( z[iOff]=='(' ) nOpen++;
+if( z[iOff]==')' ) nOpen--;
+nToken = intckGetToken(zToken);
+if( (nToken==3 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(zToken, "ASC", nToken))
+|| (nToken==4 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(zToken, "DESC", nToken))
+){
+iEndOfCol = iOff;
+}else if( 0==intckIsSpace(zToken[0]) ){
+iEndOfCol = 0;
+}
+iOff += nToken;
+}
+/* iStart is now the byte offset of 1 byte passed the final ')' in the
+** CREATE INDEX statement. Try to find a WHERE clause to return.  */
+while( zRet==0 && z[iOff] ){
+int n = intckGetToken(&z[iOff]);
+if( n==5 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(&z[iOff], "where", 5) ){
+zRet = &z[iOff+5];
+nRet = (int)strlen(zRet);
+}
+iOff += n;
+}
+/* Trim any whitespace from the start and end of the returned string. */
+if( zRet ){
+while( intckIsSpace(zRet[0]) ){
+nRet--;
+zRet++;
+}
+while( nRet>0 && intckIsSpace(zRet[nRet-1]) ) nRet--;
+}
+*pnByte = nRet;
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** User-defined SQL function wrapper for intckParseCreateIndex():
+**
+**     SELECT parse_create_index(<sql>, <icol>);
+*/
+static void intckParseCreateIndexFunc(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+int idx = sqlite3_value_int(apVal[1]);
+const char *zRes = 0;
+int nRes = 0;
+assert( nVal==2 );
+if( zSql ){
+zRes = intckParseCreateIndex(zSql, idx, &nRes);
+}
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, zRes, nRes, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+/*
+** Return true if sqlite3_intck.db has automatic indexes enabled, false
+** otherwise.
+*/
+static int intckGetAutoIndex(sqlite3_intck *p){
+int bRet = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+pStmt = intckPrepare(p, "PRAGMA automatic_index");
+if( SQLITE_ROW==intckStep(p, pStmt) ){
+bRet = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+}
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+return bRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if zObj is an index, or false otherwise.
+*/
+static int intckIsIndex(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zObj){
+int bRet = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+pStmt = intckPrepareFmt(p,
+"SELECT 1 FROM %Q.sqlite_schema WHERE name=%Q AND type='index'",
+p->zDb, zObj
+);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+bRet = 1;
+}
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+return bRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return a pointer to a nul-terminated buffer containing the SQL statement
+** used to check database object zObj (a table or index) for corruption.
+** If parameter zPrev is not NULL, then it must be a string containing the
+** vector key required to restart the check where it left off last time.
+** If pnKeyVal is not NULL, then (*pnKeyVal) is set to the number of
+** columns in the vector key value for the specified object.
+**
+** This function uses the sqlite3_intck error code convention.
+*/
+static char *intckCheckObjectSql(
+sqlite3_intck *p,               /* Integrity check object */
+const char *zObj,               /* Object (table or index) to scan */
+const char *zPrev,              /* Restart key vector, if any */
+int *pnKeyVal                   /* OUT: Number of key-values for this scan */
+){
+char *zRet = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int bAutoIndex = 0;
+int bIsIndex = 0;
+const char *zCommon =
+/* Relation without_rowid also contains just one row. Column "b" is
+** set to true if the table being examined is a WITHOUT ROWID table,
+** or false otherwise.  */
+", without_rowid(b) AS ("
+"  SELECT EXISTS ("
+"    SELECT 1 FROM tabname, pragma_index_list(tab, db) AS l"
+"      WHERE origin='pk' "
+"      AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name=l.name)"
+"  )"
+")"
+""
+/* Table idx_cols contains 1 row for each column in each index on the
+** table being checked. Columns are:
+**
+**   idx_name: Name of the index.
+**   idx_ispk: True if this index is the PK of a WITHOUT ROWID table.
+**   col_name: Name of indexed column, or NULL for index on expression.
+**   col_expr: Indexed expression, including COLLATE clause.
+**   col_alias: Alias used for column in 'intck_wrapper' table.
+*/
+", idx_cols(idx_name, idx_ispk, col_name, col_expr, col_alias) AS ("
+"  SELECT l.name, (l.origin=='pk' AND w.b), i.name, COALESCE(("
+"    SELECT parse_create_index(sql, i.seqno) FROM "
+"    sqlite_schema WHERE name = l.name"
+"  ), format('\"%w\"', i.name) || ' COLLATE ' || quote(i.coll)),"
+"  'c' || row_number() OVER ()"
+"  FROM "
+"      tabname t,"
+"      without_rowid w,"
+"      pragma_index_list(t.tab, t.db) l,"
+"      pragma_index_xinfo(l.name) i"
+"      WHERE i.key"
+"  UNION ALL"
+"  SELECT '', 1, '_rowid_', '_rowid_', 'r1' FROM without_rowid WHERE b=0"
+")"
+""
+""
+/*
+** For a PK declared as "PRIMARY KEY(a, b) ... WITHOUT ROWID", where
+** the intck_wrapper aliases of "a" and "b" are "c1" and "c2":
+**
+**   o_pk:   "o.c1, o.c2"
+**   i_pk:   "i.'a', i.'b'"
+**   ...
+**   n_pk:   2
+*/
+", tabpk(db, tab, idx, o_pk, i_pk, q_pk, eq_pk, ps_pk, pk_pk, n_pk) AS ("
+"    WITH pkfields(f, a) AS ("
+"      SELECT i.col_name, i.col_alias FROM idx_cols i WHERE i.idx_ispk"
+"    )"
+"    SELECT t.db, t.tab, t.idx, "
+"           group_concat(a, ', '), "
+"           group_concat('i.'||quote(f), ', '), "
+"           group_concat('quote(o.'||a||')', ' || '','' || '),  "
+"           format('(%s)==(%s)',"
+"               group_concat('o.'||a, ', '), "
+"               group_concat(format('\"%w\"', f), ', ')"
+"           ),"
+"           group_concat('%s', ','),"
+"           group_concat('quote('||a||')', ', '),  "
+"           count(*)"
+"    FROM tabname t, pkfields"
+")"
+""
+", idx(name, match_expr, partial, partial_alias, idx_ps, idx_idx) AS ("
+"  SELECT idx_name,"
+"    format('(%s,%s) IS (%s,%s)', "
+"           group_concat(i.col_expr, ', '), i_pk,"
+"           group_concat('o.'||i.col_alias, ', '), o_pk"
+"    ), "
+"    parse_create_index("
+"        (SELECT sql FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name=idx_name), -1"
+"    ),"
+"    'cond' || row_number() OVER ()"
+"    , group_concat('%s', ',')"
+"    , group_concat('quote('||i.col_alias||')', ', ')"
+"  FROM tabpk t, "
+"       without_rowid w,"
+"       idx_cols i"
+"  WHERE i.idx_ispk==0 "
+"  GROUP BY idx_name"
+")"
+""
+", wrapper_with(s) AS ("
+"  SELECT 'intck_wrapper AS (\n  SELECT\n    ' || ("
+"      WITH f(a, b) AS ("
+"        SELECT col_expr, col_alias FROM idx_cols"
+"          UNION ALL "
+"        SELECT partial, partial_alias FROM idx WHERE partial IS NOT NULL"
+"      )"
+"      SELECT group_concat(format('%s AS %s', a, b), ',\n    ') FROM f"
+"    )"
+"    || format('\n  FROM %Q.%Q ', t.db, t.tab)"
+/* If the object being checked is a table, append "NOT INDEXED".
+** Otherwise, append "INDEXED BY <index>", and then, if the index
+** is a partial index " WHERE <condition>".  */
+"    || CASE WHEN t.idx IS NULL THEN "
+"        'NOT INDEXED'"
+"       ELSE"
+"        format('INDEXED BY %Q%s', t.idx, ' WHERE '||i.partial)"
+"       END"
+"    || '\n)'"
+"    FROM tabname t LEFT JOIN idx i ON (i.name=t.idx)"
+")"
+""
+;
+bAutoIndex = intckGetAutoIndex(p);
+if( bAutoIndex ) intckExec(p, "PRAGMA automatic_index = 0");
+bIsIndex = intckIsIndex(p, zObj);
+if( bIsIndex ){
+pStmt = intckPrepareFmt(p,
+/* Table idxname contains a single row. The first column, "db", contains
+** the name of the db containing the table (e.g. "main") and the second,
+** "tab", the name of the table itself.  */
+"WITH tabname(db, tab, idx) AS ("
+"  SELECT %Q, (SELECT tbl_name FROM %Q.sqlite_schema WHERE name=%Q), %Q "
+")"
+""
+", whereclause(w_c) AS (%s)"
+""
+"%s" /* zCommon */
+""
+", case_statement(c) AS ("
+"  SELECT "
+"    'CASE WHEN (' || group_concat(col_alias, ', ') || ', 1) IS (\n' "
+"    || '      SELECT ' || group_concat(col_expr, ', ') || ', 1 FROM '"
+"    || format('%%Q.%%Q NOT INDEXED WHERE %%s\n', t.db, t.tab, p.eq_pk)"
+"    || '    )\n  THEN NULL\n    '"
+"    || 'ELSE format(''surplus entry ('"
+"    ||   group_concat('%%s', ',') || ',' || p.ps_pk"
+"    || ') in index ' || t.idx || ''', ' "
+"    ||   group_concat('quote('||i.col_alias||')', ', ') || ', ' || p.pk_pk"
+"    || ')'"
+"    || '\n  END AS error_message'"
+"  FROM tabname t, tabpk p, idx_cols i WHERE i.idx_name=t.idx"
+")"
+""
+", thiskey(k, n) AS ("
+"    SELECT group_concat(i.col_alias, ', ') || ', ' || p.o_pk, "
+"           count(*) + p.n_pk "
+"    FROM tabpk p, idx_cols i WHERE i.idx_name=p.idx"
+")"
+""
+", main_select(m, n) AS ("
+"  SELECT format("
+"      'WITH %%s\n' ||"
+"      ', idx_checker AS (\n' ||"
+"      '  SELECT %%s,\n' ||"
+"      '  %%s\n' || "
+"      '  FROM intck_wrapper AS o\n' ||"
+"      ')\n',"
+"      ww.s, c, t.k"
+"  ), t.n"
+"  FROM case_statement, wrapper_with ww, thiskey t"
+")"
+"SELECT m || "
+"    group_concat('SELECT * FROM idx_checker ' || w_c, ' UNION ALL '), n"
+" FROM "
+"main_select, whereclause "
+, p->zDb, p->zDb, zObj, zObj
+, zPrev ? zPrev : "VALUES('')", zCommon
+);
+}else{
+pStmt = intckPrepareFmt(p,
+/* Table tabname contains a single row. The first column, "db", contains
+** the name of the db containing the table (e.g. "main") and the second,
+** "tab", the name of the table itself.  */
+"WITH tabname(db, tab, idx, prev) AS (SELECT %Q, %Q, NULL, %Q)"
+""
+"%s" /* zCommon */
+/* expr(e) contains one row for each index on table zObj. Value e
+** is set to an expression that evaluates to NULL if the required
+** entry is present in the index, or an error message otherwise.  */
+", expr(e, p) AS ("
+"  SELECT format('CASE WHEN EXISTS \n"
+"    (SELECT 1 FROM %%Q.%%Q AS i INDEXED BY %%Q WHERE %%s%%s)\n"
+"    THEN NULL\n"
+"    ELSE format(''entry (%%s,%%s) missing from index %%s'', %%s, %%s)\n"
+"  END\n'"
+"    , t.db, t.tab, i.name, i.match_expr, ' AND (' || partial || ')',"
+"      i.idx_ps, t.ps_pk, i.name, i.idx_idx, t.pk_pk),"
+"    CASE WHEN partial IS NULL THEN NULL ELSE i.partial_alias END"
+"  FROM tabpk t, idx i"
+")"
+", numbered(ii, cond, e) AS ("
+"  SELECT 0, 'n.ii=0', 'NULL'"
+"    UNION ALL "
+"  SELECT row_number() OVER (),"
+"      '(n.ii='||row_number() OVER ()||COALESCE(' AND '||p||')', ')'), e"
+"  FROM expr"
+")"
+", counter_with(w) AS ("
+"    SELECT 'WITH intck_counter(ii) AS (\n  ' || "
+"       group_concat('SELECT '||ii, ' UNION ALL\n  ') "
+"    || '\n)' FROM numbered"
+")"
+""
+", case_statement(c) AS ("
+"    SELECT 'CASE ' || "
+"    group_concat(format('\n  WHEN %%s THEN (%%s)', cond, e), '') ||"
+"    '\nEND AS error_message'"
+"    FROM numbered"
+")"
+""
+/* This table contains a single row consisting of a single value -
+** the text of an SQL expression that may be used by the main SQL
+** statement to output an SQL literal that can be used to resume
+** the scan if it is suspended. e.g. for a rowid table, an expression
+** like:
+**
+**     format('(%d,%d)', _rowid_, n.ii)
+*/
+", thiskey(k, n) AS ("
+"    SELECT o_pk || ', ii', n_pk+1 FROM tabpk"
+")"
+""
+", whereclause(w_c) AS ("
+"    SELECT CASE WHEN prev!='' THEN "
+"    '\nWHERE (' || o_pk ||', n.ii) > ' || prev"
+"    ELSE ''"
+"    END"
+"    FROM tabpk, tabname"
+")"
+""
+", main_select(m, n) AS ("
+"  SELECT format("
+"      '%%s, %%s\nSELECT %%s,\n%%s\nFROM intck_wrapper AS o"
+", intck_counter AS n%%s\nORDER BY %%s', "
+"      w, ww.s, c, thiskey.k, whereclause.w_c, t.o_pk"
+"  ), thiskey.n"
+"  FROM case_statement, tabpk t, counter_with, "
+"       wrapper_with ww, thiskey, whereclause"
+")"
+"SELECT m, n FROM main_select",
+p->zDb, zObj, zPrev, zCommon
+);
+}
+while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+zRet = intckMprintf(p, "%s", (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+if( pnKeyVal ){
+*pnKeyVal = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 1);
+}
+}
+intckFinalize(p, pStmt);
+if( bAutoIndex ) intckExec(p, "PRAGMA automatic_index = 1");
+return zRet;
+}
+/*
+** Open a new integrity-check object.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_open(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle to operate on */
+const char *zDbArg,             /* "main", "temp" etc. */
+sqlite3_intck **ppOut           /* OUT: New integrity-check handle */
+){
+sqlite3_intck *pNew = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const char *zDb = zDbArg ? zDbArg : "main";
+int nDb = (int)strlen(zDb);
+pNew = (sqlite3_intck*)sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(*pNew) + nDb + 1);
+if( pNew==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
+pNew->db = db;
+pNew->zDb = (const char*)&pNew[1];
+memcpy(&pNew[1], zDb, nDb+1);
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "parse_create_index",
+2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, intckParseCreateIndexFunc, 0, 0
+);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_intck_close(pNew);
+pNew = 0;
+}
+}
+*ppOut = pNew;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Free the integrity-check object.
+*/
+void sqlite3_intck_close(sqlite3_intck *p){
+if( p ){
+sqlite3_finalize(p->pCheck);
+sqlite3_create_function(
+p->db, "parse_create_index", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, 0, 0, 0
+);
+sqlite3_free(p->zObj);
+sqlite3_free(p->zKey);
+sqlite3_free(p->zTestSql);
+sqlite3_free(p->zErr);
+sqlite3_free(p->zMessage);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Step the integrity-check object.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_step(sqlite3_intck *p){
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( p->zMessage ){
+sqlite3_free(p->zMessage);
+p->zMessage = 0;
+}
+if( p->bCorruptSchema ){
+p->rc = SQLITE_DONE;
+}else
+if( p->pCheck==0 ){
+intckFindObject(p);
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( p->zObj ){
+char *zSql = 0;
+zSql = intckCheckObjectSql(p, p->zObj, p->zKey, &p->nKeyVal);
+p->pCheck = intckPrepare(p, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+sqlite3_free(p->zKey);
+p->zKey = 0;
+}else{
+p->rc = SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+}else if( p->rc==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
+p->zMessage = intckMprintf(p, "%s",
+"corruption found while reading database schema"
+);
+p->bCorruptSchema = 1;
+}
+}
+if( p->pCheck ){
+assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
+if( sqlite3_step(p->pCheck)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+/* Normal case, do nothing. */
+}else{
+intckFinalize(p, p->pCheck);
+p->pCheck = 0;
+p->nKeyVal = 0;
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+p->rc = SQLITE_OK;
+p->zMessage = intckMprintf(p,
+"corruption found while scanning database object %s", p->zObj
+);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+return p->rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return a message describing the corruption encountered by the most recent
+** call to sqlite3_intck_step(), or NULL if no corruption was encountered.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_intck_message(sqlite3_intck *p){
+assert( p->pCheck==0 || p->zMessage==0 );
+if( p->zMessage ){
+return p->zMessage;
+}
+if( p->pCheck ){
+return (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(p->pCheck, 0);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Return the error code and message.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_error(sqlite3_intck *p, const char **pzErr){
+if( pzErr ) *pzErr = p->zErr;
+return (p->rc==SQLITE_DONE ? SQLITE_OK : p->rc);
+}
+/*
+** Close any read transaction the integrity-check object is holding open
+** on the database.
+*/
+int sqlite3_intck_unlock(sqlite3_intck *p){
+if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && p->pCheck ){
+assert( p->zKey==0 && p->nKeyVal>0 );
+intckSaveKey(p);
+intckFinalize(p, p->pCheck);
+p->pCheck = 0;
+}
+return p->rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the SQL statement used to check object zObj. Or, if zObj is
+** NULL, the current SQL statement.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_intck_test_sql(sqlite3_intck *p, const char *zObj){
+sqlite3_free(p->zTestSql);
+if( zObj ){
+p->zTestSql = intckCheckObjectSql(p, zObj, 0, 0);
+}else{
+if( p->zObj ){
+p->zTestSql = intckCheckObjectSql(p, p->zObj, p->zKey, 0);
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(p->zTestSql);
+p->zTestSql = 0;
+}
+}
+return p->zTestSql;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/intck/sqlite3intck.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/stmtrand.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2024-05-24
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** An SQL function that return pseudo-random non-negative integers.
+**
+**      SELECT stmtrand(123);
+**
+** A special feature of this function is that the same sequence of random
+** integers is returned for each invocation of the statement.  This makes
+** the results repeatable, and hence useful for testing.  The argument is
+** an integer which is the seed for the random number sequence.  The seed
+** is used by the first invocation of this function only and is ignored
+** for all subsequent calls within the same statement.
+**
+** Resetting a statement (sqlite3_reset()) also resets the random number
+** sequence.
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3ext.h" */
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+/* State of the pseudo-random number generator */
+typedef struct Stmtrand {
+unsigned int x, y;
+} Stmtrand;
+/* auxdata key */
+#define STMTRAND_KEY  (-4418371)
+/*
+** Function:     stmtrand(SEED)
+**
+** Return a pseudo-random number.
+*/
+static void stmtrandFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+Stmtrand *p;
+p = (Stmtrand*)sqlite3_get_auxdata(context, STMTRAND_KEY);
+if( p==0 ){
+unsigned int seed;
+p = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*p) );
+if( p==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+if( argc>=1 ){
+seed = (unsigned int)sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+}else{
+seed = 0;
+}
+p->x = seed | 1;
+p->y = seed;
+sqlite3_set_auxdata(context, STMTRAND_KEY, p, sqlite3_free);
+p = (Stmtrand*)sqlite3_get_auxdata(context, STMTRAND_KEY);
+if( p==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+}
+p->x = (p->x>>1) ^ ((1+~(p->x&1)) & 0xd0000001);
+p->y = p->y*1103515245 + 12345;
+sqlite3_result_int(context, (int)((p->x ^ p->y)&0x7fffffff));
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_stmtrand_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
+(void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "stmtrand", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+stmtrandFunc, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "stmtrand", 0, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+stmtrandFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/stmtrand.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/misc/vfstrace.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2011 March 16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This file contains code implements a VFS shim that writes diagnostic
+** output for each VFS call, similar to "strace".
+**
+** USAGE:
+**
+** This source file exports a single symbol which is the name of a
+** function:
+**
+**   int vfstrace_register(
+**     const char *zTraceName,         // Name of the newly constructed VFS
+**     const char *zOldVfsName,        // Name of the underlying VFS
+**     int (*xOut)(const char*,void*), // Output routine.  ex: fputs
+**     void *pOutArg,                  // 2nd argument to xOut.  ex: stderr
+**     int makeDefault                 // Make the new VFS the default
+**   );
+**
+** Applications that want to trace their VFS usage must provide a callback
+** function with this prototype:
+**
+**   int traceOutput(const char *zMessage, void *pAppData);
+**
+** This function will "output" the trace messages, where "output" can
+** mean different things to different applications.  The traceOutput function
+** for the command-line shell (see shell.c) is "fputs" from the standard
+** library, which means that all trace output is written on the stream
+** specified by the second argument.  In the case of the command-line shell
+** the second argument is stderr.  Other applications might choose to output
+** trace information to a file, over a socket, or write it into a buffer.
+**
+** The vfstrace_register() function creates a new "shim" VFS named by
+** the zTraceName parameter.  A "shim" VFS is an SQLite backend that does
+** not really perform the duties of a true backend, but simply filters or
+** interprets VFS calls before passing them off to another VFS which does
+** the actual work.  In this case the other VFS - the one that does the
+** real work - is identified by the second parameter, zOldVfsName.  If
+** the 2nd parameter is NULL then the default VFS is used.  The common
+** case is for the 2nd parameter to be NULL.
+**
+** The third and fourth parameters are the pointer to the output function
+** and the second argument to the output function.  For the SQLite
+** command-line shell, when the -vfstrace option is used, these parameters
+** are fputs and stderr, respectively.
+**
+** The fifth argument is true (non-zero) to cause the newly created VFS
+** to become the default VFS.  The common case is for the fifth parameter
+** to be true.
+**
+** The call to vfstrace_register() simply creates the shim VFS that does
+** tracing.  The application must also arrange to use the new VFS for
+** all database connections that are created and for which tracing is
+** desired.  This can be done by specifying the trace VFS using URI filename
+** notation, or by specifying the trace VFS as the 4th parameter to
+** sqlite3_open_v2() or by making the trace VFS be the default (by setting
+** the 5th parameter of vfstrace_register() to 1).
+**
+**
+** ENABLING VFSTRACE IN A COMMAND-LINE SHELL
+**
+** The SQLite command line shell implemented by the shell.c source file
+** can be used with this module.  To compile in -vfstrace support, first
+** gather this file (test_vfstrace.c), the shell source file (shell.c),
+** and the SQLite amalgamation source files (sqlite3.c, sqlite3.h) into
+** the working directory.  Then compile using a command like the following:
+**
+**    gcc -o sqlite3 -Os -I. -DSQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE \
+**        -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE \
+**        -DHAVE_READLINE -DHAVE_USLEEP=1 \
+**        shell.c test_vfstrace.c sqlite3.c -ldl -lreadline -lncurses
+**
+** The gcc command above works on Linux and provides (in addition to the
+** -vfstrace option) support for FTS3 and FTS4, RTREE, and command-line
+** editing using the readline library.  The command-line shell does not
+** use threads so we added -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 just to make the code
+** run a little faster.   For compiling on a Mac, you'll probably need
+** to omit the -DHAVE_READLINE, the -lreadline, and the -lncurses options.
+** The compilation could be simplified to just this:
+**
+**    gcc -DSQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE \
+**         shell.c test_vfstrace.c sqlite3.c -ldl -lpthread
+**
+** In this second example, all unnecessary options have been removed
+** Note that since the code is now threadsafe, we had to add the -lpthread
+** option to pull in the pthreads library.
+**
+** To cross-compile for windows using MinGW, a command like this might
+** work:
+**
+**    /opt/mingw/bin/i386-mingw32msvc-gcc -o sqlite3.exe -Os -I \
+**         -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE \
+**         shell.c test_vfstrace.c sqlite3.c
+**
+** Similar compiler commands will work on different systems.  The key
+** invariants are (1) you must have -DSQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE so that
+** the shell.c source file will know to include the -vfstrace command-line
+** option and (2) you must compile and link the three source files
+** shell,c, test_vfstrace.c, and sqlite3.c.
+**
+** RUNTIME CONTROL OF VFSTRACE OUTPUT
+**
+** The application can use the "vfstrace" pragma to control which VFS
+** APIs are traced.  To disable all output:
+**
+**    PRAGMA vfstrace('-all');
+**
+** To enable all output (which is the default setting):
+**
+**    PRAGMA vfstrace('+all');
+**
+** Individual APIs can be enabled or disabled by name, with or without
+** the initial "x" character.  For example, to set up for tracing lock
+** primitives only:
+**
+**    PRAGMA vfstrace('-all, +Lock,Unlock,ShmLock');
+**
+** The argument to the vfstrace pragma ignores capitalization and any
+** characters other than alphabetics, '+', and '-'.
+*/
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+/*
+** An instance of this structure is attached to the each trace VFS to
+** provide auxiliary information.
+*/
+typedef struct vfstrace_info vfstrace_info;
+struct vfstrace_info {
+sqlite3_vfs *pRootVfs;              /* The underlying real VFS */
+int (*xOut)(const char*, void*);    /* Send output here */
+unsigned int mTrace;                /* Mask of interfaces to trace */
+u8 bOn;                             /* Tracing on/off */
+void *pOutArg;                      /* First argument to xOut */
+const char *zVfsName;               /* Name of this trace-VFS */
+sqlite3_vfs *pTraceVfs;             /* Pointer back to the trace VFS */
+};
+/*
+** The sqlite3_file object for the trace VFS
+*/
+typedef struct vfstrace_file vfstrace_file;
+struct vfstrace_file {
+sqlite3_file base;        /* Base class.  Must be first */
+vfstrace_info *pInfo;     /* The trace-VFS to which this file belongs */
+const char *zFName;       /* Base name of the file */
+sqlite3_file *pReal;      /* The real underlying file */
+};
+/*
+** Bit values for vfstrace_info.mTrace.
+*/
+#define VTR_CLOSE           0x00000001
+#define VTR_READ            0x00000002
+#define VTR_WRITE           0x00000004
+#define VTR_TRUNC           0x00000008
+#define VTR_SYNC            0x00000010
+#define VTR_FSIZE           0x00000020
+#define VTR_LOCK            0x00000040
+#define VTR_UNLOCK          0x00000080
+#define VTR_CRL             0x00000100
+#define VTR_FCTRL           0x00000200
+#define VTR_SECSZ           0x00000400
+#define VTR_DEVCHAR         0x00000800
+#define VTR_SHMLOCK         0x00001000
+#define VTR_SHMMAP          0x00002000
+#define VTR_SHMBAR          0x00004000
+#define VTR_SHMUNMAP        0x00008000
+#define VTR_OPEN            0x00010000
+#define VTR_DELETE          0x00020000
+#define VTR_ACCESS          0x00040000
+#define VTR_FULLPATH        0x00080000
+#define VTR_DLOPEN          0x00100000
+#define VTR_DLERR           0x00200000
+#define VTR_DLSYM           0x00400000
+#define VTR_DLCLOSE         0x00800000
+#define VTR_RAND            0x01000000
+#define VTR_SLEEP           0x02000000
+#define VTR_CURTIME         0x04000000
+#define VTR_LASTERR         0x08000000
+#define VTR_FETCH           0x10000000   /* Also coverse xUnfetch */
+/*
+** Method declarations for vfstrace_file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceClose(sqlite3_file*);
+static int vfstraceRead(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+static int vfstraceWrite(sqlite3_file*,const void*,int iAmt, sqlite3_int64);
+static int vfstraceTruncate(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
+static int vfstraceSync(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
+static int vfstraceFileSize(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
+static int vfstraceLock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int vfstraceUnlock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int vfstraceCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file*, int *);
+static int vfstraceFileControl(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
+static int vfstraceSectorSize(sqlite3_file*);
+static int vfstraceDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file*);
+static int vfstraceShmLock(sqlite3_file*,int,int,int);
+static int vfstraceShmMap(sqlite3_file*,int,int,int, void volatile **);
+static void vfstraceShmBarrier(sqlite3_file*);
+static int vfstraceShmUnmap(sqlite3_file*,int);
+/*
+** Method declarations for vfstrace_vfs.
+*/
+static int vfstraceOpen(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *, sqlite3_file*, int , int *);
+static int vfstraceDelete(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
+static int vfstraceAccess(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *);
+static int vfstraceFullPathname(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int, char *);
+static void *vfstraceDlOpen(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
+static void vfstraceDlError(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
+static void (*vfstraceDlSym(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
+static void vfstraceDlClose(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
+static int vfstraceRandomness(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
+static int vfstraceSleep(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
+static int vfstraceCurrentTime(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
+static int vfstraceGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char*);
+static int vfstraceCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
+static int vfstraceSetSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*,const char*, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
+static sqlite3_syscall_ptr vfstraceGetSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *);
+static const char *vfstraceNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
+/*
+** Return a pointer to the tail of the pathname.  Examples:
+**
+**     /home/drh/xyzzy.txt -> xyzzy.txt
+**     xyzzy.txt           -> xyzzy.txt
+*/
+static const char *fileTail(const char *z){
+size_t i;
+if( z==0 ) return 0;
+i = strlen(z)-1;
+while( i>0 && z[i-1]!='/' ){ i--; }
+return &z[i];
+}
+/*
+** Send trace output defined by zFormat and subsequent arguments.
+*/
+static void vfstrace_printf(
+vfstrace_info *pInfo,
+const char *zFormat,
+...
+){
+va_list ap;
+char *zMsg;
+if( pInfo->bOn ){
+va_start(ap, zFormat);
+zMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+pInfo->xOut(zMsg, pInfo->pOutArg);
+sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Try to convert an error code into a symbolic name for that error code.
+*/
+static const char *vfstrace_errcode_name(int rc ){
+const char *zVal = 0;
+switch( rc ){
+case SQLITE_OK:                 zVal = "SQLITE_OK";                 break;
+case SQLITE_INTERNAL:           zVal = "SQLITE_INTERNAL";           break;
+case SQLITE_ERROR:              zVal = "SQLITE_ERROR";              break;
+case SQLITE_PERM:               zVal = "SQLITE_PERM";               break;
+case SQLITE_ABORT:              zVal = "SQLITE_ABORT";              break;
+case SQLITE_BUSY:               zVal = "SQLITE_BUSY";               break;
+case SQLITE_LOCKED:             zVal = "SQLITE_LOCKED";             break;
+case SQLITE_NOMEM:              zVal = "SQLITE_NOMEM";              break;
+case SQLITE_READONLY:           zVal = "SQLITE_READONLY";           break;
+case SQLITE_INTERRUPT:          zVal = "SQLITE_INTERRUPT";          break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR:              zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR";              break;
+case SQLITE_CORRUPT:            zVal = "SQLITE_CORRUPT";            break;
+case SQLITE_NOTFOUND:           zVal = "SQLITE_NOTFOUND";           break;
+case SQLITE_FULL:               zVal = "SQLITE_FULL";               break;
+case SQLITE_CANTOPEN:           zVal = "SQLITE_CANTOPEN";           break;
+case SQLITE_PROTOCOL:           zVal = "SQLITE_PROTOCOL";           break;
+case SQLITE_EMPTY:              zVal = "SQLITE_EMPTY";              break;
+case SQLITE_SCHEMA:             zVal = "SQLITE_SCHEMA";             break;
+case SQLITE_TOOBIG:             zVal = "SQLITE_TOOBIG";             break;
+case SQLITE_CONSTRAINT:         zVal = "SQLITE_CONSTRAINT";         break;
+case SQLITE_MISMATCH:           zVal = "SQLITE_MISMATCH";           break;
+case SQLITE_MISUSE:             zVal = "SQLITE_MISUSE";             break;
+case SQLITE_NOLFS:              zVal = "SQLITE_NOLFS";              break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_READ:         zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_READ";         break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ:   zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ";   break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE:        zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE";        break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC:        zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC";        break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC:    zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC";    break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE:     zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE";     break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT:        zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT";        break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK:       zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK";       break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK:       zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK";       break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE:       zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE";       break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED:      zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED";      break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM:        zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM";        break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS:       zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS";       break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK:
+zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK"; break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK:         zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK";         break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE:        zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE";        break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE:    zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE";    break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN:      zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN";      break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE:      zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE";      break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK:      zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK";      break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP:       zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP";       break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK:         zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK";         break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH:  zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH";  break;
+case SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH:     zVal = "SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH";     break;
+case SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED:   zVal = "SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED";   break;
+case SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE: zVal = "SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE"; break;
+case SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY:      zVal = "SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY";      break;
+case SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR: zVal = "SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR"; break;
+}
+return zVal;
+}
+/*
+** Convert value rc into a string and print it using zFormat.  zFormat
+** should have exactly one %s
+*/
+static void vfstrace_print_errcode(
+vfstrace_info *pInfo,
+const char *zFormat,
+int rc
+){
+const char *zVal;
+char zBuf[50];
+zVal = vfstrace_errcode_name(rc);
+if( zVal==0 ){
+zVal = vfstrace_errcode_name(rc&0xff);
+if( zVal ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%s | 0x%x", zVal, rc&0xffff00);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%d (0x%x)", rc, rc);
+}
+zVal = zBuf;
+}
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, zFormat, zVal);
+}
+/*
+** Append to a buffer.
+*/
+static void strappend(char *z, int *pI, const char *zAppend){
+int i = *pI;
+while( zAppend[0] ){ z[i++] = *(zAppend++); }
+z[i] = 0;
+*pI = i;
+}
+/*
+** Turn tracing output on or off according to mMask.
+*/
+static void vfstraceOnOff(vfstrace_info *pInfo, unsigned int mMask){
+pInfo->bOn = (pInfo->mTrace & mMask)!=0;
+}
+/*
+** Close an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceClose(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_CLOSE);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xClose(%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xClose(p->pReal);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_free((void*)p->base.pMethods);
+p->base.pMethods = 0;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Read data from an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceRead(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+void *zBuf,
+int iAmt,
+sqlite_int64 iOfst
+){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_READ);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xRead(%s,n=%d,ofst=%lld)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, iAmt, iOfst);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xRead(p->pReal, zBuf, iAmt, iOfst);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Write data to an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceWrite(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+const void *zBuf,
+int iAmt,
+sqlite_int64 iOfst
+){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_WRITE);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xWrite(%s,n=%d,ofst=%lld)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, iAmt, iOfst);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xWrite(p->pReal, zBuf, iAmt, iOfst);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Truncate an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceTruncate(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite_int64 size){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_TRUNC);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xTruncate(%s,%lld)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName,
+size);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xTruncate(p->pReal, size);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> %d\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Sync an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceSync(sqlite3_file *pFile, int flags){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+int i;
+char zBuf[100];
+memcpy(zBuf, "|0", 3);
+i = 0;
+if( flags & SQLITE_SYNC_FULL )        strappend(zBuf, &i, "|FULL");
+else if( flags & SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL ) strappend(zBuf, &i, "|NORMAL");
+if( flags & SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY )    strappend(zBuf, &i, "|DATAONLY");
+if( flags & ~(SQLITE_SYNC_FULL|SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY) ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf)-i, &zBuf[i], "|0x%x", flags);
+}
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SYNC);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xSync(%s,%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName,
+&zBuf[1]);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xSync(p->pReal, flags);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> %d\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the current file-size of an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceFileSize(sqlite3_file *pFile, sqlite_int64 *pSize){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_FSIZE);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xFileSize(%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xFileSize(p->pReal, pSize);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s,", rc);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " size=%lld\n", *pSize);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the name of a lock.
+*/
+static const char *lockName(int eLock){
+const char *azLockNames[] = {
+"NONE", "SHARED", "RESERVED", "PENDING", "EXCLUSIVE"
+};
+if( eLock<0 || eLock>=(int)(sizeof(azLockNames)/sizeof(azLockNames[0])) ){
+return "???";
+}else{
+return azLockNames[eLock];
+}
+}
+/*
+** Lock an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int eLock){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_LOCK);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xLock(%s,%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName,
+lockName(eLock));
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xLock(p->pReal, eLock);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Unlock an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceUnlock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int eLock){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_UNLOCK);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xUnlock(%s,%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName,
+lockName(eLock));
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xUnlock(p->pReal, eLock);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Check if another file-handle holds a RESERVED lock on an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int *pResOut){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_CRL);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xCheckReservedLock(%s,%d)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xCheckReservedLock(p->pReal, pResOut);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s", rc);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, ", out=%d\n", *pResOut);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** File control method. For custom operations on an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceFileControl(sqlite3_file *pFile, int op, void *pArg){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+char zBuf[100];
+char zBuf2[100];
+char *zOp;
+char *zRVal = 0;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_FCTRL);
+switch( op ){
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE:           zOp = "LOCKSTATE";           break;
+case SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE:         zOp = "GET_LOCKPROXYFILE";   break;
+case SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE:         zOp = "SET_LOCKPROXYFILE";   break;
+case SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO:                zOp = "LAST_ERRNO";          break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "SIZE_HINT,%lld",
+*(sqlite3_int64*)pArg);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "CHUNK_SIZE,%d", *(int*)pArg);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER:        zOp = "FILE_POINTER";        break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY:      zOp = "WIN32_AV_RETRY";      break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "PERSIST_WAL,%d", *(int*)pArg);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE:           zOp = "OVERWRITE";           break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME:             zOp = "VFSNAME";             break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE: zOp = "POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE"; break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA: {
+const char *const* a = (const char*const*)pArg;
+if( a[1] && strcmp(a[1],"vfstrace")==0 && a[2] ){
+const u8 *zArg = (const u8*)a[2];
+if( zArg[0]>='0' && zArg[0]<='9' ){
+pInfo->mTrace = (sqlite3_uint64)strtoll(a[2], 0, 0);
+}else{
+static const struct {
+const char *z;
+unsigned int m;
+} aKw[] = {
+{ "all",                   0xffffffff   },
+{ "close",                 VTR_CLOSE    },
+{ "read",                  VTR_READ     },
+{ "write",                 VTR_WRITE    },
+{ "truncate",              VTR_TRUNC    },
+{ "sync",                  VTR_SYNC     },
+{ "filesize",              VTR_FSIZE    },
+{ "lock",                  VTR_LOCK     },
+{ "unlock",                VTR_UNLOCK   },
+{ "checkreservedlock",     VTR_CRL      },
+{ "filecontrol",           VTR_FCTRL    },
+{ "sectorsize",            VTR_SECSZ    },
+{ "devicecharacteristics", VTR_DEVCHAR  },
+{ "shmlock",               VTR_SHMLOCK  },
+{ "shmmap",                VTR_SHMMAP   },
+{ "shmummap",              VTR_SHMUNMAP },
+{ "shmbarrier",            VTR_SHMBAR   },
+{ "open",                  VTR_OPEN     },
+{ "delete",                VTR_DELETE   },
+{ "access",                VTR_ACCESS   },
+{ "fullpathname",          VTR_FULLPATH },
+{ "dlopen",                VTR_DLOPEN   },
+{ "dlerror",               VTR_DLERR    },
+{ "dlsym",                 VTR_DLSYM    },
+{ "dlclose",               VTR_DLCLOSE  },
+{ "randomness",            VTR_RAND     },
+{ "sleep",                 VTR_SLEEP    },
+{ "currenttime",           VTR_CURTIME  },
+{ "currenttimeint64",      VTR_CURTIME  },
+{ "getlasterror",          VTR_LASTERR  },
+{ "fetch",                 VTR_FETCH    },
+};
+int onOff = 1;
+while( zArg[0] ){
+int jj, n;
+while( zArg[0]!=0 && zArg[0]!='-' && zArg[0]!='+'
+&& !isalpha(zArg[0]) ) zArg++;
+if( zArg[0]==0 ) break;
+if( zArg[0]=='-' ){
+onOff = 0;
+zArg++;
+}else if( zArg[0]=='+' ){
+onOff = 1;
+zArg++;
+}
+while( !isalpha(zArg[0]) ){
+if( zArg[0]==0 ) break;
+zArg++;
+}
+if( zArg[0]=='x' && isalpha(zArg[1]) ) zArg++;
+for(n=0; isalpha(zArg[n]); n++){}
+for(jj=0; jj<(int)(sizeof(aKw)/sizeof(aKw[0])); jj++){
+if( sqlite3_strnicmp(aKw[jj].z,(const char*)zArg,n)==0 ){
+if( onOff ){
+pInfo->mTrace |= aKw[jj].m;
+}else{
+pInfo->mTrace &= ~aKw[jj].m;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+zArg += n;
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "PRAGMA,[%s,%s]",a[1],a[2]);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER:         zOp = "BUSYHANDLER";         break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME:        zOp = "TEMPFILENAME";        break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE: {
+sqlite3_int64 iMMap = *(sqlite3_int64*)pArg;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "MMAP_SIZE,%lld",iMMap);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE:               zOp = "TRACE";               break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED:           zOp = "HAS_MOVED";           break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC:                zOp = "SYNC";                break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO:     zOp = "COMMIT_PHASETWO";     break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE:    zOp = "WIN32_SET_HANDLE";    break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK:           zOp = "WAL_BLOCK";           break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS:              zOp = "ZIPVFS";              break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU:                 zOp = "RBU";                 break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER:         zOp = "VFS_POINTER";         break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER:     zOp = "JOURNAL_POINTER";     break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE:    zOp = "WIN32_GET_HANDLE";    break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB:                 zOp = "PDB";                 break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE:  zOp = "BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE";  break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE: zOp = "COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE"; break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE: {
+zOp = "ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE";
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "LOCK_TIMEOUT,%d", *(int*)pArg);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION:        zOp = "DATA_VERSION";        break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT:          zOp = "SIZE_LIMIT";          break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE:           zOp = "CKPT_DONE";           break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES:       zOp = "RESERVED_BYTES";      break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START:          zOp = "CKPT_START";          break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER:     zOp = "EXTERNAL_READER";     break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE:           zOp = "CKSM_FILE";           break;
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE:         zOp = "RESET_CACHE";         break;
+case 0xca093fa0:                       zOp = "DB_UNCHANGED";        break;
+default: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof zBuf, zBuf, "%d", op);
+zOp = zBuf;
+break;
+}
+}
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xFileControl(%s,%s)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, zOp);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xFileControl(p->pReal, op, pArg);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+switch( op ){
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME: {
+*(char**)pArg = sqlite3_mprintf("vfstrace.%s/%z",
+pInfo->zVfsName, *(char**)pArg);
+zRVal = *(char**)pArg;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf2), zBuf2, "%lld", *(sqlite3_int64*)pArg);
+zRVal = zBuf2;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED:
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL: {
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf2), zBuf2, "%d", *(int*)pArg);
+zRVal = zBuf2;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA:
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME: {
+zRVal = *(char**)pArg;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+if( zRVal ){
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s", rc);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, ", %s\n", zRVal);
+}else{
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the sector-size in bytes for an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceSectorSize(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SECSZ);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xSectorSize(%s)", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xSectorSize(p->pReal);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> %d\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the device characteristic flags supported by an vfstrace-file.
+*/
+static int vfstraceDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_DEVCHAR);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDeviceCharacteristics(%s)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xDeviceCharacteristics(p->pReal);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> 0x%08x\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Shared-memory operations.
+*/
+static int vfstraceShmLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int ofst, int n, int flags){
+static const char *azLockName[] = {
+"WRITE",
+"CKPT",
+"RECOVER",
+"READ0",
+"READ1",
+"READ2",
+"READ3",
+"READ4",
+};
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+char zLck[100];
+int i = 0;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SHMLOCK);
+memcpy(zLck, "|0", 3);
+if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK )    strappend(zLck, &i, "|UNLOCK");
+if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_LOCK )      strappend(zLck, &i, "|LOCK");
+if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_SHARED )    strappend(zLck, &i, "|SHARED");
+if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE ) strappend(zLck, &i, "|EXCLUSIVE");
+if( flags & ~(0xf) ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLck)-i, &zLck[i], "|0x%x", flags);
+}
+if( ofst>=0 && ofst<(int)(sizeof(azLockName)/sizeof(azLockName[0])) ){
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xShmLock(%s,ofst=%d(%s),n=%d,%s)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, ofst, azLockName[ofst],
+n, &zLck[1]);
+}else{
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xShmLock(%s,ofst=5d,n=%d,%s)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, ofst,
+n, &zLck[1]);
+}
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xShmLock(p->pReal, ofst, n, flags);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+static int vfstraceShmMap(
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+int iRegion,
+int szRegion,
+int isWrite,
+void volatile **pp
+){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SHMMAP);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xShmMap(%s,iRegion=%d,szRegion=%d,isWrite=%d,*)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, iRegion, szRegion, isWrite);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xShmMap(p->pReal, iRegion, szRegion, isWrite, pp);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+static void vfstraceShmBarrier(sqlite3_file *pFile){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SHMBAR);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xShmBarrier(%s)\n", pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName);
+p->pReal->pMethods->xShmBarrier(p->pReal);
+}
+static int vfstraceShmUnmap(sqlite3_file *pFile, int delFlag){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SHMUNMAP);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xShmUnmap(%s,delFlag=%d)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, delFlag);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xShmUnmap(p->pReal, delFlag);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+static int vfstraceFetch(sqlite3_file *pFile, i64 iOff, int nAmt, void **pptr){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_FETCH);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xFetch(%s,iOff=%lld,nAmt=%d,p=%p)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, iOff, nAmt, *pptr);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xFetch(p->pReal, iOff, nAmt, pptr);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+static int vfstraceUnfetch(sqlite3_file *pFile, i64 iOff, void *ptr){
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = p->pInfo;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_FETCH);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xUnfetch(%s,iOff=%lld,p=%p)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, iOff, ptr);
+rc = p->pReal->pMethods->xUnfetch(p->pReal, iOff, ptr);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Open an vfstrace file handle.
+*/
+static int vfstraceOpen(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zName,
+sqlite3_file *pFile,
+int flags,
+int *pOutFlags
+){
+int rc;
+vfstrace_file *p = (vfstrace_file *)pFile;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+p->pInfo = pInfo;
+p->zFName = zName ? fileTail(zName) : "<temp>";
+p->pReal = (sqlite3_file *)&p[1];
+rc = pRoot->xOpen(pRoot, zName, p->pReal, flags, pOutFlags);
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_OPEN);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xOpen(%s,flags=0x%x)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, p->zFName, flags);
+if( p->pReal->pMethods ){
+sqlite3_io_methods *pNew = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*pNew) );
+const sqlite3_io_methods *pSub = p->pReal->pMethods;
+memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));
+pNew->iVersion = pSub->iVersion;
+pNew->xClose = vfstraceClose;
+pNew->xRead = vfstraceRead;
+pNew->xWrite = vfstraceWrite;
+pNew->xTruncate = vfstraceTruncate;
+pNew->xSync = vfstraceSync;
+pNew->xFileSize = vfstraceFileSize;
+pNew->xLock = vfstraceLock;
+pNew->xUnlock = vfstraceUnlock;
+pNew->xCheckReservedLock = vfstraceCheckReservedLock;
+pNew->xFileControl = vfstraceFileControl;
+pNew->xSectorSize = vfstraceSectorSize;
+pNew->xDeviceCharacteristics = vfstraceDeviceCharacteristics;
+if( pNew->iVersion>=2 ){
+pNew->xShmMap = pSub->xShmMap ? vfstraceShmMap : 0;
+pNew->xShmLock = pSub->xShmLock ? vfstraceShmLock : 0;
+pNew->xShmBarrier = pSub->xShmBarrier ? vfstraceShmBarrier : 0;
+pNew->xShmUnmap = pSub->xShmUnmap ? vfstraceShmUnmap : 0;
+}
+if( pNew->iVersion>=3 ){
+pNew->xFetch = pSub->xFetch ? vfstraceFetch : 0;
+pNew->xUnfetch = pSub->xUnfetch ? vfstraceUnfetch : 0;
+}
+pFile->pMethods = pNew;
+}
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s", rc);
+if( pOutFlags ){
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, ", outFlags=0x%x\n", *pOutFlags);
+}else{
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "\n");
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Delete the file located at zPath. If the dirSync argument is true,
+** ensure the file-system modifications are synced to disk before
+** returning.
+*/
+static int vfstraceDelete(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zPath, int dirSync){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_DELETE);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDelete(\"%s\",%d)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, zPath, dirSync);
+rc = pRoot->xDelete(pRoot, zPath, dirSync);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s\n", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Test for access permissions. Return true if the requested permission
+** is available, or false otherwise.
+*/
+static int vfstraceAccess(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zPath,
+int flags,
+int *pResOut
+){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_ACCESS);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xAccess(\"%s\",%d)",
+pInfo->zVfsName, zPath, flags);
+rc = pRoot->xAccess(pRoot, zPath, flags, pResOut);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s", rc);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, ", out=%d\n", *pResOut);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Populate buffer zOut with the full canonical pathname corresponding
+** to the pathname in zPath. zOut is guaranteed to point to a buffer
+** of at least (DEVSYM_MAX_PATHNAME+1) bytes.
+*/
+static int vfstraceFullPathname(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zPath,
+int nOut,
+char *zOut
+){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_FULLPATH);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xFullPathname(\"%s\")",
+pInfo->zVfsName, zPath);
+rc = pRoot->xFullPathname(pRoot, zPath, nOut, zOut);
+vfstrace_print_errcode(pInfo, " -> %s", rc);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, ", out=\"%.*s\"\n", nOut, zOut);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Open the dynamic library located at zPath and return a handle.
+*/
+static void *vfstraceDlOpen(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zPath){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_DLOPEN);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDlOpen(\"%s\")\n", pInfo->zVfsName, zPath);
+return pRoot->xDlOpen(pRoot, zPath);
+}
+/*
+** Populate the buffer zErrMsg (size nByte bytes) with a human readable
+** utf-8 string describing the most recent error encountered associated
+** with dynamic libraries.
+*/
+static void vfstraceDlError(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nByte, char *zErrMsg){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_DLERR);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDlError(%d)", pInfo->zVfsName, nByte);
+pRoot->xDlError(pRoot, nByte, zErrMsg);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> \"%s\"", zErrMsg);
+}
+/*
+** Return a pointer to the symbol zSymbol in the dynamic library pHandle.
+*/
+static void (*vfstraceDlSym(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,void *p,const char *zSym))(void){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDlSym(\"%s\")\n", pInfo->zVfsName, zSym);
+return pRoot->xDlSym(pRoot, p, zSym);
+}
+/*
+** Close the dynamic library handle pHandle.
+*/
+static void vfstraceDlClose(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, void *pHandle){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_DLCLOSE);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xDlClose()\n", pInfo->zVfsName);
+pRoot->xDlClose(pRoot, pHandle);
+}
+/*
+** Populate the buffer pointed to by zBufOut with nByte bytes of
+** random data.
+*/
+static int vfstraceRandomness(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nByte, char *zBufOut){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_RAND);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xRandomness(%d)\n", pInfo->zVfsName, nByte);
+return pRoot->xRandomness(pRoot, nByte, zBufOut);
+}
+/*
+** Sleep for nMicro microseconds. Return the number of microseconds
+** actually slept.
+*/
+static int vfstraceSleep(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nMicro){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_SLEEP);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xSleep(%d)\n", pInfo->zVfsName, nMicro);
+return pRoot->xSleep(pRoot, nMicro);
+}
+/*
+** Return the current time as a Julian Day number in *pTimeOut.
+*/
+static int vfstraceCurrentTime(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, double *pTimeOut){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_CURTIME);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xCurrentTime()", pInfo->zVfsName);
+rc = pRoot->xCurrentTime(pRoot, pTimeOut);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> %.17g\n", *pTimeOut);
+return rc;
+}
+static int vfstraceCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, sqlite3_int64 *pTimeOut){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_CURTIME);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xCurrentTimeInt64()", pInfo->zVfsName);
+rc = pRoot->xCurrentTimeInt64(pRoot, pTimeOut);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> %lld\n", *pTimeOut);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return the most recent error code and message
+*/
+static int vfstraceGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nErr, char *zErr){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+int rc;
+vfstraceOnOff(pInfo, VTR_LASTERR);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.xGetLastError(%d,zBuf)", pInfo->zVfsName, nErr);
+if( nErr ) zErr[0] = 0;
+rc = pRoot->xGetLastError(pRoot, nErr, zErr);
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, " -> zBuf[] = \"%s\", rc = %d\n", nErr?zErr:"", rc);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Override system calls.
+*/
+static int vfstraceSetSystemCall(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zName,
+sqlite3_syscall_ptr pFunc
+){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+return pRoot->xSetSystemCall(pRoot, zName, pFunc);
+}
+static sqlite3_syscall_ptr vfstraceGetSystemCall(
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
+const char *zName
+){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+return pRoot->xGetSystemCall(pRoot, zName);
+}
+static const char *vfstraceNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, const char *zName){
+vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot = pInfo->pRootVfs;
+return pRoot->xNextSystemCall(pRoot, zName);
+}
+/*
+** Clients invoke this routine to construct a new trace-vfs shim.
+**
+** Return SQLITE_OK on success.
+**
+** SQLITE_NOMEM is returned in the case of a memory allocation error.
+** SQLITE_NOTFOUND is returned if zOldVfsName does not exist.
+*/
+int vfstrace_register(
+const char *zTraceName,           /* Name of the newly constructed VFS */
+const char *zOldVfsName,          /* Name of the underlying VFS */
+int (*xOut)(const char*,void*),   /* Output routine.  ex: fputs */
+void *pOutArg,                    /* 2nd argument to xOut.  ex: stderr */
+int makeDefault                   /* True to make the new VFS the default */
+){
+sqlite3_vfs *pNew;
+sqlite3_vfs *pRoot;
+vfstrace_info *pInfo;
+size_t nName;
+size_t nByte;
+pRoot = sqlite3_vfs_find(zOldVfsName);
+if( pRoot==0 ) return SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+nName = strlen(zTraceName);
+nByte = sizeof(*pNew) + sizeof(*pInfo) + nName + 1;
+pNew = sqlite3_malloc64( nByte );
+if( pNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+memset(pNew, 0, nByte);
+pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)&pNew[1];
+pNew->iVersion = pRoot->iVersion;
+pNew->szOsFile = pRoot->szOsFile + sizeof(vfstrace_file);
+pNew->mxPathname = pRoot->mxPathname;
+pNew->zName = (char*)&pInfo[1];
+memcpy((char*)&pInfo[1], zTraceName, nName+1);
+pNew->pAppData = pInfo;
+pNew->xOpen = vfstraceOpen;
+pNew->xDelete = vfstraceDelete;
+pNew->xAccess = vfstraceAccess;
+pNew->xFullPathname = vfstraceFullPathname;
+pNew->xDlOpen = pRoot->xDlOpen==0 ? 0 : vfstraceDlOpen;
+pNew->xDlError = pRoot->xDlError==0 ? 0 : vfstraceDlError;
+pNew->xDlSym = pRoot->xDlSym==0 ? 0 : vfstraceDlSym;
+pNew->xDlClose = pRoot->xDlClose==0 ? 0 : vfstraceDlClose;
+pNew->xRandomness = vfstraceRandomness;
+pNew->xSleep = vfstraceSleep;
+pNew->xCurrentTime = vfstraceCurrentTime;
+pNew->xGetLastError = pRoot->xGetLastError==0 ? 0 : vfstraceGetLastError;
+if( pNew->iVersion>=2 ){
+pNew->xCurrentTimeInt64 = pRoot->xCurrentTimeInt64==0 ? 0 :
+vfstraceCurrentTimeInt64;
+if( pNew->iVersion>=3 ){
+pNew->xSetSystemCall = pRoot->xSetSystemCall==0 ? 0 :
+vfstraceSetSystemCall;
+pNew->xGetSystemCall = pRoot->xGetSystemCall==0 ? 0 :
+vfstraceGetSystemCall;
+pNew->xNextSystemCall = pRoot->xNextSystemCall==0 ? 0 :
+vfstraceNextSystemCall;
+}
+}
+pInfo->pRootVfs = pRoot;
+pInfo->xOut = xOut;
+pInfo->pOutArg = pOutArg;
+pInfo->zVfsName = pNew->zName;
+pInfo->pTraceVfs = pNew;
+pInfo->mTrace = 0xffffffff;
+pInfo->bOn = 1;
+vfstrace_printf(pInfo, "%s.enabled_for(\"%s\")\n",
+pInfo->zVfsName, pRoot->zName);
+return sqlite3_vfs_register(pNew, makeDefault);
+}
+/*
+** Look for the named VFS.  If it is a TRACEVFS, then unregister it
+** and delete it.
+*/
+void vfstrace_unregister(const char *zTraceName){
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(zTraceName);
+if( pVfs==0 ) return;
+if( pVfs->xOpen!=vfstraceOpen ) return;
+sqlite3_vfs_unregister(pVfs);
+sqlite3_free(pVfs);
+}
+/************************* End ../ext/misc/vfstrace.c ********************/
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB)
+#define SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER 1
+#else
+#define SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER 0
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+/************************* Begin ../ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h ******************/
+/*
+** 2022-08-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file contains the public interface to the "recover" extension -
+** an SQLite extension designed to recover data from corrupted database
+** files.
+*/
+/*
+** OVERVIEW:
+**
+** To use the API to recover data from a corrupted database, an
+** application:
+**
+**   1) Creates an sqlite3_recover handle by calling either
+**      sqlite3_recover_init() or sqlite3_recover_init_sql().
+**
+**   2) Configures the new handle using one or more calls to
+**      sqlite3_recover_config().
+**
+**   3) Executes the recovery by repeatedly calling sqlite3_recover_step() on
+**      the handle until it returns something other than SQLITE_OK. If it
+**      returns SQLITE_DONE, then the recovery operation completed without
+**      error. If it returns some other non-SQLITE_OK value, then an error
+**      has occurred.
+**
+**   4) Retrieves any error code and English language error message using the
+**      sqlite3_recover_errcode() and sqlite3_recover_errmsg() APIs,
+**      respectively.
+**
+**   5) Destroys the sqlite3_recover handle and frees all resources
+**      using sqlite3_recover_finish().
+**
+** The application may abandon the recovery operation at any point
+** before it is finished by passing the sqlite3_recover handle to
+** sqlite3_recover_finish(). This is not an error, but the final state
+** of the output database, or the results of running the partial script
+** delivered to the SQL callback, are undefined.
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE_RECOVER_H
+#define _SQLITE_RECOVER_H
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/*
+** An instance of the sqlite3_recover object represents a recovery
+** operation in progress.
+**
+** Constructors:
+**
+**    sqlite3_recover_init()
+**    sqlite3_recover_init_sql()
+**
+** Destructor:
+**
+**    sqlite3_recover_finish()
+**
+** Methods:
+**
+**    sqlite3_recover_config()
+**    sqlite3_recover_errcode()
+**    sqlite3_recover_errmsg()
+**    sqlite3_recover_run()
+**    sqlite3_recover_step()
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_recover sqlite3_recover;
+/*
+** These two APIs attempt to create and return a new sqlite3_recover object.
+** In both cases the first two arguments identify the (possibly
+** corrupt) database to recover data from. The first argument is an open
+** database handle and the second the name of a database attached to that
+** handle (i.e. "main", "temp" or the name of an attached database).
+**
+** If sqlite3_recover_init() is used to create the new sqlite3_recover
+** handle, then data is recovered into a new database, identified by
+** string parameter zUri. zUri may be an absolute or relative file path,
+** or may be an SQLite URI. If the identified database file already exists,
+** it is overwritten.
+**
+** If sqlite3_recover_init_sql() is invoked, then any recovered data will
+** be returned to the user as a series of SQL statements. Executing these
+** SQL statements results in the same database as would have been created
+** had sqlite3_recover_init() been used. For each SQL statement in the
+** output, the callback function passed as the third argument (xSql) is
+** invoked once. The first parameter is a passed a copy of the fourth argument
+** to this function (pCtx) as its first parameter, and a pointer to a
+** nul-terminated buffer containing the SQL statement formated as UTF-8 as
+** the second. If the xSql callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK,
+** then processing is immediately abandoned and the value returned used as
+** the recover handle error code (see below).
+**
+** If an out-of-memory error occurs, NULL may be returned instead of
+** a valid handle. In all other cases, it is the responsibility of the
+** application to avoid resource leaks by ensuring that
+** sqlite3_recover_finish() is called on all allocated handles.
+*/
+sqlite3_recover *sqlite3_recover_init(
+sqlite3* db,
+const char *zDb,
+const char *zUri
+);
+sqlite3_recover *sqlite3_recover_init_sql(
+sqlite3* db,
+const char *zDb,
+int (*xSql)(void*, const char*),
+void *pCtx
+);
+/*
+** Configure an sqlite3_recover object that has just been created using
+** sqlite3_recover_init() or sqlite3_recover_init_sql(). This function
+** may only be called before the first call to sqlite3_recover_step()
+** or sqlite3_recover_run() on the object.
+**
+** The second argument passed to this function must be one of the
+** SQLITE_RECOVER_* symbols defined below. Valid values for the third argument
+** depend on the specific SQLITE_RECOVER_* symbol in use.
+**
+** SQLITE_OK is returned if the configuration operation was successful,
+** or an SQLite error code otherwise.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_config(sqlite3_recover*, int op, void *pArg);
+/*
+** SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND:
+**   The pArg argument points to a string buffer containing the name
+**   of a "lost-and-found" table in the output database, or NULL. If
+**   the argument is non-NULL and the database contains seemingly
+**   valid pages that cannot be associated with any table in the
+**   recovered part of the schema, data is extracted from these
+**   pages to add to the lost-and-found table.
+**
+** SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT:
+**   The pArg value must actually be a pointer to a value of type
+**   int containing value 0 or 1 cast as a (void*). If this option is set
+**   (argument is 1) and a lost-and-found table has been configured using
+**   SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND, then is assumed that the freelist is
+**   corrupt and an attempt is made to recover records from pages that
+**   appear to be linked into the freelist. Otherwise, pages on the freelist
+**   are ignored. Setting this option can recover more data from the
+**   database, but often ends up "recovering" deleted records. The default
+**   value is 0 (clear).
+**
+** SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS:
+**   The pArg value must actually be a pointer to a value of type
+**   int containing value 0 or 1 cast as a (void*). If this option is set
+**   (argument is 1), then an attempt is made to recover rowid values
+**   that are not also INTEGER PRIMARY KEY values. If this option is
+**   clear, then new rowids are assigned to all recovered rows. The
+**   default value is 1 (set).
+**
+** SQLITE_RECOVER_SLOWINDEXES:
+**   The pArg value must actually be a pointer to a value of type
+**   int containing value 0 or 1 cast as a (void*). If this option is clear
+**   (argument is 0), then when creating an output database, the recover
+**   module creates and populates non-UNIQUE indexes right at the end of the
+**   recovery operation - after all recoverable data has been inserted
+**   into the new database. This is faster overall, but means that the
+**   final call to sqlite3_recover_step() for a recovery operation may
+**   be need to create a large number of indexes, which may be very slow.
+**
+**   Or, if this option is set (argument is 1), then non-UNIQUE indexes
+**   are created in the output database before it is populated with
+**   recovered data. This is slower overall, but avoids the slow call
+**   to sqlite3_recover_step() at the end of the recovery operation.
+**
+**   The default option value is 0.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND   1
+#define SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT 2
+#define SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS           3
+#define SQLITE_RECOVER_SLOWINDEXES      4
+/*
+** Perform a unit of work towards the recovery operation. This function
+** must normally be called multiple times to complete database recovery.
+**
+** If no error occurs but the recovery operation is not completed, this
+** function returns SQLITE_OK. If recovery has been completed successfully
+** then SQLITE_DONE is returned. If an error has occurred, then an SQLite
+** error code (e.g. SQLITE_IOERR or SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned. It is not
+** considered an error if some or all of the data cannot be recovered
+** due to database corruption.
+**
+** Once sqlite3_recover_step() has returned a value other than SQLITE_OK,
+** all further such calls on the same recover handle are no-ops that return
+** the same non-SQLITE_OK value.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_step(sqlite3_recover*);
+/*
+** Run the recovery operation to completion. Return SQLITE_OK if successful,
+** or an SQLite error code otherwise. Calling this function is the same
+** as executing:
+**
+**     while( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_recover_step(p) );
+**     return sqlite3_recover_errcode(p);
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_run(sqlite3_recover*);
+/*
+** If an error has been encountered during a prior call to
+** sqlite3_recover_step(), then this function attempts to return a
+** pointer to a buffer containing an English language explanation of
+** the error. If no error message is available, or if an out-of memory
+** error occurs while attempting to allocate a buffer in which to format
+** the error message, NULL is returned.
+**
+** The returned buffer remains valid until the sqlite3_recover handle is
+** destroyed using sqlite3_recover_finish().
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_recover_errmsg(sqlite3_recover*);
+/*
+** If this function is called on an sqlite3_recover handle after
+** an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_errcode(sqlite3_recover*);
+/*
+** Clean up a recovery object created by a call to sqlite3_recover_init().
+** The results of using a recovery object with any API after it has been
+** passed to this function are undefined.
+**
+** This function returns the same value as sqlite3_recover_errcode().
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_finish(sqlite3_recover*);
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
+#endif
+#endif /* ifndef _SQLITE_RECOVER_H */
+/************************* End ../ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h ********************/
+# ifndef SQLITE_HAVE_SQLITE3R
+/************************* Begin ../ext/recover/dbdata.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2019-04-17
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+******************************************************************************
+**
+** This file contains an implementation of two eponymous virtual tables,
+** "sqlite_dbdata" and "sqlite_dbptr". Both modules require that the
+** "sqlite_dbpage" eponymous virtual table be available.
+**
+** SQLITE_DBDATA:
+**   sqlite_dbdata is used to extract data directly from a database b-tree
+**   page and its associated overflow pages, bypassing the b-tree layer.
+**   The table schema is equivalent to:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE sqlite_dbdata(
+**       pgno INTEGER,
+**       cell INTEGER,
+**       field INTEGER,
+**       value ANY,
+**       schema TEXT HIDDEN
+**     );
+**
+**   IMPORTANT: THE VIRTUAL TABLE SCHEMA ABOVE IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE. IN THE
+**   FUTURE NEW NON-HIDDEN COLUMNS MAY BE ADDED BETWEEN "value" AND
+**   "schema".
+**
+**   Each page of the database is inspected. If it cannot be interpreted as
+**   a b-tree page, or if it is a b-tree page containing 0 entries, the
+**   sqlite_dbdata table contains no rows for that page.  Otherwise, the
+**   table contains one row for each field in the record associated with
+**   each cell on the page. For intkey b-trees, the key value is stored in
+**   field -1.
+**
+**   For example, for the database:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);     -- root page is page 2
+**     INSERT INTO t1(rowid, a, b) VALUES(5, 'v', 'five');
+**     INSERT INTO t1(rowid, a, b) VALUES(10, 'x', 'ten');
+**
+**   the sqlite_dbdata table contains, as well as from entries related to
+**   page 1, content equivalent to:
+**
+**     INSERT INTO sqlite_dbdata(pgno, cell, field, value) VALUES
+**         (2, 0, -1, 5     ),
+**         (2, 0,  0, 'v'   ),
+**         (2, 0,  1, 'five'),
+**         (2, 1, -1, 10    ),
+**         (2, 1,  0, 'x'   ),
+**         (2, 1,  1, 'ten' );
+**
+**   If database corruption is encountered, this module does not report an
+**   error. Instead, it attempts to extract as much data as possible and
+**   ignores the corruption.
+**
+** SQLITE_DBPTR:
+**   The sqlite_dbptr table has the following schema:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE sqlite_dbptr(
+**       pgno INTEGER,
+**       child INTEGER,
+**       schema TEXT HIDDEN
+**     );
+**
+**   It contains one entry for each b-tree pointer between a parent and
+**   child page in the database.
+*/
+#if !defined(SQLITEINT_H)
+/* #include "sqlite3.h" */
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+/* typedef unsigned int u32; */
+#endif
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#define DBDATA_PADDING_BYTES 100
+typedef struct DbdataTable DbdataTable;
+typedef struct DbdataCursor DbdataCursor;
+typedef struct DbdataBuffer DbdataBuffer;
+/*
+** Buffer type.
+*/
+struct DbdataBuffer {
+u8 *aBuf;
+sqlite3_int64 nBuf;
+};
+/* Cursor object */
+struct DbdataCursor {
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;       /* Base class.  Must be first */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;            /* For fetching database pages */
+int iPgno;                      /* Current page number */
+u8 *aPage;                      /* Buffer containing page */
+int nPage;                      /* Size of aPage[] in bytes */
+int nCell;                      /* Number of cells on aPage[] */
+int iCell;                      /* Current cell number */
+int bOnePage;                   /* True to stop after one page */
+int szDb;
+sqlite3_int64 iRowid;
+/* Only for the sqlite_dbdata table */
+DbdataBuffer rec;
+sqlite3_int64 nRec;             /* Size of pRec[] in bytes */
+sqlite3_int64 nHdr;             /* Size of header in bytes */
+int iField;                     /* Current field number */
+u8 *pHdrPtr;
+u8 *pPtr;
+u32 enc;                        /* Text encoding */
+sqlite3_int64 iIntkey;          /* Integer key value */
+};
+/* Table object */
+struct DbdataTable {
+sqlite3_vtab base;              /* Base class.  Must be first */
+sqlite3 *db;                    /* The database connection */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;            /* For fetching database pages */
+int bPtr;                       /* True for sqlite3_dbptr table */
+};
+/* Column and schema definitions for sqlite_dbdata */
+#define DBDATA_COLUMN_PGNO        0
+#define DBDATA_COLUMN_CELL        1
+#define DBDATA_COLUMN_FIELD       2
+#define DBDATA_COLUMN_VALUE       3
+#define DBDATA_COLUMN_SCHEMA      4
+#define DBDATA_SCHEMA             \
+"CREATE TABLE x("           \
+"  pgno INTEGER,"           \
+"  cell INTEGER,"           \
+"  field INTEGER,"          \
+"  value ANY,"              \
+"  schema TEXT HIDDEN"      \
+")"
+/* Column and schema definitions for sqlite_dbptr */
+#define DBPTR_COLUMN_PGNO         0
+#define DBPTR_COLUMN_CHILD        1
+#define DBPTR_COLUMN_SCHEMA       2
+#define DBPTR_SCHEMA              \
+"CREATE TABLE x("           \
+"  pgno INTEGER,"           \
+"  child INTEGER,"          \
+"  schema TEXT HIDDEN"      \
+")"
+/*
+** Ensure the buffer passed as the first argument is at least nMin bytes
+** in size. If an error occurs while attempting to resize the buffer,
+** SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
+*/
+static int dbdataBufferSize(DbdataBuffer *pBuf, sqlite3_int64 nMin){
+if( nMin>pBuf->nBuf ){
+sqlite3_int64 nNew = nMin+16384;
+u8 *aNew = (u8*)sqlite3_realloc64(pBuf->aBuf, nNew);
+if( aNew==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+pBuf->aBuf = aNew;
+pBuf->nBuf = nNew;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Release the allocation managed by buffer pBuf.
+*/
+static void dbdataBufferFree(DbdataBuffer *pBuf){
+sqlite3_free(pBuf->aBuf);
+memset(pBuf, 0, sizeof(*pBuf));
+}
+/*
+** Connect to an sqlite_dbdata (pAux==0) or sqlite_dbptr (pAux!=0) virtual
+** table.
+*/
+static int dbdataConnect(
+sqlite3 *db,
+void *pAux,
+int argc, const char *const*argv,
+sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+char **pzErr
+){
+DbdataTable *pTab = 0;
+int rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, pAux ? DBPTR_SCHEMA : DBDATA_SCHEMA);
+(void)argc;
+(void)argv;
+(void)pzErr;
+sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pTab = (DbdataTable*)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(DbdataTable));
+if( pTab==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+memset(pTab, 0, sizeof(DbdataTable));
+pTab->db = db;
+pTab->bPtr = (pAux!=0);
+}
+}
+*ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pTab;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Disconnect from or destroy a sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dbptr virtual table.
+*/
+static int dbdataDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)pVtab;
+if( pTab ){
+sqlite3_finalize(pTab->pStmt);
+sqlite3_free(pVtab);
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** This function interprets two types of constraints:
+**
+**       schema=?
+**       pgno=?
+**
+** If neither are present, idxNum is set to 0. If schema=? is present,
+** the 0x01 bit in idxNum is set. If pgno=? is present, the 0x02 bit
+** in idxNum is set.
+**
+** If both parameters are present, schema is in position 0 and pgno in
+** position 1.
+*/
+static int dbdataBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *tab, sqlite3_index_info *pIdx){
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)tab;
+int i;
+int iSchema = -1;
+int iPgno = -1;
+int colSchema = (pTab->bPtr ? DBPTR_COLUMN_SCHEMA : DBDATA_COLUMN_SCHEMA);
+for(i=0; i<pIdx->nConstraint; i++){
+struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p = &pIdx->aConstraint[i];
+if( p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ ){
+if( p->iColumn==colSchema ){
+if( p->usable==0 ) return SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+iSchema = i;
+}
+if( p->iColumn==DBDATA_COLUMN_PGNO && p->usable ){
+iPgno = i;
+}
+}
+}
+if( iSchema>=0 ){
+pIdx->aConstraintUsage[iSchema].argvIndex = 1;
+pIdx->aConstraintUsage[iSchema].omit = 1;
+}
+if( iPgno>=0 ){
+pIdx->aConstraintUsage[iPgno].argvIndex = 1 + (iSchema>=0);
+pIdx->aConstraintUsage[iPgno].omit = 1;
+pIdx->estimatedCost = 100;
+pIdx->estimatedRows =  50;
+if( pTab->bPtr==0 && pIdx->nOrderBy && pIdx->aOrderBy[0].desc==0 ){
+int iCol = pIdx->aOrderBy[0].iColumn;
+if( pIdx->nOrderBy==1 ){
+pIdx->orderByConsumed = (iCol==0 || iCol==1);
+}else if( pIdx->nOrderBy==2 && pIdx->aOrderBy[1].desc==0 && iCol==0 ){
+pIdx->orderByConsumed = (pIdx->aOrderBy[1].iColumn==1);
+}
+}
+}else{
+pIdx->estimatedCost = 100000000;
+pIdx->estimatedRows = 1000000000;
+}
+pIdx->idxNum = (iSchema>=0 ? 0x01 : 0x00) | (iPgno>=0 ? 0x02 : 0x00);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Open a new sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dbptr cursor.
+*/
+static int dbdataOpen(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr;
+pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(DbdataCursor));
+if( pCsr==0 ){
+return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+memset(pCsr, 0, sizeof(DbdataCursor));
+pCsr->base.pVtab = pVTab;
+}
+*ppCursor = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor *)pCsr;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Restore a cursor object to the state it was in when first allocated
+** by dbdataOpen().
+*/
+static void dbdataResetCursor(DbdataCursor *pCsr){
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)(pCsr->base.pVtab);
+if( pTab->pStmt==0 ){
+pTab->pStmt = pCsr->pStmt;
+}else{
+sqlite3_finalize(pCsr->pStmt);
+}
+pCsr->pStmt = 0;
+pCsr->iPgno = 1;
+pCsr->iCell = 0;
+pCsr->iField = 0;
+pCsr->bOnePage = 0;
+sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPage);
+dbdataBufferFree(&pCsr->rec);
+pCsr->aPage = 0;
+pCsr->nRec = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Close an sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dbptr cursor.
+*/
+static int dbdataClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+dbdataResetCursor(pCsr);
+sqlite3_free(pCsr);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Utility methods to decode 16 and 32-bit big-endian unsigned integers.
+*/
+static u32 get_uint16(unsigned char *a){
+return (a[0]<<8)|a[1];
+}
+static u32 get_uint32(unsigned char *a){
+return ((u32)a[0]<<24)
+| ((u32)a[1]<<16)
+| ((u32)a[2]<<8)
+| ((u32)a[3]);
+}
+/*
+** Load page pgno from the database via the sqlite_dbpage virtual table.
+** If successful, set (*ppPage) to point to a buffer containing the page
+** data, (*pnPage) to the size of that buffer in bytes and return
+** SQLITE_OK. In this case it is the responsibility of the caller to
+** eventually free the buffer using sqlite3_free().
+**
+** Or, if an error occurs, set both (*ppPage) and (*pnPage) to 0 and
+** return an SQLite error code.
+*/
+static int dbdataLoadPage(
+DbdataCursor *pCsr,             /* Cursor object */
+u32 pgno,                       /* Page number of page to load */
+u8 **ppPage,                    /* OUT: pointer to page buffer */
+int *pnPage                     /* OUT: Size of (*ppPage) in bytes */
+){
+int rc2;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = pCsr->pStmt;
+*ppPage = 0;
+*pnPage = 0;
+if( pgno>0 ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pStmt, 2, pgno);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+int nCopy = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 0);
+if( nCopy>0 ){
+u8 *pPage;
+pPage = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc64(nCopy + DBDATA_PADDING_BYTES);
+if( pPage==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+const u8 *pCopy = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, 0);
+memcpy(pPage, pCopy, nCopy);
+memset(&pPage[nCopy], 0, DBDATA_PADDING_BYTES);
+}
+*ppPage = pPage;
+*pnPage = nCopy;
+}
+}
+rc2 = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Read a varint.  Put the value in *pVal and return the number of bytes.
+*/
+static int dbdataGetVarint(const u8 *z, sqlite3_int64 *pVal){
+sqlite3_uint64 u = 0;
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<8; i++){
+u = (u<<7) + (z[i]&0x7f);
+if( (z[i]&0x80)==0 ){ *pVal = (sqlite3_int64)u; return i+1; }
+}
+u = (u<<8) + (z[i]&0xff);
+*pVal = (sqlite3_int64)u;
+return 9;
+}
+/*
+** Like dbdataGetVarint(), but set the output to 0 if it is less than 0
+** or greater than 0xFFFFFFFF. This can be used for all varints in an
+** SQLite database except for key values in intkey tables.
+*/
+static int dbdataGetVarintU32(const u8 *z, sqlite3_int64 *pVal){
+sqlite3_int64 val;
+int nRet = dbdataGetVarint(z, &val);
+if( val<0 || val>0xFFFFFFFF ) val = 0;
+*pVal = val;
+return nRet;
+}
+/*
+** Return the number of bytes of space used by an SQLite value of type
+** eType.
+*/
+static int dbdataValueBytes(int eType){
+switch( eType ){
+case 0: case 8: case 9:
+case 10: case 11:
+return 0;
+case 1:
+return 1;
+case 2:
+return 2;
+case 3:
+return 3;
+case 4:
+return 4;
+case 5:
+return 6;
+case 6:
+case 7:
+return 8;
+default:
+if( eType>0 ){
+return ((eType-12) / 2);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Load a value of type eType from buffer pData and use it to set the
+** result of context object pCtx.
+*/
+static void dbdataValue(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+u32 enc,
+int eType,
+u8 *pData,
+sqlite3_int64 nData
+){
+if( eType>=0 ){
+if( dbdataValueBytes(eType)<=nData ){
+switch( eType ){
+case 0:
+case 10:
+case 11:
+sqlite3_result_null(pCtx);
+break;
+case 8:
+sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, 0);
+break;
+case 9:
+sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, 1);
+break;
+case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7: {
+sqlite3_uint64 v = (signed char)pData[0];
+pData++;
+switch( eType ){
+case 7:
+case 6:  v = (v<<16) + (pData[0]<<8) + pData[1];  pData += 2;
+case 5:  v = (v<<16) + (pData[0]<<8) + pData[1];  pData += 2;
+case 4:  v = (v<<8) + pData[0];  pData++;
+case 3:  v = (v<<8) + pData[0];  pData++;
+case 2:  v = (v<<8) + pData[0];  pData++;
+}
+if( eType==7 ){
+double r;
+memcpy(&r, &v, sizeof(r));
+sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, r);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_int64(pCtx, (sqlite3_int64)v);
+}
+break;
+}
+default: {
+int n = ((eType-12) / 2);
+if( eType % 2 ){
+switch( enc ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
+case SQLITE_UTF16BE:
+sqlite3_result_text16be(pCtx, (void*)pData, n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+case SQLITE_UTF16LE:
+sqlite3_result_text16le(pCtx, (void*)pData, n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+#endif
+default:
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, (char*)pData, n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+break;
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, pData, n, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+}
+}
+}else{
+if( eType==7 ){
+sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, 0.0);
+}else if( eType<7 ){
+sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, 0);
+}else if( eType%2 ){
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "", 0, SQLITE_STATIC);
+}else{
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, "", 0, SQLITE_STATIC);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+/* This macro is a copy of the MX_CELL() macro in the SQLite core. Given
+** a page-size, it returns the maximum number of cells that may be present
+** on the page.  */
+#define DBDATA_MX_CELL(pgsz) ((pgsz-8)/6)
+/* Maximum number of fields that may appear in a single record. This is
+** the "hard-limit", according to comments in sqliteLimit.h. */
+#define DBDATA_MX_FIELD 32676
+/*
+** Move an sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dbptr cursor to the next entry.
+*/
+static int dbdataNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)pCursor->pVtab;
+pCsr->iRowid++;
+while( 1 ){
+int rc;
+int iOff = (pCsr->iPgno==1 ? 100 : 0);
+int bNextPage = 0;
+if( pCsr->aPage==0 ){
+while( 1 ){
+if( pCsr->bOnePage==0 && pCsr->iPgno>pCsr->szDb ) return SQLITE_OK;
+rc = dbdataLoadPage(pCsr, pCsr->iPgno, &pCsr->aPage, &pCsr->nPage);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+if( pCsr->aPage && pCsr->nPage>=256 ) break;
+sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPage);
+pCsr->aPage = 0;
+if( pCsr->bOnePage ) return SQLITE_OK;
+pCsr->iPgno++;
+}
+assert( iOff+3+2<=pCsr->nPage );
+pCsr->iCell = pTab->bPtr ? -2 : 0;
+pCsr->nCell = get_uint16(&pCsr->aPage[iOff+3]);
+if( pCsr->nCell>DBDATA_MX_CELL(pCsr->nPage) ){
+pCsr->nCell = DBDATA_MX_CELL(pCsr->nPage);
+}
+}
+if( pTab->bPtr ){
+if( pCsr->aPage[iOff]!=0x02 && pCsr->aPage[iOff]!=0x05 ){
+pCsr->iCell = pCsr->nCell;
+}
+pCsr->iCell++;
+if( pCsr->iCell>=pCsr->nCell ){
+sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPage);
+pCsr->aPage = 0;
+if( pCsr->bOnePage ) return SQLITE_OK;
+pCsr->iPgno++;
+}else{
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+}else{
+/* If there is no record loaded, load it now. */
+assert( pCsr->rec.aBuf!=0 || pCsr->nRec==0 );
+if( pCsr->nRec==0 ){
+int bHasRowid = 0;
+int nPointer = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 nPayload = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 nHdr = 0;
+int iHdr;
+int U, X;
+int nLocal;
+switch( pCsr->aPage[iOff] ){
+case 0x02:
+nPointer = 4;
+break;
+case 0x0a:
+break;
+case 0x0d:
+bHasRowid = 1;
+break;
+default:
+/* This is not a b-tree page with records on it. Continue. */
+pCsr->iCell = pCsr->nCell;
+break;
+}
+if( pCsr->iCell>=pCsr->nCell ){
+bNextPage = 1;
+}else{
+int iCellPtr = iOff + 8 + nPointer + pCsr->iCell*2;
+if( iCellPtr>pCsr->nPage ){
+bNextPage = 1;
+}else{
+iOff = get_uint16(&pCsr->aPage[iCellPtr]);
+}
+/* For an interior node cell, skip past the child-page number */
+iOff += nPointer;
+/* Load the "byte of payload including overflow" field */
+if( bNextPage || iOff>pCsr->nPage || iOff<=iCellPtr ){
+bNextPage = 1;
+}else{
+iOff += dbdataGetVarintU32(&pCsr->aPage[iOff], &nPayload);
+if( nPayload>0x7fffff00 ) nPayload &= 0x3fff;
+if( nPayload==0 ) nPayload = 1;
+}
+/* If this is a leaf intkey cell, load the rowid */
+if( bHasRowid && !bNextPage && iOff<pCsr->nPage ){
+iOff += dbdataGetVarint(&pCsr->aPage[iOff], &pCsr->iIntkey);
+}
+/* Figure out how much data to read from the local page */
+U = pCsr->nPage;
+if( bHasRowid ){
+X = U-35;
+}else{
+X = ((U-12)*64/255)-23;
+}
+if( nPayload<=X ){
+nLocal = nPayload;
+}else{
+int M, K;
+M = ((U-12)*32/255)-23;
+K = M+((nPayload-M)%(U-4));
+if( K<=X ){
+nLocal = K;
+}else{
+nLocal = M;
+}
+}
+if( bNextPage || nLocal+iOff>pCsr->nPage ){
+bNextPage = 1;
+}else{
+/* Allocate space for payload. And a bit more to catch small buffer
+** overruns caused by attempting to read a varint or similar from
+** near the end of a corrupt record.  */
+rc = dbdataBufferSize(&pCsr->rec, nPayload+DBDATA_PADDING_BYTES);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+assert( pCsr->rec.aBuf!=0 );
+assert( nPayload!=0 );
+/* Load the nLocal bytes of payload */
+memcpy(pCsr->rec.aBuf, &pCsr->aPage[iOff], nLocal);
+iOff += nLocal;
+/* Load content from overflow pages */
+if( nPayload>nLocal ){
+sqlite3_int64 nRem = nPayload - nLocal;
+u32 pgnoOvfl = get_uint32(&pCsr->aPage[iOff]);
+while( nRem>0 ){
+u8 *aOvfl = 0;
+int nOvfl = 0;
+int nCopy;
+rc = dbdataLoadPage(pCsr, pgnoOvfl, &aOvfl, &nOvfl);
+assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || aOvfl==0 || nOvfl==pCsr->nPage );
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+if( aOvfl==0 ) break;
+nCopy = U-4;
+if( nCopy>nRem ) nCopy = nRem;
+memcpy(&pCsr->rec.aBuf[nPayload-nRem], &aOvfl[4], nCopy);
+nRem -= nCopy;
+pgnoOvfl = get_uint32(aOvfl);
+sqlite3_free(aOvfl);
+}
+nPayload -= nRem;
+}
+memset(&pCsr->rec.aBuf[nPayload], 0, DBDATA_PADDING_BYTES);
+pCsr->nRec = nPayload;
+iHdr = dbdataGetVarintU32(pCsr->rec.aBuf, &nHdr);
+if( nHdr>nPayload ) nHdr = 0;
+pCsr->nHdr = nHdr;
+pCsr->pHdrPtr = &pCsr->rec.aBuf[iHdr];
+pCsr->pPtr = &pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nHdr];
+pCsr->iField = (bHasRowid ? -1 : 0);
+}
+}
+}else{
+pCsr->iField++;
+if( pCsr->iField>0 ){
+sqlite3_int64 iType;
+if( pCsr->pHdrPtr>=&pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nRec]
+|| pCsr->iField>=DBDATA_MX_FIELD
+){
+bNextPage = 1;
+}else{
+int szField = 0;
+pCsr->pHdrPtr += dbdataGetVarintU32(pCsr->pHdrPtr, &iType);
+szField = dbdataValueBytes(iType);
+if( (pCsr->nRec - (pCsr->pPtr - pCsr->rec.aBuf))<szField ){
+pCsr->pPtr = &pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nRec];
+}else{
+pCsr->pPtr += szField;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if( bNextPage ){
+sqlite3_free(pCsr->aPage);
+pCsr->aPage = 0;
+pCsr->nRec = 0;
+if( pCsr->bOnePage ) return SQLITE_OK;
+pCsr->iPgno++;
+}else{
+if( pCsr->iField<0 || pCsr->pHdrPtr<&pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nHdr] ){
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/* Advance to the next cell. The next iteration of the loop will load
+** the record and so on. */
+pCsr->nRec = 0;
+pCsr->iCell++;
+}
+}
+}
+assert( !"can't get here" );
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if the cursor is at EOF.
+*/
+static int dbdataEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+return pCsr->aPage==0;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if nul-terminated string zSchema ends in "()". Or false
+** otherwise.
+*/
+static int dbdataIsFunction(const char *zSchema){
+size_t n = strlen(zSchema);
+if( n>2 && zSchema[n-2]=='(' && zSchema[n-1]==')' ){
+return (int)n-2;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Determine the size in pages of database zSchema (where zSchema is
+** "main", "temp" or the name of an attached database) and set
+** pCsr->szDb accordingly. If successful, return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise,
+** an SQLite error code.
+*/
+static int dbdataDbsize(DbdataCursor *pCsr, const char *zSchema){
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)pCsr->base.pVtab;
+char *zSql = 0;
+int rc, rc2;
+int nFunc = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+if( (nFunc = dbdataIsFunction(zSchema))>0 ){
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT %.*s(0)", nFunc, zSchema);
+}else{
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA %Q.page_count", zSchema);
+}
+if( zSql==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(pTab->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+pCsr->szDb = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+}
+rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Attempt to figure out the encoding of the database by retrieving page 1
+** and inspecting the header field. If successful, set the pCsr->enc variable
+** and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, return an SQLite error code.
+*/
+static int dbdataGetEncoding(DbdataCursor *pCsr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+int nPg1 = 0;
+u8 *aPg1 = 0;
+rc = dbdataLoadPage(pCsr, 1, &aPg1, &nPg1);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && nPg1>=(56+4) ){
+pCsr->enc = get_uint32(&aPg1[56]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(aPg1);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** xFilter method for sqlite_dbdata and sqlite_dbptr.
+*/
+static int dbdataFilter(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor,
+int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)pCursor->pVtab;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const char *zSchema = "main";
+(void)idxStr;
+(void)argc;
+dbdataResetCursor(pCsr);
+assert( pCsr->iPgno==1 );
+if( idxNum & 0x01 ){
+zSchema = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+if( zSchema==0 ) zSchema = "";
+}
+if( idxNum & 0x02 ){
+pCsr->iPgno = sqlite3_value_int(argv[(idxNum & 0x01)]);
+pCsr->bOnePage = 1;
+}else{
+rc = dbdataDbsize(pCsr, zSchema);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int nFunc = 0;
+if( pTab->pStmt ){
+pCsr->pStmt = pTab->pStmt;
+pTab->pStmt = 0;
+}else if( (nFunc = dbdataIsFunction(zSchema))>0 ){
+char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT %.*s(?2)", nFunc, zSchema);
+if( zSql==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(pTab->db, zSql, -1, &pCsr->pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(pTab->db,
+"SELECT data FROM sqlite_dbpage(?) WHERE pgno=?", -1,
+&pCsr->pStmt, 0
+);
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_bind_text(pCsr->pStmt, 1, zSchema, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+/* Try to determine the encoding of the db by inspecting the header
+** field on page 1. */
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = dbdataGetEncoding(pCsr);
+}
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+pTab->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(pTab->db));
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = dbdataNext(pCursor);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Return a column for the sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dbptr table.
+*/
+static int dbdataColumn(
+sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor,
+sqlite3_context *ctx,
+int i
+){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+DbdataTable *pTab = (DbdataTable*)pCursor->pVtab;
+if( pTab->bPtr ){
+switch( i ){
+case DBPTR_COLUMN_PGNO:
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCsr->iPgno);
+break;
+case DBPTR_COLUMN_CHILD: {
+int iOff = pCsr->iPgno==1 ? 100 : 0;
+if( pCsr->iCell<0 ){
+iOff += 8;
+}else{
+iOff += 12 + pCsr->iCell*2;
+if( iOff>pCsr->nPage ) return SQLITE_OK;
+iOff = get_uint16(&pCsr->aPage[iOff]);
+}
+if( iOff<=pCsr->nPage ){
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, get_uint32(&pCsr->aPage[iOff]));
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}else{
+switch( i ){
+case DBDATA_COLUMN_PGNO:
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCsr->iPgno);
+break;
+case DBDATA_COLUMN_CELL:
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCsr->iCell);
+break;
+case DBDATA_COLUMN_FIELD:
+sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCsr->iField);
+break;
+case DBDATA_COLUMN_VALUE: {
+if( pCsr->iField<0 ){
+sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pCsr->iIntkey);
+}else if( &pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nRec] >= pCsr->pPtr ){
+sqlite3_int64 iType;
+dbdataGetVarintU32(pCsr->pHdrPtr, &iType);
+dbdataValue(
+ctx, pCsr->enc, iType, pCsr->pPtr,
+&pCsr->rec.aBuf[pCsr->nRec] - pCsr->pPtr
+);
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Return the rowid for an sqlite_dbdata or sqlite_dptr table.
+*/
+static int dbdataRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
+DbdataCursor *pCsr = (DbdataCursor*)pCursor;
+*pRowid = pCsr->iRowid;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Invoke this routine to register the "sqlite_dbdata" virtual table module
+*/
+static int sqlite3DbdataRegister(sqlite3 *db){
+static sqlite3_module dbdata_module = {
+0,                            /* iVersion */
+0,                            /* xCreate */
+dbdataConnect,                /* xConnect */
+dbdataBestIndex,              /* xBestIndex */
+dbdataDisconnect,             /* xDisconnect */
+0,                            /* xDestroy */
+dbdataOpen,                   /* xOpen - open a cursor */
+dbdataClose,                  /* xClose - close a cursor */
+dbdataFilter,                 /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
+dbdataNext,                   /* xNext - advance a cursor */
+dbdataEof,                    /* xEof - check for end of scan */
+dbdataColumn,                 /* xColumn - read data */
+dbdataRowid,                  /* xRowid - read data */
+0,                            /* xUpdate */
+0,                            /* xBegin */
+0,                            /* xSync */
+0,                            /* xCommit */
+0,                            /* xRollback */
+0,                            /* xFindMethod */
+0,                            /* xRename */
+0,                            /* xSavepoint */
+0,                            /* xRelease */
+0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
+0,                            /* xShadowName */
+0                             /* xIntegrity */
+};
+int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_dbdata", &dbdata_module, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_dbptr", &dbdata_module, (void*)1);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_dbdata_init(
+sqlite3 *db,
+char **pzErrMsg,
+const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
+){
+(void)pzErrMsg;
+return sqlite3DbdataRegister(db);
+}
+#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+/************************* End ../ext/recover/dbdata.c ********************/
+/************************* Begin ../ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c ******************/
+/*
+** 2022-08-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+*/
+/* #include "sqlite3recover.h" */
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/*
+** Declaration for public API function in file dbdata.c. This may be called
+** with NULL as the final two arguments to register the sqlite_dbptr and
+** sqlite_dbdata virtual tables with a database handle.
+*/
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#endif
+int sqlite3_dbdata_init(sqlite3*, char**, const sqlite3_api_routines*);
+/* typedef unsigned int u32; */
+/* typedef unsigned char u8; */
+/* typedef sqlite3_int64 i64; */
+/*
+** Work around C99 "flex-array" syntax for pre-C99 compilers, so as
+** to avoid complaints from -fsanitize=strict-bounds.
+*/
+#if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
+# define FLEXARRAY
+#else
+# define FLEXARRAY 1
+#endif
+typedef struct RecoverTable RecoverTable;
+typedef struct RecoverColumn RecoverColumn;
+/*
+** When recovering rows of data that can be associated with table
+** definitions recovered from the sqlite_schema table, each table is
+** represented by an instance of the following object.
+**
+** iRoot:
+**   The root page in the original database. Not necessarily (and usually
+**   not) the same in the recovered database.
+**
+** zTab:
+**   Name of the table.
+**
+** nCol/aCol[]:
+**   aCol[] is an array of nCol columns. In the order in which they appear
+**   in the table.
+**
+** bIntkey:
+**   Set to true for intkey tables, false for WITHOUT ROWID.
+**
+** iRowidBind:
+**   Each column in the aCol[] array has associated with it the index of
+**   the bind parameter its values will be bound to in the INSERT statement
+**   used to construct the output database. If the table does has a rowid
+**   but not an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column, then iRowidBind contains the
+**   index of the bind paramater to which the rowid value should be bound.
+**   Otherwise, it contains -1. If the table does contain an INTEGER PRIMARY
+**   KEY column, then the rowid value should be bound to the index associated
+**   with the column.
+**
+** pNext:
+**   All RecoverTable objects used by the recovery operation are allocated
+**   and populated as part of creating the recovered database schema in
+**   the output database, before any non-schema data are recovered. They
+**   are then stored in a singly-linked list linked by this variable beginning
+**   at sqlite3_recover.pTblList.
+*/
+struct RecoverTable {
+u32 iRoot;                      /* Root page in original database */
+char *zTab;                     /* Name of table */
+int nCol;                       /* Number of columns in table */
+RecoverColumn *aCol;            /* Array of columns */
+int bIntkey;                    /* True for intkey, false for without rowid */
+int iRowidBind;                 /* If >0, bind rowid to INSERT here */
+RecoverTable *pNext;
+};
+/*
+** Each database column is represented by an instance of the following object
+** stored in the RecoverTable.aCol[] array of the associated table.
+**
+** iField:
+**   The index of the associated field within database records. Or -1 if
+**   there is no associated field (e.g. for virtual generated columns).
+**
+** iBind:
+**   The bind index of the INSERT statement to bind this columns values
+**   to. Or 0 if there is no such index (iff (iField<0)).
+**
+** bIPK:
+**   True if this is the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column.
+**
+** zCol:
+**   Name of column.
+**
+** eHidden:
+**   A RECOVER_EHIDDEN_* constant value (see below for interpretation of each).
+*/
+struct RecoverColumn {
+int iField;                     /* Field in record on disk */
+int iBind;                      /* Binding to use in INSERT */
+int bIPK;                       /* True for IPK column */
+char *zCol;
+int eHidden;
+};
+#define RECOVER_EHIDDEN_NONE    0      /* Normal database column */
+#define RECOVER_EHIDDEN_HIDDEN  1      /* Column is __HIDDEN__ */
+#define RECOVER_EHIDDEN_VIRTUAL 2      /* Virtual generated column */
+#define RECOVER_EHIDDEN_STORED  3      /* Stored generated column */
+/*
+** Bitmap object used to track pages in the input database. Allocated
+** and manipulated only by the following functions:
+**
+**     recoverBitmapAlloc()
+**     recoverBitmapFree()
+**     recoverBitmapSet()
+**     recoverBitmapQuery()
+**
+** nPg:
+**   Largest page number that may be stored in the bitmap. The range
+**   of valid keys is 1 to nPg, inclusive.
+**
+** aElem[]:
+**   Array large enough to contain a bit for each key. For key value
+**   iKey, the associated bit is the bit (iKey%32) of aElem[iKey/32].
+**   In other words, the following is true if bit iKey is set, or
+**   false if it is clear:
+**
+**       (aElem[iKey/32] & (1 << (iKey%32))) ? 1 : 0
+*/
+typedef struct RecoverBitmap RecoverBitmap;
+struct RecoverBitmap {
+i64 nPg;                        /* Size of bitmap */
+u32 aElem[FLEXARRAY];           /* Array of 32-bit bitmasks */
+};
+/* Size in bytes of a RecoverBitmap object sufficient to cover 32 pages */
+#define SZ_RECOVERBITMAP_32  (16)
+/*
+** State variables (part of the sqlite3_recover structure) used while
+** recovering data for tables identified in the recovered schema (state
+** RECOVER_STATE_WRITING).
+*/
+typedef struct RecoverStateW1 RecoverStateW1;
+struct RecoverStateW1 {
+sqlite3_stmt *pTbls;
+sqlite3_stmt *pSel;
+sqlite3_stmt *pInsert;
+int nInsert;
+RecoverTable *pTab;             /* Table currently being written */
+int nMax;                       /* Max column count in any schema table */
+sqlite3_value **apVal;          /* Array of nMax values */
+int nVal;                       /* Number of valid entries in apVal[] */
+int bHaveRowid;
+i64 iRowid;
+i64 iPrevPage;
+int iPrevCell;
+};
+/*
+** State variables (part of the sqlite3_recover structure) used while
+** recovering data destined for the lost and found table (states
+** RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND[123]).
+*/
+typedef struct RecoverStateLAF RecoverStateLAF;
+struct RecoverStateLAF {
+RecoverBitmap *pUsed;
+i64 nPg;                        /* Size of db in pages */
+sqlite3_stmt *pAllAndParent;
+sqlite3_stmt *pMapInsert;
+sqlite3_stmt *pMaxField;
+sqlite3_stmt *pUsedPages;
+sqlite3_stmt *pFindRoot;
+sqlite3_stmt *pInsert;          /* INSERT INTO lost_and_found ... */
+sqlite3_stmt *pAllPage;
+sqlite3_stmt *pPageData;
+sqlite3_value **apVal;
+int nMaxField;
+};
+/*
+** Main recover handle structure.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_recover {
+/* Copies of sqlite3_recover_init[_sql]() parameters */
+sqlite3 *dbIn;                  /* Input database */
+char *zDb;                      /* Name of input db ("main" etc.) */
+char *zUri;                     /* URI for output database */
+void *pSqlCtx;                  /* SQL callback context */
+int (*xSql)(void*,const char*); /* Pointer to SQL callback function */
+/* Values configured by sqlite3_recover_config() */
+char *zStateDb;                 /* State database to use (or NULL) */
+char *zLostAndFound;            /* Name of lost-and-found table (or NULL) */
+int bFreelistCorrupt;           /* SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT setting */
+int bRecoverRowid;              /* SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS setting */
+int bSlowIndexes;               /* SQLITE_RECOVER_SLOWINDEXES setting */
+int pgsz;
+int detected_pgsz;
+int nReserve;
+u8 *pPage1Disk;
+u8 *pPage1Cache;
+/* Error code and error message */
+int errCode;                    /* For sqlite3_recover_errcode() */
+char *zErrMsg;                  /* For sqlite3_recover_errmsg() */
+int eState;
+int bCloseTransaction;
+/* Variables used with eState==RECOVER_STATE_WRITING */
+RecoverStateW1 w1;
+/* Variables used with states RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND[123] */
+RecoverStateLAF laf;
+/* Fields used within sqlite3_recover_run() */
+sqlite3 *dbOut;                 /* Output database */
+sqlite3_stmt *pGetPage;         /* SELECT against input db sqlite_dbdata */
+RecoverTable *pTblList;         /* List of tables recovered from schema */
+};
+/*
+** The various states in which an sqlite3_recover object may exist:
+**
+**   RECOVER_STATE_INIT:
+**    The object is initially created in this state. sqlite3_recover_step()
+**    has yet to be called. This is the only state in which it is permitted
+**    to call sqlite3_recover_config().
+**
+**   RECOVER_STATE_WRITING:
+**
+**   RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1:
+**    State to populate the bitmap of pages used by other tables or the
+**    database freelist.
+**
+**   RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2:
+**    Populate the recovery.map table - used to figure out a "root" page
+**    for each lost page from in the database from which records are
+**    extracted.
+**
+**   RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3:
+**    Populate the lost-and-found table itself.
+*/
+#define RECOVER_STATE_INIT           0
+#define RECOVER_STATE_WRITING        1
+#define RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1  2
+#define RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2  3
+#define RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3  4
+#define RECOVER_STATE_SCHEMA2        5
+#define RECOVER_STATE_DONE           6
+/*
+** Global variables used by this extension.
+*/
+typedef struct RecoverGlobal RecoverGlobal;
+struct RecoverGlobal {
+const sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;
+sqlite3_recover *p;
+};
+static RecoverGlobal recover_g;
+/*
+** Use this static SQLite mutex to protect the globals during the
+** first call to sqlite3_recover_step().
+*/
+#define RECOVER_MUTEX_ID SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
+/*
+** Default value for SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS (sqlite3_recover.bRecoverRowid).
+*/
+#define RECOVER_ROWID_DEFAULT 1
+/*
+** Mutex handling:
+**
+**    recoverEnterMutex()       -   Enter the recovery mutex
+**    recoverLeaveMutex()       -   Leave the recovery mutex
+**    recoverAssertMutexHeld()  -   Assert that the recovery mutex is held
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_THREADSAFE) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0
+# define recoverEnterMutex()
+# define recoverLeaveMutex()
+#else
+static void recoverEnterMutex(void){
+sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex_alloc(RECOVER_MUTEX_ID));
+}
+static void recoverLeaveMutex(void){
+sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex_alloc(RECOVER_MUTEX_ID));
+}
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_THREADSAFE+0>=1 && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+static void recoverAssertMutexHeld(void){
+assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex_alloc(RECOVER_MUTEX_ID)) );
+}
+#else
+# define recoverAssertMutexHeld()
+#endif
+/*
+** Like strlen(). But handles NULL pointer arguments.
+*/
+static int recoverStrlen(const char *zStr){
+if( zStr==0 ) return 0;
+return (int)(strlen(zStr)&0x7fffffff);
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if the recover handle passed as the first
+** argument already contains an error (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** Otherwise, an attempt is made to allocate, zero and return a buffer nByte
+** bytes in size. If successful, a pointer to the new buffer is returned. Or,
+** if an OOM error occurs, NULL is returned and the handle error code
+** (p->errCode) set to SQLITE_NOMEM.
+*/
+static void *recoverMalloc(sqlite3_recover *p, i64 nByte){
+void *pRet = 0;
+assert( nByte>0 );
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+pRet = sqlite3_malloc64(nByte);
+if( pRet ){
+memset(pRet, 0, nByte);
+}else{
+p->errCode = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+}
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Set the error code and error message for the recover handle passed as
+** the first argument. The error code is set to the value of parameter
+** errCode.
+**
+** Parameter zFmt must be a printf() style formatting string. The handle
+** error message is set to the result of using any trailing arguments for
+** parameter substitutions in the formatting string.
+**
+** For example:
+**
+**   recoverError(p, SQLITE_ERROR, "no such table: %s", zTablename);
+*/
+static int recoverError(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+int errCode,
+const char *zFmt, ...
+){
+char *z = 0;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+if( zFmt ){
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+}
+va_end(ap);
+sqlite3_free(p->zErrMsg);
+p->zErrMsg = z;
+p->errCode = errCode;
+return errCode;
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if p->errCode is initially other than SQLITE_OK.
+** In this case it returns NULL.
+**
+** Otherwise, an attempt is made to allocate and return a bitmap object
+** large enough to store a bit for all page numbers between 1 and nPg,
+** inclusive. The bitmap is initially zeroed.
+*/
+static RecoverBitmap *recoverBitmapAlloc(sqlite3_recover *p, i64 nPg){
+int nElem = (nPg+1+31) / 32;
+int nByte = SZ_RECOVERBITMAP_32 + nElem*sizeof(u32);
+RecoverBitmap *pRet = (RecoverBitmap*)recoverMalloc(p, nByte);
+if( pRet ){
+pRet->nPg = nPg;
+}
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Free a bitmap object allocated by recoverBitmapAlloc().
+*/
+static void recoverBitmapFree(RecoverBitmap *pMap){
+sqlite3_free(pMap);
+}
+/*
+** Set the bit associated with page iPg in bitvec pMap.
+*/
+static void recoverBitmapSet(RecoverBitmap *pMap, i64 iPg){
+if( iPg<=pMap->nPg ){
+int iElem = (iPg / 32);
+int iBit = (iPg % 32);
+pMap->aElem[iElem] |= (((u32)1) << iBit);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Query bitmap object pMap for the state of the bit associated with page
+** iPg. Return 1 if it is set, or 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static int recoverBitmapQuery(RecoverBitmap *pMap, i64 iPg){
+int ret = 1;
+if( iPg<=pMap->nPg && iPg>0 ){
+int iElem = (iPg / 32);
+int iBit = (iPg % 32);
+ret = (pMap->aElem[iElem] & (((u32)1) << iBit)) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+return ret;
+}
+/*
+** Set the recover handle error to the error code and message returned by
+** calling sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg(), respectively, on database
+** handle db.
+*/
+static int recoverDbError(sqlite3_recover *p, sqlite3 *db){
+return recoverError(p, sqlite3_errcode(db), "%s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** Otherwise, it attempts to prepare the SQL statement in zSql against
+** database handle db. If successful, the statement handle is returned.
+** Or, if an error occurs, NULL is returned and an error left in the
+** recover handle.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *recoverPrepare(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+sqlite3 *db,
+const char *zSql
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0) ){
+recoverDbError(p, db);
+}
+}
+return pStmt;
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** Otherwise, argument zFmt is used as a printf() style format string,
+** along with any trailing arguments, to create an SQL statement. This
+** SQL statement is prepared against database handle db and, if successful,
+** the statment handle returned. Or, if an error occurs - either during
+** the printf() formatting or when preparing the resulting SQL - an
+** error code and message are left in the recover handle.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *recoverPreparePrintf(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+sqlite3 *db,
+const char *zFmt, ...
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+va_list ap;
+char *z;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+if( z==0 ){
+p->errCode = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+pStmt = recoverPrepare(p, db, z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+}
+return pStmt;
+}
+/*
+** Reset SQLite statement handle pStmt. If the call to sqlite3_reset()
+** indicates that an error occurred, and there is not already an error
+** in the recover handle passed as the first argument, set the error
+** code and error message appropriately.
+**
+** This function returns a copy of the statement handle pointer passed
+** as the second argument.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *recoverReset(sqlite3_recover *p, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+int rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_CONSTRAINT && p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverDbError(p, sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt));
+}
+return pStmt;
+}
+/*
+** Finalize SQLite statement handle pStmt. If the call to sqlite3_reset()
+** indicates that an error occurred, and there is not already an error
+** in the recover handle passed as the first argument, set the error
+** code and error message appropriately.
+*/
+static void recoverFinalize(sqlite3_recover *p, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
+int rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverDbError(p, db);
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). A copy of p->errCode is returned in this
+** case.
+**
+** Otherwise, execute SQL script zSql. If successful, return SQLITE_OK.
+** Or, if an error occurs, leave an error code and message in the recover
+** handle and return a copy of the error code.
+*/
+static int recoverExec(sqlite3_recover *p, sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql){
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+int rc = sqlite3_exec(db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc ){
+recoverDbError(p, db);
+}
+}
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Bind the value pVal to parameter iBind of statement pStmt. Leave an
+** error in the recover handle passed as the first argument if an error
+** (e.g. an OOM) occurs.
+*/
+static void recoverBindValue(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+int iBind,
+sqlite3_value *pVal
+){
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+int rc = sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, iBind, pVal);
+if( rc ) recoverError(p, rc, 0);
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). NULL is returned in this case.
+**
+** Otherwise, an attempt is made to interpret zFmt as a printf() style
+** formatting string and the result of using the trailing arguments for
+** parameter substitution with it written into a buffer obtained from
+** sqlite3_malloc(). If successful, a pointer to the buffer is returned.
+** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer
+** using sqlite3_free().
+**
+** Or, if an error occurs, an error code and message is left in the recover
+** handle and NULL returned.
+*/
+static char *recoverMPrintf(sqlite3_recover *p, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+char *z;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( z==0 ) p->errCode = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+sqlite3_free(z);
+z = 0;
+}
+return z;
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). Zero is returned in this case.
+**
+** Otherwise, execute "PRAGMA page_count" against the input database. If
+** successful, return the integer result. Or, if an error occurs, leave an
+** error code and error message in the sqlite3_recover handle and return
+** zero.
+*/
+static i64 recoverPageCount(sqlite3_recover *p){
+i64 nPg = 0;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+pStmt = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbIn, "PRAGMA %Q.page_count", p->zDb);
+if( pStmt ){
+sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+nPg = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pStmt);
+}
+return nPg;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of SQL scalar function "read_i32". The first argument to
+** this function must be a blob. The second a non-negative integer. This
+** function reads and returns a 32-bit big-endian integer from byte
+** offset (4*<arg2>) of the blob.
+**
+**     SELECT read_i32(<blob>, <idx>)
+*/
+static void recoverReadI32(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const unsigned char *pBlob;
+int nBlob;
+int iInt;
+assert( argc==2 );
+nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+pBlob = (const unsigned char*)sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+iInt = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]) & 0xFFFF;
+if( (iInt+1)*4<=nBlob ){
+const unsigned char *a = &pBlob[iInt*4];
+i64 iVal = ((i64)a[0]<<24)
++ ((i64)a[1]<<16)
++ ((i64)a[2]<< 8)
++ ((i64)a[3]<< 0);
+sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of SQL scalar function "page_is_used". This function
+** is used as part of the procedure for locating orphan rows for the
+** lost-and-found table, and it depends on those routines having populated
+** the sqlite3_recover.laf.pUsed variable.
+**
+** The only argument to this function is a page-number. It returns true
+** if the page has already been used somehow during data recovery, or false
+** otherwise.
+**
+**     SELECT page_is_used(<pgno>);
+*/
+static void recoverPageIsUsed(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nArg,
+sqlite3_value **apArg
+){
+sqlite3_recover *p = (sqlite3_recover*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+i64 pgno = sqlite3_value_int64(apArg[0]);
+assert( nArg==1 );
+sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, recoverBitmapQuery(p->laf.pUsed, pgno));
+}
+/*
+** The implementation of a user-defined SQL function invoked by the
+** sqlite_dbdata and sqlite_dbptr virtual table modules to access pages
+** of the database being recovered.
+**
+** This function always takes a single integer argument. If the argument
+** is zero, then the value returned is the number of pages in the db being
+** recovered. If the argument is greater than zero, it is a page number.
+** The value returned in this case is an SQL blob containing the data for
+** the identified page of the db being recovered. e.g.
+**
+**     SELECT getpage(0);       -- return number of pages in db
+**     SELECT getpage(4);       -- return page 4 of db as a blob of data
+*/
+static void recoverGetPage(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nArg,
+sqlite3_value **apArg
+){
+sqlite3_recover *p = (sqlite3_recover*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+i64 pgno = sqlite3_value_int64(apArg[0]);
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+assert( nArg==1 );
+if( pgno==0 ){
+i64 nPg = recoverPageCount(p);
+sqlite3_result_int64(pCtx, nPg);
+return;
+}else{
+if( p->pGetPage==0 ){
+pStmt = p->pGetPage = recoverPreparePrintf(
+p, p->dbIn, "SELECT data FROM sqlite_dbpage(%Q) WHERE pgno=?", p->zDb
+);
+}else if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+pStmt = p->pGetPage;
+}
+if( pStmt ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pStmt, 1, pgno);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+const u8 *aPg;
+int nPg;
+assert( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
+aPg = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, 0);
+nPg = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 0);
+if( pgno==1 && nPg==p->pgsz && 0==memcmp(p->pPage1Cache, aPg, nPg) ){
+aPg = p->pPage1Disk;
+}
+sqlite3_result_blob(pCtx, aPg, nPg-p->nReserve, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+recoverReset(p, pStmt);
+}
+}
+if( p->errCode ){
+if( p->zErrMsg ) sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, p->zErrMsg, -1);
+sqlite3_result_error_code(pCtx, p->errCode);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Find a string that is not found anywhere in z[].  Return a pointer
+** to that string.
+**
+** Try to use zA and zB first.  If both of those are already found in z[]
+** then make up some string and store it in the buffer zBuf.
+*/
+static const char *recoverUnusedString(
+const char *z,                    /* Result must not appear anywhere in z */
+const char *zA, const char *zB,   /* Try these first */
+char *zBuf                        /* Space to store a generated string */
+){
+unsigned i = 0;
+if( strstr(z, zA)==0 ) return zA;
+if( strstr(z, zB)==0 ) return zB;
+do{
+sqlite3_snprintf(20,zBuf,"(%s%u)", zA, i++);
+}while( strstr(z,zBuf)!=0 );
+return zBuf;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of scalar SQL function "escape_crlf".  The argument passed to
+** this function is the output of built-in function quote(). If the first
+** character of the input is "'", indicating that the value passed to quote()
+** was a text value, then this function searches the input for "\n" and "\r"
+** characters and adds a wrapper similar to the following:
+**
+**   replace(replace(<input>, '\n', char(10), '\r', char(13));
+**
+** Or, if the first character of the input is not "'", then a copy of the input
+** is returned.
+*/
+static void recoverEscapeCrlf(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zText = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+(void)argc;
+if( zText && zText[0]=='\'' ){
+int nText = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+int i;
+char zBuf1[20];
+char zBuf2[20];
+const char *zNL = 0;
+const char *zCR = 0;
+int nCR = 0;
+int nNL = 0;
+for(i=0; zText[i]; i++){
+if( zNL==0 && zText[i]=='\n' ){
+zNL = recoverUnusedString(zText, "\\n", "\\012", zBuf1);
+nNL = (int)strlen(zNL);
+}
+if( zCR==0 && zText[i]=='\r' ){
+zCR = recoverUnusedString(zText, "\\r", "\\015", zBuf2);
+nCR = (int)strlen(zCR);
+}
+}
+if( zNL || zCR ){
+int iOut = 0;
+i64 nMax = (nNL > nCR) ? nNL : nCR;
+i64 nAlloc = nMax * nText + (nMax+64)*2;
+char *zOut = (char*)sqlite3_malloc64(nAlloc);
+if( zOut==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+if( zNL && zCR ){
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], "replace(replace(", 16);
+iOut += 16;
+}else{
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], "replace(", 8);
+iOut += 8;
+}
+for(i=0; zText[i]; i++){
+if( zText[i]=='\n' ){
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], zNL, nNL);
+iOut += nNL;
+}else if( zText[i]=='\r' ){
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], zCR, nCR);
+iOut += nCR;
+}else{
+zOut[iOut] = zText[i];
+iOut++;
+}
+}
+if( zNL ){
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], ",'", 2); iOut += 2;
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], zNL, nNL); iOut += nNL;
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], "', char(10))", 12); iOut += 12;
+}
+if( zCR ){
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], ",'", 2); iOut += 2;
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], zCR, nCR); iOut += nCR;
+memcpy(&zOut[iOut], "', char(13))", 12); iOut += 12;
+}
+sqlite3_result_text(context, zOut, iOut, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+sqlite3_free(zOut);
+return;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_result_value(context, argv[0]);
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). A copy of the error code is returned in
+** this case.
+**
+** Otherwise, attempt to populate temporary table "recovery.schema" with the
+** parts of the database schema that can be extracted from the input database.
+**
+** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an error code
+** and error message are left in the recover handle and a copy of the
+** error code returned. It is not considered an error if part of all of
+** the database schema cannot be recovered due to corruption.
+*/
+static int recoverCacheSchema(sqlite3_recover *p){
+return recoverExec(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH RECURSIVE pages(p) AS ("
+"  SELECT 1"
+"    UNION"
+"  SELECT child FROM sqlite_dbptr('getpage()'), pages WHERE pgno=p"
+")"
+"INSERT INTO recovery.schema SELECT"
+"  max(CASE WHEN field=0 THEN value ELSE NULL END),"
+"  max(CASE WHEN field=1 THEN value ELSE NULL END),"
+"  max(CASE WHEN field=2 THEN value ELSE NULL END),"
+"  max(CASE WHEN field=3 THEN value ELSE NULL END),"
+"  max(CASE WHEN field=4 THEN value ELSE NULL END)"
+"FROM sqlite_dbdata('getpage()') WHERE pgno IN ("
+"  SELECT p FROM pages"
+") GROUP BY pgno, cell"
+);
+}
+/*
+** If this recover handle is not in SQL callback mode (i.e. was not created
+** using sqlite3_recover_init_sql()) of if an error has already occurred,
+** this function is a no-op. Otherwise, issue a callback with SQL statement
+** zSql as the parameter.
+**
+** If the callback returns non-zero, set the recover handle error code to
+** the value returned (so that the caller will abandon processing).
+*/
+static void recoverSqlCallback(sqlite3_recover *p, const char *zSql){
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && p->xSql ){
+int res = p->xSql(p->pSqlCtx, zSql);
+if( res ){
+recoverError(p, SQLITE_ERROR, "callback returned an error - %d", res);
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Transfer the following settings from the input database to the output
+** database:
+**
+**   + page-size,
+**   + auto-vacuum settings,
+**   + database encoding,
+**   + user-version (PRAGMA user_version), and
+**   + application-id (PRAGMA application_id), and
+*/
+static void recoverTransferSettings(sqlite3_recover *p){
+const char *aPragma[] = {
+"encoding",
+"page_size",
+"auto_vacuum",
+"user_version",
+"application_id"
+};
+int ii;
+/* Truncate the output database to 0 pages in size. This is done by
+** opening a new, empty, temp db, then using the backup API to clobber
+** any existing output db with a copy of it. */
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3 *db2 = 0;
+int rc = sqlite3_open("", &db2);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverDbError(p, db2);
+return;
+}
+for(ii=0; ii<(int)(sizeof(aPragma)/sizeof(aPragma[0])); ii++){
+const char *zPrag = aPragma[ii];
+sqlite3_stmt *p1 = 0;
+p1 = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbIn, "PRAGMA %Q.%s", p->zDb, zPrag);
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(p1)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zArg = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(p1, 0);
+char *z2 = recoverMPrintf(p, "PRAGMA %s = %Q", zPrag, zArg);
+recoverSqlCallback(p, z2);
+recoverExec(p, db2, z2);
+sqlite3_free(z2);
+if( zArg==0 ){
+recoverError(p, SQLITE_NOMEM, 0);
+}
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, p1);
+}
+recoverExec(p, db2, "CREATE TABLE t1(a); DROP TABLE t1;");
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3 *db = p->dbOut;
+sqlite3_backup *pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(db, "main", db2, "main");
+if( pBackup ){
+sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup, -1);
+p->errCode = sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
+}else{
+recoverDbError(p, db);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_close(db2);
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). A copy of the error code is returned in
+** this case.
+**
+** Otherwise, an attempt is made to open the output database, attach
+** and create the schema of the temporary database used to store
+** intermediate data, and to register all required user functions and
+** virtual table modules with the output handle.
+**
+** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an error code
+** and error message are left in the recover handle and a copy of the
+** error code returned.
+*/
+static int recoverOpenOutput(sqlite3_recover *p){
+struct Func {
+const char *zName;
+int nArg;
+void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **);
+} aFunc[] = {
+{ "getpage", 1, recoverGetPage },
+{ "page_is_used", 1, recoverPageIsUsed },
+{ "read_i32", 2, recoverReadI32 },
+{ "escape_crlf", 1, recoverEscapeCrlf },
+};
+const int flags = SQLITE_OPEN_URI|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+sqlite3 *db = 0;                /* New database handle */
+int ii;                         /* For iterating through aFunc[] */
+assert( p->dbOut==0 );
+if( sqlite3_open_v2(p->zUri, &db, flags, 0) ){
+recoverDbError(p, db);
+}
+/* Register the sqlite_dbdata and sqlite_dbptr virtual table modules.
+** These two are registered with the output database handle - this
+** module depends on the input handle supporting the sqlite_dbpage
+** virtual table only.  */
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+p->errCode = sqlite3_dbdata_init(db, 0, 0);
+}
+/* Register the custom user-functions with the output handle. */
+for(ii=0;
+p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && ii<(int)(sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0]));
+ii++){
+p->errCode = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[ii].zName,
+aFunc[ii].nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, (void*)p, aFunc[ii].xFunc, 0, 0
+);
+}
+p->dbOut = db;
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Attach the auxiliary database 'recovery' to the output database handle.
+** This temporary database is used during the recovery process and then
+** discarded.
+*/
+static void recoverOpenRecovery(sqlite3_recover *p){
+char *zSql = recoverMPrintf(p, "ATTACH %Q AS recovery;", p->zStateDb);
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut, zSql);
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut,
+"PRAGMA writable_schema = 1;"
+"CREATE TABLE recovery.map(pgno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, parent INT);"
+"CREATE TABLE recovery.schema(type, name, tbl_name, rootpage, sql);"
+);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** Otherwise, argument zName must be the name of a table that has just been
+** created in the output database. This function queries the output db
+** for the schema of said table, and creates a RecoverTable object to
+** store the schema in memory. The new RecoverTable object is linked into
+** the list at sqlite3_recover.pTblList.
+**
+** Parameter iRoot must be the root page of table zName in the INPUT
+** database.
+*/
+static void recoverAddTable(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+const char *zName,              /* Name of table created in output db */
+i64 iRoot                       /* Root page of same table in INPUT db */
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbOut,
+"PRAGMA table_xinfo(%Q)", zName
+);
+if( pStmt ){
+int iPk = -1;
+int iBind = 1;
+RecoverTable *pNew = 0;
+int nCol = 0;
+int nName = recoverStrlen(zName);
+int nByte = 0;
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+nCol++;
+nByte += (sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1)+1);
+}
+nByte += sizeof(RecoverTable) + nCol*sizeof(RecoverColumn) + nName+1;
+recoverReset(p, pStmt);
+pNew = recoverMalloc(p, nByte);
+if( pNew ){
+int i = 0;
+int iField = 0;
+char *csr = 0;
+pNew->aCol = (RecoverColumn*)&pNew[1];
+pNew->zTab = csr = (char*)&pNew->aCol[nCol];
+pNew->nCol = nCol;
+pNew->iRoot = iRoot;
+memcpy(csr, zName, nName);
+csr += nName+1;
+for(i=0; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; i++){
+int iPKF = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5);
+int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1);
+const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
+const char *zType = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 2);
+int eHidden = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 6);
+if( iPk==-1 && iPKF==1 && !sqlite3_stricmp("integer", zType) ) iPk = i;
+if( iPKF>1 ) iPk = -2;
+pNew->aCol[i].zCol = csr;
+pNew->aCol[i].eHidden = eHidden;
+if( eHidden==RECOVER_EHIDDEN_VIRTUAL ){
+pNew->aCol[i].iField = -1;
+}else{
+pNew->aCol[i].iField = iField++;
+}
+if( eHidden!=RECOVER_EHIDDEN_VIRTUAL
+&& eHidden!=RECOVER_EHIDDEN_STORED
+){
+pNew->aCol[i].iBind = iBind++;
+}
+memcpy(csr, z, n);
+csr += (n+1);
+}
+pNew->pNext = p->pTblList;
+p->pTblList = pNew;
+pNew->bIntkey = 1;
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pStmt);
+pStmt = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbOut, "PRAGMA index_xinfo(%Q)", zName);
+while( pStmt && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+int iField = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+int iCol = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 1);
+assert( iCol<pNew->nCol );
+pNew->aCol[iCol].iField = iField;
+pNew->bIntkey = 0;
+iPk = -2;
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pStmt);
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( iPk>=0 ){
+pNew->aCol[iPk].bIPK = 1;
+}else if( pNew->bIntkey ){
+pNew->iRowidBind = iBind++;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function is called after recoverCacheSchema() has cached those parts
+** of the input database schema that could be recovered in temporary table
+** "recovery.schema". This function creates in the output database copies
+** of all parts of that schema that must be created before the tables can
+** be populated. Specifically, this means:
+**
+**     * all tables that are not VIRTUAL, and
+**     * UNIQUE indexes.
+**
+** If the recovery handle uses SQL callbacks, then callbacks containing
+** the associated "CREATE TABLE" and "CREATE INDEX" statements are made.
+**
+** Additionally, records are added to the sqlite_schema table of the
+** output database for any VIRTUAL tables. The CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE
+** records are written directly to sqlite_schema, not actually executed.
+** If the handle is in SQL callback mode, then callbacks are invoked
+** with equivalent SQL statements.
+*/
+static int recoverWriteSchema1(sqlite3_recover *p){
+sqlite3_stmt *pSelect = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pTblname = 0;
+pSelect = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH dbschema(rootpage, name, sql, tbl, isVirtual, isIndex) AS ("
+"  SELECT rootpage, name, sql, "
+"    type='table', "
+"    sql LIKE 'create virtual%',"
+"    (type='index' AND (sql LIKE '%unique%' OR ?1))"
+"  FROM recovery.schema"
+")"
+"SELECT rootpage, tbl, isVirtual, name, sql"
+" FROM dbschema "
+"  WHERE tbl OR isIndex"
+"  ORDER BY tbl DESC, name=='sqlite_sequence' DESC"
+);
+pTblname = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema "
+"WHERE type='table' ORDER BY rowid DESC LIMIT 1"
+);
+if( pSelect ){
+sqlite3_bind_int(pSelect, 1, p->bSlowIndexes);
+while( sqlite3_step(pSelect)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+i64 iRoot = sqlite3_column_int64(pSelect, 0);
+int bTable = sqlite3_column_int(pSelect, 1);
+int bVirtual = sqlite3_column_int(pSelect, 2);
+const char *zName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 3);
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 4);
+char *zFree = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( bVirtual ){
+zSql = (const char*)(zFree = recoverMPrintf(p,
+"INSERT INTO sqlite_schema VALUES('table', %Q, %Q, 0, %Q)",
+zName, zName, zSql
+));
+}
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbOut, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverSqlCallback(p, zSql);
+if( bTable && !bVirtual ){
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pTblname) ){
+const char *zTbl = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pTblname, 0);
+if( zTbl ) recoverAddTable(p, zTbl, iRoot);
+}
+recoverReset(p, pTblname);
+}
+}else if( rc!=SQLITE_ERROR ){
+recoverDbError(p, p->dbOut);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zFree);
+}
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pSelect);
+recoverFinalize(p, pTblname);
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** This function is called after the output database has been populated. It
+** adds all recovered schema elements that were not created in the output
+** database by recoverWriteSchema1() - everything except for tables and
+** UNIQUE indexes. Specifically:
+**
+**     * views,
+**     * triggers,
+**     * non-UNIQUE indexes.
+**
+** If the recover handle is in SQL callback mode, then equivalent callbacks
+** are issued to create the schema elements.
+*/
+static int recoverWriteSchema2(sqlite3_recover *p){
+sqlite3_stmt *pSelect = 0;
+pSelect = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+p->bSlowIndexes ?
+"SELECT rootpage, sql FROM recovery.schema "
+"  WHERE type!='table' AND type!='index'"
+:
+"SELECT rootpage, sql FROM recovery.schema "
+"  WHERE type!='table' AND (type!='index' OR sql NOT LIKE '%unique%')"
+);
+if( pSelect ){
+while( sqlite3_step(pSelect)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 1);
+int rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbOut, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverSqlCallback(p, zSql);
+}else if( rc!=SQLITE_ERROR ){
+recoverDbError(p, p->dbOut);
+}
+}
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pSelect);
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if recover handle p already contains an error
+** (if p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK). In this case it returns NULL.
+**
+** Otherwise, if the recover handle is configured to create an output
+** database (was created by sqlite3_recover_init()), then this function
+** prepares and returns an SQL statement to INSERT a new record into table
+** pTab, assuming the first nField fields of a record extracted from disk
+** are valid.
+**
+** For example, if table pTab is:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE name(a, b GENERATED ALWAYS AS (a+1) STORED, c, d, e);
+**
+** And nField is 4, then the SQL statement prepared and returned is:
+**
+**     INSERT INTO (a, c, d) VALUES (?1, ?2, ?3);
+**
+** In this case even though 4 values were extracted from the input db,
+** only 3 are written to the output, as the generated STORED column
+** cannot be written.
+**
+** If the recover handle is in SQL callback mode, then the SQL statement
+** prepared is such that evaluating it returns a single row containing
+** a single text value - itself an SQL statement similar to the above,
+** except with SQL literals in place of the variables. For example:
+**
+**     SELECT 'INSERT INTO (a, c, d) VALUES ('
+**          || quote(?1) || ', '
+**          || quote(?2) || ', '
+**          || quote(?3) || ')';
+**
+** In either case, it is the responsibility of the caller to eventually
+** free the statement handle using sqlite3_finalize().
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *recoverInsertStmt(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+RecoverTable *pTab,
+int nField
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pRet = 0;
+const char *zSep = "";
+const char *zSqlSep = "";
+char *zSql = 0;
+char *zFinal = 0;
+char *zBind = 0;
+int ii;
+int bSql = p->xSql ? 1 : 0;
+if( nField<=0 ) return 0;
+assert( nField<=pTab->nCol );
+zSql = recoverMPrintf(p, "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO %Q(", pTab->zTab);
+if( pTab->iRowidBind ){
+assert( pTab->bIntkey );
+zSql = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z_rowid_", zSql);
+if( bSql ){
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p, "%zquote(?%d)", zBind, pTab->iRowidBind);
+}else{
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z?%d", zBind, pTab->iRowidBind);
+}
+zSqlSep = "||', '||";
+zSep = ", ";
+}
+for(ii=0; ii<nField; ii++){
+int eHidden = pTab->aCol[ii].eHidden;
+if( eHidden!=RECOVER_EHIDDEN_VIRTUAL
+&& eHidden!=RECOVER_EHIDDEN_STORED
+){
+assert( pTab->aCol[ii].iField>=0 && pTab->aCol[ii].iBind>=1 );
+zSql = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z%s%Q", zSql, zSep, pTab->aCol[ii].zCol);
+if( bSql ){
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p,
+"%z%sescape_crlf(quote(?%d))", zBind, zSqlSep, pTab->aCol[ii].iBind
+);
+zSqlSep = "||', '||";
+}else{
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z%s?%d", zBind, zSep, pTab->aCol[ii].iBind);
+}
+zSep = ", ";
+}
+}
+if( bSql ){
+zFinal = recoverMPrintf(p, "SELECT %Q || ') VALUES (' || %s || ')'",
+zSql, zBind
+);
+}else{
+zFinal = recoverMPrintf(p, "%s) VALUES (%s)", zSql, zBind);
+}
+pRet = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut, zFinal);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zBind);
+sqlite3_free(zFinal);
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Search the list of RecoverTable objects at p->pTblList for one that
+** has root page iRoot in the input database. If such an object is found,
+** return a pointer to it. Otherwise, return NULL.
+*/
+static RecoverTable *recoverFindTable(sqlite3_recover *p, u32 iRoot){
+RecoverTable *pRet = 0;
+for(pRet=p->pTblList; pRet && pRet->iRoot!=iRoot; pRet=pRet->pNext);
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** This function attempts to create a lost and found table within the
+** output db. If successful, it returns a pointer to a buffer containing
+** the name of the new table. It is the responsibility of the caller to
+** eventually free this buffer using sqlite3_free().
+**
+** If an error occurs, NULL is returned and an error code and error
+** message left in the recover handle.
+*/
+static char *recoverLostAndFoundCreate(
+sqlite3_recover *p,             /* Recover object */
+int nField                      /* Number of column fields in new table */
+){
+char *zTbl = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pProbe = 0;
+int ii = 0;
+pProbe = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name=?"
+);
+for(ii=-1; zTbl==0 && p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && ii<1000; ii++){
+int bFail = 0;
+if( ii<0 ){
+zTbl = recoverMPrintf(p, "%s", p->zLostAndFound);
+}else{
+zTbl = recoverMPrintf(p, "%s_%d", p->zLostAndFound, ii);
+}
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_text(pProbe, 1, zTbl, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pProbe) ){
+bFail = 1;
+}
+recoverReset(p, pProbe);
+}
+if( bFail ){
+sqlite3_clear_bindings(pProbe);
+sqlite3_free(zTbl);
+zTbl = 0;
+}
+}
+recoverFinalize(p, pProbe);
+if( zTbl ){
+const char *zSep = 0;
+char *zField = 0;
+char *zSql = 0;
+zSep = "rootpgno INTEGER, pgno INTEGER, nfield INTEGER, id INTEGER, ";
+for(ii=0; p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && ii<nField; ii++){
+zField = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z%sc%d", zField, zSep, ii);
+zSep = ", ";
+}
+zSql = recoverMPrintf(p, "CREATE TABLE %s(%s)", zTbl, zField);
+sqlite3_free(zField);
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut, zSql);
+recoverSqlCallback(p, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}else if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+recoverError(
+p, SQLITE_ERROR, "failed to create %s output table", p->zLostAndFound
+);
+}
+return zTbl;
+}
+/*
+** Synthesize and prepare an INSERT statement to write to the lost_and_found
+** table in the output database. The name of the table is zTab, and it has
+** nField c* fields.
+*/
+static sqlite3_stmt *recoverLostAndFoundInsert(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+const char *zTab,
+int nField
+){
+int nTotal = nField + 4;
+int ii;
+char *zBind = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pRet = 0;
+if( p->xSql==0 ){
+for(ii=0; ii<nTotal; ii++){
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z%s?", zBind, zBind?", ":"", ii);
+}
+pRet = recoverPreparePrintf(
+p, p->dbOut, "INSERT INTO %s VALUES(%s)", zTab, zBind
+);
+}else{
+const char *zSep = "";
+for(ii=0; ii<nTotal; ii++){
+zBind = recoverMPrintf(p, "%z%squote(?)", zBind, zSep);
+zSep = "|| ', ' ||";
+}
+pRet = recoverPreparePrintf(
+p, p->dbOut, "SELECT 'INSERT INTO %s VALUES(' || %s || ')'", zTab, zBind
+);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zBind);
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Input database page iPg contains data that will be written to the
+** lost-and-found table of the output database. This function attempts
+** to identify the root page of the tree that page iPg belonged to.
+** If successful, it sets output variable (*piRoot) to the page number
+** of the root page and returns SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, if an error occurs,
+** an SQLite error code is returned and the final value of *piRoot
+** undefined.
+*/
+static int recoverLostAndFoundFindRoot(
+sqlite3_recover *p,
+i64 iPg,
+i64 *piRoot
+){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+if( pLaf->pFindRoot==0 ){
+pLaf->pFindRoot = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH RECURSIVE p(pgno) AS ("
+"  SELECT ?"
+"    UNION"
+"  SELECT parent FROM recovery.map AS m, p WHERE m.pgno=p.pgno"
+") "
+"SELECT p.pgno FROM p, recovery.map m WHERE m.pgno=p.pgno "
+"    AND m.parent IS NULL"
+);
+}
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pLaf->pFindRoot, 1, iPg);
+if( sqlite3_step(pLaf->pFindRoot)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+*piRoot = sqlite3_column_int64(pLaf->pFindRoot, 0);
+}else{
+*piRoot = iPg;
+}
+recoverReset(p, pLaf->pFindRoot);
+}
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Recover data from page iPage of the input database and write it to
+** the lost-and-found table in the output database.
+*/
+static void recoverLostAndFoundOnePage(sqlite3_recover *p, i64 iPage){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+sqlite3_value **apVal = pLaf->apVal;
+sqlite3_stmt *pPageData = pLaf->pPageData;
+sqlite3_stmt *pInsert = pLaf->pInsert;
+int nVal = -1;
+int iPrevCell = 0;
+i64 iRoot = 0;
+int bHaveRowid = 0;
+i64 iRowid = 0;
+int ii = 0;
+if( recoverLostAndFoundFindRoot(p, iPage, &iRoot) ) return;
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pPageData, 1, iPage);
+while( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pPageData) ){
+int iCell = sqlite3_column_int64(pPageData, 0);
+int iField = sqlite3_column_int64(pPageData, 1);
+if( iPrevCell!=iCell && nVal>=0 ){
+/* Insert the new row */
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, 1, iRoot);      /* rootpgno */
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, 2, iPage);      /* pgno */
+sqlite3_bind_int(pInsert, 3, nVal);         /* nfield */
+if( bHaveRowid ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, 4, iRowid);   /* id */
+}
+for(ii=0; ii<nVal; ii++){
+recoverBindValue(p, pInsert, 5+ii, apVal[ii]);
+}
+if( sqlite3_step(pInsert)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+recoverSqlCallback(p, (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pInsert, 0));
+}
+recoverReset(p, pInsert);
+/* Discard the accumulated row data */
+for(ii=0; ii<nVal; ii++){
+sqlite3_value_free(apVal[ii]);
+apVal[ii] = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_clear_bindings(pInsert);
+bHaveRowid = 0;
+nVal = -1;
+}
+if( iCell<0 ) break;
+if( iField<0 ){
+assert( nVal==-1 );
+iRowid = sqlite3_column_int64(pPageData, 2);
+bHaveRowid = 1;
+nVal = 0;
+}else if( iField<pLaf->nMaxField ){
+sqlite3_value *pVal = sqlite3_column_value(pPageData, 2);
+apVal[iField] = sqlite3_value_dup(pVal);
+assert( iField==nVal || (nVal==-1 && iField==0) );
+nVal = iField+1;
+if( apVal[iField]==0 ){
+recoverError(p, SQLITE_NOMEM, 0);
+}
+}
+iPrevCell = iCell;
+}
+recoverReset(p, pPageData);
+for(ii=0; ii<nVal; ii++){
+sqlite3_value_free(apVal[ii]);
+apVal[ii] = 0;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Perform one step (sqlite3_recover_step()) of work for the connection
+** passed as the only argument, which is guaranteed to be in
+** RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3 state - during which the lost-and-found
+** table of the output database is populated with recovered data that can
+** not be assigned to any recovered schema object.
+*/
+static int recoverLostAndFound3Step(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( pLaf->pInsert==0 ){
+return SQLITE_DONE;
+}else{
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+int res = sqlite3_step(pLaf->pAllPage);
+if( res==SQLITE_ROW ){
+i64 iPage = sqlite3_column_int64(pLaf->pAllPage, 0);
+if( recoverBitmapQuery(pLaf->pUsed, iPage)==0 ){
+recoverLostAndFoundOnePage(p, iPage);
+}
+}else{
+recoverReset(p, pLaf->pAllPage);
+return SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Initialize resources required in RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3
+** state - during which the lost-and-found table of the output database
+** is populated with recovered data that can not be assigned to any
+** recovered schema object.
+*/
+static void recoverLostAndFound3Init(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+if( pLaf->nMaxField>0 ){
+char *zTab = 0;               /* Name of lost_and_found table */
+zTab = recoverLostAndFoundCreate(p, pLaf->nMaxField);
+pLaf->pInsert = recoverLostAndFoundInsert(p, zTab, pLaf->nMaxField);
+sqlite3_free(zTab);
+pLaf->pAllPage = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH RECURSIVE seq(ii) AS ("
+"  SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT ii+1 FROM seq WHERE ii<%lld"
+")"
+"SELECT ii FROM seq" , p->laf.nPg
+);
+pLaf->pPageData = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"SELECT cell, field, value "
+"FROM sqlite_dbdata('getpage()') d WHERE d.pgno=? "
+"UNION ALL "
+"SELECT -1, -1, -1"
+);
+pLaf->apVal = (sqlite3_value**)recoverMalloc(p,
+pLaf->nMaxField*sizeof(sqlite3_value*)
+);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Initialize resources required in RECOVER_STATE_WRITING state - during which
+** tables recovered from the schema of the input database are populated with
+** recovered data.
+*/
+static int recoverWriteDataInit(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateW1 *p1 = &p->w1;
+RecoverTable *pTbl = 0;
+int nByte = 0;
+/* Figure out the maximum number of columns for any table in the schema */
+assert( p1->nMax==0 );
+for(pTbl=p->pTblList; pTbl; pTbl=pTbl->pNext){
+if( pTbl->nCol>p1->nMax ) p1->nMax = pTbl->nCol;
+}
+/* Allocate an array of (sqlite3_value*) in which to accumulate the values
+** that will be written to the output database in a single row. */
+nByte = sizeof(sqlite3_value*) * (p1->nMax+1);
+p1->apVal = (sqlite3_value**)recoverMalloc(p, nByte);
+if( p1->apVal==0 ) return p->errCode;
+/* Prepare the SELECT to loop through schema tables (pTbls) and the SELECT
+** to loop through cells that appear to belong to a single table (pSel). */
+p1->pTbls = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"SELECT rootpage FROM recovery.schema "
+"  WHERE type='table' AND (sql NOT LIKE 'create virtual%')"
+"  ORDER BY (tbl_name='sqlite_sequence') ASC"
+);
+p1->pSel = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH RECURSIVE pages(page) AS ("
+"  SELECT ?1"
+"    UNION"
+"  SELECT child FROM sqlite_dbptr('getpage()'), pages "
+"    WHERE pgno=page"
+") "
+"SELECT page, cell, field, value "
+"FROM sqlite_dbdata('getpage()') d, pages p WHERE p.page=d.pgno "
+"UNION ALL "
+"SELECT 0, 0, 0, 0"
+);
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Clean up resources allocated by recoverWriteDataInit() (stuff in
+** sqlite3_recover.w1).
+*/
+static void recoverWriteDataCleanup(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateW1 *p1 = &p->w1;
+int ii;
+for(ii=0; ii<p1->nVal; ii++){
+sqlite3_value_free(p1->apVal[ii]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(p1->apVal);
+recoverFinalize(p, p1->pInsert);
+recoverFinalize(p, p1->pTbls);
+recoverFinalize(p, p1->pSel);
+memset(p1, 0, sizeof(*p1));
+}
+/*
+** Perform one step (sqlite3_recover_step()) of work for the connection
+** passed as the only argument, which is guaranteed to be in
+** RECOVER_STATE_WRITING state - during which tables recovered from the
+** schema of the input database are populated with recovered data.
+*/
+static int recoverWriteDataStep(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateW1 *p1 = &p->w1;
+sqlite3_stmt *pSel = p1->pSel;
+sqlite3_value **apVal = p1->apVal;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && p1->pTab==0 ){
+if( sqlite3_step(p1->pTbls)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+i64 iRoot = sqlite3_column_int64(p1->pTbls, 0);
+p1->pTab = recoverFindTable(p, iRoot);
+recoverFinalize(p, p1->pInsert);
+p1->pInsert = 0;
+/* If this table is unknown, return early. The caller will invoke this
+** function again and it will move on to the next table.  */
+if( p1->pTab==0 ) return p->errCode;
+/* If this is the sqlite_sequence table, delete any rows added by
+** earlier INSERT statements on tables with AUTOINCREMENT primary
+** keys before recovering its contents. The p1->pTbls SELECT statement
+** is rigged to deliver "sqlite_sequence" last of all, so we don't
+** worry about it being modified after it is recovered. */
+if( sqlite3_stricmp("sqlite_sequence", p1->pTab->zTab)==0 ){
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence");
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence");
+}
+/* Bind the root page of this table within the original database to
+** SELECT statement p1->pSel. The SELECT statement will then iterate
+** through cells that look like they belong to table pTab.  */
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pSel, 1, iRoot);
+p1->nVal = 0;
+p1->bHaveRowid = 0;
+p1->iPrevPage = -1;
+p1->iPrevCell = -1;
+}else{
+return SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+}
+assert( p->errCode!=SQLITE_OK || p1->pTab );
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pSel)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+RecoverTable *pTab = p1->pTab;
+i64 iPage = sqlite3_column_int64(pSel, 0);
+int iCell = sqlite3_column_int(pSel, 1);
+int iField = sqlite3_column_int(pSel, 2);
+sqlite3_value *pVal = sqlite3_column_value(pSel, 3);
+int bNewCell = (p1->iPrevPage!=iPage || p1->iPrevCell!=iCell);
+assert( bNewCell==0 || (iField==-1 || iField==0) );
+assert( bNewCell || iField==p1->nVal || p1->nVal==pTab->nCol );
+if( bNewCell ){
+int ii = 0;
+if( p1->nVal>=0 ){
+if( p1->pInsert==0 || p1->nVal!=p1->nInsert ){
+recoverFinalize(p, p1->pInsert);
+p1->pInsert = recoverInsertStmt(p, pTab, p1->nVal);
+p1->nInsert = p1->nVal;
+}
+if( p1->nVal>0 ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pInsert = p1->pInsert;
+for(ii=0; ii<pTab->nCol; ii++){
+RecoverColumn *pCol = &pTab->aCol[ii];
+int iBind = pCol->iBind;
+if( iBind>0 ){
+if( pCol->bIPK ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, iBind, p1->iRowid);
+}else if( pCol->iField<p1->nVal ){
+recoverBindValue(p, pInsert, iBind, apVal[pCol->iField]);
+}
+}
+}
+if( p->bRecoverRowid && pTab->iRowidBind>0 && p1->bHaveRowid ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, pTab->iRowidBind, p1->iRowid);
+}
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pInsert) ){
+const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pInsert, 0);
+recoverSqlCallback(p, z);
+}
+recoverReset(p, pInsert);
+assert( p->errCode || pInsert );
+if( pInsert ) sqlite3_clear_bindings(pInsert);
+}
+}
+for(ii=0; ii<p1->nVal; ii++){
+sqlite3_value_free(apVal[ii]);
+apVal[ii] = 0;
+}
+p1->nVal = -1;
+p1->bHaveRowid = 0;
+}
+if( iPage!=0 ){
+if( iField<0 ){
+p1->iRowid = sqlite3_column_int64(pSel, 3);
+assert( p1->nVal==-1 );
+p1->nVal = 0;
+p1->bHaveRowid = 1;
+}else if( iField<pTab->nCol ){
+assert( apVal[iField]==0 );
+apVal[iField] = sqlite3_value_dup( pVal );
+if( apVal[iField]==0 ){
+recoverError(p, SQLITE_NOMEM, 0);
+}
+p1->nVal = iField+1;
+}else if( pTab->nCol==0 ){
+p1->nVal = pTab->nCol;
+}
+p1->iPrevCell = iCell;
+p1->iPrevPage = iPage;
+}
+}else{
+recoverReset(p, pSel);
+p1->pTab = 0;
+}
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Initialize resources required by sqlite3_recover_step() in
+** RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1 state - during which the set of pages not
+** already allocated to a recovered schema element is determined.
+*/
+static void recoverLostAndFound1Init(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+assert( p->laf.pUsed==0 );
+pLaf->nPg = recoverPageCount(p);
+pLaf->pUsed = recoverBitmapAlloc(p, pLaf->nPg);
+/* Prepare a statement to iterate through all pages that are part of any tree
+** in the recoverable part of the input database schema to the bitmap. And,
+** if !p->bFreelistCorrupt, add all pages that appear to be part of the
+** freelist.  */
+pStmt = recoverPrepare(
+p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH trunk(pgno) AS ("
+"  SELECT read_i32(getpage(1), 8) AS x WHERE x>0"
+"    UNION"
+"  SELECT read_i32(getpage(trunk.pgno), 0) AS x FROM trunk WHERE x>0"
+"),"
+"trunkdata(pgno, data) AS ("
+"  SELECT pgno, getpage(pgno) FROM trunk"
+"),"
+"freelist(data, n, freepgno) AS ("
+"  SELECT data, min(16384, read_i32(data, 1)-1), pgno FROM trunkdata"
+"    UNION ALL"
+"  SELECT data, n-1, read_i32(data, 2+n) FROM freelist WHERE n>=0"
+"),"
+""
+"roots(r) AS ("
+"  SELECT 1 UNION ALL"
+"  SELECT rootpage FROM recovery.schema WHERE rootpage>0"
+"),"
+"used(page) AS ("
+"  SELECT r FROM roots"
+"    UNION"
+"  SELECT child FROM sqlite_dbptr('getpage()'), used "
+"    WHERE pgno=page"
+") "
+"SELECT page FROM used"
+" UNION ALL "
+"SELECT freepgno FROM freelist WHERE NOT ?"
+);
+if( pStmt ) sqlite3_bind_int(pStmt, 1, p->bFreelistCorrupt);
+pLaf->pUsedPages = pStmt;
+}
+/*
+** Perform one step (sqlite3_recover_step()) of work for the connection
+** passed as the only argument, which is guaranteed to be in
+** RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1 state - during which the set of pages not
+** already allocated to a recovered schema element is determined.
+*/
+static int recoverLostAndFound1Step(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+int rc = p->errCode;
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_step(pLaf->pUsedPages);
+if( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
+i64 iPg = sqlite3_column_int64(pLaf->pUsedPages, 0);
+recoverBitmapSet(pLaf->pUsed, iPg);
+rc = SQLITE_OK;
+}else{
+recoverFinalize(p, pLaf->pUsedPages);
+pLaf->pUsedPages = 0;
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Initialize resources required by RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2
+** state - during which the pages identified in RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1
+** are sorted into sets that likely belonged to the same database tree.
+*/
+static void recoverLostAndFound2Init(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+assert( p->laf.pAllAndParent==0 );
+assert( p->laf.pMapInsert==0 );
+assert( p->laf.pMaxField==0 );
+assert( p->laf.nMaxField==0 );
+pLaf->pMapInsert = recoverPrepare(p, p->dbOut,
+"INSERT OR IGNORE INTO recovery.map(pgno, parent) VALUES(?, ?)"
+);
+pLaf->pAllAndParent = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbOut,
+"WITH RECURSIVE seq(ii) AS ("
+"  SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT ii+1 FROM seq WHERE ii<%lld"
+")"
+"SELECT pgno, child FROM sqlite_dbptr('getpage()') "
+" UNION ALL "
+"SELECT NULL, ii FROM seq", p->laf.nPg
+);
+pLaf->pMaxField = recoverPreparePrintf(p, p->dbOut,
+"SELECT max(field)+1 FROM sqlite_dbdata('getpage') WHERE pgno = ?"
+);
+}
+/*
+** Perform one step (sqlite3_recover_step()) of work for the connection
+** passed as the only argument, which is guaranteed to be in
+** RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2 state - during which the pages identified
+** in RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1 are sorted into sets that likely belonged
+** to the same database tree.
+*/
+static int recoverLostAndFound2Step(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverStateLAF *pLaf = &p->laf;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+int res = sqlite3_step(pLaf->pAllAndParent);
+if( res==SQLITE_ROW ){
+i64 iChild = sqlite3_column_int(pLaf->pAllAndParent, 1);
+if( recoverBitmapQuery(pLaf->pUsed, iChild)==0 ){
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pLaf->pMapInsert, 1, iChild);
+sqlite3_bind_value(pLaf->pMapInsert, 2,
+sqlite3_column_value(pLaf->pAllAndParent, 0)
+);
+sqlite3_step(pLaf->pMapInsert);
+recoverReset(p, pLaf->pMapInsert);
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pLaf->pMaxField, 1, iChild);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pLaf->pMaxField) ){
+int nMax = sqlite3_column_int(pLaf->pMaxField, 0);
+if( nMax>pLaf->nMaxField ) pLaf->nMaxField = nMax;
+}
+recoverReset(p, pLaf->pMaxField);
+}
+}else{
+recoverFinalize(p, pLaf->pAllAndParent);
+pLaf->pAllAndParent =0;
+return SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+}
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Free all resources allocated as part of sqlite3_recover_step() calls
+** in one of the RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND[123] states.
+*/
+static void recoverLostAndFoundCleanup(sqlite3_recover *p){
+recoverBitmapFree(p->laf.pUsed);
+p->laf.pUsed = 0;
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pUsedPages);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pAllAndParent);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pMapInsert);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pMaxField);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pFindRoot);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pInsert);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pAllPage);
+sqlite3_finalize(p->laf.pPageData);
+p->laf.pUsedPages = 0;
+p->laf.pAllAndParent = 0;
+p->laf.pMapInsert = 0;
+p->laf.pMaxField = 0;
+p->laf.pFindRoot = 0;
+p->laf.pInsert = 0;
+p->laf.pAllPage = 0;
+p->laf.pPageData = 0;
+sqlite3_free(p->laf.apVal);
+p->laf.apVal = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Free all resources allocated as part of sqlite3_recover_step() calls.
+*/
+static void recoverFinalCleanup(sqlite3_recover *p){
+RecoverTable *pTab = 0;
+RecoverTable *pNext = 0;
+recoverWriteDataCleanup(p);
+recoverLostAndFoundCleanup(p);
+for(pTab=p->pTblList; pTab; pTab=pNext){
+pNext = pTab->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(pTab);
+}
+p->pTblList = 0;
+sqlite3_finalize(p->pGetPage);
+p->pGetPage = 0;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->dbIn, p->zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE, 0);
+{
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+int res =
+#endif
+sqlite3_close(p->dbOut);
+assert( res==SQLITE_OK );
+}
+p->dbOut = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Decode and return an unsigned 16-bit big-endian integer value from
+** buffer a[].
+*/
+static u32 recoverGetU16(const u8 *a){
+return (((u32)a[0])<<8) + ((u32)a[1]);
+}
+/*
+** Decode and return an unsigned 32-bit big-endian integer value from
+** buffer a[].
+*/
+static u32 recoverGetU32(const u8 *a){
+return (((u32)a[0])<<24) + (((u32)a[1])<<16) + (((u32)a[2])<<8) + ((u32)a[3]);
+}
+/*
+** Decode an SQLite varint from buffer a[]. Write the decoded value to (*pVal)
+** and return the number of bytes consumed.
+*/
+static int recoverGetVarint(const u8 *a, i64 *pVal){
+sqlite3_uint64 u = 0;
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<8; i++){
+u = (u<<7) + (a[i]&0x7f);
+if( (a[i]&0x80)==0 ){ *pVal = (sqlite3_int64)u; return i+1; }
+}
+u = (u<<8) + (a[i]&0xff);
+*pVal = (sqlite3_int64)u;
+return 9;
+}
+/*
+** The second argument points to a buffer n bytes in size. If this buffer
+** or a prefix thereof appears to contain a well-formed SQLite b-tree page,
+** return the page-size in bytes. Otherwise, if the buffer does not
+** appear to contain a well-formed b-tree page, return 0.
+*/
+static int recoverIsValidPage(u8 *aTmp, const u8 *a, int n){
+u8 *aUsed = aTmp;
+int nFrag = 0;
+int nActual = 0;
+int iFree = 0;
+int nCell = 0;                  /* Number of cells on page */
+int iCellOff = 0;               /* Offset of cell array in page */
+int iContent = 0;
+int eType = 0;
+int ii = 0;
+eType = (int)a[0];
+if( eType!=0x02 && eType!=0x05 && eType!=0x0A && eType!=0x0D ) return 0;
+iFree = (int)recoverGetU16(&a[1]);
+nCell = (int)recoverGetU16(&a[3]);
+iContent = (int)recoverGetU16(&a[5]);
+if( iContent==0 ) iContent = 65536;
+nFrag = (int)a[7];
+if( iContent>n ) return 0;
+memset(aUsed, 0, n);
+memset(aUsed, 0xFF, iContent);
+/* Follow the free-list. This is the same format for all b-tree pages. */
+if( iFree && iFree<=iContent ) return 0;
+while( iFree ){
+int iNext = 0;
+int nByte = 0;
+if( iFree>(n-4) ) return 0;
+iNext = recoverGetU16(&a[iFree]);
+nByte = recoverGetU16(&a[iFree+2]);
+if( iFree+nByte>n || nByte<4 ) return 0;
+if( iNext && iNext<iFree+nByte ) return 0;
+memset(&aUsed[iFree], 0xFF, nByte);
+iFree = iNext;
+}
+/* Run through the cells */
+if( eType==0x02 || eType==0x05 ){
+iCellOff = 12;
+}else{
+iCellOff = 8;
+}
+if( (iCellOff + 2*nCell)>iContent ) return 0;
+for(ii=0; ii<nCell; ii++){
+int iByte;
+i64 nPayload = 0;
+int nByte = 0;
+int iOff = recoverGetU16(&a[iCellOff + 2*ii]);
+if( iOff<iContent || iOff>n ){
+return 0;
+}
+if( eType==0x05 || eType==0x02 ) nByte += 4;
+nByte += recoverGetVarint(&a[iOff+nByte], &nPayload);
+if( eType==0x0D ){
+i64 dummy = 0;
+nByte += recoverGetVarint(&a[iOff+nByte], &dummy);
+}
+if( eType!=0x05 ){
+int X = (eType==0x0D) ? n-35 : (((n-12)*64/255)-23);
+int M = ((n-12)*32/255)-23;
+int K = M+((nPayload-M)%(n-4));
+if( nPayload<X ){
+nByte += nPayload;
+}else if( K<=X ){
+nByte += K+4;
+}else{
+nByte += M+4;
+}
+}
+if( iOff+nByte>n ){
+return 0;
+}
+for(iByte=iOff; iByte<(iOff+nByte); iByte++){
+if( aUsed[iByte]!=0 ){
+return 0;
+}
+aUsed[iByte] = 0xFF;
+}
+}
+nActual = 0;
+for(ii=0; ii<n; ii++){
+if( aUsed[ii]==0 ) nActual++;
+}
+return (nActual==nFrag);
+}
+static int recoverVfsClose(sqlite3_file*);
+static int recoverVfsRead(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+static int recoverVfsWrite(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int, sqlite3_int64);
+static int recoverVfsTruncate(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
+static int recoverVfsSync(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
+static int recoverVfsFileSize(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
+static int recoverVfsLock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int recoverVfsUnlock(sqlite3_file*, int);
+static int recoverVfsCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
+static int recoverVfsFileControl(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
+static int recoverVfsSectorSize(sqlite3_file*);
+static int recoverVfsDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file*);
+static int recoverVfsShmMap(sqlite3_file*, int, int, int, void volatile**);
+static int recoverVfsShmLock(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
+static void recoverVfsShmBarrier(sqlite3_file*);
+static int recoverVfsShmUnmap(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
+static int recoverVfsFetch(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64, int, void**);
+static int recoverVfsUnfetch(sqlite3_file *pFd, sqlite3_int64 iOff, void *p);
+static sqlite3_io_methods recover_methods = {
+2, /* iVersion */
+recoverVfsClose,
+recoverVfsRead,
+recoverVfsWrite,
+recoverVfsTruncate,
+recoverVfsSync,
+recoverVfsFileSize,
+recoverVfsLock,
+recoverVfsUnlock,
+recoverVfsCheckReservedLock,
+recoverVfsFileControl,
+recoverVfsSectorSize,
+recoverVfsDeviceCharacteristics,
+recoverVfsShmMap,
+recoverVfsShmLock,
+recoverVfsShmBarrier,
+recoverVfsShmUnmap,
+recoverVfsFetch,
+recoverVfsUnfetch
+};
+static int recoverVfsClose(sqlite3_file *pFd){
+assert( pFd->pMethods!=&recover_methods );
+return pFd->pMethods->xClose(pFd);
+}
+/*
+** Write value v to buffer a[] as a 16-bit big-endian unsigned integer.
+*/
+static void recoverPutU16(u8 *a, u32 v){
+a[0] = (v>>8) & 0x00FF;
+a[1] = (v>>0) & 0x00FF;
+}
+/*
+** Write value v to buffer a[] as a 32-bit big-endian unsigned integer.
+*/
+static void recoverPutU32(u8 *a, u32 v){
+a[0] = (v>>24) & 0x00FF;
+a[1] = (v>>16) & 0x00FF;
+a[2] = (v>>8) & 0x00FF;
+a[3] = (v>>0) & 0x00FF;
+}
+/*
+** Detect the page-size of the database opened by file-handle pFd by
+** searching the first part of the file for a well-formed SQLite b-tree
+** page. If parameter nReserve is non-zero, then as well as searching for
+** a b-tree page with zero reserved bytes, this function searches for one
+** with nReserve reserved bytes at the end of it.
+**
+** If successful, set variable p->detected_pgsz to the detected page-size
+** in bytes and return SQLITE_OK. Or, if no error occurs but no valid page
+** can be found, return SQLITE_OK but leave p->detected_pgsz set to 0. Or,
+** if an error occurs (e.g. an IO or OOM error), then an SQLite error code
+** is returned. The final value of p->detected_pgsz is undefined in this
+** case.
+*/
+static int recoverVfsDetectPagesize(
+sqlite3_recover *p,             /* Recover handle */
+sqlite3_file *pFd,              /* File-handle open on input database */
+u32 nReserve,                   /* Possible nReserve value */
+i64 nSz                         /* Size of database file in bytes */
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const int nMin = 512;
+const int nMax = 65536;
+const int nMaxBlk = 4;
+u32 pgsz = 0;
+int iBlk = 0;
+u8 *aPg = 0;
+u8 *aTmp = 0;
+int nBlk = 0;
+aPg = (u8*)sqlite3_malloc(2*nMax);
+if( aPg==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+aTmp = &aPg[nMax];
+nBlk = (nSz+nMax-1)/nMax;
+if( nBlk>nMaxBlk ) nBlk = nMaxBlk;
+do {
+for(iBlk=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && iBlk<nBlk; iBlk++){
+int nByte = (nSz>=((iBlk+1)*nMax)) ? nMax : (nSz % nMax);
+memset(aPg, 0, nMax);
+rc = pFd->pMethods->xRead(pFd, aPg, nByte, iBlk*nMax);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int pgsz2;
+for(pgsz2=(pgsz ? pgsz*2 : nMin); pgsz2<=nMax; pgsz2=pgsz2*2){
+int iOff;
+for(iOff=0; iOff<nMax; iOff+=pgsz2){
+if( recoverIsValidPage(aTmp, &aPg[iOff], pgsz2-nReserve) ){
+pgsz = pgsz2;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if( pgsz>(u32)p->detected_pgsz ){
+p->detected_pgsz = pgsz;
+p->nReserve = nReserve;
+}
+if( nReserve==0 ) break;
+nReserve = 0;
+}while( 1 );
+p->detected_pgsz = pgsz;
+sqlite3_free(aPg);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** The xRead() method of the wrapper VFS. This is used to intercept calls
+** to read page 1 of the input database.
+*/
+static int recoverVfsRead(sqlite3_file *pFd, void *aBuf, int nByte, i64 iOff){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pFd->pMethods==&recover_methods ){
+pFd->pMethods = recover_g.pMethods;
+rc = pFd->pMethods->xRead(pFd, aBuf, nByte, iOff);
+if( nByte==16 ){
+sqlite3_randomness(16, aBuf);
+}else
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && iOff==0 && nByte>=108 ){
+/* Ensure that the database has a valid header file. The only fields
+** that really matter to recovery are:
+**
+**   + Database page size (16-bits at offset 16)
+**   + Size of db in pages (32-bits at offset 28)
+**   + Database encoding (32-bits at offset 56)
+**
+** Also preserved are:
+**
+**   + first freelist page (32-bits at offset 32)
+**   + size of freelist (32-bits at offset 36)
+**   + the wal-mode flags (16-bits at offset 18)
+**
+** We also try to preserve the auto-vacuum, incr-value, user-version
+** and application-id fields - all 32 bit quantities at offsets
+** 52, 60, 64 and 68. All other fields are set to known good values.
+**
+** Byte offset 105 should also contain the page-size as a 16-bit
+** integer.
+*/
+const int aPreserve[] = {32, 36, 52, 60, 64, 68};
+u8 aHdr[108] = {
+0x53, 0x51, 0x4c, 0x69, 0x74, 0x65, 0x20, 0x66,
+0x6f, 0x72, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x74, 0x20, 0x33, 0x00,
+0xFF, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x40, 0x20, 0x20,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
+0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
+0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
+0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+0x00, 0x2e, 0x5b, 0x30,
+0x0D, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00
+};
+u8 *a = (u8*)aBuf;
+u32 pgsz = recoverGetU16(&a[16]);
+u32 nReserve = a[20];
+u32 enc = recoverGetU32(&a[56]);
+u32 dbsz = 0;
+i64 dbFileSize = 0;
+int ii;
+sqlite3_recover *p = recover_g.p;
+if( pgsz==0x01 ) pgsz = 65536;
+rc = pFd->pMethods->xFileSize(pFd, &dbFileSize);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && p->detected_pgsz==0 ){
+rc = recoverVfsDetectPagesize(p, pFd, nReserve, dbFileSize);
+}
+if( p->detected_pgsz ){
+pgsz = p->detected_pgsz;
+nReserve = p->nReserve;
+}
+if( pgsz ){
+dbsz = dbFileSize / pgsz;
+}
+if( enc!=SQLITE_UTF8 && enc!=SQLITE_UTF16BE && enc!=SQLITE_UTF16LE ){
+enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
+}
+sqlite3_free(p->pPage1Cache);
+p->pPage1Cache = 0;
+p->pPage1Disk = 0;
+p->pgsz = nByte;
+p->pPage1Cache = (u8*)recoverMalloc(p, nByte*2);
+if( p->pPage1Cache ){
+p->pPage1Disk = &p->pPage1Cache[nByte];
+memcpy(p->pPage1Disk, aBuf, nByte);
+aHdr[18] = a[18];
+aHdr[19] = a[19];
+recoverPutU32(&aHdr[28], dbsz);
+recoverPutU32(&aHdr[56], enc);
+recoverPutU16(&aHdr[105], pgsz-nReserve);
+if( pgsz==65536 ) pgsz = 1;
+recoverPutU16(&aHdr[16], pgsz);
+aHdr[20] = nReserve;
+for(ii=0; ii<(int)(sizeof(aPreserve)/sizeof(aPreserve[0])); ii++){
+memcpy(&aHdr[aPreserve[ii]], &a[aPreserve[ii]], 4);
+}
+memcpy(aBuf, aHdr, sizeof(aHdr));
+memset(&((u8*)aBuf)[sizeof(aHdr)], 0, nByte-sizeof(aHdr));
+memcpy(p->pPage1Cache, aBuf, nByte);
+}else{
+rc = p->errCode;
+}
+}
+pFd->pMethods = &recover_methods;
+}else{
+rc = pFd->pMethods->xRead(pFd, aBuf, nByte, iOff);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Used to make sqlite3_io_methods wrapper methods less verbose.
+*/
+#define RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER(code)                         \
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;                                     \
+if( pFd->pMethods==&recover_methods ){                  \
+pFd->pMethods = recover_g.pMethods;                   \
+rc = code;                                            \
+pFd->pMethods = &recover_methods;                     \
+}else{                                                  \
+rc = code;                                            \
+}                                                       \
+return rc;
+/*
+** Methods of the wrapper VFS. All methods except for xRead() and xClose()
+** simply uninstall the sqlite3_io_methods wrapper, invoke the equivalent
+** method on the lower level VFS, then reinstall the wrapper before returning.
+** Those that return an integer value use the RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER macro.
+*/
+static int recoverVfsWrite(
+sqlite3_file *pFd, const void *aBuf, int nByte, i64 iOff
+){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xWrite(pFd, aBuf, nByte, iOff)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsTruncate(sqlite3_file *pFd, sqlite3_int64 size){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xTruncate(pFd, size)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsSync(sqlite3_file *pFd, int flags){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xSync(pFd, flags)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsFileSize(sqlite3_file *pFd, sqlite3_int64 *pSize){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xFileSize(pFd, pSize)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsLock(sqlite3_file *pFd, int eLock){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xLock(pFd, eLock)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsUnlock(sqlite3_file *pFd, int eLock){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xUnlock(pFd, eLock)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *pFd, int *pResOut){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xCheckReservedLock(pFd, pResOut)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsFileControl(sqlite3_file *pFd, int op, void *pArg){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+(pFd->pMethods ?  pFd->pMethods->xFileControl(pFd, op, pArg) : SQLITE_NOTFOUND)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsSectorSize(sqlite3_file *pFd){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xSectorSize(pFd)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file *pFd){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xDeviceCharacteristics(pFd)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsShmMap(
+sqlite3_file *pFd, int iPg, int pgsz, int bExtend, void volatile **pp
+){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xShmMap(pFd, iPg, pgsz, bExtend, pp)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsShmLock(sqlite3_file *pFd, int offset, int n, int flags){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xShmLock(pFd, offset, n, flags)
+);
+}
+static void recoverVfsShmBarrier(sqlite3_file *pFd){
+if( pFd->pMethods==&recover_methods ){
+pFd->pMethods = recover_g.pMethods;
+pFd->pMethods->xShmBarrier(pFd);
+pFd->pMethods = &recover_methods;
+}else{
+pFd->pMethods->xShmBarrier(pFd);
+}
+}
+static int recoverVfsShmUnmap(sqlite3_file *pFd, int deleteFlag){
+RECOVER_VFS_WRAPPER (
+pFd->pMethods->xShmUnmap(pFd, deleteFlag)
+);
+}
+static int recoverVfsFetch(
+sqlite3_file *pFd,
+sqlite3_int64 iOff,
+int iAmt,
+void **pp
+){
+(void)pFd;
+(void)iOff;
+(void)iAmt;
+*pp = 0;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+static int recoverVfsUnfetch(sqlite3_file *pFd, sqlite3_int64 iOff, void *p){
+(void)pFd;
+(void)iOff;
+(void)p;
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Install the VFS wrapper around the file-descriptor open on the input
+** database for recover handle p. Mutex RECOVER_MUTEX_ID must be held
+** when this function is called.
+*/
+static void recoverInstallWrapper(sqlite3_recover *p){
+sqlite3_file *pFd = 0;
+assert( recover_g.pMethods==0 );
+recoverAssertMutexHeld();
+sqlite3_file_control(p->dbIn, p->zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER, (void*)&pFd);
+assert( pFd==0 || pFd->pMethods!=&recover_methods );
+if( pFd && pFd->pMethods ){
+int iVersion = 1 + (pFd->pMethods->iVersion>1 && pFd->pMethods->xShmMap!=0);
+recover_g.pMethods = pFd->pMethods;
+recover_g.p = p;
+recover_methods.iVersion = iVersion;
+pFd->pMethods = &recover_methods;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Uninstall the VFS wrapper that was installed around the file-descriptor open
+** on the input database for recover handle p. Mutex RECOVER_MUTEX_ID must be
+** held when this function is called.
+*/
+static void recoverUninstallWrapper(sqlite3_recover *p){
+sqlite3_file *pFd = 0;
+recoverAssertMutexHeld();
+sqlite3_file_control(p->dbIn, p->zDb,SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER,(void*)&pFd);
+if( pFd && pFd->pMethods ){
+pFd->pMethods = recover_g.pMethods;
+recover_g.pMethods = 0;
+recover_g.p = 0;
+}
+}
+/*
+** This function does the work of a single sqlite3_recover_step() call. It
+** is guaranteed that the handle is not in an error state when this
+** function is called.
+*/
+static void recoverStep(sqlite3_recover *p){
+assert( p && p->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
+switch( p->eState ){
+case RECOVER_STATE_INIT: {
+int bUseWrapper = 1;
+/* This is the very first call to sqlite3_recover_step() on this object.
+*/
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "BEGIN");
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "PRAGMA writable_schema = on");
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "PRAGMA foreign_keys = off");
+recoverEnterMutex();
+/* Open the output database. And register required virtual tables and
+** user functions with the new handle. */
+recoverOpenOutput(p);
+/* Attempt to open a transaction and read page 1 of the input database.
+** Two attempts may be made - one with a wrapper installed to ensure
+** that the database header is sane, and then if that attempt returns
+** SQLITE_NOTADB, then again with no wrapper. The second attempt is
+** required for encrypted databases.  */
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+do{
+p->errCode = SQLITE_OK;
+if( bUseWrapper ) recoverInstallWrapper(p);
+/* Open a transaction on the input database. */
+sqlite3_file_control(p->dbIn, p->zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE, 0);
+recoverExec(p, p->dbIn, "PRAGMA writable_schema = on");
+recoverExec(p, p->dbIn, "BEGIN");
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ) p->bCloseTransaction = 1;
+recoverExec(p, p->dbIn, "SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema");
+recoverTransferSettings(p);
+recoverOpenRecovery(p);
+recoverCacheSchema(p);
+if( bUseWrapper ) recoverUninstallWrapper(p);
+}while( p->errCode==SQLITE_NOTADB
+&& (bUseWrapper--)
+&& SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_exec(p->dbIn, "ROLLBACK", 0, 0, 0)
+);
+}
+recoverLeaveMutex();
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut, "BEGIN");
+recoverWriteSchema1(p);
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_WRITING;
+break;
+}
+case RECOVER_STATE_WRITING: {
+if( p->w1.pTbls==0 ){
+recoverWriteDataInit(p);
+}
+if( SQLITE_DONE==recoverWriteDataStep(p) ){
+recoverWriteDataCleanup(p);
+if( p->zLostAndFound ){
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1;
+}else{
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_SCHEMA2;
+}
+}
+break;
+}
+case RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND1: {
+if( p->laf.pUsed==0 ){
+recoverLostAndFound1Init(p);
+}
+if( SQLITE_DONE==recoverLostAndFound1Step(p) ){
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2;
+}
+break;
+}
+case RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND2: {
+if( p->laf.pAllAndParent==0 ){
+recoverLostAndFound2Init(p);
+}
+if( SQLITE_DONE==recoverLostAndFound2Step(p) ){
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3;
+}
+break;
+}
+case RECOVER_STATE_LOSTANDFOUND3: {
+if( p->laf.pInsert==0 ){
+recoverLostAndFound3Init(p);
+}
+if( SQLITE_DONE==recoverLostAndFound3Step(p) ){
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_SCHEMA2;
+}
+break;
+}
+case RECOVER_STATE_SCHEMA2: {
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+recoverWriteSchema2(p);
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_DONE;
+/* If no error has occurred, commit the write transaction on the output
+** database. Regardless of whether or not an error has occurred, make
+** an attempt to end the read transaction on the input database.  */
+recoverExec(p, p->dbOut, "COMMIT");
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbIn, "END", 0, 0, 0);
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ) p->errCode = rc;
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "PRAGMA writable_schema = off");
+recoverSqlCallback(p, "COMMIT");
+p->eState = RECOVER_STATE_DONE;
+recoverFinalCleanup(p);
+break;
+};
+case RECOVER_STATE_DONE: {
+/* no-op */
+break;
+};
+}
+}
+/*
+** This is a worker function that does the heavy lifting for both init
+** functions:
+**
+**     sqlite3_recover_init()
+**     sqlite3_recover_init_sql()
+**
+** All this function does is allocate space for the recover handle and
+** take copies of the input parameters. All the real work is done within
+** sqlite3_recover_run().
+*/
+sqlite3_recover *recoverInit(
+sqlite3* db,
+const char *zDb,
+const char *zUri,               /* Output URI for _recover_init() */
+int (*xSql)(void*, const char*),/* SQL callback for _recover_init_sql() */
+void *pSqlCtx                   /* Context arg for _recover_init_sql() */
+){
+sqlite3_recover *pRet = 0;
+int nDb = 0;
+int nUri = 0;
+int nByte = 0;
+if( zDb==0 ){ zDb = "main"; }
+nDb = recoverStrlen(zDb);
+nUri = recoverStrlen(zUri);
+nByte = sizeof(sqlite3_recover) + nDb+1 + nUri+1;
+pRet = (sqlite3_recover*)sqlite3_malloc(nByte);
+if( pRet ){
+memset(pRet, 0, nByte);
+pRet->dbIn = db;
+pRet->zDb = (char*)&pRet[1];
+pRet->zUri = &pRet->zDb[nDb+1];
+memcpy(pRet->zDb, zDb, nDb);
+if( nUri>0 && zUri ) memcpy(pRet->zUri, zUri, nUri);
+pRet->xSql = xSql;
+pRet->pSqlCtx = pSqlCtx;
+pRet->bRecoverRowid = RECOVER_ROWID_DEFAULT;
+}
+return pRet;
+}
+/*
+** Initialize a recovery handle that creates a new database containing
+** the recovered data.
+*/
+sqlite3_recover *sqlite3_recover_init(
+sqlite3* db,
+const char *zDb,
+const char *zUri
+){
+return recoverInit(db, zDb, zUri, 0, 0);
+}
+/*
+** Initialize a recovery handle that returns recovered data in the
+** form of SQL statements via a callback.
+*/
+sqlite3_recover *sqlite3_recover_init_sql(
+sqlite3* db,
+const char *zDb,
+int (*xSql)(void*, const char*),
+void *pSqlCtx
+){
+return recoverInit(db, zDb, 0, xSql, pSqlCtx);
+}
+/*
+** Return the handle error message, if any.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_recover_errmsg(sqlite3_recover *p){
+return (p && p->errCode!=SQLITE_NOMEM) ? p->zErrMsg : "out of memory";
+}
+/*
+** Return the handle error code.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_errcode(sqlite3_recover *p){
+return p ? p->errCode : SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+/*
+** Configure the handle.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_config(sqlite3_recover *p, int op, void *pArg){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( p==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else if( p->eState!=RECOVER_STATE_INIT ){
+rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}else{
+switch( op ){
+case 789:
+/* This undocumented magic configuration option is used to set the
+** name of the auxiliary database that is ATTACH-ed to the database
+** connection and used to hold state information during the
+** recovery process.  This option is for debugging use only and
+** is subject to change or removal at any time. */
+sqlite3_free(p->zStateDb);
+p->zStateDb = recoverMPrintf(p, "%s", (char*)pArg);
+break;
+case SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND: {
+const char *zArg = (const char*)pArg;
+sqlite3_free(p->zLostAndFound);
+if( zArg ){
+p->zLostAndFound = recoverMPrintf(p, "%s", zArg);
+}else{
+p->zLostAndFound = 0;
+}
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT:
+p->bFreelistCorrupt = *(int*)pArg;
+break;
+case SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS:
+p->bRecoverRowid = *(int*)pArg;
+break;
+case SQLITE_RECOVER_SLOWINDEXES:
+p->bSlowIndexes = *(int*)pArg;
+break;
+default:
+rc = SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+break;
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Do a unit of work towards the recovery job. Return SQLITE_OK if
+** no error has occurred but database recovery is not finished, SQLITE_DONE
+** if database recovery has been successfully completed, or an SQLite
+** error code if an error has occurred.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_step(sqlite3_recover *p){
+if( p==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ) recoverStep(p);
+if( p->eState==RECOVER_STATE_DONE && p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ){
+return SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+return p->errCode;
+}
+/*
+** Do the configured recovery operation. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
+** else an SQLite error code.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_run(sqlite3_recover *p){
+while( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_recover_step(p) );
+return sqlite3_recover_errcode(p);
+}
+/*
+** Free all resources associated with the recover handle passed as the only
+** argument. The results of using a handle with any sqlite3_recover_**
+** API function after it has been passed to this function are undefined.
+**
+** A copy of the value returned by the first call made to sqlite3_recover_run()
+** on this handle is returned, or SQLITE_OK if sqlite3_recover_run() has
+** not been called on this handle.
+*/
+int sqlite3_recover_finish(sqlite3_recover *p){
+int rc;
+if( p==0 ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+recoverFinalCleanup(p);
+if( p->bCloseTransaction && sqlite3_get_autocommit(p->dbIn)==0 ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->dbIn, "END", 0, 0, 0);
+if( p->errCode==SQLITE_OK ) p->errCode = rc;
+}
+rc = p->errCode;
+sqlite3_free(p->zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(p->zStateDb);
+sqlite3_free(p->zLostAndFound);
+sqlite3_free(p->pPage1Cache);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+#endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+/************************* End ../ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c ********************/
+# endif /* SQLITE_HAVE_SQLITE3R */
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_EXTSRC
+# include SHELL_STRINGIFY(SQLITE_SHELL_EXTSRC)
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+/*
+** State information for a single open session
+*/
+typedef struct OpenSession OpenSession;
+struct OpenSession {
+char *zName;             /* Symbolic name for this session */
+int nFilter;             /* Number of xFilter rejection GLOB patterns */
+char **azFilter;         /* Array of xFilter rejection GLOB patterns */
+sqlite3_session *p;      /* The open session */
+};
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+typedef struct ExpertInfo ExpertInfo;
+struct ExpertInfo {
+sqlite3expert *pExpert;
+int bVerbose;
+};
+#endif
+/* A single line in the EQP output */
+typedef struct EQPGraphRow EQPGraphRow;
+struct EQPGraphRow {
+int iEqpId;           /* ID for this row */
+int iParentId;        /* ID of the parent row */
+EQPGraphRow *pNext;   /* Next row in sequence */
+char zText[1];        /* Text to display for this row */
+};
+/* All EQP output is collected into an instance of the following */
+typedef struct EQPGraph EQPGraph;
+struct EQPGraph {
+EQPGraphRow *pRow;    /* Linked list of all rows of the EQP output */
+EQPGraphRow *pLast;   /* Last element of the pRow list */
+char zPrefix[100];    /* Graph prefix */
+};
+/* Parameters affecting columnar mode result display (defaulting together) */
+typedef struct ColModeOpts {
+int iWrap;            /* In columnar modes, wrap lines reaching this limit */
+u8 bQuote;            /* Quote results for .mode box and table */
+u8 bWordWrap;         /* In columnar modes, wrap at word boundaries  */
+} ColModeOpts;
+#define ColModeOpts_default { 60, 0, 0 }
+#define ColModeOpts_default_qbox { 60, 1, 0 }
+/*
+** State information about the database connection is contained in an
+** instance of the following structure.
+*/
+typedef struct ShellState ShellState;
+struct ShellState {
+sqlite3 *db;           /* The database */
+u8 autoExplain;        /* Automatically turn on .explain mode */
+u8 autoEQP;            /* Run EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prior to each SQL stmt */
+u8 autoEQPtest;        /* autoEQP is in test mode */
+u8 autoEQPtrace;       /* autoEQP is in trace mode */
+u8 scanstatsOn;        /* True to display scan stats before each finalize */
+u8 openMode;           /* SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL, _APPENDVFS, or _ZIPFILE */
+u8 doXdgOpen;          /* Invoke start/open/xdg-open in output_reset() */
+u8 nEqpLevel;          /* Depth of the EQP output graph */
+u8 eTraceType;         /* SHELL_TRACE_* value for type of trace */
+u8 bSafeMode;          /* True to prohibit unsafe operations */
+u8 bSafeModePersist;   /* The long-term value of bSafeMode */
+u8 eRestoreState;      /* See comments above doAutoDetectRestore() */
+u8 crlfMode;           /* Do NL-to-CRLF translations when enabled (maybe) */
+u8 eEscMode;           /* Escape mode for text output */
+ColModeOpts cmOpts;    /* Option values affecting columnar mode output */
+unsigned statsOn;      /* True to display memory stats before each finalize */
+unsigned mEqpLines;    /* Mask of vertical lines in the EQP output graph */
+int inputNesting;      /* Track nesting level of .read and other redirects */
+int outCount;          /* Revert to stdout when reaching zero */
+int cnt;               /* Number of records displayed so far */
+i64 lineno;            /* Line number of last line read from in */
+int openFlags;         /* Additional flags to open.  (SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW) */
+FILE *in;              /* Read commands from this stream */
+FILE *out;             /* Write results here */
+FILE *traceOut;        /* Output for sqlite3_trace() */
+int nErr;              /* Number of errors seen */
+int mode;              /* An output mode setting */
+int modePrior;         /* Saved mode */
+int cMode;             /* temporary output mode for the current query */
+int normalMode;        /* Output mode before ".explain on" */
+int writableSchema;    /* True if PRAGMA writable_schema=ON */
+int showHeader;        /* True to show column names in List or Column mode */
+int nCheck;            /* Number of ".check" commands run */
+unsigned nProgress;    /* Number of progress callbacks encountered */
+unsigned mxProgress;   /* Maximum progress callbacks before failing */
+unsigned flgProgress;  /* Flags for the progress callback */
+unsigned shellFlgs;    /* Various flags */
+unsigned priorShFlgs;  /* Saved copy of flags */
+sqlite3_int64 szMax;   /* --maxsize argument to .open */
+char *zDestTable;      /* Name of destination table when MODE_Insert */
+char *zTempFile;       /* Temporary file that might need deleting */
+char zTestcase[30];    /* Name of current test case */
+char colSeparator[20]; /* Column separator character for several modes */
+char rowSeparator[20]; /* Row separator character for MODE_Ascii */
+char colSepPrior[20];  /* Saved column separator */
+char rowSepPrior[20];  /* Saved row separator */
+int *colWidth;         /* Requested width of each column in columnar modes */
+int *actualWidth;      /* Actual width of each column */
+int nWidth;            /* Number of slots in colWidth[] and actualWidth[] */
+char nullValue[20];    /* The text to print when a NULL comes back from
+** the database */
+char outfile[FILENAME_MAX]; /* Filename for *out */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;   /* Current statement if any. */
+FILE *pLog;            /* Write log output here */
+struct AuxDb {         /* Storage space for auxiliary database connections */
+sqlite3 *db;               /* Connection pointer */
+const char *zDbFilename;   /* Filename used to open the connection */
+char *zFreeOnClose;        /* Free this memory allocation on close */
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+int nSession;              /* Number of active sessions */
+OpenSession aSession[4];   /* Array of sessions.  [0] is in focus. */
+#endif
+} aAuxDb[5],           /* Array of all database connections */
+*pAuxDb;             /* Currently active database connection */
+int *aiIndent;         /* Array of indents used in MODE_Explain */
+int nIndent;           /* Size of array aiIndent[] */
+int iIndent;           /* Index of current op in aiIndent[] */
+char *zNonce;          /* Nonce for temporary safe-mode escapes */
+EQPGraph sGraph;       /* Information for the graphical EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+ExpertInfo expert;     /* Valid if previous command was ".expert OPT..." */
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+struct {
+const char * zInput; /* Input string from wasm/JS proxy */
+const char * zPos;   /* Cursor pos into zInput */
+const char * zDefaultDbName; /* Default name for db file */
+} wasm;
+#endif
+};
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+static ShellState shellState;
+#endif
+/* Allowed values for ShellState.autoEQP
+*/
+#define AUTOEQP_off      0           /* Automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN is off */
+#define AUTOEQP_on       1           /* Automatic EQP is on */
+#define AUTOEQP_trigger  2           /* On and also show plans for triggers */
+#define AUTOEQP_full     3           /* Show full EXPLAIN */
+/* Allowed values for ShellState.openMode
+*/
+#define SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC      0      /* No open-mode specified */
+#define SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL      1      /* Normal database file */
+#define SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS   2      /* Use appendvfs */
+#define SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE     3      /* Use the zipfile virtual table */
+#define SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE 4      /* Open using sqlite3_deserialize() */
+#define SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB       5      /* Use "dbtotxt" output as data source */
+/* Allowed values for ShellState.eTraceType
+*/
+#define SHELL_TRACE_PLAIN      0      /* Show input SQL text */
+#define SHELL_TRACE_EXPANDED   1      /* Show expanded SQL text */
+#define SHELL_TRACE_NORMALIZED 2      /* Show normalized SQL text */
+/* Bits in the ShellState.flgProgress variable */
+#define SHELL_PROGRESS_QUIET 0x01  /* Omit announcing every progress callback */
+#define SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET 0x02  /* Reset the count when the progress
+** callback limit is reached, and for each
+** top-level SQL statement */
+#define SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE  0x04  /* Cancel the --limit after firing once */
+/* Allowed values for ShellState.eEscMode.  The default value should
+** be 0, so to change the default, reorder the names.
+*/
+#define SHELL_ESC_ASCII        0      /* Substitute ^Y for X where Y=X+0x40 */
+#define SHELL_ESC_SYMBOL       1      /* Substitute U+2400 graphics */
+#define SHELL_ESC_OFF          2      /* Send characters verbatim */
+static const char *shell_EscModeNames[] = { "ascii", "symbol", "off" };
+/*
+** These are the allowed shellFlgs values
+*/
+#define SHFLG_Pagecache      0x00000001 /* The --pagecache option is used */
+#define SHFLG_Lookaside      0x00000002 /* Lookaside memory is used */
+#define SHFLG_Backslash      0x00000004 /* The --backslash option is used */
+#define SHFLG_PreserveRowid  0x00000008 /* .dump preserves rowid values */
+#define SHFLG_Newlines       0x00000010 /* .dump --newline flag */
+#define SHFLG_CountChanges   0x00000020 /* .changes setting */
+#define SHFLG_Echo           0x00000040 /* .echo on/off, or --echo setting */
+#define SHFLG_HeaderSet      0x00000080 /* showHeader has been specified */
+#define SHFLG_DumpDataOnly   0x00000100 /* .dump show data only */
+#define SHFLG_DumpNoSys      0x00000200 /* .dump omits system tables */
+#define SHFLG_TestingMode    0x00000400 /* allow unsafe testing features */
+/*
+** Macros for testing and setting shellFlgs
+*/
+#define ShellHasFlag(P,X)    (((P)->shellFlgs & (X))!=0)
+#define ShellSetFlag(P,X)    ((P)->shellFlgs|=(X))
+#define ShellClearFlag(P,X)  ((P)->shellFlgs&=(~(X)))
+/*
+** These are the allowed modes.
+*/
+#define MODE_Line     0  /* One column per line.  Blank line between records */
+#define MODE_Column   1  /* One record per line in neat columns */
+#define MODE_List     2  /* One record per line with a separator */
+#define MODE_Semi     3  /* Same as MODE_List but append ";" to each line */
+#define MODE_Html     4  /* Generate an XHTML table */
+#define MODE_Insert   5  /* Generate SQL "insert" statements */
+#define MODE_Quote    6  /* Quote values as for SQL */
+#define MODE_Tcl      7  /* Generate ANSI-C or TCL quoted elements */
+#define MODE_Csv      8  /* Quote strings, numbers are plain */
+#define MODE_Explain  9  /* Like MODE_Column, but do not truncate data */
+#define MODE_Ascii   10  /* Use ASCII unit and record separators (0x1F/0x1E) */
+#define MODE_Pretty  11  /* Pretty-print schemas */
+#define MODE_EQP     12  /* Converts EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output into a graph */
+#define MODE_Json    13  /* Output JSON */
+#define MODE_Markdown 14 /* Markdown formatting */
+#define MODE_Table   15  /* MySQL-style table formatting */
+#define MODE_Box     16  /* Unicode box-drawing characters */
+#define MODE_Count   17  /* Output only a count of the rows of output */
+#define MODE_Off     18  /* No query output shown */
+#define MODE_ScanExp 19  /* Like MODE_Explain, but for ".scanstats vm" */
+#define MODE_Www     20  /* Full web-page output */
+static const char *modeDescr[] = {
+"line",
+"column",
+"list",
+"semi",
+"html",
+"insert",
+"quote",
+"tcl",
+"csv",
+"explain",
+"ascii",
+"prettyprint",
+"eqp",
+"json",
+"markdown",
+"table",
+"box",
+"count",
+"off",
+"scanexp",
+"www",
+};
+/*
+** These are the column/row/line separators used by the various
+** import/export modes.
+*/
+#define SEP_Column    "|"
+#define SEP_Row       "\n"
+#define SEP_Tab       "\t"
+#define SEP_Space     " "
+#define SEP_Comma     ","
+#define SEP_CrLf      "\r\n"
+#define SEP_Unit      "\x1F"
+#define SEP_Record    "\x1E"
+/*
+** Limit input nesting via .read or any other input redirect.
+** It's not too expensive, so a generous allowance can be made.
+*/
+#define MAX_INPUT_NESTING 25
+/*
+** A callback for the sqlite3_log() interface.
+*/
+static void shellLog(void *pArg, int iErrCode, const char *zMsg){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
+if( p->pLog==0 ) return;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->pLog, "(%d) %s\n", iErrCode, zMsg);
+fflush(p->pLog);
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:  shell_putsnl(X)
+**
+** Write the text X to the screen (or whatever output is being directed)
+** adding a newline at the end, and then return X.
+*/
+static void shellPutsFunc(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+(void)nVal;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]));
+sqlite3_result_value(pCtx, apVal[0]);
+}
+/*
+** If in safe mode, print an error message described by the arguments
+** and exit immediately.
+*/
+static void failIfSafeMode(
+ShellState *p,
+const char *zErrMsg,
+...
+){
+if( p->bSafeMode ){
+va_list ap;
+char *zMsg;
+va_start(ap, zErrMsg);
+zMsg = sqlite3_vmprintf(zErrMsg, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "line %lld: %s\n", p->lineno, zMsg);
+exit(1);
+}
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:   edit(VALUE)
+**                 edit(VALUE,EDITOR)
+**
+** These steps:
+**
+**     (1) Write VALUE into a temporary file.
+**     (2) Run program EDITOR on that temporary file.
+**     (3) Read the temporary file back and return its content as the result.
+**     (4) Delete the temporary file
+**
+** If the EDITOR argument is omitted, use the value in the VISUAL
+** environment variable.  If still there is no EDITOR, through an error.
+**
+** Also throw an error if the EDITOR program returns a non-zero exit code.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
+static void editFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argc,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+const char *zEditor;
+char *zTempFile = 0;
+sqlite3 *db;
+char *zCmd = 0;
+int bBin;
+int rc;
+int hasCRLF = 0;
+FILE *f = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 sz;
+sqlite3_int64 x;
+unsigned char *p = 0;
+if( argc==2 ){
+zEditor = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
+}else{
+zEditor = getenv("VISUAL");
+}
+if( zEditor==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "no editor for edit()", -1);
+return;
+}
+if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "NULL input to edit()", -1);
+return;
+}
+db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
+zTempFile = 0;
+sqlite3_file_control(db, 0, SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME, &zTempFile);
+if( zTempFile==0 ){
+sqlite3_uint64 r = 0;
+sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(r), &r);
+zTempFile = sqlite3_mprintf("temp%llx", r);
+if( zTempFile==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+return;
+}
+}
+bBin = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_BLOB;
+/* When writing the file to be edited, do \n to \r\n conversions on systems
+** that want \r\n line endings */
+f = sqlite3_fopen(zTempFile, bBin ? "wb" : "w");
+if( f==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "edit() cannot open temp file", -1);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+sz = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+if( bBin ){
+x = fwrite(sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]), 1, (size_t)sz, f);
+}else{
+const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+/* Remember whether or not the value originally contained \r\n */
+if( z && strstr(z,"\r\n")!=0 ) hasCRLF = 1;
+x = fwrite(sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), 1, (size_t)sz, f);
+}
+fclose(f);
+f = 0;
+if( x!=sz ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "edit() could not write the whole file", -1);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf("%s \"%s\"", zEditor, zTempFile);
+if( zCmd==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+rc = system(zCmd);
+sqlite3_free(zCmd);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "EDITOR returned non-zero", -1);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+f = sqlite3_fopen(zTempFile, "rb");
+if( f==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context,
+"edit() cannot reopen temp file after edit", -1);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
+sz = ftell(f);
+rewind(f);
+p = sqlite3_malloc64( sz+1 );
+if( p==0 ){
+sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+x = fread(p, 1, (size_t)sz, f);
+fclose(f);
+f = 0;
+if( x!=sz ){
+sqlite3_result_error(context, "could not read back the whole file", -1);
+goto edit_func_end;
+}
+if( bBin ){
+sqlite3_result_blob64(context, p, sz, sqlite3_free);
+}else{
+sqlite3_int64 i, j;
+if( hasCRLF ){
+/* If the original contains \r\n then do no conversions back to \n */
+}else{
+/* If the file did not originally contain \r\n then convert any new
+** \r\n back into \n */
+p[sz] = 0;
+for(i=j=0; i<sz; i++){
+if( p[i]=='\r' && p[i+1]=='\n' ) i++;
+p[j++] = p[i];
+}
+sz = j;
+p[sz] = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_result_text64(context, (const char*)p, sz,
+sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
+}
+p = 0;
+edit_func_end:
+if( f ) fclose(f);
+unlink(zTempFile);
+sqlite3_free(zTempFile);
+sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM */
+/*
+** Save or restore the current output mode
+*/
+static void outputModePush(ShellState *p){
+p->modePrior = p->mode;
+p->priorShFlgs = p->shellFlgs;
+memcpy(p->colSepPrior, p->colSeparator, sizeof(p->colSeparator));
+memcpy(p->rowSepPrior, p->rowSeparator, sizeof(p->rowSeparator));
+}
+static void outputModePop(ShellState *p){
+p->mode = p->modePrior;
+p->shellFlgs = p->priorShFlgs;
+memcpy(p->colSeparator, p->colSepPrior, sizeof(p->colSeparator));
+memcpy(p->rowSeparator, p->rowSepPrior, sizeof(p->rowSeparator));
+}
+/*
+** Set output mode to text or binary for Windows.
+*/
+static void setCrlfMode(ShellState *p){
+#ifdef _WIN32
+if( p->crlfMode ){
+sqlite3_fsetmode(p->out, _O_TEXT);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fsetmode(p->out, _O_BINARY);
+}
+#else
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(p);
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string as a hex-encoded blob (eg. X'1234' )
+*/
+static void output_hex_blob(FILE *out, const void *pBlob, int nBlob){
+int i;
+unsigned char *aBlob = (unsigned char*)pBlob;
+char *zStr = sqlite3_malloc64((i64)nBlob*2 + 1);
+shell_check_oom(zStr);
+for(i=0; i<nBlob; i++){
+static const char aHex[] = {
+'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
+'8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
+};
+zStr[i*2] = aHex[ (aBlob[i] >> 4) ];
+zStr[i*2+1] = aHex[ (aBlob[i] & 0x0F) ];
+}
+zStr[i*2] = '\0';
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "X'%s'", zStr);
+sqlite3_free(zStr);
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string as a quoted string using SQL quoting conventions:
+**
+**   (1)   Single quotes (') within the string are doubled
+**   (2)   The while string is enclosed in '...'
+**   (3)   Control characters other than \n, \t, and \r\n are escaped
+**         using \u00XX notation and if such substitutions occur,
+**         the whole string is enclosed in unistr('...') instead of '...'.
+**
+** Step (3) is omitted if the control-character escape mode is OFF.
+**
+** See also: output_quoted_escaped_string() which does the same except
+** that it does not make exceptions for \n, \t, and \r\n in step (3).
+*/
+static void output_quoted_string(ShellState *p, const char *zInX){
+int i;
+int needUnistr = 0;
+int needDblQuote = 0;
+const unsigned char *z = (const unsigned char*)zInX;
+unsigned char c;
+FILE *out = p->out;
+sqlite3_fsetmode(out, _O_BINARY);
+if( z==0 ) return;
+for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){
+if( c=='\'' ){ needDblQuote = 1; }
+if( c>0x1f ) continue;
+if( c=='\t' || c=='\n' ) continue;
+if( c=='\r' && z[i+1]=='\n' ) continue;
+needUnistr = 1;
+break;
+}
+if( (needDblQuote==0 && needUnistr==0)
+|| (needDblQuote==0 && p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF)
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "'%s'",z);
+}else if( p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF ){
+char *zEncoded = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q", z);
+sqlite3_fputs(zEncoded, out);
+sqlite3_free(zEncoded);
+}else{
+if( needUnistr ){
+sqlite3_fputs("unistr('", out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("'", out);
+}
+while( *z ){
+for(i=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){
+if( c=='\'' ) break;
+if( c>0x1f ) continue;
+if( c=='\t' || c=='\n' ) continue;
+if( c=='\r' && z[i+1]=='\n' ) continue;
+break;
+}
+if( i ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", i, z);
+z += i;
+}
+if( c==0 ) break;
+if( c=='\'' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("''", out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "\\u%04x", c);
+}
+z++;
+}
+if( needUnistr ){
+sqlite3_fputs("')", out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("'", out);
+}
+}
+setCrlfMode(p);
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string as a quoted string using SQL quoting conventions.
+** Additionallly , escape the "\n" and "\r" characters so that they do not
+** get corrupted by end-of-line translation facilities in some operating
+** systems.
+**
+** This is like output_quoted_string() but with the addition of the \r\n
+** escape mechanism.
+*/
+static void output_quoted_escaped_string(ShellState *p, const char *z){
+char *zEscaped;
+sqlite3_fsetmode(p->out, _O_BINARY);
+if( p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF ){
+zEscaped = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q", z);
+}else{
+zEscaped = sqlite3_mprintf("%#Q", z);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(zEscaped, p->out);
+sqlite3_free(zEscaped);
+setCrlfMode(p);
+}
+/*
+** Find earliest of chars within s specified in zAny.
+** With ns == ~0, is like strpbrk(s,zAny) and s must be 0-terminated.
+*/
+static const char *anyOfInStr(const char *s, const char *zAny, size_t ns){
+const char *pcFirst = 0;
+if( ns == ~(size_t)0 ) ns = strlen(s);
+while(*zAny){
+const char *pc = (const char*)memchr(s, *zAny&0xff, ns);
+if( pc ){
+pcFirst = pc;
+ns = pcFirst - s;
+}
+++zAny;
+}
+return pcFirst;
+}
+/* Skip over as much z[] input char sequence as is valid UTF-8,
+** limited per nAccept char's or whole characters and containing
+** no char cn such that ((1<<cn) & ccm)!=0. On return, the
+** sequence z:return (inclusive:exclusive) is validated UTF-8.
+** Limit: nAccept>=0 => char count, nAccept<0 => character
+*/
+const char *zSkipValidUtf8(const char *z, int nAccept, long ccm){
+int ng = (nAccept<0)? -nAccept : 0;
+const char *pcLimit = (nAccept>=0)? z+nAccept : 0;
+assert(z!=0);
+while( (pcLimit)? (z<pcLimit) : (ng-- != 0) ){
+unsigned char c = *(u8*)z;
+if( c<0x7f ){
+if( ccm != 0L && c < 0x20 && ((1L<<c) & ccm) != 0 ) return z;
+++z; /* ASCII */
+}else if( (c & 0xC0) != 0xC0 ) return z; /* not a lead byte */
+else{
+const char *zt = z+1; /* Got lead byte, look at trail bytes.*/
+do{
+if( pcLimit && zt >= pcLimit ) return z;
+else{
+char ct = *zt++;
+if( ct==0 || (zt-z)>4 || (ct & 0xC0)!=0x80 ){
+/* Trailing bytes are too few, too many, or invalid. */
+return z;
+}
+}
+} while( ((c <<= 1) & 0x40) == 0x40 ); /* Eat lead byte's count. */
+z = zt;
+}
+}
+return z;
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string as a quoted according to C or TCL quoting rules.
+*/
+static void output_c_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
+char c;
+static const char *zq = "\"";
+static long ctrlMask = ~0L;
+static const char *zDQBSRO = "\"\\\x7f"; /* double-quote, backslash, rubout */
+char ace[3] = "\\?";
+char cbsSay;
+sqlite3_fputs(zq, out);
+while( *z!=0 ){
+const char *pcDQBSRO = anyOfInStr(z, zDQBSRO, ~(size_t)0);
+const char *pcPast = zSkipValidUtf8(z, INT_MAX, ctrlMask);
+const char *pcEnd = (pcDQBSRO && pcDQBSRO < pcPast)? pcDQBSRO : pcPast;
+if( pcEnd > z ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", (int)(pcEnd-z), z);
+}
+if( (c = *pcEnd)==0 ) break;
+++pcEnd;
+switch( c ){
+case '\\': case '"':
+cbsSay = (char)c;
+break;
+case '\t': cbsSay = 't'; break;
+case '\n': cbsSay = 'n'; break;
+case '\r': cbsSay = 'r'; break;
+case '\f': cbsSay = 'f'; break;
+default: cbsSay = 0; break;
+}
+if( cbsSay ){
+ace[1] = cbsSay;
+sqlite3_fputs(ace, out);
+}else if( !isprint(c&0xff) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "\\%03o", c&0xff);
+}else{
+ace[1] = (char)c;
+sqlite3_fputs(ace+1, out);
+}
+z = pcEnd;
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(zq, out);
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string as quoted according to JSON quoting rules.
+*/
+static void output_json_string(FILE *out, const char *z, i64 n){
+unsigned char c;
+static const char *zq = "\"";
+static long ctrlMask = ~0L;
+static const char *zDQBS = "\"\\";
+const char *pcLimit;
+char ace[3] = "\\?";
+char cbsSay;
+if( z==0 ) z = "";
+pcLimit = z + ((n<0)? strlen(z) : (size_t)n);
+sqlite3_fputs(zq, out);
+while( z < pcLimit ){
+const char *pcDQBS = anyOfInStr(z, zDQBS, pcLimit-z);
+const char *pcPast = zSkipValidUtf8(z, (int)(pcLimit-z), ctrlMask);
+const char *pcEnd = (pcDQBS && pcDQBS < pcPast)? pcDQBS : pcPast;
+if( pcEnd > z ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", (int)(pcEnd-z), z);
+z = pcEnd;
+}
+if( z >= pcLimit ) break;
+c = (unsigned char)*(z++);
+switch( c ){
+case '"': case '\\':
+cbsSay = (char)c;
+break;
+case '\b': cbsSay = 'b'; break;
+case '\f': cbsSay = 'f'; break;
+case '\n': cbsSay = 'n'; break;
+case '\r': cbsSay = 'r'; break;
+case '\t': cbsSay = 't'; break;
+default: cbsSay = 0; break;
+}
+if( cbsSay ){
+ace[1] = cbsSay;
+sqlite3_fputs(ace, out);
+}else if( c<=0x1f || c>=0x7f ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "\\u%04x", c);
+}else{
+ace[1] = (char)c;
+sqlite3_fputs(ace+1, out);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(zq, out);
+}
+/*
+** Escape the input string if it is needed and in accordance with
+** eEscMode.
+**
+** Escaping is needed if the string contains any control characters
+** other than \t, \n, and \r\n
+**
+** If no escaping is needed (the common case) then set *ppFree to NULL
+** and return the original string.  If escaping is needed, write the
+** escaped string into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc64() or the
+** equivalent, and return the new string and set *ppFree to the new string
+** as well.
+**
+** The caller is responsible for freeing *ppFree if it is non-NULL in order
+** to reclaim memory.
+*/
+static const char *escapeOutput(
+ShellState *p,
+const char *zInX,
+char **ppFree
+){
+i64 i, j;
+i64 nCtrl = 0;
+unsigned char *zIn;
+unsigned char c;
+unsigned char *zOut;
+/* No escaping if disabled */
+if( p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF ){
+*ppFree = 0;
+return zInX;
+}
+/* Count the number of control characters in the string. */
+zIn = (unsigned char*)zInX;
+for(i=0; (c = zIn[i])!=0; i++){
+if( c<=0x1f
+&& c!='\t'
+&& c!='\n'
+&& (c!='\r' || zIn[i+1]!='\n')
+){
+nCtrl++;
+}
+}
+if( nCtrl==0 ){
+*ppFree = 0;
+return zInX;
+}
+if( p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_SYMBOL ) nCtrl *= 2;
+zOut = sqlite3_malloc64( i + nCtrl + 1 );
+shell_check_oom(zOut);
+for(i=j=0; (c = zIn[i])!=0; i++){
+if( c>0x1f
+|| c=='\t'
+|| c=='\n'
+|| (c=='\r' && zIn[i+1]=='\n')
+){
+continue;
+}
+if( i>0 ){
+memcpy(&zOut[j], zIn, i);
+j += i;
+}
+zIn += i+1;
+i = -1;
+switch( p->eEscMode ){
+case SHELL_ESC_SYMBOL:
+zOut[j++] = 0xe2;
+zOut[j++] = 0x90;
+zOut[j++] = 0x80+c;
+break;
+case SHELL_ESC_ASCII:
+zOut[j++] = '^';
+zOut[j++] = 0x40+c;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( i>0 ){
+memcpy(&zOut[j], zIn, i);
+j += i;
+}
+zOut[j] = 0;
+*ppFree = (char*)zOut;
+return (char*)zOut;
+}
+/*
+** Output the given string with characters that are special to
+** HTML escaped.
+*/
+static void output_html_string(FILE *out, const char *z){
+int i;
+if( z==0 ) z = "";
+while( *z ){
+for(i=0;   z[i]
+&& z[i]!='<'
+&& z[i]!='&'
+&& z[i]!='>'
+&& z[i]!='\"'
+&& z[i]!='\'';
+i++){}
+if( i>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s",i,z);
+}
+if( z[i]=='<' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("&lt;", out);
+}else if( z[i]=='&' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("&amp;", out);
+}else if( z[i]=='>' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("&gt;", out);
+}else if( z[i]=='\"' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("&quot;", out);
+}else if( z[i]=='\'' ){
+sqlite3_fputs("&#39;", out);
+}else{
+break;
+}
+z += i + 1;
+}
+}
+/*
+** If a field contains any character identified by a 1 in the following
+** array, then the string must be quoted for CSV.
+*/
+static const char needCsvQuote[] = {
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+};
+/*
+** Output a single term of CSV.  Actually, p->colSeparator is used for
+** the separator, which may or may not be a comma.  p->nullValue is
+** the null value.  Strings are quoted if necessary.  The separator
+** is only issued if bSep is true.
+*/
+static void output_csv(ShellState *p, const char *z, int bSep){
+if( z==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s",p->nullValue);
+}else{
+unsigned i;
+for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
+if( needCsvQuote[((unsigned char*)z)[i]] ){
+i = 0;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( i==0 || strstr(z, p->colSeparator)!=0 ){
+char *zQuoted = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", z);
+shell_check_oom(zQuoted);
+sqlite3_fputs(zQuoted, p->out);
+sqlite3_free(zQuoted);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+}
+}
+if( bSep ){
+sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+}
+}
+/*
+** This routine runs when the user presses Ctrl-C
+*/
+static void interrupt_handler(int NotUsed){
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);
+if( ++seenInterrupt>1 ) exit(1);
+if( globalDb ) sqlite3_interrupt(globalDb);
+}
+#if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+/*
+** This routine runs for console events (e.g. Ctrl-C) on Win32
+*/
+static BOOL WINAPI ConsoleCtrlHandler(
+DWORD dwCtrlType /* One of the CTRL_*_EVENT constants */
+){
+if( dwCtrlType==CTRL_C_EVENT ){
+interrupt_handler(0);
+return TRUE;
+}
+return FALSE;
+}
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+/*
+** This authorizer runs in safe mode.
+*/
+static int safeModeAuth(
+void *pClientData,
+int op,
+const char *zA1,
+const char *zA2,
+const char *zA3,
+const char *zA4
+){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pClientData;
+static const char *azProhibitedFunctions[] = {
+"edit",
+"fts3_tokenizer",
+"load_extension",
+"readfile",
+"writefile",
+"zipfile",
+"zipfile_cds",
+};
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(zA1);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(zA3);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(zA4);
+switch( op ){
+case SQLITE_ATTACH: {
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* In WASM builds the filesystem is a virtual sandbox, so
+** there's no harm in using ATTACH. */
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run ATTACH in safe mode");
+#endif
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FUNCTION: {
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azProhibitedFunctions); i++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zA2, azProhibitedFunctions[i])==0 ){
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot use the %s() function in safe mode",
+azProhibitedFunctions[i]);
+}
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** When the ".auth ON" is set, the following authorizer callback is
+** invoked.  It always returns SQLITE_OK.
+*/
+static int shellAuth(
+void *pClientData,
+int op,
+const char *zA1,
+const char *zA2,
+const char *zA3,
+const char *zA4
+){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pClientData;
+static const char *azAction[] = { 0,
+"CREATE_INDEX",         "CREATE_TABLE",         "CREATE_TEMP_INDEX",
+"CREATE_TEMP_TABLE",    "CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER",  "CREATE_TEMP_VIEW",
+"CREATE_TRIGGER",       "CREATE_VIEW",          "DELETE",
+"DROP_INDEX",           "DROP_TABLE",           "DROP_TEMP_INDEX",
+"DROP_TEMP_TABLE",      "DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER",    "DROP_TEMP_VIEW",
+"DROP_TRIGGER",         "DROP_VIEW",            "INSERT",
+"PRAGMA",               "READ",                 "SELECT",
+"TRANSACTION",          "UPDATE",               "ATTACH",
+"DETACH",               "ALTER_TABLE",          "REINDEX",
+"ANALYZE",              "CREATE_VTABLE",        "DROP_VTABLE",
+"FUNCTION",             "SAVEPOINT",            "RECURSIVE"
+};
+int i;
+const char *az[4];
+az[0] = zA1;
+az[1] = zA2;
+az[2] = zA3;
+az[3] = zA4;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "authorizer: %s", azAction[op]);
+for(i=0; i<4; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs(" ", p->out);
+if( az[i] ){
+output_c_string(p->out, az[i]);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("NULL", p->out);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+if( p->bSafeMode ) (void)safeModeAuth(pClientData, op, zA1, zA2, zA3, zA4);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Print a schema statement.  Part of MODE_Semi and MODE_Pretty output.
+**
+** This routine converts some CREATE TABLE statements for shadow tables
+** in FTS3/4/5 into CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statements.
+**
+** If the schema statement in z[] contains a start-of-comment and if
+** sqlite3_complete() returns false, try to terminate the comment before
+** printing the result.  https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/d7be961c5c
+*/
+static void printSchemaLine(FILE *out, const char *z, const char *zTail){
+char *zToFree = 0;
+if( z==0 ) return;
+if( zTail==0 ) return;
+if( zTail[0]==';' && (strstr(z, "/*")!=0 || strstr(z,"--")!=0) ){
+const char *zOrig = z;
+static const char *azTerm[] = { "", "*/", "\n" };
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azTerm); i++){
+char *zNew = sqlite3_mprintf("%s%s;", zOrig, azTerm[i]);
+shell_check_oom(zNew);
+if( sqlite3_complete(zNew) ){
+size_t n = strlen(zNew);
+zNew[n-1] = 0;
+zToFree = zNew;
+z = zNew;
+break;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zNew);
+}
+}
+if( sqlite3_strglob("CREATE TABLE ['\"]*", z)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS %s%s", z+13, zTail);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s%s", z, zTail);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zToFree);
+}
+static void printSchemaLineN(FILE *out, char *z, int n, const char *zTail){
+char c = z[n];
+z[n] = 0;
+printSchemaLine(out, z, zTail);
+z[n] = c;
+}
+/*
+** Return true if string z[] has nothing but whitespace and comments to the
+** end of the first line.
+*/
+static int wsToEol(const char *z){
+int i;
+for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
+if( z[i]=='\n' ) return 1;
+if( IsSpace(z[i]) ) continue;
+if( z[i]=='-' && z[i+1]=='-' ) return 1;
+return 0;
+}
+return 1;
+}
+/*
+** Add a new entry to the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN data
+*/
+static void eqp_append(ShellState *p, int iEqpId, int p2, const char *zText){
+EQPGraphRow *pNew;
+i64 nText;
+if( zText==0 ) return;
+nText = strlen(zText);
+if( p->autoEQPtest ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d,%d,%s\n", iEqpId, p2, zText);
+}
+pNew = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pNew) + nText );
+shell_check_oom(pNew);
+pNew->iEqpId = iEqpId;
+pNew->iParentId = p2;
+memcpy(pNew->zText, zText, nText+1);
+pNew->pNext = 0;
+if( p->sGraph.pLast ){
+p->sGraph.pLast->pNext = pNew;
+}else{
+p->sGraph.pRow = pNew;
+}
+p->sGraph.pLast = pNew;
+}
+/*
+** Free and reset the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN data that has been collected
+** in p->sGraph.
+*/
+static void eqp_reset(ShellState *p){
+EQPGraphRow *pRow, *pNext;
+for(pRow = p->sGraph.pRow; pRow; pRow = pNext){
+pNext = pRow->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(pRow);
+}
+memset(&p->sGraph, 0, sizeof(p->sGraph));
+}
+/* Return the next EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN line with iEqpId that occurs after
+** pOld, or return the first such line if pOld is NULL
+*/
+static EQPGraphRow *eqp_next_row(ShellState *p, int iEqpId, EQPGraphRow *pOld){
+EQPGraphRow *pRow = pOld ? pOld->pNext : p->sGraph.pRow;
+while( pRow && pRow->iParentId!=iEqpId ) pRow = pRow->pNext;
+return pRow;
+}
+/* Render a single level of the graph that has iEqpId as its parent.  Called
+** recursively to render sublevels.
+*/
+static void eqp_render_level(ShellState *p, int iEqpId){
+EQPGraphRow *pRow, *pNext;
+i64 n = strlen(p->sGraph.zPrefix);
+char *z;
+for(pRow = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, 0); pRow; pRow = pNext){
+pNext = eqp_next_row(p, iEqpId, pRow);
+z = pRow->zText;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s%s%s\n", p->sGraph.zPrefix,
+pNext ? "|--" : "`--", z);
+if( n<(i64)sizeof(p->sGraph.zPrefix)-7 ){
+memcpy(&p->sGraph.zPrefix[n], pNext ? "|  " : "   ", 4);
+eqp_render_level(p, pRow->iEqpId);
+p->sGraph.zPrefix[n] = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Display and reset the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN data
+*/
+static void eqp_render(ShellState *p, i64 nCycle){
+EQPGraphRow *pRow = p->sGraph.pRow;
+if( pRow ){
+if( pRow->zText[0]=='-' ){
+if( pRow->pNext==0 ){
+eqp_reset(p);
+return;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", pRow->zText+3);
+p->sGraph.pRow = pRow->pNext;
+sqlite3_free(pRow);
+}else if( nCycle>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "QUERY PLAN (cycles=%lld [100%%])\n", nCycle);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("QUERY PLAN\n", p->out);
+}
+p->sGraph.zPrefix[0] = 0;
+eqp_render_level(p, 0);
+eqp_reset(p);
+}
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
+/*
+** Progress handler callback.
+*/
+static int progress_handler(void *pClientData) {
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pClientData;
+p->nProgress++;
+if( p->nProgress>=p->mxProgress && p->mxProgress>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Progress limit reached (%u)\n", p->nProgress);
+if( p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET ) p->nProgress = 0;
+if( p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE ) p->mxProgress = 0;
+return 1;
+}
+if( (p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_QUIET)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Progress %u\n", p->nProgress);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK */
+/*
+** Print N dashes
+*/
+static void print_dashes(FILE *out, int N){
+const char zDash[] = "--------------------------------------------------";
+const int nDash = sizeof(zDash) - 1;
+while( N>nDash ){
+sqlite3_fputs(zDash, out);
+N -= nDash;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", N, zDash);
+}
+/*
+** Print a markdown or table-style row separator using ascii-art
+*/
+static void print_row_separator(
+ShellState *p,
+int nArg,
+const char *zSep
+){
+int i;
+if( nArg>0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep, p->out);
+print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[0]+2);
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep, p->out);
+print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]+2);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep, p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+/*
+** This is the callback routine that the shell
+** invokes for each row of a query result.
+*/
+static int shell_callback(
+void *pArg,
+int nArg,        /* Number of result columns */
+char **azArg,    /* Text of each result column */
+char **azCol,    /* Column names */
+int *aiType      /* Column types.  Might be NULL */
+){
+int i;
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
+if( azArg==0 ) return 0;
+switch( p->cMode ){
+case MODE_Count:
+case MODE_Off: {
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Line: {
+int w = 5;
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+int len = strlen30(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
+if( len>w ) w = len;
+}
+if( p->cnt++>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+char *pFree = 0;
+const char *pDisplay;
+pDisplay = escapeOutput(p, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue, &pFree);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%*s = %s%s", w, azCol[i],
+pDisplay, p->rowSeparator);
+if( pFree ) sqlite3_free(pFree);
+}
+break;
+}
+case MODE_ScanExp:
+case MODE_Explain: {
+static const int aExplainWidth[] = {4,       13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
+static const int aExplainMap[] =   {0,       1,  2, 3, 4, 5,  6, 7 };
+static const int aScanExpWidth[] = {4, 15, 6, 13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
+static const int aScanExpMap[] =   {0, 9, 8, 1,  2, 3, 4, 5,  6, 7 };
+const int *aWidth = aExplainWidth;
+const int *aMap = aExplainMap;
+int nWidth = ArraySize(aExplainWidth);
+int iIndent = 1;
+if( p->cMode==MODE_ScanExp ){
+aWidth = aScanExpWidth;
+aMap = aScanExpMap;
+nWidth = ArraySize(aScanExpWidth);
+iIndent = 3;
+}
+if( nArg>nWidth ) nArg = nWidth;
+/* If this is the first row seen, print out the headers */
+if( p->cnt++==0 ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+utf8_width_print(p->out, aWidth[i], azCol[ aMap[i] ]);
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
+}
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+print_dashes(p->out, aWidth[i]);
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
+}
+}
+/* If there is no data, exit early. */
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+const char *zSep = "  ";
+int w = aWidth[i];
+const char *zVal = azArg[ aMap[i] ];
+if( i==nArg-1 ) w = 0;
+if( zVal && strlenChar(zVal)>w ){
+w = strlenChar(zVal);
+zSep = " ";
+}
+if( i==iIndent && p->aiIndent && p->pStmt ){
+if( p->iIndent<p->nIndent ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%*.s", p->aiIndent[p->iIndent], "");
+}
+p->iIndent++;
+}
+utf8_width_print(p->out, w, zVal ? zVal : p->nullValue);
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : zSep, p->out);
+}
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Semi: {   /* .schema and .fullschema output */
+printSchemaLine(p->out, azArg[0], ";\n");
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Pretty: {  /* .schema and .fullschema with --indent */
+char *z;
+int j;
+int nParen = 0;
+char cEnd = 0;
+char c;
+int nLine = 0;
+int isIndex;
+int isWhere = 0;
+assert( nArg==1 );
+if( azArg[0]==0 ) break;
+if( sqlite3_strlike("CREATE VIEW%", azArg[0], 0)==0
+|| sqlite3_strlike("CREATE TRIG%", azArg[0], 0)==0
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s;\n", azArg[0]);
+break;
+}
+isIndex = sqlite3_strlike("CREATE INDEX%", azArg[0], 0)==0
+|| sqlite3_strlike("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX%", azArg[0], 0)==0;
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", azArg[0]);
+shell_check_oom(z);
+j = 0;
+for(i=0; IsSpace(z[i]); i++){}
+for(; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){
+if( IsSpace(c) ){
+if( z[j-1]=='\r' ) z[j-1] = '\n';
+if( IsSpace(z[j-1]) || z[j-1]=='(' ) continue;
+}else if( (c=='(' || c==')') && j>0 && IsSpace(z[j-1]) ){
+j--;
+}
+z[j++] = c;
+}
+while( j>0 && IsSpace(z[j-1]) ){ j--; }
+z[j] = 0;
+if( strlen30(z)>=79 ){
+for(i=j=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++){ /* Copy from z[i] back to z[j] */
+if( c==cEnd ){
+cEnd = 0;
+}else if( c=='"' || c=='\'' || c=='`' ){
+cEnd = c;
+}else if( c=='[' ){
+cEnd = ']';
+}else if( c=='-' && z[i+1]=='-' ){
+cEnd = '\n';
+}else if( c=='(' ){
+nParen++;
+}else if( c==')' ){
+nParen--;
+if( nLine>0 && nParen==0 && j>0 && !isWhere ){
+printSchemaLineN(p->out, z, j, "\n");
+j = 0;
+}
+}else if( (c=='w' || c=='W')
+&& nParen==0 && isIndex
+&& sqlite3_strnicmp("WHERE",&z[i],5)==0
+&& !IsAlnum(z[i+5]) && z[i+5]!='_' ){
+isWhere = 1;
+}else if( isWhere && (c=='A' || c=='a')
+&& nParen==0
+&& sqlite3_strnicmp("AND",&z[i],3)==0
+&& !IsAlnum(z[i+3]) && z[i+3]!='_' ){
+printSchemaLineN(p->out, z, j, "\n    ");
+j = 0;
+}
+z[j++] = c;
+if( nParen==1 && cEnd==0
+&& (c=='(' || c=='\n' || (c==',' && !wsToEol(z+i+1)))
+&& !isWhere
+){
+if( c=='\n' ) j--;
+printSchemaLineN(p->out, z, j, "\n  ");
+j = 0;
+nLine++;
+while( IsSpace(z[i+1]) ){ i++; }
+}
+}
+z[j] = 0;
+}
+printSchemaLine(p->out, z, ";\n");
+sqlite3_free(z);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_List: {
+if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azCol[i];
+char *pFree;
+const char *zOut = escapeOutput(p, z, &pFree);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s%s", zOut,
+i==nArg-1 ? p->rowSeparator : p->colSeparator);
+if( pFree ) sqlite3_free(pFree);
+}
+}
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azArg[i];
+char *pFree;
+const char *zOut;
+if( z==0 ) z = p->nullValue;
+zOut = escapeOutput(p, z, &pFree);
+sqlite3_fputs(zOut, p->out);
+if( pFree ) sqlite3_free(pFree);
+sqlite3_fputs((i<nArg-1)? p->colSeparator : p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Www:
+case MODE_Html: {
+if( p->cnt==0 && p->cMode==MODE_Www ){
+sqlite3_fputs(
+"</PRE>\n"
+"<TABLE border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='2'>\n"
+,p->out
+);
+}
+if( p->cnt==0 && (p->showHeader || p->cMode==MODE_Www) ){
+sqlite3_fputs("<TR>", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs("<TH>", p->out);
+output_html_string(p->out, azCol[i]);
+sqlite3_fputs("</TH>\n", p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("</TR>\n", p->out);
+}
+p->cnt++;
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+sqlite3_fputs("<TR>", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs("<TD>", p->out);
+output_html_string(p->out, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
+sqlite3_fputs("</TD>\n", p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("</TR>\n", p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Tcl: {
+if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+output_c_string(p->out, azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "");
+if(i<nArg-1) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+output_c_string(p->out, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
+if(i<nArg-1) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Csv: {
+sqlite3_fsetmode(p->out, _O_BINARY);
+if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+output_csv(p, azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "", i<nArg-1);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+if( nArg>0 ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+output_csv(p, azArg[i], i<nArg-1);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+setCrlfMode(p);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Insert: {
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "INSERT INTO %s",p->zDestTable);
+if( p->showHeader ){
+sqlite3_fputs("(", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(",", p->out);
+if( quoteChar(azCol[i]) ){
+char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", azCol[i]);
+shell_check_oom(z);
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s", azCol[i]);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(")", p->out);
+}
+p->cnt++;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs(i>0 ? "," : " VALUES(", p->out);
+if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
+sqlite3_fputs("NULL", p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
+if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines) ){
+output_quoted_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}else{
+output_quoted_escaped_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+char z[50];
+double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
+sqlite3_uint64 ur;
+memcpy(&ur,&r,sizeof(r));
+if( ur==0x7ff0000000000000LL ){
+sqlite3_fputs("9.0e+999", p->out);
+}else if( ur==0xfff0000000000000LL ){
+sqlite3_fputs("-9.0e+999", p->out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_int64 ir = (sqlite3_int64)r;
+if( r==(double)ir ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%lld.0", ir);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+}
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
+const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
+int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
+output_hex_blob(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
+}else if( isNumber(azArg[i], 0) ){
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}else if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines) ){
+output_quoted_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}else{
+output_quoted_escaped_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(");\n", p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Json: {
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+if( p->cnt==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("[{", p->out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs(",\n{", p->out);
+}
+p->cnt++;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+output_json_string(p->out, azCol[i], -1);
+sqlite3_fputs(":", p->out);
+if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
+sqlite3_fputs("null", p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+char z[50];
+double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
+sqlite3_uint64 ur;
+memcpy(&ur,&r,sizeof(r));
+if( ur==0x7ff0000000000000LL ){
+sqlite3_fputs("9.0e+999", p->out);
+}else if( ur==0xfff0000000000000LL ){
+sqlite3_fputs("-9.0e+999", p->out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+}
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
+const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
+int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
+output_json_string(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
+output_json_string(p->out, azArg[i], -1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}
+if( i<nArg-1 ){
+sqlite3_fputs(",", p->out);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("}", p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Quote: {
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+if( p->cnt==0 && p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+output_quoted_string(p, azCol[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+p->cnt++;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+if( (azArg[i]==0) || (aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_NULL) ){
+sqlite3_fputs("NULL", p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_TEXT ){
+output_quoted_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+char z[50];
+double r = sqlite3_column_double(p->pStmt, i);
+sqlite3_snprintf(50,z,"%!.20g", r);
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+}else if( aiType && aiType[i]==SQLITE_BLOB && p->pStmt ){
+const void *pBlob = sqlite3_column_blob(p->pStmt, i);
+int nBlob = sqlite3_column_bytes(p->pStmt, i);
+output_hex_blob(p->out, pBlob, nBlob);
+}else if( isNumber(azArg[i], 0) ){
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}else{
+output_quoted_string(p, azArg[i]);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Ascii: {
+if( p->cnt++==0 && p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+sqlite3_fputs(azCol[i] ? azCol[i] : "", p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+}
+if( azArg==0 ) break;
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>0 ) sqlite3_fputs(p->colSeparator, p->out);
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue, p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(p->rowSeparator, p->out);
+break;
+}
+case MODE_EQP: {
+eqp_append(p, atoi(azArg[0]), atoi(azArg[1]), azArg[3]);
+break;
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** This is the callback routine that the SQLite library
+** invokes for each row of a query result.
+*/
+static int callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azCol){
+/* since we don't have type info, call the shell_callback with a NULL value */
+return shell_callback(pArg, nArg, azArg, azCol, NULL);
+}
+/*
+** This is the callback routine from sqlite3_exec() that appends all
+** output onto the end of a ShellText object.
+*/
+static int captureOutputCallback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **az){
+ShellText *p = (ShellText*)pArg;
+int i;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(az);
+if( azArg==0 ) return 0;
+if( p->n ) appendText(p, "|", 0);
+for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i ) appendText(p, ",", 0);
+if( azArg[i] ) appendText(p, azArg[i], 0);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Generate an appropriate SELFTEST table in the main database.
+*/
+static void createSelftestTable(ShellState *p){
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+sqlite3_exec(p->db,
+"SAVEPOINT selftest_init;\n"
+"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS selftest(\n"
+"  tno INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,\n"   /* Test number */
+"  op TEXT,\n"                   /* Operator:  memo run */
+"  cmd TEXT,\n"                  /* Command text */
+"  ans TEXT\n"                   /* Desired answer */
+");"
+"CREATE TEMP TABLE [_shell$self](op,cmd,ans);\n"
+"INSERT INTO [_shell$self](rowid,op,cmd)\n"
+"  VALUES(coalesce((SELECT (max(tno)+100)/10 FROM selftest),10),\n"
+"         'memo','Tests generated by --init');\n"
+"INSERT INTO [_shell$self]\n"
+"  SELECT 'run',\n"
+"    'SELECT hex(sha3_query(''SELECT type,name,tbl_name,sql "
+"FROM sqlite_schema ORDER BY 2'',224))',\n"
+"    hex(sha3_query('SELECT type,name,tbl_name,sql "
+"FROM sqlite_schema ORDER BY 2',224));\n"
+"INSERT INTO [_shell$self]\n"
+"  SELECT 'run',"
+"    'SELECT hex(sha3_query(''SELECT * FROM \"' ||"
+"        printf('%w',name) || '\" NOT INDEXED'',224))',\n"
+"    hex(sha3_query(printf('SELECT * FROM \"%w\" NOT INDEXED',name),224))\n"
+"  FROM (\n"
+"    SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema\n"
+"     WHERE type='table'\n"
+"       AND name<>'selftest'\n"
+"       AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>0\n"
+"  )\n"
+" ORDER BY name;\n"
+"INSERT INTO [_shell$self]\n"
+"  VALUES('run','PRAGMA integrity_check','ok');\n"
+"INSERT INTO selftest(tno,op,cmd,ans)"
+"  SELECT rowid*10,op,cmd,ans FROM [_shell$self];\n"
+"DROP TABLE [_shell$self];"
+,0,0,&zErrMsg);
+if( zErrMsg ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "SELFTEST initialization failure: %s\n", zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+}
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "RELEASE selftest_init",0,0,0);
+}
+/*
+** Set the destination table field of the ShellState structure to
+** the name of the table given.  Escape any quote characters in the
+** table name.
+*/
+static void set_table_name(ShellState *p, const char *zName){
+if( p->zDestTable ){
+sqlite3_free(p->zDestTable);
+p->zDestTable = 0;
+}
+if( zName==0 ) return;
+if( quoteChar(zName) ){
+p->zDestTable = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", zName);
+}else{
+p->zDestTable = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zName);
+}
+shell_check_oom(p->zDestTable);
+}
+/*
+** Maybe construct two lines of text that point out the position of a
+** syntax error.  Return a pointer to the text, in memory obtained from
+** sqlite3_malloc().  Or, if the most recent error does not involve a
+** specific token that we can point to, return an empty string.
+**
+** In all cases, the memory returned is obtained from sqlite3_malloc64()
+** and should be released by the caller invoking sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static char *shell_error_context(const char *zSql, sqlite3 *db){
+int iOffset;
+size_t len;
+char *zCode;
+char *zMsg;
+int i;
+if( db==0
+|| zSql==0
+|| (iOffset = sqlite3_error_offset(db))<0
+|| iOffset>=(int)strlen(zSql)
+){
+return sqlite3_mprintf("");
+}
+while( iOffset>50 ){
+iOffset--;
+zSql++;
+while( (zSql[0]&0xc0)==0x80 ){ zSql++; iOffset--; }
+}
+len = strlen(zSql);
+if( len>78 ){
+len = 78;
+while( len>0 && (zSql[len]&0xc0)==0x80 ) len--;
+}
+zCode = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*s", len, zSql);
+shell_check_oom(zCode);
+for(i=0; zCode[i]; i++){ if( IsSpace(zSql[i]) ) zCode[i] = ' '; }
+if( iOffset<25 ){
+zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("\n  %z\n  %*s^--- error here", zCode,iOffset,"");
+}else{
+zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("\n  %z\n  %*serror here ---^", zCode,iOffset-14,"");
+}
+return zMsg;
+}
+/*
+** Execute a query statement that will generate SQL output.  Print
+** the result columns, comma-separated, on a line and then add a
+** semicolon terminator to the end of that line.
+**
+** If the number of columns is 1 and that column contains text "--"
+** then write the semicolon on a separate line.  That way, if a
+** "--" comment occurs at the end of the statement, the comment
+** won't consume the semicolon terminator.
+*/
+static int run_table_dump_query(
+ShellState *p,           /* Query context */
+const char *zSelect      /* SELECT statement to extract content */
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pSelect;
+int rc;
+int nResult;
+int i;
+const char *z;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSelect, -1, &pSelect, 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || !pSelect ){
+char *zContext = shell_error_context(zSelect, p->db);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n%s",
+rc, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zContext);
+sqlite3_free(zContext);
+if( (rc&0xff)!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) p->nErr++;
+return rc;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
+nResult = sqlite3_column_count(pSelect);
+while( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
+z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, 0);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s", z);
+for(i=1; i<nResult; i++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, ",%s", sqlite3_column_text(pSelect, i));
+}
+if( z==0 ) z = "";
+while( z[0] && (z[0]!='-' || z[1]!='-') ) z++;
+if( z[0] ){
+sqlite3_fputs("\n;\n", p->out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs(";\n", p->out);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_step(pSelect);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pSelect);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "/**** ERROR: (%d) %s *****/\n",
+rc, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+if( (rc&0xff)!=SQLITE_CORRUPT ) p->nErr++;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Allocate space and save off string indicating current error.
+*/
+static char *save_err_msg(
+sqlite3 *db,           /* Database to query */
+const char *zPhase,    /* When the error occurs */
+int rc,                /* Error code returned from API */
+const char *zSql       /* SQL string, or NULL */
+){
+char *zErr;
+char *zContext;
+sqlite3_str *pStr = sqlite3_str_new(0);
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "%s, %s", zPhase, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+if( rc>1 ){
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, " (%d)", rc);
+}
+zContext = shell_error_context(zSql, db);
+if( zContext ){
+sqlite3_str_appendall(pStr, zContext);
+sqlite3_free(zContext);
+}
+zErr = sqlite3_str_finish(pStr);
+shell_check_oom(zErr);
+return zErr;
+}
+#ifdef __linux__
+/*
+** Attempt to display I/O stats on Linux using /proc/PID/io
+*/
+static void displayLinuxIoStats(FILE *out){
+FILE *in;
+char z[200];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z), z, "/proc/%d/io", getpid());
+in = sqlite3_fopen(z, "rb");
+if( in==0 ) return;
+while( sqlite3_fgets(z, sizeof(z), in)!=0 ){
+static const struct {
+const char *zPattern;
+const char *zDesc;
+} aTrans[] = {
+{ "rchar: ",                  "Bytes received by read():" },
+{ "wchar: ",                  "Bytes sent to write():"    },
+{ "syscr: ",                  "Read() system calls:"      },
+{ "syscw: ",                  "Write() system calls:"     },
+{ "read_bytes: ",             "Bytes read from storage:"  },
+{ "write_bytes: ",            "Bytes written to storage:" },
+{ "cancelled_write_bytes: ",  "Cancelled write bytes:"    },
+};
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aTrans); i++){
+int n = strlen30(aTrans[i].zPattern);
+if( cli_strncmp(aTrans[i].zPattern, z, n)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s", aTrans[i].zDesc, &z[n]);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+fclose(in);
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Display a single line of status using 64-bit values.
+*/
+static void displayStatLine(
+FILE *out,                /* Write to this channel */
+char *zLabel,             /* Label for this one line */
+char *zFormat,            /* Format for the result */
+int iStatusCtrl,          /* Which status to display */
+int bReset                /* True to reset the stats */
+){
+sqlite3_int64 iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_int64 iHiwtr = -1;
+int i, nPercent;
+char zLine[200];
+sqlite3_status64(iStatusCtrl, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+for(i=0, nPercent=0; zFormat[i]; i++){
+if( zFormat[i]=='%' ) nPercent++;
+}
+if( nPercent>1 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLine), zLine, zFormat, iCur, iHiwtr);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLine), zLine, zFormat, iHiwtr);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", zLabel, zLine);
+}
+/*
+** Display memory stats.
+*/
+static int display_stats(
+sqlite3 *db,                /* Database to query */
+ShellState *pArg,           /* Pointer to ShellState */
+int bReset                  /* True to reset the stats */
+){
+int iCur, iHiwtr;
+sqlite3_int64 iCur64, iHiwtr64;
+FILE *out;
+if( pArg==0 || pArg->out==0 ) return 0;
+out = pArg->out;
+if( pArg->pStmt && pArg->statsOn==2 ){
+int nCol, i, x;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = pArg->pStmt;
+char z[100];
+nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %d\n", "Number of output columns:", nCol);
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(z),z,"Column %d %nname:", i, &x);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_name(pStmt,i));
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DECLTYPE
+sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "declared type:");
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_decltype(pStmt, i));
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
+sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "database name:");
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z,
+sqlite3_column_database_name(pStmt,i));
+sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "table name:");
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z, sqlite3_column_table_name(pStmt,i));
+sqlite3_snprintf(30, z+x, "origin name:");
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%-36s %s\n", z,sqlite3_column_origin_name(pStmt,i));
+#endif
+}
+}
+if( pArg->statsOn==3 ){
+if( pArg->pStmt ){
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP,bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "VM-steps: %d\n", iCur);
+}
+return 0;
+}
+displayStatLine(out, "Memory Used:",
+"%lld (max %lld) bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, bReset);
+displayStatLine(out, "Number of Outstanding Allocations:",
+"%lld (max %lld)", SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT, bReset);
+if( pArg->shellFlgs & SHFLG_Pagecache ){
+displayStatLine(out, "Number of Pcache Pages Used:",
+"%lld (max %lld) pages", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED, bReset);
+}
+displayStatLine(out, "Number of Pcache Overflow Bytes:",
+"%lld (max %lld) bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW, bReset);
+displayStatLine(out, "Largest Allocation:",
+"%lld bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE, bReset);
+displayStatLine(out, "Largest Pcache Allocation:",
+"%lld bytes", SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE, bReset);
+#ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
+displayStatLine(out, "Deepest Parser Stack:",
+"%lld (max %lld)", SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK, bReset);
+#endif
+if( db ){
+if( pArg->shellFlgs & SHFLG_Lookaside ){
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED,
+&iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Lookaside Slots Used:                %d (max %d)\n", iCur, iHiwtr);
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT,
+&iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Successful lookaside attempts:       %d\n", iHiwtr);
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE,
+&iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Lookaside failures due to size:      %d\n", iHiwtr);
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL,
+&iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Lookaside failures due to OOM:       %d\n", iHiwtr);
+}
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Pager Heap Usage:                    %d bytes\n", iCur);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Page cache hits:                     %d\n", iCur);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Page cache misses:                   %d\n", iCur);
+iHiwtr64 = iCur64 = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status64(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL, &iCur64, &iHiwtr64,
+0);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Page cache writes:                   %d\n", iCur);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL, &iCur, &iHiwtr, 1);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Page cache spills:                   %d\n", iCur);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Temporary data spilled to disk:      %lld\n", iCur64);
+sqlite3_db_status64(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL, &iCur64, &iHiwtr64,
+1);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Schema Heap Usage:                   %d bytes\n", iCur);
+iHiwtr = iCur = -1;
+sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED, &iCur, &iHiwtr, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Statement Heap/Lookaside Usage:      %d bytes\n", iCur);
+}
+if( pArg->pStmt ){
+int iHit, iMiss;
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP,
+bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Fullscan Steps:                      %d\n", iCur);
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Sort Operations:                     %d\n", iCur);
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX,bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Autoindex Inserts:                   %d\n", iCur);
+iHit = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT,
+bReset);
+iMiss = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS,
+bReset);
+if( iHit || iMiss ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Bloom filter bypass taken:           %d/%d\n", iHit, iHit+iMiss);
+}
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Virtual Machine Steps:               %d\n", iCur);
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE,bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Reprepare operations:                %d\n", iCur);
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Number of times run:                 %d\n", iCur);
+iCur = sqlite3_stmt_status(pArg->pStmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED, bReset);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"Memory used by prepared stmt:        %d\n", iCur);
+}
+#ifdef __linux__
+displayLinuxIoStats(pArg->out);
+#endif
+/* Do not remove this machine readable comment: extra-stats-output-here */
+return 0;
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+static int scanStatsHeight(sqlite3_stmt *p, int iEntry){
+int iPid = 0;
+int ret = 1;
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, iEntry,
+SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX, (void*)&iPid
+);
+while( iPid!=0 ){
+int ii;
+for(ii=0; 1; ii++){
+int iId;
+int res;
+res = sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii,
+SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX, (void*)&iId
+);
+if( res ) break;
+if( iId==iPid ){
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii,
+SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX, (void*)&iPid
+);
+}
+}
+ret++;
+}
+return ret;
+}
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+static void display_explain_scanstats(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database to query */
+ShellState *pArg                /* Pointer to ShellState */
+){
+static const int f = SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX;
+sqlite3_stmt *p = pArg->pStmt;
+int ii = 0;
+i64 nTotal = 0;
+int nWidth = 0;
+eqp_reset(pArg);
+for(ii=0; 1; ii++){
+const char *z = 0;
+int n = 0;
+if( sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p,ii,SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN,f,(void*)&z) ){
+break;
+}
+n = (int)strlen(z) + scanStatsHeight(p, ii)*3;
+if( n>nWidth ) nWidth = n;
+}
+nWidth += 4;
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, -1, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE, f, (void*)&nTotal);
+for(ii=0; 1; ii++){
+i64 nLoop = 0;
+i64 nRow = 0;
+i64 nCycle = 0;
+int iId = 0;
+int iPid = 0;
+const char *zo = 0;
+const char *zName = 0;
+char *zText = 0;
+double rEst = 0.0;
+if( sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p,ii,SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN,f,(void*)&zo) ){
+break;
+}
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST,f,(void*)&rEst);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP,f,(void*)&nLoop);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT,f,(void*)&nRow);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE,f,(void*)&nCycle);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID,f,(void*)&iId);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID,f,(void*)&iPid);
+sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME,f,(void*)&zName);
+zText = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zo);
+if( nCycle>=0 || nLoop>=0 || nRow>=0 ){
+char *z = 0;
+if( nCycle>=0 && nTotal>0 ){
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%zcycles=%lld [%d%%]", z,
+nCycle, ((nCycle*100)+nTotal/2) / nTotal
+);
+}
+if( nLoop>=0 ){
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%sloops=%lld", z, z ? " " : "", nLoop);
+}
+if( nRow>=0 ){
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%srows=%lld", z, z ? " " : "", nRow);
+}
+if( zName && pArg->scanstatsOn>1 ){
+double rpl = (double)nRow / (double)nLoop;
+z = sqlite3_mprintf("%z rpl=%.1f est=%.1f", z, rpl, rEst);
+}
+zText = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"% *z (%z)", -1*(nWidth-scanStatsHeight(p, ii)*3), zText, z
+);
+}
+eqp_append(pArg, iId, iPid, zText);
+sqlite3_free(zText);
+}
+eqp_render(pArg, nTotal);
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Parameter azArray points to a zero-terminated array of strings. zStr
+** points to a single nul-terminated string. Return non-zero if zStr
+** is equal, according to strcmp(), to any of the strings in the array.
+** Otherwise, return zero.
+*/
+static int str_in_array(const char *zStr, const char **azArray){
+int i;
+for(i=0; azArray[i]; i++){
+if( 0==cli_strcmp(zStr, azArray[i]) ) return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** If compiled statement pSql appears to be an EXPLAIN statement, allocate
+** and populate the ShellState.aiIndent[] array with the number of
+** spaces each opcode should be indented before it is output.
+**
+** The indenting rules are:
+**
+**     * For each "Next", "Prev", "VNext" or "VPrev" instruction, indent
+**       all opcodes that occur between the p2 jump destination and the opcode
+**       itself by 2 spaces.
+**
+**     * Do the previous for "Return" instructions for when P2 is positive.
+**       See tag-20220407a in wherecode.c and vdbe.c.
+**
+**     * For each "Goto", if the jump destination is earlier in the program
+**       and ends on one of:
+**          Yield  SeekGt  SeekLt  RowSetRead  Rewind
+**       or if the P1 parameter is one instead of zero,
+**       then indent all opcodes between the earlier instruction
+**       and "Goto" by 2 spaces.
+*/
+static void explain_data_prepare(ShellState *p, sqlite3_stmt *pSql){
+int *abYield = 0;               /* True if op is an OP_Yield */
+int nAlloc = 0;                 /* Allocated size of p->aiIndent[], abYield */
+int iOp;                        /* Index of operation in p->aiIndent[] */
+const char *azNext[] = { "Next", "Prev", "VPrev", "VNext", "SorterNext",
+"Return", 0 };
+const char *azYield[] = { "Yield", "SeekLT", "SeekGT", "RowSetRead",
+"Rewind", 0 };
+const char *azGoto[] = { "Goto", 0 };
+/* The caller guarantees that the leftmost 4 columns of the statement
+** passed to this function are equivalent to the leftmost 4 columns
+** of EXPLAIN statement output. In practice the statement may be
+** an EXPLAIN, or it may be a query on the bytecode() virtual table.  */
+assert( sqlite3_column_count(pSql)>=4 );
+assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 0), "addr" ) );
+assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 1), "opcode" ) );
+assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 2), "p1" ) );
+assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 3), "p2" ) );
+for(iOp=0; SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql); iOp++){
+int i;
+int iAddr = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 0);
+const char *zOp = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 1);
+int p1 = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 2);
+int p2 = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 3);
+/* Assuming that p2 is an instruction address, set variable p2op to the
+** index of that instruction in the aiIndent[] array. p2 and p2op may be
+** different if the current instruction is part of a sub-program generated
+** by an SQL trigger or foreign key.  */
+int p2op = (p2 + (iOp-iAddr));
+/* Grow the p->aiIndent array as required */
+if( iOp>=nAlloc ){
+nAlloc += 100;
+p->aiIndent = (int*)sqlite3_realloc64(p->aiIndent, nAlloc*sizeof(int));
+shell_check_oom(p->aiIndent);
+abYield = (int*)sqlite3_realloc64(abYield, nAlloc*sizeof(int));
+shell_check_oom(abYield);
+}
+abYield[iOp] = str_in_array(zOp, azYield);
+p->aiIndent[iOp] = 0;
+p->nIndent = iOp+1;
+if( str_in_array(zOp, azNext) && p2op>0 ){
+for(i=p2op; i<iOp; i++) p->aiIndent[i] += 2;
+}
+if( str_in_array(zOp, azGoto) && p2op<iOp && (abYield[p2op] || p1) ){
+for(i=p2op; i<iOp; i++) p->aiIndent[i] += 2;
+}
+}
+p->iIndent = 0;
+sqlite3_free(abYield);
+sqlite3_reset(pSql);
+}
+/*
+** Free the array allocated by explain_data_prepare().
+*/
+static void explain_data_delete(ShellState *p){
+sqlite3_free(p->aiIndent);
+p->aiIndent = 0;
+p->nIndent = 0;
+p->iIndent = 0;
+}
+static void exec_prepared_stmt(ShellState*, sqlite3_stmt*);
+/*
+** Display scan stats.
+*/
+static void display_scanstats(
+sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database to query */
+ShellState *pArg                /* Pointer to ShellState */
+){
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(db);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(pArg);
+#else
+if( pArg->scanstatsOn==3 ){
+const char *zSql =
+"  SELECT addr, opcode, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, comment, nexec,"
+"   format('% 6s (%.2f%%)',"
+"      CASE WHEN ncycle<100_000 THEN ncycle || ' '"
+"         WHEN ncycle<100_000_000 THEN (ncycle/1_000) || 'K'"
+"         WHEN ncycle<100_000_000_000 THEN (ncycle/1_000_000) || 'M'"
+"         ELSE (ncycle/1000_000_000) || 'G' END,"
+"       ncycle*100.0/(sum(ncycle) OVER ())"
+"   )  AS cycles"
+"   FROM bytecode(?)";
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pSave = pArg->pStmt;
+pArg->pStmt = pStmt;
+sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, 1, pSave, "stmt-pointer", 0);
+pArg->cnt = 0;
+pArg->cMode = MODE_ScanExp;
+explain_data_prepare(pArg, pStmt);
+exec_prepared_stmt(pArg, pStmt);
+explain_data_delete(pArg);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pArg->pStmt = pSave;
+}
+}else{
+display_explain_scanstats(db, pArg);
+}
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** Disable and restore .wheretrace and .treetrace/.selecttrace settings.
+*/
+static unsigned int savedSelectTrace;
+static unsigned int savedWhereTrace;
+static void disable_debug_trace_modes(void){
+unsigned int zero = 0;
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 0, &savedSelectTrace);
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 1, &zero);
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 2, &savedWhereTrace);
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 3, &zero);
+}
+static void restore_debug_trace_modes(void){
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 1, &savedSelectTrace);
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 3, &savedWhereTrace);
+}
+/* Create the TEMP table used to store parameter bindings */
+static void bind_table_init(ShellState *p){
+int wrSchema = 0;
+int defensiveMode = 0;
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, -1, &defensiveMode);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, -1, &wrSchema);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, 1, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db,
+"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS temp.sqlite_parameters(\n"
+"  key TEXT PRIMARY KEY,\n"
+"  value\n"
+") WITHOUT ROWID;",
+0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA, wrSchema, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, defensiveMode, 0);
+}
+/*
+** Bind parameters on a prepared statement.
+**
+** Parameter bindings are taken from a TEMP table of the form:
+**
+**    CREATE TEMP TABLE sqlite_parameters(key TEXT PRIMARY KEY, value)
+**    WITHOUT ROWID;
+**
+** No bindings occur if this table does not exist.  The name of the table
+** begins with "sqlite_" so that it will not collide with ordinary application
+** tables.  The table must be in the TEMP schema.
+*/
+static void bind_prepared_stmt(ShellState *pArg, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
+int nVar;
+int i;
+int rc;
+sqlite3_stmt *pQ = 0;
+nVar = sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(pStmt);
+if( nVar==0 ) return;  /* Nothing to do */
+if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(pArg->db, "TEMP", "sqlite_parameters",
+"key", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+pQ = 0;
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(pArg->db,
+"SELECT value FROM temp.sqlite_parameters"
+" WHERE key=?1", -1, &pQ, 0);
+}
+for(i=1; i<=nVar; i++){
+char zNum[30];
+const char *zVar = sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(pStmt, i);
+if( zVar==0 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zNum),zNum,"?%d",i);
+zVar = zNum;
+}
+sqlite3_bind_text(pQ, 1, zVar, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pQ && sqlite3_step(pQ)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, i, sqlite3_column_value(pQ, 0));
+#ifdef NAN
+}else if( sqlite3_strlike("_NAN", zVar, 0)==0 ){
+sqlite3_bind_double(pStmt, i, NAN);
+#endif
+#ifdef INFINITY
+}else if( sqlite3_strlike("_INF", zVar, 0)==0 ){
+sqlite3_bind_double(pStmt, i, INFINITY);
+#endif
+}else if( strncmp(zVar, "$int_", 5)==0 ){
+sqlite3_bind_int(pStmt, i, atoi(&zVar[5]));
+}else if( strncmp(zVar, "$text_", 6)==0 ){
+size_t szVar = strlen(zVar);
+char *zBuf = sqlite3_malloc64( szVar-5 );
+if( zBuf ){
+memcpy(zBuf, &zVar[6], szVar-5);
+sqlite3_bind_text64(pStmt, i, zBuf, szVar-6, sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CARRAY
+}else if( strncmp(zVar, "$carray_", 8)==0 ){
+static char *azColorNames[] = {
+"azure", "black", "blue",   "brown", "cyan",   "fuchsia", "gold",
+"gray",  "green", "indigo", "khaki", "lime",   "magenta", "maroon",
+"navy",  "olive", "orange", "pink",  "purple", "red",     "silver",
+"tan",   "teal",  "violet", "white", "yellow"
+};
+static int aPrimes[] = {
+1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47,
+53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97
+};
+/* Special bindings:  carray($carray_clr), carray($carray_primes)
+** with --unsafe-testing:  carray($carray_clr_p,26,'char*'),
+**                         carray($carray_primes_p,26,'int32')
+*/
+if( strcmp(zVar+8,"clr")==0 ){
+sqlite3_carray_bind(pStmt,i,azColorNames,26,SQLITE_CARRAY_TEXT,0);
+}else if( strcmp(zVar+8,"primes")==0 ){
+sqlite3_carray_bind(pStmt,i,aPrimes,26,SQLITE_CARRAY_INT32,0);
+}else if( strcmp(zVar+8,"clr_p")==0
+&& ShellHasFlag(pArg,SHFLG_TestingMode) ){
+sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt,i,azColorNames,"carray",0);
+}else if( strcmp(zVar+8,"primes_p")==0
+&& ShellHasFlag(pArg,SHFLG_TestingMode) ){
+sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt,i,aPrimes,"carray",0);
+}else{
+sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, i);
+}
+#endif
+}else{
+sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, i);
+}
+sqlite3_reset(pQ);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pQ);
+}
+/*
+** UTF8 box-drawing characters.  Imagine box lines like this:
+**
+**           1
+**           |
+**       4 --+-- 2
+**           |
+**           3
+**
+** Each box characters has between 2 and 4 of the lines leading from
+** the center.  The characters are here identified by the numbers of
+** their corresponding lines.
+*/
+#define BOX_24   "\342\224\200"  /* U+2500 --- */
+#define BOX_13   "\342\224\202"  /* U+2502  |  */
+#define BOX_23   "\342\224\214"  /* U+250c  ,- */
+#define BOX_34   "\342\224\220"  /* U+2510 -,  */
+#define BOX_12   "\342\224\224"  /* U+2514  '- */
+#define BOX_14   "\342\224\230"  /* U+2518 -'  */
+#define BOX_123  "\342\224\234"  /* U+251c  |- */
+#define BOX_134  "\342\224\244"  /* U+2524 -|  */
+#define BOX_234  "\342\224\254"  /* U+252c -,- */
+#define BOX_124  "\342\224\264"  /* U+2534 -'- */
+#define BOX_1234 "\342\224\274"  /* U+253c -|- */
+/* Draw horizontal line N characters long using unicode box
+** characters
+*/
+static void print_box_line(FILE *out, int N){
+const char zDash[] =
+BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24
+BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24 BOX_24;
+const int nDash = sizeof(zDash) - 1;
+N *= 3;
+while( N>nDash ){
+sqlite3_fputs(zDash, out);
+N -= nDash;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%.*s", N, zDash);
+}
+/*
+** Draw a horizontal separator for a MODE_Box table.
+*/
+static void print_box_row_separator(
+ShellState *p,
+int nArg,
+const char *zSep1,
+const char *zSep2,
+const char *zSep3
+){
+int i;
+if( nArg>0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep1, p->out);
+print_box_line(p->out, p->actualWidth[0]+2);
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep2, p->out);
+print_box_line(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]+2);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs(zSep3, p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+/*
+** z[] is a line of text that is to be displayed the .mode box or table or
+** similar tabular formats.  z[] might contain control characters such
+** as \n, \t, \f, or \r.
+**
+** Compute characters to display on the first line of z[].  Stop at the
+** first \r, \n, or \f.  Expand \t into spaces.  Return a copy (obtained
+** from malloc()) of that first line, which caller should free sometime.
+** Write anything to display on the next line into *pzTail.  If this is
+** the last line, write a NULL into *pzTail. (*pzTail is not allocated.)
+*/
+static char *translateForDisplayAndDup(
+ShellState *p,                     /* To access current settings */
+const unsigned char *z,            /* Input text to be transformed */
+const unsigned char **pzTail,      /* OUT: Tail of the input for next line */
+int mxWidth,                       /* Max width.  0 means no limit */
+u8 bWordWrap                       /* If true, avoid breaking mid-word */
+){
+int i;                 /* Input bytes consumed */
+int j;                 /* Output bytes generated */
+int k;                 /* Input bytes to be displayed */
+int n;                 /* Output column number */
+unsigned char *zOut;   /* Output text */
+if( z==0 ){
+*pzTail = 0;
+return 0;
+}
+if( mxWidth<0 ) mxWidth = -mxWidth;
+if( mxWidth==0 ) mxWidth = 1000000;
+i = j = n = 0;
+while( n<mxWidth ){
+unsigned char c = z[i];
+if( c>=0xc0 ){
+int u;
+int len = decodeUtf8(&z[i], &u);
+i += len;
+j += len;
+n += cli_wcwidth(u);
+continue;
+}
+if( c>=' ' ){
+n++;
+i++;
+j++;
+continue;
+}
+if( c==0 || c=='\n' || (c=='\r' && z[i+1]=='\n') ) break;
+if( c=='\t' ){
+do{
+n++;
+j++;
+}while( (n&7)!=0 && n<mxWidth );
+i++;
+continue;
+}
+if( c==0x1b && p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF && (k = isVt100(&z[i]))>0 ){
+i += k;
+j += k;
+}else{
+n++;
+j += 3;
+i++;
+}
+}
+if( n>=mxWidth && bWordWrap  ){
+/* Perhaps try to back up to a better place to break the line */
+for(k=i; k>i/2; k--){
+if( IsSpace(z[k-1]) ) break;
+}
+if( k<=i/2 ){
+for(k=i; k>i/2; k--){
+if( IsAlnum(z[k-1])!=IsAlnum(z[k]) && (z[k]&0xc0)!=0x80 ) break;
+}
+}
+if( k<=i/2 ){
+k = i;
+}else{
+i = k;
+while( z[i]==' ' ) i++;
+}
+}else{
+k = i;
+}
+if( n>=mxWidth && z[i]>=' ' ){
+*pzTail = &z[i];
+}else if( z[i]=='\r' && z[i+1]=='\n' ){
+*pzTail = z[i+2] ? &z[i+2] : 0;
+}else if( z[i]==0 || z[i+1]==0 ){
+*pzTail = 0;
+}else{
+*pzTail = &z[i+1];
+}
+zOut = malloc( j+1 );
+shell_check_oom(zOut);
+i = j = n = 0;
+while( i<k ){
+unsigned char c = z[i];
+if( c>=0xc0 ){
+int u;
+int len = decodeUtf8(&z[i], &u);
+do{ zOut[j++] = z[i++]; }while( (--len)>0 );
+n += cli_wcwidth(u);
+continue;
+}
+if( c>=' ' ){
+n++;
+zOut[j++] = z[i++];
+continue;
+}
+if( c==0 ) break;
+if( z[i]=='\t' ){
+do{
+n++;
+zOut[j++] = ' ';
+}while( (n&7)!=0 && n<mxWidth );
+i++;
+continue;
+}
+switch( p->eEscMode ){
+case SHELL_ESC_SYMBOL:
+zOut[j++] = 0xe2;
+zOut[j++] = 0x90;
+zOut[j++] = 0x80 + c;
+break;
+case SHELL_ESC_ASCII:
+zOut[j++] = '^';
+zOut[j++] = 0x40 + c;
+break;
+case SHELL_ESC_OFF: {
+int nn;
+if( c==0x1b && (nn = isVt100(&z[i]))>0 ){
+memcpy(&zOut[j], &z[i], nn);
+j += nn;
+i += nn - 1;
+}else{
+zOut[j++] = c;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+i++;
+}
+zOut[j] = 0;
+return (char*)zOut;
+}
+/* Return true if the text string z[] contains characters that need
+** unistr() escaping.
+*/
+static int needUnistr(const unsigned char *z){
+unsigned char c;
+if( z==0 ) return 0;
+while( (c = *z)>0x1f || c=='\t' || c=='\n' || (c=='\r' && z[1]=='\n') ){ z++; }
+return c!=0;
+}
+/* Extract the value of the i-th current column for pStmt as an SQL literal
+** value.  Memory is obtained from sqlite3_malloc64() and must be freed by
+** the caller.
+*/
+static char *quoted_column(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
+switch( sqlite3_column_type(pStmt, i) ){
+case SQLITE_NULL: {
+return sqlite3_mprintf("NULL");
+}
+case SQLITE_INTEGER:
+case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+return sqlite3_mprintf("%s",sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,i));
+}
+case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+const unsigned char *zText = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,i);
+return sqlite3_mprintf(needUnistr(zText)?"%#Q":"%Q",zText);
+}
+case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+int j;
+sqlite3_str *pStr = sqlite3_str_new(0);
+const unsigned char *a = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt,i);
+int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt,i);
+sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "x'", 2);
+for(j=0; j<n; j++){
+sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "%02x", a[j]);
+}
+sqlite3_str_append(pStr, "'", 1);
+return sqlite3_str_finish(pStr);
+}
+}
+return 0; /* Not reached */
+}
+/*
+** Run a prepared statement and output the result in one of the
+** table-oriented formats: MODE_Column, MODE_Markdown, MODE_Table,
+** or MODE_Box.
+**
+** This is different from ordinary exec_prepared_stmt() in that
+** it has to run the entire query and gather the results into memory
+** first, in order to determine column widths, before providing
+** any output.
+*/
+static void exec_prepared_stmt_columnar(
+ShellState *p,                        /* Pointer to ShellState */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                   /* Statement to run */
+){
+sqlite3_int64 nRow = 0;
+int nColumn = 0;
+char **azData = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 nAlloc = 0;
+char *abRowDiv = 0;
+const unsigned char *uz;
+const char *z;
+char **azQuoted = 0;
+int rc;
+sqlite3_int64 i, nData;
+int j, nTotal, w, n;
+const char *colSep = 0;
+const char *rowSep = 0;
+const unsigned char **azNextLine = 0;
+int bNextLine = 0;
+int bMultiLineRowExists = 0;
+int bw = p->cmOpts.bWordWrap;
+const char *zEmpty = "";
+const char *zShowNull = p->nullValue;
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_ROW ) return;
+nColumn = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+if( nColumn==0 ) goto columnar_end;
+nAlloc = nColumn*4;
+if( nAlloc<=0 ) nAlloc = 1;
+azData = sqlite3_malloc64( nAlloc*sizeof(char*) );
+shell_check_oom(azData);
+azNextLine = sqlite3_malloc64( nColumn*sizeof(char*) );
+shell_check_oom(azNextLine);
+memset((void*)azNextLine, 0, nColumn*sizeof(char*) );
+if( p->cmOpts.bQuote ){
+azQuoted = sqlite3_malloc64( nColumn*sizeof(char*) );
+shell_check_oom(azQuoted);
+memset(azQuoted, 0, nColumn*sizeof(char*) );
+}
+abRowDiv = sqlite3_malloc64( nAlloc/nColumn );
+shell_check_oom(abRowDiv);
+if( nColumn>p->nWidth ){
+p->colWidth = realloc(p->colWidth, (nColumn+1)*2*sizeof(int));
+shell_check_oom(p->colWidth);
+for(i=p->nWidth; i<nColumn; i++) p->colWidth[i] = 0;
+p->nWidth = nColumn;
+p->actualWidth = &p->colWidth[nColumn];
+}
+memset(p->actualWidth, 0, nColumn*sizeof(int));
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+w = p->colWidth[i];
+if( w<0 ) w = -w;
+p->actualWidth[i] = w;
+}
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+const unsigned char *zNotUsed;
+int wx = p->colWidth[i];
+if( wx==0 ){
+wx = p->cmOpts.iWrap;
+}
+if( wx<0 ) wx = -wx;
+uz = (const unsigned char*)sqlite3_column_name(pStmt,i);
+if( uz==0 ) uz = (u8*)"";
+azData[i] = translateForDisplayAndDup(p, uz, &zNotUsed, wx, bw);
+}
+do{
+int useNextLine = bNextLine;
+bNextLine = 0;
+if( (nRow+2)*nColumn >= nAlloc ){
+nAlloc *= 2;
+azData = sqlite3_realloc64(azData, nAlloc*sizeof(char*));
+shell_check_oom(azData);
+abRowDiv = sqlite3_realloc64(abRowDiv, nAlloc/nColumn);
+shell_check_oom(abRowDiv);
+}
+abRowDiv[nRow] = 1;
+nRow++;
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+int wx = p->colWidth[i];
+if( wx==0 ){
+wx = p->cmOpts.iWrap;
+}
+if( wx<0 ) wx = -wx;
+if( useNextLine ){
+uz = azNextLine[i];
+if( uz==0 ) uz = (u8*)zEmpty;
+}else if( p->cmOpts.bQuote ){
+assert( azQuoted!=0 );
+sqlite3_free(azQuoted[i]);
+azQuoted[i] = quoted_column(pStmt,i);
+uz = (const unsigned char*)azQuoted[i];
+}else{
+uz = (const unsigned char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,i);
+if( uz==0 ) uz = (u8*)zShowNull;
+}
+azData[nRow*nColumn + i]
+= translateForDisplayAndDup(p, uz, &azNextLine[i], wx, bw);
+if( azNextLine[i] ){
+bNextLine = 1;
+abRowDiv[nRow-1] = 0;
+bMultiLineRowExists = 1;
+}
+}
+}while( bNextLine || sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW );
+nTotal = nColumn*(nRow+1);
+for(i=0; i<nTotal; i++){
+z = azData[i];
+if( z==0 ) z = (char*)zEmpty;
+n = strlenChar(z);
+j = i%nColumn;
+if( n>p->actualWidth[j] ) p->actualWidth[j] = n;
+}
+if( seenInterrupt ) goto columnar_end;
+switch( p->cMode ){
+case MODE_Column: {
+colSep = "  ";
+rowSep = "\n";
+if( p->showHeader ){
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+w = p->actualWidth[i];
+if( p->colWidth[i]<0 ) w = -w;
+utf8_width_print(p->out, w, azData[i]);
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nColumn-1?"\n":"  ", p->out);
+}
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+print_dashes(p->out, p->actualWidth[i]);
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nColumn-1?"\n":"  ", p->out);
+}
+}
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Table: {
+colSep = " | ";
+rowSep = " |\n";
+print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
+sqlite3_fputs("| ", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+w = p->actualWidth[i];
+n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "",
+azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ", p->out);
+}
+print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Markdown: {
+colSep = " | ";
+rowSep = " |\n";
+sqlite3_fputs("| ", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+w = p->actualWidth[i];
+n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s", (w-n)/2, "",
+azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "");
+sqlite3_fputs(i==nColumn-1?" |\n":" | ", p->out);
+}
+print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "|");
+break;
+}
+case MODE_Box: {
+colSep = " " BOX_13 " ";
+rowSep = " " BOX_13 "\n";
+print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_23, BOX_234, BOX_34);
+sqlite3_fputs(BOX_13 " ", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++){
+w = p->actualWidth[i];
+n = strlenChar(azData[i]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%*s%s%*s%s",
+(w-n)/2, "", azData[i], (w-n+1)/2, "",
+i==nColumn-1?" "BOX_13"\n":" "BOX_13" ");
+}
+print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_123, BOX_1234, BOX_134);
+break;
+}
+}
+for(i=nColumn, j=0; i<nTotal; i++, j++){
+if( j==0 && p->cMode!=MODE_Column ){
+sqlite3_fputs(p->cMode==MODE_Box?BOX_13" ":"| ", p->out);
+}
+z = azData[i];
+if( z==0 ) z = p->nullValue;
+w = p->actualWidth[j];
+if( p->colWidth[j]<0 ) w = -w;
+utf8_width_print(p->out, w, z);
+if( j==nColumn-1 ){
+sqlite3_fputs(rowSep, p->out);
+if( bMultiLineRowExists && abRowDiv[i/nColumn-1] && i+1<nTotal ){
+if( p->cMode==MODE_Table ){
+print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
+}else if( p->cMode==MODE_Box ){
+print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_123, BOX_1234, BOX_134);
+}else if( p->cMode==MODE_Column ){
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+}
+j = -1;
+if( seenInterrupt ) goto columnar_end;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs(colSep, p->out);
+}
+}
+if( p->cMode==MODE_Table ){
+print_row_separator(p, nColumn, "+");
+}else if( p->cMode==MODE_Box ){
+print_box_row_separator(p, nColumn, BOX_12, BOX_124, BOX_14);
+}
+columnar_end:
+if( seenInterrupt ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Interrupt\n", p->out);
+}
+nData = (nRow+1)*nColumn;
+for(i=0; i<nData; i++){
+z = azData[i];
+if( z!=zEmpty && z!=zShowNull ) free(azData[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(azData);
+sqlite3_free((void*)azNextLine);
+sqlite3_free(abRowDiv);
+if( azQuoted ){
+for(i=0; i<nColumn; i++) sqlite3_free(azQuoted[i]);
+sqlite3_free(azQuoted);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Run a prepared statement
+*/
+static void exec_prepared_stmt(
+ShellState *pArg,                                /* Pointer to ShellState */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                              /* Statement to run */
+){
+int rc;
+sqlite3_uint64 nRow = 0;
+if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Column
+|| pArg->cMode==MODE_Table
+|| pArg->cMode==MODE_Box
+|| pArg->cMode==MODE_Markdown
+){
+exec_prepared_stmt_columnar(pArg, pStmt);
+return;
+}
+/* perform the first step.  this will tell us if we
+** have a result set or not and how wide it is.
+*/
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+/* if we have a result set... */
+if( SQLITE_ROW == rc ){
+/* allocate space for col name ptr, value ptr, and type */
+int nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+void *pData = sqlite3_malloc64(3*nCol*sizeof(const char*) + 1);
+if( !pData ){
+shell_out_of_memory();
+}else{
+char **azCols = (char **)pData;      /* Names of result columns */
+char **azVals = &azCols[nCol];       /* Results */
+int *aiTypes = (int *)&azVals[nCol]; /* Result types */
+int i, x;
+assert(sizeof(int) <= sizeof(char *));
+/* save off ptrs to column names */
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+azCols[i] = (char *)sqlite3_column_name(pStmt, i);
+}
+do{
+nRow++;
+/* extract the data and data types */
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+aiTypes[i] = x = sqlite3_column_type(pStmt, i);
+if( x==SQLITE_BLOB
+&& pArg
+&& (pArg->cMode==MODE_Insert || pArg->cMode==MODE_Quote)
+){
+azVals[i] = "";
+}else{
+azVals[i] = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, i);
+}
+if( !azVals[i] && (aiTypes[i]!=SQLITE_NULL) ){
+rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+break; /* from for */
+}
+} /* end for */
+/* if data and types extracted successfully... */
+if( SQLITE_ROW == rc ){
+/* call the supplied callback with the result row data */
+if( shell_callback(pArg, nCol, azVals, azCols, aiTypes) ){
+rc = SQLITE_ABORT;
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+}
+}
+} while( SQLITE_ROW == rc );
+sqlite3_free(pData);
+if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Json ){
+sqlite3_fputs("]\n", pArg->out);
+}else if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Www ){
+sqlite3_fputs("</TABLE>\n<PRE>\n", pArg->out);
+}else if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Count ){
+char zBuf[200];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%llu row%s\n",
+nRow, nRow!=1 ? "s" : "");
+printf("%s", zBuf);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+/*
+** This function is called to process SQL if the previous shell command
+** was ".expert". It passes the SQL in the second argument directly to
+** the sqlite3expert object.
+**
+** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite error
+** code. In this case, (*pzErr) may be set to point to a buffer containing
+** an English language error message. It is the responsibility of the
+** caller to eventually free this buffer using sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static int expertHandleSQL(
+ShellState *pState,
+const char *zSql,
+char **pzErr
+){
+assert( pState->expert.pExpert );
+assert( pzErr==0 || *pzErr==0 );
+return sqlite3_expert_sql(pState->expert.pExpert, zSql, pzErr);
+}
+/*
+** This function is called either to silently clean up the object
+** created by the ".expert" command (if bCancel==1), or to generate a
+** report from it and then clean it up (if bCancel==0).
+**
+** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite error
+** code. In this case, (*pzErr) may be set to point to a buffer containing
+** an English language error message. It is the responsibility of the
+** caller to eventually free this buffer using sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static int expertFinish(
+ShellState *pState,
+int bCancel,
+char **pzErr
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3expert *p = pState->expert.pExpert;
+FILE *out = pState->out;
+assert( p );
+assert( bCancel || pzErr==0 || *pzErr==0 );
+if( bCancel==0 ){
+int bVerbose = pState->expert.bVerbose;
+rc = sqlite3_expert_analyze(p, pzErr);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int nQuery = sqlite3_expert_count(p);
+int i;
+if( bVerbose ){
+const char *zCand = sqlite3_expert_report(p,0,EXPERT_REPORT_CANDIDATES);
+sqlite3_fputs("-- Candidates -----------------------------\n", out);
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", zCand);
+}
+for(i=0; i<nQuery; i++){
+const char *zSql = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_SQL);
+const char *zIdx = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_INDEXES);
+const char *zEQP = sqlite3_expert_report(p, i, EXPERT_REPORT_PLAN);
+if( zIdx==0 ) zIdx = "(no new indexes)\n";
+if( bVerbose ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"-- Query %d --------------------------------\n"
+"%s\n\n"
+,i+1, zSql);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n%s\n", zIdx, zEQP);
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_expert_destroy(p);
+pState->expert.pExpert = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of ".expert" dot command.
+*/
+static int expertDotCommand(
+ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
+char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
+int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
+){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+char *zErr = 0;
+int i;
+int iSample = 0;
+assert( pState->expert.pExpert==0 );
+memset(&pState->expert, 0, sizeof(ExpertInfo));
+for(i=1; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azArg[i];
+int n;
+if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+n = strlen30(z);
+if( n>=2 && 0==cli_strncmp(z, "-verbose", n) ){
+pState->expert.bVerbose = 1;
+}
+else if( n>=2 && 0==cli_strncmp(z, "-sample", n) ){
+if( i==(nArg-1) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "option requires an argument: %s\n", z);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+iSample = (int)integerValue(azArg[++i]);
+if( iSample<0 || iSample>100 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"value out of range: %s\n", azArg[i]);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+}
+else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unknown option: %s\n", z);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pState->expert.pExpert = sqlite3_expert_new(pState->db, &zErr);
+if( pState->expert.pExpert==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"sqlite3_expert_new: %s\n", zErr ? zErr : "out of memory");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}else{
+sqlite3_expert_config(
+pState->expert.pExpert, EXPERT_CONFIG_SAMPLE, iSample
+);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+return rc;
+}
+#endif /* !SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE && !SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION */
+/*
+** Execute a statement or set of statements.  Print
+** any result rows/columns depending on the current mode
+** set via the supplied callback.
+**
+** This is very similar to SQLite's built-in sqlite3_exec()
+** function except it takes a slightly different callback
+** and callback data argument.
+*/
+static int shell_exec(
+ShellState *pArg,                         /* Pointer to ShellState */
+const char *zSql,                         /* SQL to be evaluated */
+char **pzErrMsg                           /* Error msg written here */
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = NULL;     /* Statement to execute. */
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return Code */
+int rc2;
+const char *zLeftover;          /* Tail of unprocessed SQL */
+sqlite3 *db = pArg->db;
+if( pzErrMsg ){
+*pzErrMsg = NULL;
+}
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+if( pArg->expert.pExpert ){
+rc = expertHandleSQL(pArg, zSql, pzErrMsg);
+return expertFinish(pArg, (rc!=SQLITE_OK), pzErrMsg);
+}
+#endif
+while( zSql[0] && (SQLITE_OK == rc) ){
+static const char *zStmtSql;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, &zLeftover);
+if( SQLITE_OK != rc ){
+if( pzErrMsg ){
+*pzErrMsg = save_err_msg(db, "in prepare", rc, zSql);
+}
+}else{
+if( !pStmt ){
+/* this happens for a comment or white-space */
+zSql = zLeftover;
+while( IsSpace(zSql[0]) ) zSql++;
+continue;
+}
+zStmtSql = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+if( zStmtSql==0 ) zStmtSql = "";
+while( IsSpace(zStmtSql[0]) ) zStmtSql++;
+/* save off the prepared statement handle and reset row count */
+if( pArg ){
+pArg->pStmt = pStmt;
+pArg->cnt = 0;
+}
+/* Show the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN if .eqp is on */
+if( pArg && pArg->autoEQP && sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==0 ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pExplain;
+int triggerEQP = 0;
+disable_debug_trace_modes();
+sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, -1, &triggerEQP);
+if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_trigger ){
+sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 1, 0);
+}
+pExplain = pStmt;
+sqlite3_reset(pExplain);
+rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(pExplain, 2);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+bind_prepared_stmt(pArg, pExplain);
+while( sqlite3_step(pExplain)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zEQPLine = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pExplain,3);
+int iEqpId = sqlite3_column_int(pExplain, 0);
+int iParentId = sqlite3_column_int(pExplain, 1);
+if( zEQPLine==0 ) zEQPLine = "";
+if( zEQPLine[0]=='-' ) eqp_render(pArg, 0);
+eqp_append(pArg, iEqpId, iParentId, zEQPLine);
+}
+eqp_render(pArg, 0);
+}
+if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_full ){
+/* Also do an EXPLAIN for ".eqp full" mode */
+sqlite3_reset(pExplain);
+rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(pExplain, 1);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+pArg->cMode = MODE_Explain;
+assert( sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pExplain)==1 );
+bind_prepared_stmt(pArg, pExplain);
+explain_data_prepare(pArg, pExplain);
+exec_prepared_stmt(pArg, pExplain);
+explain_data_delete(pArg);
+}
+}
+if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_trigger && triggerEQP==0 ){
+sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 0, 0);
+}
+sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+sqlite3_stmt_explain(pStmt, 0);
+restore_debug_trace_modes();
+}
+if( pArg ){
+int bIsExplain = (sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==1);
+pArg->cMode = pArg->mode;
+if( pArg->autoExplain ){
+if( bIsExplain ){
+pArg->cMode = MODE_Explain;
+}
+if( sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==2 ){
+pArg->cMode = MODE_EQP;
+}
+}
+/* If the shell is currently in ".explain" mode, gather the extra
+** data required to add indents to the output.*/
+if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Explain && bIsExplain ){
+explain_data_prepare(pArg, pStmt);
+}
+}
+bind_prepared_stmt(pArg, pStmt);
+exec_prepared_stmt(pArg, pStmt);
+explain_data_delete(pArg);
+eqp_render(pArg, 0);
+/* print usage stats if stats on */
+if( pArg && pArg->statsOn ){
+display_stats(db, pArg, 0);
+}
+/* print loop-counters if required */
+if( pArg && pArg->scanstatsOn ){
+display_scanstats(db, pArg);
+}
+/* Finalize the statement just executed. If this fails, save a
+** copy of the error message. Otherwise, set zSql to point to the
+** next statement to execute. */
+rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_NOMEM ) rc = rc2;
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zSql = zLeftover;
+while( IsSpace(zSql[0]) ) zSql++;
+}else if( pzErrMsg ){
+*pzErrMsg = save_err_msg(db, "stepping", rc, 0);
+}
+/* clear saved stmt handle */
+if( pArg ){
+pArg->pStmt = NULL;
+}
+}
+} /* end while */
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Release memory previously allocated by tableColumnList().
+*/
+static void freeColumnList(char **azCol){
+int i;
+for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
+sqlite3_free(azCol[i]);
+}
+/* azCol[0] is a static string */
+sqlite3_free(azCol);
+}
+/*
+** Return a list of pointers to strings which are the names of all
+** columns in table zTab.   The memory to hold the names is dynamically
+** allocated and must be released by the caller using a subsequent call
+** to freeColumnList().
+**
+** The azCol[0] entry is usually NULL.  However, if zTab contains a rowid
+** value that needs to be preserved, then azCol[0] is filled in with the
+** name of the rowid column.
+**
+** The first regular column in the table is azCol[1].  The list is terminated
+** by an entry with azCol[i]==0.
+*/
+static char **tableColumnList(ShellState *p, const char *zTab){
+char **azCol = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+char *zSql;
+int nCol = 0;
+i64 nAlloc = 0;
+int nPK = 0;       /* Number of PRIMARY KEY columns seen */
+int isIPK = 0;     /* True if one PRIMARY KEY column of type INTEGER */
+int preserveRowid = ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_PreserveRowid);
+int rc;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA table_info=%Q", zTab);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( rc ) return 0;
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+if( nCol>=nAlloc-2 ){
+nAlloc = nAlloc*2 + nCol + 10;
+azCol = sqlite3_realloc64(azCol, nAlloc*sizeof(azCol[0]));
+shell_check_oom(azCol);
+}
+azCol[++nCol] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1));
+shell_check_oom(azCol[nCol]);
+if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5) ){
+nPK++;
+if( nPK==1
+&& sqlite3_stricmp((const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2),
+"INTEGER")==0
+){
+isIPK = 1;
+}else{
+isIPK = 0;
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( azCol==0 ) return 0;
+azCol[0] = 0;
+azCol[nCol+1] = 0;
+/* The decision of whether or not a rowid really needs to be preserved
+** is tricky.  We never need to preserve a rowid for a WITHOUT ROWID table
+** or a table with an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY.  We are unable to preserve
+** rowids on tables where the rowid is inaccessible because there are other
+** columns in the table named "rowid", "_rowid_", and "oid".
+*/
+if( preserveRowid && isIPK ){
+/* If a single PRIMARY KEY column with type INTEGER was seen, then it
+** might be an alias for the ROWID.  But it might also be a WITHOUT ROWID
+** table or a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC column, neither of which are
+** ROWID aliases.  To distinguish these cases, check to see if
+** there is a "pk" entry in "PRAGMA index_list".  There will be
+** no "pk" index if the PRIMARY KEY really is an alias for the ROWID.
+*/
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT 1 FROM pragma_index_list(%Q)"
+" WHERE origin='pk'", zTab);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( rc ){
+freeColumnList(azCol);
+return 0;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+preserveRowid = rc==SQLITE_ROW;
+}
+if( preserveRowid ){
+/* Only preserve the rowid if we can find a name to use for the
+** rowid */
+static char *azRowid[] = { "rowid", "_rowid_", "oid" };
+int i, j;
+for(j=0; j<3; j++){
+for(i=1; i<=nCol; i++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(azRowid[j],azCol[i])==0 ) break;
+}
+if( i>nCol ){
+/* At this point, we know that azRowid[j] is not the name of any
+** ordinary column in the table.  Verify that azRowid[j] is a valid
+** name for the rowid before adding it to azCol[0].  WITHOUT ROWID
+** tables will fail this last check */
+rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,0,zTab,azRowid[j],0,0,0,0,0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) azCol[0] = azRowid[j];
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+return azCol;
+}
+/*
+** Toggle the reverse_unordered_selects setting.
+*/
+static void toggleSelectOrder(sqlite3 *db){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int iSetting = 0;
+char zStmt[100];
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+iSetting = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zStmt), zStmt,
+"PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects(%d)", !iSetting);
+sqlite3_exec(db, zStmt, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+/* Forward reference */
+static int db_int(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql, ...);
+/*
+** This is a different callback routine used for dumping the database.
+** Each row received by this callback consists of a table name,
+** the table type ("index" or "table") and SQL to create the table.
+** This routine should print text sufficient to recreate the table.
+*/
+static int dump_callback(void *pArg, int nArg, char **azArg, char **azNotUsed){
+int rc;
+const char *zTable;
+const char *zType;
+const char *zSql;
+ShellState *p = (ShellState *)pArg;
+int dataOnly;
+int noSys;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(azNotUsed);
+if( nArg!=3 || azArg==0 ) return 0;
+zTable = azArg[0];
+zType = azArg[1];
+zSql = azArg[2];
+if( zTable==0 ) return 0;
+if( zType==0 ) return 0;
+dataOnly = (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)!=0;
+noSys    = (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpNoSys)!=0;
+if( cli_strcmp(zTable, "sqlite_sequence")==0 && !noSys ){
+/* The sqlite_sequence table is repopulated last.  Delete content
+** in the sqlite_sequence table added by prior repopulations prior to
+** repopulating sqlite_sequence itself.  But only do this if the
+** table is non-empty, because if it is empty the table might not
+** have been recreated by prior repopulations. See forum posts:
+** 2024-10-13T17:10:01z and 2025-10-29T19:38:43z
+*/
+if( db_int(p->db, "SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_sequence")>0 ){
+if( !p->writableSchema ){
+sqlite3_fputs("PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;\n", p->out);
+p->writableSchema = 1;
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sqlite_sequence(name,seq);\n"
+"DELETE FROM sqlite_sequence;\n", p->out);
+}
+}else if( sqlite3_strglob("sqlite_stat?", zTable)==0 && !noSys ){
+if( !dataOnly ) sqlite3_fputs("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n", p->out);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zTable, "sqlite_", 7)==0 ){
+return 0;
+}else if( dataOnly ){
+/* no-op */
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zSql, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE", 20)==0 ){
+char *zIns;
+if( !p->writableSchema ){
+sqlite3_fputs("PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;\n", p->out);
+p->writableSchema = 1;
+}
+zIns = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"INSERT INTO sqlite_schema(type,name,tbl_name,rootpage,sql)"
+"VALUES('table','%q','%q',0,'%q');",
+zTable, zTable, zSql);
+shell_check_oom(zIns);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zIns);
+sqlite3_free(zIns);
+return 0;
+}else{
+printSchemaLine(p->out, zSql, ";\n");
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(zType, "table")==0 ){
+ShellText sSelect;
+ShellText sTable;
+char **azCol;
+int i;
+char *savedDestTable;
+int savedMode;
+azCol = tableColumnList(p, zTable);
+if( azCol==0 ){
+p->nErr++;
+return 0;
+}
+/* Always quote the table name, even if it appears to be pure ascii,
+** in case it is a keyword. Ex:  INSERT INTO "table" ... */
+initText(&sTable);
+appendText(&sTable, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));
+/* If preserving the rowid, add a column list after the table name.
+** In other words:  "INSERT INTO tab(rowid,a,b,c,...) VALUES(...)"
+** instead of the usual "INSERT INTO tab VALUES(...)".
+*/
+if( azCol[0] ){
+appendText(&sTable, "(", 0);
+appendText(&sTable, azCol[0], 0);
+for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
+appendText(&sTable, ",", 0);
+appendText(&sTable, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
+}
+appendText(&sTable, ")", 0);
+}
+/* Build an appropriate SELECT statement */
+initText(&sSelect);
+appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT ", 0);
+if( azCol[0] ){
+appendText(&sSelect, azCol[0], 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
+}
+for(i=1; azCol[i]; i++){
+appendText(&sSelect, azCol[i], quoteChar(azCol[i]));
+if( azCol[i+1] ){
+appendText(&sSelect, ",", 0);
+}
+}
+freeColumnList(azCol);
+appendText(&sSelect, " FROM ", 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, zTable, quoteChar(zTable));
+savedDestTable = p->zDestTable;
+savedMode = p->mode;
+p->zDestTable = sTable.zTxt;
+p->mode = p->cMode = MODE_Insert;
+rc = shell_exec(p, sSelect.zTxt, 0);
+if( (rc&0xff)==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+sqlite3_fputs("/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n", p->out);
+toggleSelectOrder(p->db);
+shell_exec(p, sSelect.zTxt, 0);
+toggleSelectOrder(p->db);
+}
+p->zDestTable = savedDestTable;
+p->mode = savedMode;
+freeText(&sTable);
+freeText(&sSelect);
+if( rc ) p->nErr++;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Run zQuery.  Use dump_callback() as the callback routine so that
+** the contents of the query are output as SQL statements.
+**
+** If we get a SQLITE_CORRUPT error, rerun the query after appending
+** "ORDER BY rowid DESC" to the end.
+*/
+static int run_schema_dump_query(
+ShellState *p,
+const char *zQuery
+){
+int rc;
+char *zErr = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zQuery, dump_callback, p, &zErr);
+if( rc==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+char *zQ2;
+int len = strlen30(zQuery);
+sqlite3_fputs("/****** CORRUPTION ERROR *******/\n", p->out);
+if( zErr ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "/****** %s ******/\n", zErr);
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+zErr = 0;
+}
+zQ2 = malloc( len+100 );
+if( zQ2==0 ) return rc;
+sqlite3_snprintf(len+100, zQ2, "%s ORDER BY rowid DESC", zQuery);
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zQ2, dump_callback, p, &zErr);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "/****** ERROR: %s ******/\n", zErr);
+}else{
+rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT;
+}
+free(zQ2);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Text of help messages.
+**
+** The help text for each individual command begins with a line that starts
+** with ".".  Subsequent lines are supplemental information.
+**
+** There must be two or more spaces between the end of the command and the
+** start of the description of what that command does.
+*/
+static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
+#if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) \
+&& !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+".archive ...             Manage SQL archives",
+"   Each command must have exactly one of the following options:",
+"     -c, --create               Create a new archive",
+"     -u, --update               Add or update files with changed mtime",
+"     -i, --insert               Like -u but always add even if unchanged",
+"     -r, --remove               Remove files from archive",
+"     -t, --list                 List contents of archive",
+"     -x, --extract              Extract files from archive",
+"   Optional arguments:",
+"     -v, --verbose              Print each filename as it is processed",
+"     -f FILE, --file FILE       Use archive FILE (default is current db)",
+"     -a FILE, --append FILE     Open FILE using the apndvfs VFS",
+"     -C DIR, --directory DIR    Read/extract files from directory DIR",
+"     -g, --glob                 Use glob matching for names in archive",
+"     -n, --dryrun               Show the SQL that would have occurred",
+"   Examples:",
+"     .ar -cf ARCHIVE foo bar  # Create ARCHIVE from files foo and bar",
+"     .ar -tf ARCHIVE          # List members of ARCHIVE",
+"     .ar -xvf ARCHIVE         # Verbosely extract files from ARCHIVE",
+"   See also:",
+"      http://sqlite.org/cli.html#sqlite_archive_support",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+".auth ON|OFF             Show authorizer callbacks",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".backup ?DB? FILE        Backup DB (default \"main\") to FILE",
+"   Options:",
+"       --append            Use the appendvfs",
+"       --async             Write to FILE without journal and fsync()",
+#endif
+".bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY",
+#endif
+".changes on|off          Show number of rows changed by SQL",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".check GLOB              Fail if output since .testcase does not match",
+".clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database",
+#endif
+".connection [close] [#]  Open or close an auxiliary database connection",
+".crlf ?on|off?           Whether or not to use \\r\\n line endings",
+".databases               List names and files of attached databases",
+".dbconfig ?op? ?val?     List or change sqlite3_db_config() options",
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+".dbinfo ?DB?             Show status information about the database",
+#endif
+".dbtotxt                 Hex dump of the database file",
+".dump ?OBJECTS?          Render database content as SQL",
+"   Options:",
+"     --data-only            Output only INSERT statements",
+"     --newlines             Allow unescaped newline characters in output",
+"     --nosys                Omit system tables (ex: \"sqlite_stat1\")",
+"     --preserve-rowids      Include ROWID values in the output",
+"   OBJECTS is a LIKE pattern for tables, indexes, triggers or views to dump",
+"   Additional LIKE patterns can be given in subsequent arguments",
+".echo on|off             Turn command echo on or off",
+".eqp on|off|full|...     Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN",
+"   Other Modes:",
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+"      test                  Show raw EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output",
+"      trace                 Like \"full\" but enable \"PRAGMA vdbe_trace\"",
+#endif
+"      trigger               Like \"full\" but also show trigger bytecode",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".excel                   Display the output of next command in spreadsheet",
+"   --bom                   Put a UTF8 byte-order mark on intermediate file",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".exit ?CODE?             Exit this program with return-code CODE",
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+".expert                  EXPERIMENTAL. Suggest indexes for queries",
+#endif
+".explain ?on|off|auto?   Change the EXPLAIN formatting mode.  Default: auto",
+".filectrl CMD ...        Run various sqlite3_file_control() operations",
+"   --schema SCHEMA         Use SCHEMA instead of \"main\"",
+"   --help                  Show CMD details",
+".fullschema ?--indent?   Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables",
+".headers on|off          Turn display of headers on or off",
+".help ?-all? ?PATTERN?   Show help text for PATTERN",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".import FILE TABLE       Import data from FILE into TABLE",
+"   Options:",
+"     --ascii               Use \\037 and \\036 as column and row separators",
+"     --csv                 Use , and \\n as column and row separators",
+"     --skip N              Skip the first N rows of input",
+"     --schema S            Target table to be S.TABLE",
+"     -v                    \"Verbose\" - increase auxiliary output",
+"   Notes:",
+"     *  If TABLE does not exist, it is created.  The first row of input",
+"        determines the column names.",
+"     *  If neither --csv or --ascii are used, the input mode is derived",
+"        from the \".mode\" output mode",
+"     *  If FILE begins with \"|\" then it is a command that generates the",
+"        input text.",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL
+".imposter INDEX TABLE    Create imposter table TABLE on index INDEX",
+#endif
+".indexes ?TABLE?         Show names of indexes",
+"                           If TABLE is specified, only show indexes for",
+"                           tables matching TABLE using the LIKE operator.",
+".intck ?STEPS_PER_UNLOCK?  Run an incremental integrity check on the db",
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
+",iotrace FILE            Enable I/O diagnostic logging to FILE",
+#endif
+".limit ?LIMIT? ?VAL?     Display or change the value of an SQLITE_LIMIT",
+".lint OPTIONS            Report potential schema issues.",
+"     Options:",
+"        fkey-indexes     Find missing foreign key indexes",
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+".load FILE ?ENTRY?       Load an extension library",
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+".log FILE|on|off         Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout",
+#else
+".log on|off              Turn logging on or off.",
+#endif
+".mode ?MODE? ?OPTIONS?   Set output mode",
+"   MODE is one of:",
+"     ascii       Columns/rows delimited by 0x1F and 0x1E",
+"     box         Tables using unicode box-drawing characters",
+"     csv         Comma-separated values",
+"     column      Output in columns.  (See .width)",
+"     html        HTML <table> code",
+"     insert      SQL insert statements for TABLE",
+"     json        Results in a JSON array",
+"     line        One value per line",
+"     list        Values delimited by \"|\"",
+"     markdown    Markdown table format",
+"     qbox        Shorthand for \"box --wrap 60 --quote\"",
+"     quote       Escape answers as for SQL",
+"     table       ASCII-art table",
+"     tabs        Tab-separated values",
+"     tcl         TCL list elements",
+"   OPTIONS: (for columnar modes or insert mode):",
+"     --escape T     ctrl-char escape; T is one of: symbol, ascii, off",
+"     --wrap N       Wrap output lines to no longer than N characters",
+"     --wordwrap B   Wrap or not at word boundaries per B (on/off)",
+"     --ww           Shorthand for \"--wordwrap 1\"",
+"     --quote        Quote output text as SQL literals",
+"     --noquote      Do not quote output text",
+"     TABLE          The name of SQL table used for \"insert\" mode",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".nonce STRING            Suspend safe mode for one command if nonce matches",
+#endif
+".nullvalue STRING        Use STRING in place of NULL values",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".once ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Output for the next SQL command only to FILE",
+"     If FILE begins with '|' then open as a pipe",
+"       --bom    Put a UTF8 byte-order mark at the beginning",
+"       -e       Send output to the system text editor",
+"       --plain  Use text/plain output instead of HTML for -w option",
+"       -w       Send output as HTML to a web browser (same as \".www\")",
+"       -x       Send output as CSV to a spreadsheet (same as \".excel\")",
+/* Note that .open is (partially) available in WASM builds but is
+** currently only intended to be used by the fiddle tool, not
+** end users, so is "undocumented." */
+".open ?OPTIONS? ?FILE?   Close existing database and reopen FILE",
+"     Options:",
+"        --append        Use appendvfs to append database to the end of FILE",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+"        --deserialize   Load into memory using sqlite3_deserialize()",
+#endif
+/*"        --exclusive     Set the SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag", UNDOCUMENTED */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+"        --hexdb         Load the output of \"dbtotxt\" as an in-memory db",
+#endif
+"        --ifexist       Only open if FILE already exists",
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+"        --maxsize N     Maximum size for --hexdb or --deserialized database",
+#endif
+"        --new           Initialize FILE to an empty database",
+"        --normal        FILE is an ordinary SQLite database",
+"        --nofollow      Do not follow symbolic links",
+"        --readonly      Open FILE readonly",
+"        --zip           FILE is a ZIP archive",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".output ?FILE?           Send output to FILE or stdout if FILE is omitted",
+"   If FILE begins with '|' then open it as a pipe.",
+"   If FILE is 'off' then output is disabled.",
+"   Options:",
+"     --bom                 Prefix output with a UTF8 byte-order mark",
+"     -e                    Send output to the system text editor",
+"     --plain               Use text/plain for -w option",
+"     -w                    Send output to a web browser",
+"     -x                    Send output as CSV to a spreadsheet",
+#endif
+".parameter CMD ...       Manage SQL parameter bindings",
+"   clear                   Erase all bindings",
+"   init                    Initialize the TEMP table that holds bindings",
+"   list                    List the current parameter bindings",
+"   set PARAMETER VALUE     Given SQL parameter PARAMETER a value of VALUE",
+"                           PARAMETER should start with one of: $ : @ ?",
+"   unset PARAMETER         Remove PARAMETER from the binding table",
+".print STRING...         Print literal STRING",
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
+".progress N              Invoke progress handler after every N opcodes",
+"   --limit N                 Interrupt after N progress callbacks",
+"   --once                    Do no more than one progress interrupt",
+"   --quiet|-q                No output except at interrupts",
+"   --reset                   Reset the count for each input and interrupt",
+#endif
+".prompt MAIN CONTINUE    Replace the standard prompts",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".quit                    Stop interpreting input stream, exit if primary.",
+".read FILE               Read input from FILE or command output",
+"    If FILE begins with \"|\", it is a command that generates the input.",
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+".recover                 Recover as much data as possible from corrupt db.",
+"   --ignore-freelist        Ignore pages that appear to be on db freelist",
+"   --lost-and-found TABLE   Alternative name for the lost-and-found table",
+"   --no-rowids              Do not attempt to recover rowid values",
+"                            that are not also INTEGER PRIMARY KEYs",
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".restore ?DB? FILE       Restore content of DB (default \"main\") from FILE",
+".save ?OPTIONS? FILE     Write database to FILE (an alias for .backup ...)",
+#endif
+".scanstats on|off|est    Turn sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() metrics on or off",
+".schema ?PATTERN?        Show the CREATE statements matching PATTERN",
+"   Options:",
+"      --indent             Try to pretty-print the schema",
+"      --nosys              Omit objects whose names start with \"sqlite_\"",
+",selftest ?OPTIONS?      Run tests defined in the SELFTEST table",
+"    Options:",
+"       --init               Create a new SELFTEST table",
+"       -v                   Verbose output",
+".separator COL ?ROW?     Change the column and row separators",
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+".session ?NAME? CMD ...  Create or control sessions",
+"   Subcommands:",
+"     attach TABLE             Attach TABLE",
+"     changeset FILE           Write a changeset into FILE",
+"     close                    Close one session",
+"     enable ?BOOLEAN?         Set or query the enable bit",
+"     filter GLOB...           Reject tables matching GLOBs",
+"     indirect ?BOOLEAN?       Mark or query the indirect status",
+"     isempty                  Query whether the session is empty",
+"     list                     List currently open session names",
+"     open DB NAME             Open a new session on DB",
+"     patchset FILE            Write a patchset into FILE",
+"   If ?NAME? is omitted, the first defined session is used.",
+#endif
+".sha3sum ...             Compute a SHA3 hash of database content",
+"    Options:",
+"      --schema              Also hash the sqlite_schema table",
+"      --sha3-224            Use the sha3-224 algorithm",
+"      --sha3-256            Use the sha3-256 algorithm (default)",
+"      --sha3-384            Use the sha3-384 algorithm",
+"      --sha3-512            Use the sha3-512 algorithm",
+"    Any other argument is a LIKE pattern for tables to hash",
+#if !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+".shell CMD ARGS...       Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
+#endif
+".show                    Show the current values for various settings",
+".stats ?ARG?             Show stats or turn stats on or off",
+"   off                      Turn off automatic stat display",
+"   on                       Turn on automatic stat display",
+"   stmt                     Show statement stats",
+"   vmstep                   Show the virtual machine step count only",
+#if !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+".system CMD ARGS...      Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell",
+#endif
+".tables ?TABLE?          List names of tables matching LIKE pattern TABLE",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+",testcase NAME           Begin redirecting output to 'testcase-out.txt'",
+#endif
+",testctrl CMD ...        Run various sqlite3_test_control() operations",
+"                           Run \".testctrl\" with no arguments for details",
+".timeout MS              Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds",
+".timer on|off            Turn SQL timer on or off",
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
+".trace ?OPTIONS?         Output each SQL statement as it is run",
+"    FILE                    Send output to FILE",
+"    stdout                  Send output to stdout",
+"    stderr                  Send output to stderr",
+"    off                     Disable tracing",
+"    --expanded              Expand query parameters",
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
+"    --normalized            Normal the SQL statements",
+#endif
+"    --plain                 Show SQL as it is input",
+"    --stmt                  Trace statement execution (SQLITE_TRACE_STMT)",
+"    --profile               Profile statements (SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE)",
+"    --row                   Trace each row (SQLITE_TRACE_ROW)",
+"    --close                 Trace connection close (SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE)",
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE */
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+".unmodule NAME ...       Unregister virtual table modules",
+"    --allexcept             Unregister everything except those named",
+#endif
+".version                 Show source, library and compiler versions",
+".vfsinfo ?AUX?           Information about the top-level VFS",
+".vfslist                 List all available VFSes",
+".vfsname ?AUX?           Print the name of the VFS stack",
+".width NUM1 NUM2 ...     Set minimum column widths for columnar output",
+"     Negative values right-justify",
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+".www                     Display output of the next command in web browser",
+"    --plain                 Show results as text/plain, not as HTML",
+#endif
+};
+/*
+** Output help text for commands that match zPattern.
+**
+**    *   If zPattern is NULL, then show all documented commands, but
+**        only give a one-line summary of each.
+**
+**    *   If zPattern is "-a" or "-all" or "--all" then show all help text
+**        for all commands except undocumented commands.
+**
+**    *   If zPattern is "0" then show all help for undocumented commands.
+**        Undocumented commands begin with "," instead of "." in the azHelp[]
+**        array.
+**
+**    *   If zPattern is a prefix for one or more documented commands, then
+**        show help for those commands.  If only a single command matches the
+**        prefix, show the full text of the help.  If multiple commands match,
+**        Only show just the first line of each.
+**
+**    *   Otherwise, show the complete text of any documented command for which
+**        zPattern is a LIKE match for any text within that command help
+**        text.
+**
+** Return the number commands that match zPattern.
+*/
+static int showHelp(FILE *out, const char *zPattern){
+int i = 0;
+int j = 0;
+int n = 0;
+char *zPat;
+if( zPattern==0 ){
+/* Show just the first line for all help topics */
+zPattern = "[a-z]";
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zPattern,"-a")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(zPattern,"-all")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(zPattern,"--all")==0
+){
+/* Show everything except undocumented commands */
+zPattern = ".";
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zPattern,"0")==0 ){
+/* Show complete help text of undocumented commands */
+int show = 0;
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
+if( azHelp[i][0]=='.' ){
+show = 0;
+}else if( azHelp[i][0]==',' ){
+show = 1;
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, ".%s\n", &azHelp[i][1]);
+n++;
+}else if( show ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
+}
+}
+return n;
+}
+/* Seek documented commands for which zPattern is an exact prefix */
+zPat = sqlite3_mprintf(".%s*", zPattern);
+shell_check_oom(zPat);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
+if( sqlite3_strglob(zPat, azHelp[i])==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[i]);
+j = i+1;
+n++;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zPat);
+if( n ){
+if( n==1 ){
+/* when zPattern is a prefix of exactly one command, then include
+** the details of that command, which should begin at offset j */
+while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j][0]==' ' ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
+j++;
+}
+}
+return n;
+}
+/* Look for documented commands that contain zPattern anywhere.
+** Show complete text of all documented commands that match. */
+zPat = sqlite3_mprintf("%%%s%%", zPattern);
+shell_check_oom(zPat);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(azHelp); i++){
+if( azHelp[i][0]==',' ){
+while( i<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[i+1][0]==' ' ) ++i;
+continue;
+}
+if( azHelp[i][0]=='.' ) j = i;
+if( sqlite3_strlike(zPat, azHelp[i], 0)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
+while( j<ArraySize(azHelp)-1 && azHelp[j+1][0]==' ' ){
+j++;
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s\n", azHelp[j]);
+}
+i = j;
+n++;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zPat);
+return n;
+}
+/* Forward reference */
+static int process_input(ShellState *p, const char*);
+/*
+** Read the content of file zName into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc64()
+** and return a pointer to the buffer. The caller is responsible for freeing
+** the memory.
+**
+** If parameter pnByte is not NULL, (*pnByte) is set to the number of bytes
+** read.
+**
+** For convenience, a nul-terminator byte is always appended to the data read
+** from the file before the buffer is returned. This byte is not included in
+** the final value of (*pnByte), if applicable.
+**
+** NULL is returned if any error is encountered. The final value of *pnByte
+** is undefined in this case.
+*/
+static char *readFile(const char *zName, int *pnByte){
+FILE *in = sqlite3_fopen(zName, "rb");
+long nIn;
+size_t nRead;
+char *pBuf;
+int rc;
+if( in==0 ) return 0;
+rc = fseek(in, 0, SEEK_END);
+if( rc!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: '%s' not seekable\n", zName);
+fclose(in);
+return 0;
+}
+nIn = ftell(in);
+rewind(in);
+pBuf = sqlite3_malloc64( nIn+1 );
+if( pBuf==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Error: out of memory\n", stderr);
+fclose(in);
+return 0;
+}
+nRead = fread(pBuf, nIn, 1, in);
+fclose(in);
+if( nRead!=1 ){
+sqlite3_free(pBuf);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot read '%s'\n", zName);
+return 0;
+}
+pBuf[nIn] = 0;
+if( pnByte ) *pnByte = nIn;
+return pBuf;
+}
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+/*
+** Close a single OpenSession object and release all of its associated
+** resources.
+*/
+static void session_close(OpenSession *pSession){
+int i;
+sqlite3session_delete(pSession->p);
+sqlite3_free(pSession->zName);
+for(i=0; i<pSession->nFilter; i++){
+sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter);
+memset(pSession, 0, sizeof(OpenSession));
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Close all OpenSession objects and release all associated resources.
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+static void session_close_all(ShellState *p, int i){
+int j;
+struct AuxDb *pAuxDb = i<0 ? p->pAuxDb : &p->aAuxDb[i];
+for(j=0; j<pAuxDb->nSession; j++){
+session_close(&pAuxDb->aSession[j]);
+}
+pAuxDb->nSession = 0;
+}
+#else
+# define session_close_all(X,Y)
+#endif
+/*
+** Implementation of the xFilter function for an open session.  Omit
+** any tables named by ".session filter" but let all other table through.
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+static int session_filter(void *pCtx, const char *zTab){
+OpenSession *pSession = (OpenSession*)pCtx;
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<pSession->nFilter; i++){
+if( sqlite3_strglob(pSession->azFilter[i], zTab)==0 ) return 0;
+}
+return 1;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Try to deduce the type of file for zName based on its content.  Return
+** one of the SHELL_OPEN_* constants.
+**
+** If the file does not exist or is empty but its name looks like a ZIP
+** archive and the dfltZip flag is true, then assume it is a ZIP archive.
+** Otherwise, assume an ordinary database regardless of the filename if
+** the type cannot be determined from content.
+*/
+int deduceDatabaseType(const char *zName, int dfltZip, int openFlags){
+FILE *f;
+size_t n;
+sqlite3 *db = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int rc = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
+char zBuf[100];
+if( access(zName,0)!=0 ) goto database_type_by_name;
+if( sqlite3_open_v2(zName, &db, openFlags, 0)==SQLITE_OK
+&& sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,"SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_schema",-1,&pStmt,0)
+==SQLITE_OK
+&& sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW
+){
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_close(db);
+if( rc==SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL ) return SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+f = sqlite3_fopen(zName, "rb");
+if( f==0 ) goto database_type_by_name;
+n = fread(zBuf, 16, 1, f);
+if( n==1 && memcmp(zBuf, "SQLite format 3", 16)==0 ){
+fclose(f);
+return SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+}
+fseek(f, -25, SEEK_END);
+n = fread(zBuf, 25, 1, f);
+if( n==1 && memcmp(zBuf, "Start-Of-SQLite3-", 17)==0 ){
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
+}else{
+fseek(f, -22, SEEK_END);
+n = fread(zBuf, 22, 1, f);
+if( n==1 && zBuf[0]==0x50 && zBuf[1]==0x4b && zBuf[2]==0x05
+&& zBuf[3]==0x06 ){
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+}else if( n==0 && dfltZip && sqlite3_strlike("%.zip",zName,0)==0 ){
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+}
+}
+fclose(f);
+return rc;
+database_type_by_name:
+if( dfltZip && sqlite3_strlike("%.zip",zName,0)==0 ){
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+}else{
+rc = SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+}
+return rc;
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+/*
+** Reconstruct an in-memory database using the output from the "dbtotxt"
+** program.  Read content from the file in p->aAuxDb[].zDbFilename.
+** If p->aAuxDb[].zDbFilename is 0, then read from standard input.
+*/
+static unsigned char *readHexDb(ShellState *p, int *pnData){
+unsigned char *a = 0;
+i64 nLine;
+int n = 0;                      /* Size of db per first line of hex dump */
+i64 sz = 0;                     /* n rounded up to nearest page boundary */
+int pgsz = 0;
+i64 iOffset = 0;
+int rc;
+FILE *in;
+const char *zDbFilename = p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename;
+unsigned int x[16];
+char zLine[1000];
+if( zDbFilename ){
+in = sqlite3_fopen(zDbFilename, "r");
+if( in==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"cannot open \"%s\" for reading\n", zDbFilename);
+return 0;
+}
+nLine = 0;
+}else{
+in = p->in;
+nLine = p->lineno;
+if( in==0 ) in = stdin;
+}
+*pnData = 0;
+nLine++;
+if( sqlite3_fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in)==0 ) goto readHexDb_error;
+rc = sscanf(zLine, "| size %d pagesize %d", &n, &pgsz);
+if( rc!=2 ) goto readHexDb_error;
+if( n<0 ) goto readHexDb_error;
+if( pgsz<512 || pgsz>65536 || (pgsz & (pgsz-1))!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("invalid pagesize\n", stderr);
+goto readHexDb_error;
+}
+sz = ((i64)n+pgsz-1)&~(pgsz-1); /* Round up to nearest multiple of pgsz */
+a = sqlite3_malloc64( sz ? sz : 1 );
+shell_check_oom(a);
+memset(a, 0, sz);
+for(nLine++; sqlite3_fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in)!=0; nLine++){
+int j = 0;                    /* Page number from "| page" line */
+int k = 0;                    /* Offset from "| page" line */
+if( nLine>=2000000000 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "input too big\n");
+goto readHexDb_error;
+}
+rc = sscanf(zLine, "| page %d offset %d", &j, &k);
+if( rc==2 ){
+iOffset = k;
+continue;
+}
+if( cli_strncmp(zLine, "| end ", 6)==0 ){
+break;
+}
+rc = sscanf(zLine,"| %d: %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x %x",
+&j, &x[0], &x[1], &x[2], &x[3], &x[4], &x[5], &x[6], &x[7],
+&x[8], &x[9], &x[10], &x[11], &x[12], &x[13], &x[14], &x[15]);
+if( rc==17 ){
+i64 iOff = iOffset+j;
+if( iOff+16<=sz && iOff>=0 ){
+int ii;
+for(ii=0; ii<16; ii++) a[iOff+ii] = x[ii]&0xff;
+}
+}
+}
+*pnData = sz;
+if( in!=p->in ){
+fclose(in);
+}else{
+p->lineno = nLine;
+}
+return a;
+readHexDb_error:
+if( in!=p->in ){
+fclose(in);
+}else{
+while( sqlite3_fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), p->in)!=0 ){
+nLine++;
+if(cli_strncmp(zLine, "| end ", 6)==0 ) break;
+}
+p->lineno = nLine;
+}
+sqlite3_free(a);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error on line %lld of --hexdb input\n", nLine);
+return 0;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE */
+/*
+** Scalar function "usleep(X)" invokes sqlite3_sleep(X) and returns X.
+*/
+static void shellUSleepFunc(
+sqlite3_context *context,
+int argcUnused,
+sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+int sleep = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+(void)argcUnused;
+sqlite3_sleep(sleep/1000);
+sqlite3_result_int(context, sleep);
+}
+/*
+** SQL function:  shell_module_schema(X)
+**
+** Return a fake schema for the table-valued function or eponymous virtual
+** table X.
+*/
+static void shellModuleSchema(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+const char *zName;
+char *zFake;
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)sqlite3_user_data(pCtx);
+FILE *pSavedLog = p->pLog;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(nVal);
+zName = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+/* Temporarily disable the ".log" when calling shellFakeSchema() because
+** shellFakeSchema() might generate failures for some ephemeral virtual
+** tables due to missing arguments.  Example: fts4aux.
+** https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/42fe6520b803be51 */
+p->pLog = 0;
+zFake = zName? shellFakeSchema(sqlite3_context_db_handle(pCtx), 0, zName) : 0;
+p->pLog = pSavedLog;
+if( zFake ){
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, sqlite3_mprintf("/* %s */", zFake),
+-1, sqlite3_free);
+sqlite3_free(zFake);
+}
+}
+/* Flags for open_db().
+**
+** The default behavior of open_db() is to exit(1) if the database fails to
+** open.  The OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE flag changes that so that it prints an error
+** but still returns without calling exit.
+**
+** The OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE flag causes open_db() to prefer to open files as a
+** ZIP archive if the file does not exist or is empty and its name matches
+** the *.zip pattern.
+*/
+#define OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE   0x001   /* Return after error if true */
+#define OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE     0x002   /* Open as ZIP if name matches *.zip */
+/*
+** Make sure the database is open.  If it is not, then open it.  If
+** the database fails to open, print an error message and exit.
+*/
+static void open_db(ShellState *p, int openFlags){
+if( p->db==0 ){
+const char *zDbFilename = p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename;
+if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC ){
+if( zDbFilename==0 || zDbFilename[0]==0 ){
+p->openMode = SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+}else{
+p->openMode = (u8)deduceDatabaseType(zDbFilename,
+(openFlags & OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE)!=0, p->openFlags);
+}
+}
+if( (p->openFlags & (SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE))==0 ){
+if( p->openFlags==0 ) p->openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+p->openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+}
+switch( p->openMode ){
+case SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS: {
+sqlite3_open_v2(zDbFilename, &p->db, p->openFlags, "apndvfs");
+break;
+}
+case SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB:
+case SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE: {
+sqlite3_open(0, &p->db);
+break;
+}
+case SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE: {
+sqlite3_open(":memory:", &p->db);
+break;
+}
+case SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC:
+case SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL: {
+sqlite3_open_v2(zDbFilename, &p->db, p->openFlags, 0);
+break;
+}
+}
+if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unable to open database \"%s\": %s\n",
+zDbFilename, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+if( (openFlags & OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE)==0 ){
+exit(1);
+}
+sqlite3_close(p->db);
+sqlite3_open(":memory:", &p->db);
+if( p->db==0 || SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_errcode(p->db) ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Also: unable to open substitute in-memory database.\n",
+stderr);
+exit(1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Notice: using substitute in-memory database instead of \"%s\"\n",
+zDbFilename);
+}
+}
+globalDb = p->db;
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, (int)0, (int*)0);
+/* Reflect the use or absence of --unsafe-testing invocation. */
+{
+int testmode_on = ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA, testmode_on,0);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, !testmode_on,0);
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
+sqlite3_enable_load_extension(p->db, 1);
+#endif
+sqlite3_sha_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_shathree_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_uint_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_stmtrand_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_decimal_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_base64_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_base85_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_regexp_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_ieee_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_series_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+sqlite3_fileio_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_completion_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+if( !p->bSafeModePersist ){
+sqlite3_zipfile_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_sqlar_init(p->db, 0, 0);
+}
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS
+/* Create a preprocessing mechanism for extensions to make
+* their own provisions for being built into the shell.
+* This is a short-span macro. See further below for usage.
+*/
+#define SHELL_SUB_MACRO(base, variant) base ## _ ## variant
+#define SHELL_SUBMACRO(base, variant) SHELL_SUB_MACRO(base, variant)
+/* Let custom-included extensions get their ..._init() called.
+* The WHATEVER_INIT( db, pzErrorMsg, pApi ) macro should cause
+* the extension's sqlite3_*_init( db, pzErrorMsg, pApi )
+* initialization routine to be called.
+*/
+{
+int irc = SHELL_SUBMACRO(SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS, INIT)(p->db);
+/* Let custom-included extensions expose their functionality.
+* The WHATEVER_EXPOSE( db, pzErrorMsg ) macro should cause
+* the SQL functions, virtual tables, collating sequences or
+* VFS's implemented by the extension to be registered.
+*/
+if( irc==SQLITE_OK
+|| irc==SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY ){
+SHELL_SUBMACRO(SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS, EXPOSE)(p->db, 0);
+}
+#undef SHELL_SUB_MACRO
+#undef SHELL_SUBMACRO
+}
+#endif
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "strtod", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+shellStrtod, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "dtostr", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+shellDtostr, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "dtostr", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+shellDtostr, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "shell_add_schema", 3, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+shellAddSchemaName, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "shell_module_schema", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, p,
+shellModuleSchema, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "shell_putsnl", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, p,
+shellPutsFunc, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "usleep",1,SQLITE_UTF8,0,
+shellUSleepFunc, 0, 0);
+#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "edit", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+editFunc, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "edit", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+editFunc, 0, 0);
+#endif
+if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE ){
+char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE zip USING zipfile(%Q);", zDbFilename);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+else
+if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE || p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB ){
+int rc;
+int nData = 0;
+unsigned char *aData;
+if( p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE ){
+aData = (unsigned char*)readFile(zDbFilename, &nData);
+}else{
+aData = readHexDb(p, &nData);
+}
+if( aData==0 ){
+return;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_deserialize(p->db, "main", aData, nData, nData,
+SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE |
+SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: sqlite3_deserialize() returns %d\n", rc);
+}
+if( p->szMax>0 ){
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, "main", SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT, &p->szMax);
+}
+}
+#endif
+}
+if( p->db!=0 ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+if( p->bSafeModePersist ){
+sqlite3_set_authorizer(p->db, safeModeAuth, p);
+}
+#endif
+sqlite3_db_config(
+p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, p->scanstatsOn, (int*)0
+);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Attempt to close the database connection.  Report errors.
+*/
+void close_db(sqlite3 *db){
+int rc = sqlite3_close(db);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Error: sqlite3_close() returns %d: %s\n", rc, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+}
+#if (HAVE_READLINE || HAVE_EDITLINE) \
+&& !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_READLINE_COMPLETION)
+/*
+** Readline completion callbacks
+*/
+static char *readline_completion_generator(const char *text, int state){
+static sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+char *zRet;
+if( state==0 ){
+char *zSql;
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT DISTINCT candidate COLLATE nocase"
+"  FROM completion(%Q) ORDER BY 1", text);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(globalDb, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
+zRet = z ? strdup(z) : 0;
+}else{
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+zRet = 0;
+}
+return zRet;
+}
+static char **readline_completion(const char *zText, int iStart, int iEnd){
+(void)iStart;
+(void)iEnd;
+rl_attempted_completion_over = 1;
+return rl_completion_matches(zText, readline_completion_generator);
+}
+#elif HAVE_LINENOISE
+/*
+** Linenoise completion callback. Note that the 3rd argument is from
+** the "msteveb" version of linenoise, not the "antirez" version.
+*/
+static void linenoise_completion(
+const char *zLine,
+linenoiseCompletions *lc
+#if HAVE_LINENOISE==2
+,void *pUserData
+#endif
+){
+i64 nLine = strlen(zLine);
+i64 i, iStart;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+char *zSql;
+char zBuf[1000];
+#if HAVE_LINENOISE==2
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(pUserData);
+#endif
+if( nLine>(i64)sizeof(zBuf)-30 ) return;
+if( zLine[0]=='.' || zLine[0]=='#') return;
+for(i=nLine-1; i>=0 && (IsAlnum(zLine[i]) || zLine[i]=='_'); i--){}
+if( i==nLine-1 ) return;
+iStart = i+1;
+memcpy(zBuf, zLine, iStart);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT DISTINCT candidate COLLATE nocase"
+"  FROM completion(%Q,%Q) ORDER BY 1",
+&zLine[iStart], zLine);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(globalDb, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+sqlite3_exec(globalDb, "PRAGMA page_count", 0, 0, 0); /* Load the schema */
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zCompletion = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0);
+int nCompletion = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 0);
+if( iStart+nCompletion < (i64)sizeof(zBuf)-1 && zCompletion ){
+memcpy(zBuf+iStart, zCompletion, nCompletion+1);
+linenoiseAddCompletion(lc, zBuf);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Do C-language style dequoting.
+**
+**    \a    -> alarm
+**    \b    -> backspace
+**    \t    -> tab
+**    \n    -> newline
+**    \v    -> vertical tab
+**    \f    -> form feed
+**    \r    -> carriage return
+**    \s    -> space
+**    \"    -> "
+**    \'    -> '
+**    \\    -> backslash
+**    \NNN  -> ascii character NNN in octal
+**    \xHH  -> ascii character HH in hexadecimal
+*/
+static void resolve_backslashes(char *z){
+int i, j;
+char c;
+while( *z && *z!='\\' ) z++;
+for(i=j=0; (c = z[i])!=0; i++, j++){
+if( c=='\\' && z[i+1]!=0 ){
+c = z[++i];
+if( c=='a' ){
+c = '\a';
+}else if( c=='b' ){
+c = '\b';
+}else if( c=='t' ){
+c = '\t';
+}else if( c=='n' ){
+c = '\n';
+}else if( c=='v' ){
+c = '\v';
+}else if( c=='f' ){
+c = '\f';
+}else if( c=='r' ){
+c = '\r';
+}else if( c=='"' ){
+c = '"';
+}else if( c=='\'' ){
+c = '\'';
+}else if( c=='\\' ){
+c = '\\';
+}else if( c=='x' ){
+int nhd = 0, hdv;
+u8 hv = 0;
+while( nhd<2 && (c=z[i+1+nhd])!=0 && (hdv=hexDigitValue(c))>=0 ){
+hv = (u8)((hv<<4)|hdv);
+++nhd;
+}
+i += nhd;
+c = (u8)hv;
+}else if( c>='0' && c<='7' ){
+c -= '0';
+if( z[i+1]>='0' && z[i+1]<='7' ){
+i++;
+c = (c<<3) + z[i] - '0';
+if( z[i+1]>='0' && z[i+1]<='7' ){
+i++;
+c = (c<<3) + z[i] - '0';
+}
+}
+}
+}
+z[j] = c;
+}
+if( j<i ) z[j] = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Interpret zArg as either an integer or a boolean value.  Return 1 or 0
+** for TRUE and FALSE.  Return the integer value if appropriate.
+*/
+static int booleanValue(const char *zArg){
+int i;
+if( zArg[0]=='0' && zArg[1]=='x' ){
+for(i=2; hexDigitValue(zArg[i])>=0; i++){}
+}else{
+for(i=0; zArg[i]>='0' && zArg[i]<='9'; i++){}
+}
+if( i>0 && zArg[i]==0 ) return (int)(integerValue(zArg) & 0xffffffff);
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zArg, "on")==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zArg,"yes")==0 ){
+return 1;
+}
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zArg, "off")==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zArg,"no")==0 ){
+return 0;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"ERROR: Not a boolean value: \"%s\". Assuming \"no\".\n", zArg);
+return 0;
+}
+/*
+** Set or clear a shell flag according to a boolean value.
+*/
+static void setOrClearFlag(ShellState *p, unsigned mFlag, const char *zArg){
+if( booleanValue(zArg) ){
+ShellSetFlag(p, mFlag);
+}else{
+ShellClearFlag(p, mFlag);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Close an output file, assuming it is not stderr or stdout
+*/
+static void output_file_close(FILE *f){
+if( f && f!=stdout && f!=stderr ) fclose(f);
+}
+/*
+** Try to open an output file.   The names "stdout" and "stderr" are
+** recognized and do the right thing.  NULL is returned if the output
+** filename is "off".
+*/
+static FILE *output_file_open(const char *zFile){
+FILE *f;
+if( cli_strcmp(zFile,"stdout")==0 ){
+f = stdout;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zFile, "stderr")==0 ){
+f = stderr;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zFile, "off")==0 ){
+f = 0;
+}else{
+f = sqlite3_fopen(zFile, "w");
+if( f==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
+}
+}
+return f;
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
+/*
+** A routine for handling output from sqlite3_trace().
+*/
+static int sql_trace_callback(
+unsigned mType,         /* The trace type */
+void *pArg,             /* The ShellState pointer */
+void *pP,               /* Usually a pointer to sqlite_stmt */
+void *pX                /* Auxiliary output */
+){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+const char *zSql;
+i64 nSql;
+if( p->traceOut==0 ) return 0;
+if( mType==SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE ){
+sputz(p->traceOut, "-- closing database connection\n");
+return 0;
+}
+if( mType!=SQLITE_TRACE_ROW && pX!=0 && ((const char*)pX)[0]=='-' ){
+zSql = (const char*)pX;
+}else{
+pStmt = (sqlite3_stmt*)pP;
+switch( p->eTraceType ){
+case SHELL_TRACE_EXPANDED: {
+zSql = sqlite3_expanded_sql(pStmt);
+break;
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
+case SHELL_TRACE_NORMALIZED: {
+zSql = sqlite3_normalized_sql(pStmt);
+break;
+}
+#endif
+default: {
+zSql = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+if( zSql==0 ) return 0;
+nSql = strlen(zSql);
+if( nSql>1000000000 ) nSql = 1000000000;
+while( nSql>0 && zSql[nSql-1]==';' ){ nSql--; }
+switch( mType ){
+case SQLITE_TRACE_ROW:
+case SQLITE_TRACE_STMT: {
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->traceOut, "%.*s;\n", (int)nSql, zSql);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE: {
+sqlite3_int64 nNanosec = pX ? *(sqlite3_int64*)pX : 0;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->traceOut,
+"%.*s; -- %lld ns\n", (int)nSql, zSql, nNanosec);
+break;
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** A no-op routine that runs with the ".breakpoint" doc-command.  This is
+** a useful spot to set a debugger breakpoint.
+**
+** This routine does not do anything practical.  The code are there simply
+** to prevent the compiler from optimizing this routine out.
+*/
+static void test_breakpoint(void){
+static unsigned int nCall = 0;
+if( (nCall++)==0xffffffff ) printf("Many .breakpoints have run\n");
+}
+/*
+** An object used to read a CSV and other files for import.
+*/
+typedef struct ImportCtx ImportCtx;
+struct ImportCtx {
+const char *zFile;  /* Name of the input file */
+FILE *in;           /* Read the CSV text from this input stream */
+int (SQLITE_CDECL *xCloser)(FILE*);      /* Func to close in */
+char *z;            /* Accumulated text for a field */
+i64 n;              /* Number of bytes in z */
+i64 nAlloc;         /* Space allocated for z[] */
+int nLine;          /* Current line number */
+int nRow;           /* Number of rows imported */
+int nErr;           /* Number of errors encountered */
+int bNotFirst;      /* True if one or more bytes already read */
+int cTerm;          /* Character that terminated the most recent field */
+int cColSep;        /* The column separator character.  (Usually ",") */
+int cRowSep;        /* The row separator character.  (Usually "\n") */
+};
+/* Clean up resourced used by an ImportCtx */
+static void import_cleanup(ImportCtx *p){
+if( p->in!=0 && p->xCloser!=0 ){
+p->xCloser(p->in);
+p->in = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_free(p->z);
+p->z = 0;
+}
+/* Append a single byte to z[] */
+static void import_append_char(ImportCtx *p, int c){
+if( p->n+1>=p->nAlloc ){
+p->nAlloc += p->nAlloc + 100;
+p->z = sqlite3_realloc64(p->z, p->nAlloc);
+shell_check_oom(p->z);
+}
+p->z[p->n++] = (char)c;
+}
+/* Read a single field of CSV text.  Compatible with rfc4180 and extended
+** with the option of having a separator other than ",".
+**
+**   +  Input comes from p->in.
+**   +  Store results in p->z of length p->n.  Space to hold p->z comes
+**      from sqlite3_malloc64().
+**   +  Use p->cSep as the column separator.  The default is ",".
+**   +  Use p->rSep as the row separator.  The default is "\n".
+**   +  Keep track of the line number in p->nLine.
+**   +  Store the character that terminates the field in p->cTerm.  Store
+**      EOF on end-of-file.
+**   +  Report syntax errors on stderr
+*/
+static char *SQLITE_CDECL csv_read_one_field(ImportCtx *p){
+int c;
+int cSep = (u8)p->cColSep;
+int rSep = (u8)p->cRowSep;
+p->n = 0;
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+if( c==EOF || seenInterrupt ){
+p->cTerm = EOF;
+return 0;
+}
+if( c=='"' ){
+int pc, ppc;
+int startLine = p->nLine;
+int cQuote = c;
+pc = ppc = 0;
+while( 1 ){
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+if( c==rSep ) p->nLine++;
+if( c==cQuote ){
+if( pc==cQuote ){
+pc = 0;
+continue;
+}
+}
+if( (c==cSep && pc==cQuote)
+|| (c==rSep && pc==cQuote)
+|| (c==rSep && pc=='\r' && ppc==cQuote)
+|| (c==EOF && pc==cQuote)
+){
+do{ p->n--; }while( p->z[p->n]!=cQuote );
+p->cTerm = c;
+break;
+}
+if( pc==cQuote && c!='\r' ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: unescaped %c character\n",
+p->zFile, p->nLine, cQuote);
+}
+if( c==EOF ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: unterminated %c-quoted field\n",
+p->zFile, startLine, cQuote);
+p->cTerm = c;
+break;
+}
+import_append_char(p, c);
+ppc = pc;
+pc = c;
+}
+}else{
+/* If this is the first field being parsed and it begins with the
+** UTF-8 BOM  (0xEF BB BF) then skip the BOM */
+if( (c&0xff)==0xef && p->bNotFirst==0 ){
+import_append_char(p, c);
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+if( (c&0xff)==0xbb ){
+import_append_char(p, c);
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+if( (c&0xff)==0xbf ){
+p->bNotFirst = 1;
+p->n = 0;
+return csv_read_one_field(p);
+}
+}
+}
+while( c!=EOF && c!=cSep && c!=rSep ){
+import_append_char(p, c);
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+}
+if( c==rSep ){
+p->nLine++;
+if( p->n>0 && p->z[p->n-1]=='\r' ) p->n--;
+}
+p->cTerm = c;
+}
+if( p->z ) p->z[p->n] = 0;
+p->bNotFirst = 1;
+return p->z;
+}
+/* Read a single field of ASCII delimited text.
+**
+**   +  Input comes from p->in.
+**   +  Store results in p->z of length p->n.  Space to hold p->z comes
+**      from sqlite3_malloc64().
+**   +  Use p->cSep as the column separator.  The default is "\x1F".
+**   +  Use p->rSep as the row separator.  The default is "\x1E".
+**   +  Keep track of the row number in p->nLine.
+**   +  Store the character that terminates the field in p->cTerm.  Store
+**      EOF on end-of-file.
+**   +  Report syntax errors on stderr
+*/
+static char *SQLITE_CDECL ascii_read_one_field(ImportCtx *p){
+int c;
+int cSep = (u8)p->cColSep;
+int rSep = (u8)p->cRowSep;
+p->n = 0;
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+if( c==EOF || seenInterrupt ){
+p->cTerm = EOF;
+return 0;
+}
+while( c!=EOF && c!=cSep && c!=rSep ){
+import_append_char(p, c);
+c = fgetc(p->in);
+}
+if( c==rSep ){
+p->nLine++;
+}
+p->cTerm = c;
+if( p->z ) p->z[p->n] = 0;
+return p->z;
+}
+/*
+** Try to transfer data for table zTable.  If an error is seen while
+** moving forward, try to go backwards.  The backwards movement won't
+** work for WITHOUT ROWID tables.
+*/
+static void tryToCloneData(
+ShellState *p,
+sqlite3 *newDb,
+const char *zTable
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pQuery = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pInsert = 0;
+char *zQuery = 0;
+char *zInsert = 0;
+int rc;
+int i, j, n;
+int nTable = strlen30(zTable);
+int k = 0;
+int cnt = 0;
+const int spinRate = 10000;
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT * FROM \"%w\"", zTable);
+shell_check_oom(zQuery);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
+sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
+goto end_data_xfer;
+}
+n = sqlite3_column_count(pQuery);
+zInsert = sqlite3_malloc64(200 + nTable + n*3);
+shell_check_oom(zInsert);
+sqlite3_snprintf(200+nTable,zInsert,
+"INSERT OR IGNORE INTO \"%s\" VALUES(?", zTable);
+i = strlen30(zInsert);
+for(j=1; j<n; j++){
+memcpy(zInsert+i, ",?", 2);
+i += 2;
+}
+memcpy(zInsert+i, ");", 3);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(newDb, zInsert, -1, &pInsert, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
+sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb), zInsert);
+goto end_data_xfer;
+}
+for(k=0; k<2; k++){
+while( (rc = sqlite3_step(pQuery))==SQLITE_ROW ){
+for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+switch( sqlite3_column_type(pQuery, i) ){
+case SQLITE_NULL: {
+sqlite3_bind_null(pInsert, i+1);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+sqlite3_bind_int64(pInsert, i+1, sqlite3_column_int64(pQuery,i));
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+sqlite3_bind_double(pInsert, i+1, sqlite3_column_double(pQuery,i));
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+sqlite3_bind_text(pInsert, i+1,
+(const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pQuery,i),
+-1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+sqlite3_bind_blob(pInsert, i+1, sqlite3_column_blob(pQuery,i),
+sqlite3_column_bytes(pQuery,i),
+SQLITE_STATIC);
+break;
+}
+}
+} /* End for */
+rc = sqlite3_step(pInsert);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_ROW && rc!=SQLITE_DONE ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error %d: %s\n",
+sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
+}
+sqlite3_reset(pInsert);
+cnt++;
+if( (cnt%spinRate)==0 ){
+printf("%c\b", "|/-\\"[(cnt/spinRate)%4]);
+fflush(stdout);
+}
+} /* End while */
+if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) break;
+sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
+sqlite3_free(zQuery);
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT * FROM \"%w\" ORDER BY rowid DESC;",
+zTable);
+shell_check_oom(zQuery);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Warning: cannot step \"%s\" backwards", zTable);
+break;
+}
+} /* End for(k=0...) */
+end_data_xfer:
+sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
+sqlite3_finalize(pInsert);
+sqlite3_free(zQuery);
+sqlite3_free(zInsert);
+}
+/*
+** Try to transfer all rows of the schema that match zWhere.  For
+** each row, invoke xForEach() on the object defined by that row.
+** If an error is encountered while moving forward through the
+** sqlite_schema table, try again moving backwards.
+*/
+static void tryToCloneSchema(
+ShellState *p,
+sqlite3 *newDb,
+const char *zWhere,
+void (*xForEach)(ShellState*,sqlite3*,const char*)
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pQuery = 0;
+char *zQuery = 0;
+int rc;
+const unsigned char *zName;
+const unsigned char *zSql;
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE %s ORDER BY rowid ASC", zWhere);
+shell_check_oom(zQuery);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n", sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db),
+sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
+goto end_schema_xfer;
+}
+while( (rc = sqlite3_step(pQuery))==SQLITE_ROW ){
+zName = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 0);
+zSql = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 1);
+if( zName==0 || zSql==0 ) continue;
+if( sqlite3_stricmp((char*)zName, "sqlite_sequence")!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
+sqlite3_exec(newDb, (const char*)zSql, 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
+if( zErrMsg ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+zErrMsg = 0;
+}
+}
+if( xForEach ){
+xForEach(p, newDb, (const char*)zName);
+}
+sputz(stdout, "done\n");
+}
+if( rc!=SQLITE_DONE ){
+sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
+sqlite3_free(zQuery);
+zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE %s ORDER BY rowid DESC", zWhere);
+shell_check_oom(zQuery);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zQuery, -1, &pQuery, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: (%d) %s on [%s]\n",
+sqlite3_extended_errcode(p->db), sqlite3_errmsg(p->db), zQuery);
+goto end_schema_xfer;
+}
+while( sqlite3_step(pQuery)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+zName = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 0);
+zSql = sqlite3_column_text(pQuery, 1);
+if( zName==0 || zSql==0 ) continue;
+if( sqlite3_stricmp((char*)zName, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ) continue;
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%s... ", zName); fflush(stdout);
+sqlite3_exec(newDb, (const char*)zSql, 0, 0, &zErrMsg);
+if( zErrMsg ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\nSQL: [%s]\n", zErrMsg, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+zErrMsg = 0;
+}
+if( xForEach ){
+xForEach(p, newDb, (const char*)zName);
+}
+sputz(stdout, "done\n");
+}
+}
+end_schema_xfer:
+sqlite3_finalize(pQuery);
+sqlite3_free(zQuery);
+}
+/*
+** Open a new database file named "zNewDb".  Try to recover as much information
+** as possible out of the main database (which might be corrupt) and write it
+** into zNewDb.
+*/
+static void tryToClone(ShellState *p, const char *zNewDb){
+int rc;
+sqlite3 *newDb = 0;
+if( access(zNewDb,0)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"File \"%s\" already exists.\n", zNewDb);
+return;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_open(zNewDb, &newDb);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Cannot create output database: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(newDb));
+}else{
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=ON;", 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(newDb, "BEGIN EXCLUSIVE;", 0, 0, 0);
+tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type='table'", tryToCloneData);
+tryToCloneSchema(p, newDb, "type!='table'", 0);
+sqlite3_exec(newDb, "COMMIT;", 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
+}
+close_db(newDb);
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/*
+** Change the output stream (file or pipe or console) to something else.
+*/
+static void output_redir(ShellState *p, FILE *pfNew){
+if( p->out != stdout ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Output already redirected.\n", stderr);
+}else{
+p->out = pfNew;
+setCrlfMode(p);
+if( p->mode==MODE_Www ){
+sqlite3_fputs(
+"<!DOCTYPE html>\n"
+"<HTML><BODY><PRE>\n",
+p->out
+);
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Change the output file back to stdout.
+**
+** If the p->doXdgOpen flag is set, that means the output was being
+** redirected to a temporary file named by p->zTempFile.  In that case,
+** launch start/open/xdg-open on that temporary file.
+*/
+static void output_reset(ShellState *p){
+if( p->outfile[0]=='|' ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
+pclose(p->out);
+#endif
+}else{
+if( p->mode==MODE_Www ){
+sqlite3_fputs("</PRE></BODY></HTML>\n", p->out);
+}
+output_file_close(p->out);
+#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
+if( p->doXdgOpen ){
+const char *zXdgOpenCmd =
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+"start";
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+"open";
+#else
+"xdg-open";
+#endif
+char *zCmd;
+zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf("%s %s", zXdgOpenCmd, p->zTempFile);
+if( system(zCmd) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Failed: [%s]\n", zCmd);
+}else{
+/* Give the start/open/xdg-open command some time to get
+** going before we continue, and potential delete the
+** p->zTempFile data file out from under it */
+sqlite3_sleep(2000);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCmd);
+outputModePop(p);
+p->doXdgOpen = 0;
+}
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) */
+}
+p->outfile[0] = 0;
+p->out = stdout;
+setCrlfMode(p);
+}
+#else
+# define output_redir(SS,pfO)
+# define output_reset(SS)
+#endif
+/*
+** Run an SQL command and return the single integer result.
+*/
+static int db_int(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql, ...){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+int res = 0;
+char *z;
+va_list ap;
+va_start(ap, zSql);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zSql, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, z, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( pStmt && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+res = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,0);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+return res;
+}
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+/*
+** Convert a 2-byte or 4-byte big-endian integer into a native integer
+*/
+static unsigned int get2byteInt(unsigned char *a){
+return ((unsigned int)a[0]<<8) + (unsigned int)a[1];
+}
+static unsigned int get4byteInt(unsigned char *a){
+return ((unsigned int)a[0]<<24)
++ ((unsigned int)a[1]<<16)
++ ((unsigned int)a[2]<<8)
++ (unsigned int)a[3];
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of the ".dbinfo" command.
+**
+** Return 1 on error, 2 to exit, and 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static int shell_dbinfo_command(ShellState *p, int nArg, char **azArg){
+static const struct { const char *zName; int ofst; } aField[] = {
+{ "file change counter:",  24  },
+{ "database page count:",  28  },
+{ "freelist page count:",  36  },
+{ "schema cookie:",        40  },
+{ "schema format:",        44  },
+{ "default cache size:",   48  },
+{ "autovacuum top root:",  52  },
+{ "incremental vacuum:",   64  },
+{ "text encoding:",        56  },
+{ "user version:",         60  },
+{ "application id:",       68  },
+{ "software version:",     96  },
+};
+static const struct { const char *zName; const char *zSql; } aQuery[] = {
+{ "number of tables:",
+"SELECT count(*) FROM %s WHERE type='table'" },
+{ "number of indexes:",
+"SELECT count(*) FROM %s WHERE type='index'" },
+{ "number of triggers:",
+"SELECT count(*) FROM %s WHERE type='trigger'" },
+{ "number of views:",
+"SELECT count(*) FROM %s WHERE type='view'" },
+{ "schema size:",
+"SELECT total(length(sql)) FROM %s" },
+};
+int i, rc;
+unsigned iDataVersion;
+char *zSchemaTab;
+char *zDb = nArg>=2 ? azArg[1] : "main";
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+unsigned char aHdr[100];
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( p->db==0 ) return 1;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT data FROM sqlite_dbpage(?1) WHERE pgno=1",
+-1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+return 1;
+}
+sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, zDb, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW
+&& sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt,0)>100
+){
+const u8 *pb = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt,0);
+shell_check_oom(pb);
+memcpy(aHdr, pb, 100);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("unable to read database header\n", stderr);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+return 1;
+}
+i = get2byteInt(aHdr+16);
+if( i==1 ) i = 65536;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "database page size:", i);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "write format:", aHdr[18]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "read format:", aHdr[19]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", "reserved bytes:", aHdr[20]);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aField); i++){
+int ofst = aField[i].ofst;
+unsigned int val = get4byteInt(aHdr + ofst);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %u", aField[i].zName, val);
+switch( ofst ){
+case 56: {
+if( val==1 ) sqlite3_fputs(" (utf8)", p->out);
+if( val==2 ) sqlite3_fputs(" (utf16le)", p->out);
+if( val==3 ) sqlite3_fputs(" (utf16be)", p->out);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+if( zDb==0 ){
+zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("main.sqlite_schema");
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zDb,"temp")==0 ){
+zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", "sqlite_temp_schema");
+}else{
+zSchemaTab = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\".sqlite_schema", zDb);
+}
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aQuery); i++){
+int val = db_int(p->db, aQuery[i].zSql, zSchemaTab);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %d\n", aQuery[i].zName, val);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zSchemaTab);
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDb, SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION, &iDataVersion);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%-20s %u\n", "data version", iDataVersion);
+return 0;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER */
+/*
+** Implementation of the ".dbtotxt" command.
+**
+** Return 1 on error, 2 to exit, and 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static int shell_dbtotxt_command(ShellState *p, int nArg, char **azArg){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 nPage = 0;
+int pgSz = 0;
+const char *zTail;
+char *zName = 0;
+int rc, i, j;
+unsigned char bShow[256];   /* Characters ok to display */
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(nArg);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(azArg);
+memset(bShow, '.', sizeof(bShow));
+for(i=' '; i<='~'; i++){
+if( i!='{' && i!='}' && i!='"' && i!='\\' ) bShow[i] = (unsigned char)i;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA page_size", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+rc = 0;
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)!=SQLITE_ROW ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+pgSz = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+if( pgSz<512 || pgSz>65536 || (pgSz&(pgSz-1))!=0 ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA page_count", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+rc = 0;
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)!=SQLITE_ROW ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+nPage = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+if( nPage<1 ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)!=SQLITE_ROW ){
+zTail = "unk.db";
+}else{
+const char *zFilename = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 2);
+if( zFilename==0 || zFilename[0]==0 ) zFilename = "unk.db";
+zTail = strrchr(zFilename, '/');
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+if( zTail==0 ) zTail = strrchr(zFilename, '\\');
+#endif
+if( zTail==0 ){
+zTail = zFilename;
+}else if( zTail[1]!=0 ){
+zTail++;
+}
+}
+zName = strdup(zTail);
+shell_check_oom(zName);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "| size %lld pagesize %d filename %s\n",
+nPage*pgSz, pgSz, zName);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT pgno, data FROM sqlite_dbpage ORDER BY pgno", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ) goto dbtotxt_error;
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+sqlite3_int64 pgno = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
+const u8 *aData = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, 1);
+int seenPageLabel = 0;
+for(i=0; i<pgSz; i+=16){
+const u8 *aLine = aData+i;
+for(j=0; j<16 && aLine[j]==0; j++){}
+if( j==16 ) continue;
+if( !seenPageLabel ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "| page %lld offset %lld\n",pgno,(pgno-1)*pgSz);
+seenPageLabel = 1;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "|  %5d:", i);
+for(j=0; j<16; j++) sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, " %02x", aLine[j]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "   ");
+for(j=0; j<16; j++){
+unsigned char c = (unsigned char)aLine[j];
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%c", bShow[c]);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "\n");
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "| end %s\n", zName);
+free(zName);
+return 0;
+dbtotxt_error:
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+free(zName);
+return 1;
+}
+/*
+** Print the given string as an error message.
+*/
+static void shellEmitError(const char *zErr){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\n", zErr);
+}
+/*
+** Print the current sqlite3_errmsg() value to stderr and return 1.
+*/
+static int shellDatabaseError(sqlite3 *db){
+shellEmitError(sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+return 1;
+}
+/*
+** Compare the pattern in zGlob[] against the text in z[].  Return TRUE
+** if they match and FALSE (0) if they do not match.
+**
+** Globbing rules:
+**
+**      '*'       Matches any sequence of zero or more characters.
+**
+**      '?'       Matches exactly one character.
+**
+**     [...]      Matches one character from the enclosed list of
+**                characters.
+**
+**     [^...]     Matches one character not in the enclosed list.
+**
+**      '#'       Matches any sequence of one or more digits with an
+**                optional + or - sign in front
+**
+**      ' '       Any span of whitespace matches any other span of
+**                whitespace.
+**
+** Extra whitespace at the end of z[] is ignored.
+*/
+static int testcase_glob(const char *zGlob, const char *z){
+int c, c2;
+int invert;
+int seen;
+while( (c = (*(zGlob++)))!=0 ){
+if( IsSpace(c) ){
+if( !IsSpace(*z) ) return 0;
+while( IsSpace(*zGlob) ) zGlob++;
+while( IsSpace(*z) ) z++;
+}else if( c=='*' ){
+while( (c=(*(zGlob++))) == '*' || c=='?' ){
+if( c=='?' && (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+}
+if( c==0 ){
+return 1;
+}else if( c=='[' ){
+while( *z && testcase_glob(zGlob-1,z)==0 ){
+z++;
+}
+return (*z)!=0;
+}
+while( (c2 = (*(z++)))!=0 ){
+while( c2!=c ){
+c2 = *(z++);
+if( c2==0 ) return 0;
+}
+if( testcase_glob(zGlob,z) ) return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}else if( c=='?' ){
+if( (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+}else if( c=='[' ){
+int prior_c = 0;
+seen = 0;
+invert = 0;
+c = *(z++);
+if( c==0 ) return 0;
+c2 = *(zGlob++);
+if( c2=='^' ){
+invert = 1;
+c2 = *(zGlob++);
+}
+if( c2==']' ){
+if( c==']' ) seen = 1;
+c2 = *(zGlob++);
+}
+while( c2 && c2!=']' ){
+if( c2=='-' && zGlob[0]!=']' && zGlob[0]!=0 && prior_c>0 ){
+c2 = *(zGlob++);
+if( c>=prior_c && c<=c2 ) seen = 1;
+prior_c = 0;
+}else{
+if( c==c2 ){
+seen = 1;
+}
+prior_c = c2;
+}
+c2 = *(zGlob++);
+}
+if( c2==0 || (seen ^ invert)==0 ) return 0;
+}else if( c=='#' ){
+if( (z[0]=='-' || z[0]=='+') && IsDigit(z[1]) ) z++;
+if( !IsDigit(z[0]) ) return 0;
+z++;
+while( IsDigit(z[0]) ){ z++; }
+}else{
+if( c!=(*(z++)) ) return 0;
+}
+}
+while( IsSpace(*z) ){ z++; }
+return *z==0;
+}
+/*
+** Compare the string as a command-line option with either one or two
+** initial "-" characters.
+*/
+static int optionMatch(const char *zStr, const char *zOpt){
+if( zStr[0]!='-' ) return 0;
+zStr++;
+if( zStr[0]=='-' ) zStr++;
+return cli_strcmp(zStr, zOpt)==0;
+}
+/*
+** The input zFN is guaranteed to start with "file:" and is thus a URI
+** filename.  Extract the actual filename and return a pointer to that
+** filename in spaced obtained from sqlite3_malloc().
+**
+** The caller is responsible for freeing space using sqlite3_free() when
+** it has finished with the filename.
+*/
+static char *shellFilenameFromUri(const char *zFN){
+char *zOut;
+int i, j, d1, d2;
+assert( cli_strncmp(zFN,"file:",5)==0 );
+zOut = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zFN+5);
+shell_check_oom(zOut);
+for(i=j=0; zOut[i]!=0 && zOut[i]!='?'; i++){
+if( zOut[i]!='%' ){
+zOut[j++] = zOut[i];
+continue;
+}
+d1 = hexDigitValue(zOut[i+1]);
+if( d1<0 ){
+zOut[j] = 0;
+break;
+}
+d2 = hexDigitValue(zOut[i+2]);
+if( d2<0 ){
+zOut[j] = 0;
+break;
+}
+zOut[j++] = d1*16 + d2;
+i += 2;
+}
+zOut[j] = 0;
+return zOut;
+}
+/*
+** Delete a file.
+*/
+int shellDeleteFile(const char *zFilename){
+int rc;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+wchar_t *z = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(zFilename);
+rc = _wunlink(z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+#else
+rc = unlink(zFilename);
+#endif
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Try to delete the temporary file (if there is one) and free the
+** memory used to hold the name of the temp file.
+*/
+static void clearTempFile(ShellState *p){
+if( p->zTempFile==0 ) return;
+if( p->doXdgOpen ) return;
+if( shellDeleteFile(p->zTempFile) ) return;
+sqlite3_free(p->zTempFile);
+p->zTempFile = 0;
+}
+/*
+** Create a new temp file name with the given suffix.
+*/
+static void newTempFile(ShellState *p, const char *zSuffix){
+clearTempFile(p);
+sqlite3_free(p->zTempFile);
+p->zTempFile = 0;
+if( p->db ){
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, 0, SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME, &p->zTempFile);
+}
+if( p->zTempFile==0 ){
+/* If p->db is an in-memory database then the TEMPFILENAME file-control
+** will not work and we will need to fallback to guessing */
+char *zTemp;
+sqlite3_uint64 r;
+sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(r), &r);
+zTemp = getenv("TEMP");
+if( zTemp==0 ) zTemp = getenv("TMP");
+if( zTemp==0 ){
+#ifdef _WIN32
+zTemp = "\\tmp";
+#else
+zTemp = "/tmp";
+#endif
+}
+p->zTempFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/temp%llx.%s", zTemp, r, zSuffix);
+}else{
+p->zTempFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%z.%s", p->zTempFile, zSuffix);
+}
+shell_check_oom(p->zTempFile);
+}
+/*
+** The implementation of SQL scalar function fkey_collate_clause(), used
+** by the ".lint fkey-indexes" command. This scalar function is always
+** called with four arguments - the parent table name, the parent column name,
+** the child table name and the child column name.
+**
+**   fkey_collate_clause('parent-tab', 'parent-col', 'child-tab', 'child-col')
+**
+** If either of the named tables or columns do not exist, this function
+** returns an empty string. An empty string is also returned if both tables
+** and columns exist but have the same default collation sequence. Or,
+** if both exist but the default collation sequences are different, this
+** function returns the string " COLLATE <parent-collation>", where
+** <parent-collation> is the default collation sequence of the parent column.
+*/
+static void shellFkeyCollateClause(
+sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+int nVal,
+sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(pCtx);
+const char *zParent;
+const char *zParentCol;
+const char *zParentSeq;
+const char *zChild;
+const char *zChildCol;
+const char *zChildSeq = 0;  /* Initialize to avoid false-positive warning */
+int rc;
+assert( nVal==4 );
+zParent = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+zParentCol = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[1]);
+zChild = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[2]);
+zChildCol = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[3]);
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "", -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+db, "main", zParent, zParentCol, 0, &zParentSeq, 0, 0, 0
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+db, "main", zChild, zChildCol, 0, &zChildSeq, 0, 0, 0
+);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_stricmp(zParentSeq, zChildSeq) ){
+char *z = sqlite3_mprintf(" COLLATE %s", zParentSeq);
+sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+}
+/*
+** The implementation of dot-command ".lint fkey-indexes".
+*/
+static int lintFkeyIndexes(
+ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
+char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
+int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
+){
+sqlite3 *db = pState->db;       /* Database handle to query "main" db of */
+int bVerbose = 0;               /* If -verbose is present */
+int bGroupByParent = 0;         /* If -groupbyparent is present */
+int i;                          /* To iterate through azArg[] */
+const char *zIndent = "";       /* How much to indent CREATE INDEX by */
+int rc;                         /* Return code */
+sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;         /* Compiled version of SQL statement below */
+FILE *out = pState->out;        /* Send output here */
+/*
+** This SELECT statement returns one row for each foreign key constraint
+** in the schema of the main database. The column values are:
+**
+** 0. The text of an SQL statement similar to:
+**
+**      "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT 1 FROM child_table WHERE child_key=?"
+**
+**    This SELECT is similar to the one that the foreign keys implementation
+**    needs to run internally on child tables. If there is an index that can
+**    be used to optimize this query, then it can also be used by the FK
+**    implementation to optimize DELETE or UPDATE statements on the parent
+**    table.
+**
+** 1. A GLOB pattern suitable for sqlite3_strglob(). If the plan output by
+**    the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN command matches this pattern, then the schema
+**    contains an index that can be used to optimize the query.
+**
+** 2. Human readable text that describes the child table and columns. e.g.
+**
+**       "child_table(child_key1, child_key2)"
+**
+** 3. Human readable text that describes the parent table and columns. e.g.
+**
+**       "parent_table(parent_key1, parent_key2)"
+**
+** 4. A full CREATE INDEX statement for an index that could be used to
+**    optimize DELETE or UPDATE statements on the parent table. e.g.
+**
+**       "CREATE INDEX child_table_child_key ON child_table(child_key)"
+**
+** 5. The name of the parent table.
+**
+** These six values are used by the C logic below to generate the report.
+*/
+const char *zSql =
+"SELECT "
+"     'EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT 1 FROM ' || quote(s.name) || ' WHERE '"
+"  || group_concat(quote(s.name) || '.' || quote(f.[from]) || '=?' "
+"  || fkey_collate_clause("
+"       f.[table], COALESCE(f.[to], p.[name]), s.name, f.[from]),' AND ')"
+", "
+"     'SEARCH ' || s.name || ' USING COVERING INDEX*('"
+"  || group_concat('*=?', ' AND ') || ')'"
+", "
+"     s.name  || '(' || group_concat(f.[from],  ', ') || ')'"
+", "
+"     f.[table] || '(' || group_concat(COALESCE(f.[to], p.[name])) || ')'"
+", "
+"     'CREATE INDEX ' || quote(s.name ||'_'|| group_concat(f.[from], '_'))"
+"  || ' ON ' || quote(s.name) || '('"
+"  || group_concat(quote(f.[from]) ||"
+"        fkey_collate_clause("
+"          f.[table], COALESCE(f.[to], p.[name]), s.name, f.[from]), ', ')"
+"  || ');'"
+", "
+"     f.[table] "
+"FROM sqlite_schema AS s, pragma_foreign_key_list(s.name) AS f "
+"LEFT JOIN pragma_table_info AS p ON (pk-1=seq AND p.arg=f.[table]) "
+"GROUP BY s.name, f.id "
+"ORDER BY (CASE WHEN ? THEN f.[table] ELSE s.name END)"
+;
+const char *zGlobIPK = "SEARCH * USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)";
+for(i=2; i<nArg; i++){
+int n = strlen30(azArg[i]);
+if( n>1 && sqlite3_strnicmp("-verbose", azArg[i], n)==0 ){
+bVerbose = 1;
+}
+else if( n>1 && sqlite3_strnicmp("-groupbyparent", azArg[i], n)==0 ){
+bGroupByParent = 1;
+zIndent = "    ";
+}
+else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Usage: %s %s ?-verbose? ?-groupbyparent?\n", azArg[0], azArg[1]);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+/* Register the fkey_collate_clause() SQL function */
+rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "fkey_collate_clause", 4, SQLITE_UTF8,
+0, shellFkeyCollateClause, 0, 0
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pSql, 0);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_bind_int(pSql, 1, bGroupByParent);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int rc2;
+char *zPrev = 0;
+while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
+int res = -1;
+sqlite3_stmt *pExplain = 0;
+const char *zEQP = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0);
+const char *zGlob = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 1);
+const char *zFrom = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 2);
+const char *zTarget = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 3);
+const char *zCI = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 4);
+const char *zParent = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 5);
+if( zEQP==0 ) continue;
+if( zGlob==0 ) continue;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zEQP, -1, &pExplain, 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pExplain) ){
+const char *zPlan = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pExplain, 3);
+res = zPlan!=0 && (  0==sqlite3_strglob(zGlob, zPlan)
+|| 0==sqlite3_strglob(zGlobIPK, zPlan));
+}
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pExplain);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+if( res<0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Error: internal error", stderr);
+break;
+}else{
+if( bGroupByParent
+&& (bVerbose || res==0)
+&& (zPrev==0 || sqlite3_stricmp(zParent, zPrev))
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "-- Parent table %s\n", zParent);
+sqlite3_free(zPrev);
+zPrev = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zParent);
+}
+if( res==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out, "%s%s --> %s\n", zIndent, zCI, zTarget);
+}else if( bVerbose ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(out,
+"%s/* no extra indexes required for %s -> %s */\n",
+zIndent, zFrom, zTarget
+);
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zPrev);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pSql);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && rc2!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = rc2;
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of ".lint" dot command.
+*/
+static int lintDotCommand(
+ShellState *pState,             /* Current shell tool state */
+char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
+int nArg                        /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
+){
+int n;
+n = (nArg>=2 ? strlen30(azArg[1]) : 0);
+if( n<1 || sqlite3_strnicmp(azArg[1], "fkey-indexes", n) ) goto usage;
+return lintFkeyIndexes(pState, azArg, nArg);
+usage:
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Usage %s sub-command ?switches...?\n", azArg[0]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "Where sub-commands are:\n");
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "    fkey-indexes\n");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+static void shellPrepare(
+sqlite3 *db,
+int *pRc,
+const char *zSql,
+sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt
+){
+*ppStmt = 0;
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, ppStmt, 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"sql error: %s (%d)\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db), sqlite3_errcode(db));
+*pRc = rc;
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Create a prepared statement using printf-style arguments for the SQL.
+*/
+static void shellPreparePrintf(
+sqlite3 *db,
+int *pRc,
+sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,
+const char *zFmt,
+...
+){
+*ppStmt = 0;
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+va_list ap;
+char *z;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+if( z==0 ){
+*pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+shellPrepare(db, pRc, z, ppStmt);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+}
+}
+/*
+** Finalize the prepared statement created using shellPreparePrintf().
+*/
+static void shellFinalize(
+int *pRc,
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt
+){
+if( pStmt ){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
+int rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+*pRc = rc;
+}
+}
+}
+#if !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/* Reset the prepared statement created using shellPreparePrintf().
+**
+** This routine is could be marked "static".  But it is not always used,
+** depending on compile-time options.  By omitting the "static", we avoid
+** nuisance compiler warnings about "defined but not used".
+*/
+void shellReset(
+int *pRc,
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt
+){
+int rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"SQL error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+}
+*pRc = rc;
+}
+}
+#endif /* !defined SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
+/******************************************************************************
+** The ".archive" or ".ar" command.
+*/
+/*
+** Structure representing a single ".ar" command.
+*/
+typedef struct ArCommand ArCommand;
+struct ArCommand {
+u8 eCmd;                        /* An AR_CMD_* value */
+u8 bVerbose;                    /* True if --verbose */
+u8 bZip;                        /* True if the archive is a ZIP */
+u8 bDryRun;                     /* True if --dry-run */
+u8 bAppend;                     /* True if --append */
+u8 bGlob;                       /* True if --glob */
+u8 fromCmdLine;                 /* Run from -A instead of .archive */
+int nArg;                       /* Number of command arguments */
+char *zSrcTable;                /* "sqlar", "zipfile($file)" or "zip" */
+const char *zFile;              /* --file argument, or NULL */
+const char *zDir;               /* --directory argument, or NULL */
+char **azArg;                   /* Array of command arguments */
+ShellState *p;                  /* Shell state */
+FILE *out;                      /* Output to this stream */
+sqlite3 *db;                    /* Database containing the archive */
+};
+/*
+** Print a usage message for the .ar command to stderr and return SQLITE_ERROR.
+*/
+static int arUsage(FILE *f){
+showHelp(f,"archive");
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+/*
+** Print an error message for the .ar command to stderr and return
+** SQLITE_ERROR.
+*/
+static int arErrorMsg(ArCommand *pAr, const char *zFmt, ...){
+va_list ap;
+char *z;
+va_start(ap, zFmt);
+z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+va_end(ap);
+shellEmitError(z);
+if( pAr->fromCmdLine ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Use \"-A\" for more help\n", stderr);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("Use \".archive --help\" for more help\n", stderr);
+}
+sqlite3_free(z);
+return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+/*
+** Values for ArCommand.eCmd.
+*/
+#define AR_CMD_CREATE       1
+#define AR_CMD_UPDATE       2
+#define AR_CMD_INSERT       3
+#define AR_CMD_EXTRACT      4
+#define AR_CMD_LIST         5
+#define AR_CMD_HELP         6
+#define AR_CMD_REMOVE       7
+/*
+** Other (non-command) switches.
+*/
+#define AR_SWITCH_VERBOSE     8
+#define AR_SWITCH_FILE        9
+#define AR_SWITCH_DIRECTORY  10
+#define AR_SWITCH_APPEND     11
+#define AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN     12
+#define AR_SWITCH_GLOB       13
+static int arProcessSwitch(ArCommand *pAr, int eSwitch, const char *zArg){
+switch( eSwitch ){
+case AR_CMD_CREATE:
+case AR_CMD_EXTRACT:
+case AR_CMD_LIST:
+case AR_CMD_REMOVE:
+case AR_CMD_UPDATE:
+case AR_CMD_INSERT:
+case AR_CMD_HELP:
+if( pAr->eCmd ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "multiple command options");
+}
+pAr->eCmd = eSwitch;
+break;
+case AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN:
+pAr->bDryRun = 1;
+break;
+case AR_SWITCH_GLOB:
+pAr->bGlob = 1;
+break;
+case AR_SWITCH_VERBOSE:
+pAr->bVerbose = 1;
+break;
+case AR_SWITCH_APPEND:
+pAr->bAppend = 1;
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case AR_SWITCH_FILE:
+pAr->zFile = zArg;
+break;
+case AR_SWITCH_DIRECTORY:
+pAr->zDir = zArg;
+break;
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** Parse the command line for an ".ar" command. The results are written into
+** structure (*pAr). SQLITE_OK is returned if the command line is parsed
+** successfully, otherwise an error message is written to stderr and
+** SQLITE_ERROR returned.
+*/
+static int arParseCommand(
+char **azArg,                   /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
+int nArg,                       /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
+ArCommand *pAr                  /* Populate this object */
+){
+struct ArSwitch {
+const char *zLong;
+char cShort;
+u8 eSwitch;
+u8 bArg;
+} aSwitch[] = {
+{ "create",    'c', AR_CMD_CREATE,       0 },
+{ "extract",   'x', AR_CMD_EXTRACT,      0 },
+{ "insert",    'i', AR_CMD_INSERT,       0 },
+{ "list",      't', AR_CMD_LIST,         0 },
+{ "remove",    'r', AR_CMD_REMOVE,       0 },
+{ "update",    'u', AR_CMD_UPDATE,       0 },
+{ "help",      'h', AR_CMD_HELP,         0 },
+{ "verbose",   'v', AR_SWITCH_VERBOSE,   0 },
+{ "file",      'f', AR_SWITCH_FILE,      1 },
+{ "append",    'a', AR_SWITCH_APPEND,    1 },
+{ "directory", 'C', AR_SWITCH_DIRECTORY, 1 },
+{ "dryrun",    'n', AR_SWITCH_DRYRUN,    0 },
+{ "glob",      'g', AR_SWITCH_GLOB,      0 },
+};
+int nSwitch = sizeof(aSwitch) / sizeof(struct ArSwitch);
+struct ArSwitch *pEnd = &aSwitch[nSwitch];
+if( nArg<=1 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "Wrong number of arguments.  Usage:\n");
+return arUsage(stderr);
+}else{
+char *z = azArg[1];
+if( z[0]!='-' ){
+/* Traditional style [tar] invocation */
+int i;
+int iArg = 2;
+for(i=0; z[i]; i++){
+const char *zArg = 0;
+struct ArSwitch *pOpt;
+for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
+if( z[i]==pOpt->cShort ) break;
+}
+if( pOpt==pEnd ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %c", z[i]);
+}
+if( pOpt->bArg ){
+if( iArg>=nArg ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",z[i]);
+}
+zArg = azArg[iArg++];
+}
+if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+pAr->nArg = nArg-iArg;
+if( pAr->nArg>0 ){
+pAr->azArg = &azArg[iArg];
+}
+}else{
+/* Non-traditional invocation */
+int iArg;
+for(iArg=1; iArg<nArg; iArg++){
+int n;
+z = azArg[iArg];
+if( z[0]!='-' ){
+/* All remaining command line words are command arguments. */
+pAr->azArg = &azArg[iArg];
+pAr->nArg = nArg-iArg;
+break;
+}
+n = strlen30(z);
+if( z[1]!='-' ){
+int i;
+/* One or more short options */
+for(i=1; i<n; i++){
+const char *zArg = 0;
+struct ArSwitch *pOpt;
+for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
+if( z[i]==pOpt->cShort ) break;
+}
+if( pOpt==pEnd ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %c", z[i]);
+}
+if( pOpt->bArg ){
+if( i<(n-1) ){
+zArg = &z[i+1];
+i = n;
+}else{
+if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %c",
+z[i]);
+}
+zArg = azArg[++iArg];
+}
+}
+if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pOpt->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}else if( z[2]=='\0' ){
+/* A -- option, indicating that all remaining command line words
+** are command arguments.  */
+pAr->azArg = &azArg[iArg+1];
+pAr->nArg = nArg-iArg-1;
+break;
+}else{
+/* A long option */
+const char *zArg = 0;             /* Argument for option, if any */
+struct ArSwitch *pMatch = 0;      /* Matching option */
+struct ArSwitch *pOpt;            /* Iterator */
+for(pOpt=&aSwitch[0]; pOpt<pEnd; pOpt++){
+const char *zLong = pOpt->zLong;
+if( (n-2)<=strlen30(zLong) && 0==memcmp(&z[2], zLong, n-2) ){
+if( pMatch ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "ambiguous option: %s",z);
+}else{
+pMatch = pOpt;
+}
+}
+}
+if( pMatch==0 ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "unrecognized option: %s", z);
+}
+if( pMatch->bArg ){
+if( iArg>=(nArg-1) ){
+return arErrorMsg(pAr, "option requires an argument: %s", z);
+}
+zArg = azArg[++iArg];
+}
+if( arProcessSwitch(pAr, pMatch->eSwitch, zArg) ) return SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+if( pAr->eCmd==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "Required argument missing.  Usage:\n");
+return arUsage(stderr);
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** This function assumes that all arguments within the ArCommand.azArg[]
+** array refer to archive members, as for the --extract, --list or --remove
+** commands. It checks that each of them are "present". If any specified
+** file is not present in the archive, an error is printed to stderr and an
+** error code returned. Otherwise, if all specified arguments are present
+** in the archive, SQLITE_OK is returned. Here, "present" means either an
+** exact equality when pAr->bGlob is false or a "name GLOB pattern" match
+** when pAr->bGlob is true.
+**
+** This function strips any trailing '/' characters from each argument.
+** This is consistent with the way the [tar] command seems to work on
+** Linux.
+*/
+static int arCheckEntries(ArCommand *pAr){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( pAr->nArg ){
+int i, j;
+sqlite3_stmt *pTest = 0;
+const char *zSel = (pAr->bGlob)
+? "SELECT name FROM %s WHERE glob($name,name)"
+: "SELECT name FROM %s WHERE name=$name";
+shellPreparePrintf(pAr->db, &rc, &pTest, zSel, pAr->zSrcTable);
+j = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pTest, "$name");
+for(i=0; i<pAr->nArg && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
+char *z = pAr->azArg[i];
+int n = strlen30(z);
+int bOk = 0;
+while( n>0 && z[n-1]=='/' ) n--;
+z[n] = '\0';
+sqlite3_bind_text(pTest, j, z, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pTest) ){
+bOk = 1;
+}
+shellReset(&rc, pTest);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bOk==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"not found in archive: %s\n", z);
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+}
+}
+shellFinalize(&rc, pTest);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Format a WHERE clause that can be used against the "sqlar" table to
+** identify all archive members that match the command arguments held
+** in (*pAr). Leave this WHERE clause in (*pzWhere) before returning.
+** The caller is responsible for eventually calling sqlite3_free() on
+** any non-NULL (*pzWhere) value. Here, "match" means strict equality
+** when pAr->bGlob is false and GLOB match when pAr->bGlob is true.
+*/
+static void arWhereClause(
+int *pRc,
+ArCommand *pAr,
+char **pzWhere                  /* OUT: New WHERE clause */
+){
+char *zWhere = 0;
+if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( pAr->nArg==0 ){
+zWhere = sqlite3_mprintf("1");
+}else{
+char *z1 = sqlite3_mprintf(pAr->bGlob ? "" : "name IN(");
+char *z2 = sqlite3_mprintf("");
+const char *zSep1 = "";
+const char *zSep2 = "";
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<pAr->nArg && z1 && z2; i++){
+const char *z = pAr->azArg[i];
+int n = strlen30(z);
+if( pAr->bGlob ){
+z1 = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%sname GLOB '%q'", z1, zSep2, z);
+z2 = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"%z%ssubstr(name,1,%d) GLOB '%q/'", z2, zSep2, n+1,z
+);
+}else{
+z1 = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%s'%q'", z1, zSep1, z);
+z2 = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%ssubstr(name,1,%d) = '%q/'",z2,zSep2,n+1,z);
+}
+zSep1 = ", ";
+zSep2 = " OR ";
+}
+if( z1==0 || z2==0 ){
+*pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}else{
+zWhere = sqlite3_mprintf("(%s%s OR (name GLOB '*/*' AND (%s))) ",
+z1, pAr->bGlob==0 ? ")" : "", z2
+);
+}
+sqlite3_free(z1);
+sqlite3_free(z2);
+}
+}
+*pzWhere = zWhere;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of .ar "lisT" command.
+*/
+static int arListCommand(ArCommand *pAr){
+const char *zSql = "SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s";
+const char *azCols[] = {
+"name",
+"lsmode(mode), sz, datetime(mtime, 'unixepoch'), name"
+};
+char *zWhere = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;
+int rc;
+rc = arCheckEntries(pAr);
+arWhereClause(&rc, pAr, &zWhere);
+shellPreparePrintf(pAr->db, &rc, &pSql, zSql, azCols[pAr->bVerbose],
+pAr->zSrcTable, zWhere);
+if( pAr->bDryRun ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
+}else{
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
+if( pAr->bVerbose ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s % 10d  %s  %s\n",
+sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0), sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 1),
+sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 2),sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 3));
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
+}
+}
+}
+shellFinalize(&rc, pSql);
+sqlite3_free(zWhere);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of .ar "Remove" command.
+*/
+static int arRemoveCommand(ArCommand *pAr){
+int rc = 0;
+char *zSql = 0;
+char *zWhere = 0;
+if( pAr->nArg ){
+/* Verify that args actually exist within the archive before proceeding.
+** And formulate a WHERE clause to match them.  */
+rc = arCheckEntries(pAr);
+arWhereClause(&rc, pAr, &zWhere);
+}
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s;",
+pAr->zSrcTable, zWhere);
+if( pAr->bDryRun ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", zSql);
+}else{
+char *zErr = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "SAVEPOINT ar;", 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "ROLLBACK TO ar; RELEASE ar;", 0, 0, 0);
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "RELEASE ar;", 0, 0, 0);
+}
+}
+if( zErr ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr); /* stdout? */
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zWhere);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of .ar "eXtract" command.
+*/
+static int arExtractCommand(ArCommand *pAr){
+const char *zSql1 =
+"SELECT "
+" ($dir || name),"
+" writefile(($dir || name), %s, mode, mtime) "
+"FROM %s WHERE (%s) AND (data IS NULL OR $dirOnly = 0)"
+" AND name NOT GLOB '*..[/\\]*'";
+const char *azExtraArg[] = {
+"sqlar_uncompress(data, sz)",
+"data"
+};
+sqlite3_stmt *pSql = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+char *zDir = 0;
+char *zWhere = 0;
+int i, j;
+/* If arguments are specified, check that they actually exist within
+** the archive before proceeding. And formulate a WHERE clause to
+** match them.  */
+rc = arCheckEntries(pAr);
+arWhereClause(&rc, pAr, &zWhere);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+if( pAr->zDir ){
+zDir = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/", pAr->zDir);
+}else{
+zDir = sqlite3_mprintf("");
+}
+if( zDir==0 ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+shellPreparePrintf(pAr->db, &rc, &pSql, zSql1,
+azExtraArg[pAr->bZip], pAr->zSrcTable, zWhere
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+j = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pSql, "$dir");
+sqlite3_bind_text(pSql, j, zDir, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+/* Run the SELECT statement twice. The first time, writefile() is called
+** for all archive members that should be extracted. The second time,
+** only for the directories. This is because the timestamps for
+** extracted directories must be reset after they are populated (as
+** populating them changes the timestamp).  */
+for(i=0; i<2; i++){
+j = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(pSql, "$dirOnly");
+sqlite3_bind_int(pSql, j, i);
+if( pAr->bDryRun ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_sql(pSql));
+}else{
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql) ){
+if( i==0 && pAr->bVerbose ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 0));
+}
+}
+}
+shellReset(&rc, pSql);
+}
+shellFinalize(&rc, pSql);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zDir);
+sqlite3_free(zWhere);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Run the SQL statement in zSql.  Or if doing a --dryrun, merely print it out.
+*/
+static int arExecSql(ArCommand *pAr, const char *zSql){
+int rc;
+if( pAr->bDryRun ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pAr->out, "%s\n", zSql);
+rc = SQLITE_OK;
+}else{
+char *zErr = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
+if( zErr ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", zErr);
+sqlite3_free(zErr);
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of .ar "create", "insert", and "update" commands.
+**
+**     create    ->     Create a new SQL archive
+**     insert    ->     Insert or reinsert all files listed
+**     update    ->     Insert files that have changed or that were not
+**                      previously in the archive
+**
+** Create the "sqlar" table in the database if it does not already exist.
+** Then add each file in the azFile[] array to the archive. Directories
+** are added recursively. If argument bVerbose is non-zero, a message is
+** printed on stdout for each file archived.
+**
+** The create command is the same as update, except that it drops
+** any existing "sqlar" table before beginning.  The "insert" command
+** always overwrites every file named on the command-line, where as
+** "update" only overwrites if the size or mtime or mode has changed.
+*/
+static int arCreateOrUpdateCommand(
+ArCommand *pAr,                 /* Command arguments and options */
+int bUpdate,                    /* true for a --create. */
+int bOnlyIfChanged              /* Only update if file has changed */
+){
+const char *zCreate =
+"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sqlar(\n"
+"  name TEXT PRIMARY KEY,  -- name of the file\n"
+"  mode INT,               -- access permissions\n"
+"  mtime INT,              -- last modification time\n"
+"  sz INT,                 -- original file size\n"
+"  data BLOB               -- compressed content\n"
+")";
+const char *zDrop = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS sqlar";
+const char *zInsertFmt[2] = {
+"REPLACE INTO %s(name,mode,mtime,sz,data)\n"
+"  SELECT\n"
+"    %s,\n"
+"    mode,\n"
+"    mtime,\n"
+"    CASE substr(lsmode(mode),1,1)\n"
+"      WHEN '-' THEN length(data)\n"
+"      WHEN 'd' THEN 0\n"
+"      ELSE -1 END,\n"
+"    sqlar_compress(data)\n"
+"  FROM fsdir(%Q,%Q) AS disk\n"
+"  WHERE lsmode(mode) NOT LIKE '?%%'%s;"
+,
+"REPLACE INTO %s(name,mode,mtime,data)\n"
+"  SELECT\n"
+"    %s,\n"
+"    mode,\n"
+"    mtime,\n"
+"    data\n"
+"  FROM fsdir(%Q,%Q) AS disk\n"
+"  WHERE lsmode(mode) NOT LIKE '?%%'%s;"
+};
+int i;                          /* For iterating through azFile[] */
+int rc;                         /* Return code */
+const char *zTab = 0;           /* SQL table into which to insert */
+char *zSql;
+char zTemp[50];
+char *zExists = 0;
+arExecSql(pAr, "PRAGMA page_size=512");
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, "SAVEPOINT ar;");
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+zTemp[0] = 0;
+if( pAr->bZip ){
+/* Initialize the zipfile virtual table, if necessary */
+if( pAr->zFile ){
+sqlite3_uint64 r;
+sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(r),&r);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zTemp),zTemp,"zip%016llx",r);
+zTab = zTemp;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE temp.%s USING zipfile(%Q)",
+zTab, pAr->zFile
+);
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}else{
+zTab = "zip";
+}
+}else{
+/* Initialize the table for an SQLAR */
+zTab = "sqlar";
+if( bUpdate==0 ){
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, zDrop);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto end_ar_transaction;
+}
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, zCreate);
+}
+if( bOnlyIfChanged ){
+zExists = sqlite3_mprintf(
+" AND NOT EXISTS("
+"SELECT 1 FROM %s AS mem"
+" WHERE mem.name=disk.name"
+" AND mem.mtime=disk.mtime"
+" AND mem.mode=disk.mode)", zTab);
+}else{
+zExists = sqlite3_mprintf("");
+}
+if( zExists==0 ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+for(i=0; i<pAr->nArg && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
+char *zSql2 = sqlite3_mprintf(zInsertFmt[pAr->bZip], zTab,
+pAr->bVerbose ? "shell_putsnl(name)" : "name",
+pAr->azArg[i], pAr->zDir, zExists);
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, zSql2);
+sqlite3_free(zSql2);
+}
+end_ar_transaction:
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_exec(pAr->db, "ROLLBACK TO ar; RELEASE ar;", 0, 0, 0);
+}else{
+rc = arExecSql(pAr, "RELEASE ar;");
+if( pAr->bZip && pAr->zFile ){
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("DROP TABLE %s", zTemp);
+arExecSql(pAr, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zExists);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Implementation of ".ar" dot command.
+*/
+static int arDotCommand(
+ShellState *pState,          /* Current shell tool state */
+int fromCmdLine,             /* True if -A command-line option, not .ar cmd */
+char **azArg,                /* Array of arguments passed to dot command */
+int nArg                     /* Number of entries in azArg[] */
+){
+ArCommand cmd;
+int rc;
+memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
+cmd.fromCmdLine = fromCmdLine;
+rc = arParseCommand(azArg, nArg, &cmd);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int eDbType = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
+cmd.p = pState;
+cmd.out = pState->out;
+cmd.db = pState->db;
+if( cmd.zFile ){
+eDbType = deduceDatabaseType(cmd.zFile, 1, 0);
+}else{
+eDbType = pState->openMode;
+}
+if( eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE ){
+if( cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_EXTRACT || cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_LIST ){
+if( cmd.zFile==0 ){
+cmd.zSrcTable = sqlite3_mprintf("zip");
+}else{
+cmd.zSrcTable = sqlite3_mprintf("zipfile(%Q)", cmd.zFile);
+}
+}
+cmd.bZip = 1;
+}else if( cmd.zFile ){
+int flags;
+if( cmd.bAppend ) eDbType = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
+if( cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_CREATE || cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_INSERT
+|| cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_REMOVE || cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_UPDATE ){
+flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+}else{
+flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
+}
+cmd.db = 0;
+if( cmd.bDryRun ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(cmd.out, "-- open database '%s'%s\n", cmd.zFile,
+eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS ? " using 'apndvfs'" : "");
+}
+rc = sqlite3_open_v2(cmd.zFile, &cmd.db, flags,
+eDbType==SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS ? "apndvfs" : 0);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "cannot open file: %s (%s)\n",
+cmd.zFile, sqlite3_errmsg(cmd.db));
+goto end_ar_command;
+}
+sqlite3_fileio_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_sqlar_init(cmd.db, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_create_function(cmd.db, "shell_putsnl", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, cmd.p,
+shellPutsFunc, 0, 0);
+}
+if( cmd.zSrcTable==0 && cmd.bZip==0 && cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_HELP ){
+if( cmd.eCmd!=AR_CMD_CREATE
+&& sqlite3_table_column_metadata(cmd.db,0,"sqlar","name",0,0,0,0,0)
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "database does not contain an 'sqlar' table\n");
+rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+goto end_ar_command;
+}
+cmd.zSrcTable = sqlite3_mprintf("sqlar");
+}
+switch( cmd.eCmd ){
+case AR_CMD_CREATE:
+rc = arCreateOrUpdateCommand(&cmd, 0, 0);
+break;
+case AR_CMD_EXTRACT:
+rc = arExtractCommand(&cmd);
+break;
+case AR_CMD_LIST:
+rc = arListCommand(&cmd);
+break;
+case AR_CMD_HELP:
+arUsage(pState->out);
+break;
+case AR_CMD_INSERT:
+rc = arCreateOrUpdateCommand(&cmd, 1, 0);
+break;
+case AR_CMD_REMOVE:
+rc = arRemoveCommand(&cmd);
+break;
+default:
+assert( cmd.eCmd==AR_CMD_UPDATE );
+rc = arCreateOrUpdateCommand(&cmd, 1, 1);
+break;
+}
+}
+end_ar_command:
+if( cmd.db!=pState->db ){
+close_db(cmd.db);
+}
+sqlite3_free(cmd.zSrcTable);
+return rc;
+}
+/* End of the ".archive" or ".ar" command logic
+*******************************************************************************/
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) */
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+/*
+** This function is used as a callback by the recover extension. Simply
+** print the supplied SQL statement to stdout.
+*/
+static int recoverSqlCb(void *pCtx, const char *zSql){
+ShellState *pState = (ShellState*)pCtx;
+sqlite3_fprintf(pState->out, "%s;\n", zSql);
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+/*
+** This function is called to recover data from the database. A script
+** to construct a new database containing all recovered data is output
+** on stream pState->out.
+*/
+static int recoverDatabaseCmd(ShellState *pState, int nArg, char **azArg){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+const char *zRecoveryDb = "";   /* Name of "recovery" database.  Debug only */
+const char *zLAF = "lost_and_found";
+int bFreelist = 1;              /* 0 if --ignore-freelist is specified */
+int bRowids = 1;                /* 0 if --no-rowids */
+sqlite3_recover *p = 0;
+int i = 0;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azArg[i];
+int n;
+if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+n = strlen30(z);
+if( n<=17 && memcmp("-ignore-freelist", z, n)==0 ){
+bFreelist = 0;
+}else
+if( n<=12 && memcmp("-recovery-db", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
+/* This option determines the name of the ATTACH-ed database used
+** internally by the recovery extension.  The default is "" which
+** means to use a temporary database that is automatically deleted
+** when closed.  This option is undocumented and might disappear at
+** any moment. */
+i++;
+zRecoveryDb = azArg[i];
+}else
+if( n<=15 && memcmp("-lost-and-found", z, n)==0 && i<(nArg-1) ){
+i++;
+zLAF = azArg[i];
+}else
+if( n<=10 && memcmp("-no-rowids", z, n)==0 ){
+bRowids = 0;
+}
+else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unexpected option: %s\n", azArg[i]);
+showHelp(pState->out, azArg[0]);
+return 1;
+}
+}
+p = sqlite3_recover_init_sql(
+pState->db, "main", recoverSqlCb, (void*)pState
+);
+sqlite3_recover_config(p, 789, (void*)zRecoveryDb);  /* Debug use only */
+sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_LOST_AND_FOUND, (void*)zLAF);
+sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_ROWIDS, (void*)&bRowids);
+sqlite3_recover_config(p, SQLITE_RECOVER_FREELIST_CORRUPT,(void*)&bFreelist);
+sqlite3_fprintf(pState->out, ".dbconfig defensive off\n");
+sqlite3_recover_run(p);
+if( sqlite3_recover_errcode(p)!=SQLITE_OK ){
+const char *zErr = sqlite3_recover_errmsg(p);
+int errCode = sqlite3_recover_errcode(p);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"sql error: %s (%d)\n", zErr, errCode);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_recover_finish(p);
+return rc;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER */
+/*
+** Implementation of ".intck STEPS_PER_UNLOCK" command.
+*/
+static int intckDatabaseCmd(ShellState *pState, i64 nStepPerUnlock){
+sqlite3_intck *p = 0;
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+rc = sqlite3_intck_open(pState->db, "main", &p);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+i64 nStep = 0;
+i64 nError = 0;
+const char *zErr = 0;
+while( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_intck_step(p) ){
+const char *zMsg = sqlite3_intck_message(p);
+if( zMsg ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(pState->out, "%s\n", zMsg);
+nError++;
+}
+nStep++;
+if( nStepPerUnlock && (nStep % nStepPerUnlock)==0 ){
+sqlite3_intck_unlock(p);
+}
+}
+rc = sqlite3_intck_error(p, &zErr);
+if( zErr ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s\n", zErr);
+}
+sqlite3_intck_close(p);
+sqlite3_fprintf(pState->out, "%lld steps, %lld errors\n", nStep, nError);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+* zAutoColumn(zCol, &db, ?) => Maybe init db, add column zCol to it.
+* zAutoColumn(0, &db, ?) => (db!=0) Form columns spec for CREATE TABLE,
+*   close db and set it to 0, and return the columns spec, to later
+*   be sqlite3_free()'ed by the caller.
+* The return is 0 when either:
+*   (a) The db was not initialized and zCol==0 (There are no columns.)
+*   (b) zCol!=0  (Column was added, db initialized as needed.)
+* The 3rd argument, pRenamed, references an out parameter. If the
+* pointer is non-zero, its referent will be set to a summary of renames
+* done if renaming was necessary, or set to 0 if none was done. The out
+* string (if any) must be sqlite3_free()'ed by the caller.
+*/
+#ifdef SHELL_DEBUG
+#define rc_err_oom_die(rc) \
+if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) shell_check_oom(0); \
+else if(!(rc==SQLITE_OK||rc==SQLITE_DONE)) \
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"E:%d\n",rc), assert(0)
+#else
+static void rc_err_oom_die(int rc){
+if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) shell_check_oom(0);
+assert(rc==SQLITE_OK||rc==SQLITE_DONE);
+}
+#endif
+#ifdef SHELL_COLFIX_DB /* If this is set, the DB can be in a file. */
+static char zCOL_DB[] = SHELL_STRINGIFY(SHELL_COLFIX_DB);
+#else  /* Otherwise, memory is faster/better for the transient DB. */
+static const char *zCOL_DB = ":memory:";
+#endif
+/* Define character (as C string) to separate generated column ordinal
+* from protected part of incoming column names. This defaults to "_"
+* so that incoming column identifiers that did not need not be quoted
+* remain usable without being quoted. It must be one character.
+*/
+#ifndef SHELL_AUTOCOLUMN_SEP
+# define AUTOCOLUMN_SEP "_"
+#else
+# define AUTOCOLUMN_SEP SHELL_STRINGIFY(SHELL_AUTOCOLUMN_SEP)
+#endif
+static char *zAutoColumn(const char *zColNew, sqlite3 **pDb, char **pzRenamed){
+/* Queries and D{D,M}L used here */
+static const char * const zTabMake = "\
+CREATE TABLE ColNames(\
+cpos INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,\
+name TEXT, nlen INT, chop INT, reps INT, suff TEXT);\
+CREATE VIEW RepeatedNames AS \
+SELECT DISTINCT t.name FROM ColNames t \
+WHERE t.name COLLATE NOCASE IN (\
+SELECT o.name FROM ColNames o WHERE o.cpos<>t.cpos\
+);\
+";
+static const char * const zTabFill = "\
+INSERT INTO ColNames(name,nlen,chop,reps,suff)\
+VALUES(iif(length(?1)>0,?1,'?'),max(length(?1),1),0,0,'')\
+";
+static const char * const zHasDupes = "\
+SELECT count(DISTINCT (substring(name,1,nlen-chop)||suff) COLLATE NOCASE)\
+<count(name) FROM ColNames\
+";
+#ifdef SHELL_COLUMN_RENAME_CLEAN
+static const char * const zDedoctor = "\
+UPDATE ColNames SET chop=iif(\
+(substring(name,nlen,1) BETWEEN '0' AND '9')\
+AND (rtrim(name,'0123456790') glob '*"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"'),\
+nlen-length(rtrim(name, '"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"0123456789')),\
+0\
+)\
+";
+#endif
+static const char * const zSetReps = "\
+UPDATE ColNames AS t SET reps=\
+(SELECT count(*) FROM ColNames d \
+WHERE substring(t.name,1,t.nlen-t.chop)=substring(d.name,1,d.nlen-d.chop)\
+COLLATE NOCASE\
+)\
+";
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
+static const char * const zColDigits = "\
+SELECT CAST(ceil(log(count(*)+0.5)) AS INT) FROM ColNames \
+";
+#else
+/* Counting on SQLITE_MAX_COLUMN < 100,000 here. (32767 is the hard limit.) */
+static const char * const zColDigits = "\
+SELECT CASE WHEN (nc < 10) THEN 1 WHEN (nc < 100) THEN 2 \
+WHEN (nc < 1000) THEN 3 WHEN (nc < 10000) THEN 4 \
+ELSE 5 FROM (SELECT count(*) AS nc FROM ColNames) \
+";
+#endif
+static const char * const zRenameRank =
+#ifdef SHELL_COLUMN_RENAME_CLEAN
+"UPDATE ColNames AS t SET suff="
+"iif(reps>1, printf('%c%0*d', '"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"', $1, cpos), '')"
+#else /* ...RENAME_MINIMAL_ONE_PASS */
+"WITH Lzn(nlz) AS (" /* Find minimum extraneous leading 0's for uniqueness */
+"  SELECT 0 AS nlz"
+"  UNION"
+"  SELECT nlz+1 AS nlz FROM Lzn"
+"  WHERE EXISTS("
+"   SELECT 1"
+"   FROM ColNames t, ColNames o"
+"   WHERE"
+"    iif(t.name IN (SELECT * FROM RepeatedNames),"
+"     printf('%s"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"%s',"
+"      t.name, substring(printf('%.*c%0.*d',nlz+1,'0',$1,t.cpos),2)),"
+"     t.name"
+"    )"
+"    ="
+"    iif(o.name IN (SELECT * FROM RepeatedNames),"
+"     printf('%s"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"%s',"
+"      o.name, substring(printf('%.*c%0.*d',nlz+1,'0',$1,o.cpos),2)),"
+"     o.name"
+"    )"
+"    COLLATE NOCASE"
+"    AND o.cpos<>t.cpos"
+"   GROUP BY t.cpos"
+"  )"
+") UPDATE Colnames AS t SET"
+" chop = 0," /* No chopping, never touch incoming names. */
+" suff = iif(name IN (SELECT * FROM RepeatedNames),"
+"  printf('"AUTOCOLUMN_SEP"%s', substring("
+"   printf('%.*c%0.*d',(SELECT max(nlz) FROM Lzn)+1,'0',1,t.cpos),2)),"
+"  ''"
+" )"
+#endif
+;
+static const char * const zCollectVar = "\
+SELECT\
+'('||x'0a'\
+|| group_concat(\
+cname||' TEXT',\
+','||iif((cpos-1)%4>0, ' ', x'0a'||' '))\
+||')' AS ColsSpec \
+FROM (\
+SELECT cpos, printf('\"%w\"',printf('%!.*s%s', nlen-chop,name,suff)) AS cname \
+FROM ColNames ORDER BY cpos\
+)";
+static const char * const zRenamesDone =
+"SELECT group_concat("
+" printf('\"%w\" to \"%w\"',name,printf('%!.*s%s', nlen-chop, name, suff)),"
+" ','||x'0a')"
+"FROM ColNames WHERE suff<>'' OR chop!=0"
+;
+int rc;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+assert(pDb!=0);
+if( zColNew ){
+/* Add initial or additional column. Init db if necessary. */
+if( *pDb==0 ){
+if( SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3_open(zCOL_DB, pDb) ) return 0;
+#ifdef SHELL_COLFIX_DB
+if(*zCOL_DB!=':')
+sqlite3_exec(*pDb,"drop table if exists ColNames;"
+"drop view if exists RepeatedNames;",0,0,0);
+#endif
+#undef SHELL_COLFIX_DB
+rc = sqlite3_exec(*pDb, zTabMake, 0, 0, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+}
+assert(*pDb!=0);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(*pDb, zTabFill, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+rc = sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, zColNew, -1, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+return 0;
+}else if( *pDb==0 ){
+return 0;
+}else{
+/* Formulate the columns spec, close the DB, zero *pDb. */
+char *zColsSpec = 0;
+int hasDupes = db_int(*pDb, "%s", zHasDupes);
+int nDigits = (hasDupes)? db_int(*pDb, "%s", zColDigits) : 0;
+if( hasDupes ){
+#ifdef SHELL_COLUMN_RENAME_CLEAN
+rc = sqlite3_exec(*pDb, zDedoctor, 0, 0, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+#endif
+rc = sqlite3_exec(*pDb, zSetReps, 0, 0, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(*pDb, zRenameRank, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+sqlite3_bind_int(pStmt, 1, nDigits);
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_DONE ) rc_err_oom_die(SQLITE_NOMEM);
+}
+assert(db_int(*pDb, "%s", zHasDupes)==0); /* Consider: remove this */
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(*pDb, zCollectVar, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+rc_err_oom_die(rc);
+rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
+zColsSpec = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+}else{
+zColsSpec = 0;
+}
+if( pzRenamed!=0 ){
+if( !hasDupes ) *pzRenamed = 0;
+else{
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_prepare_v2(*pDb, zRenamesDone, -1, &pStmt, 0)
+&& SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+*pzRenamed = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+}else
+*pzRenamed = 0;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+sqlite3_close(*pDb);
+*pDb = 0;
+return zColsSpec;
+}
+}
+/*
+** Check if the sqlite_schema table contains one or more virtual tables. If
+** parameter zLike is not NULL, then it is an SQL expression that the
+** sqlite_schema row must also match. If one or more such rows are found,
+** print the following warning to the output:
+**
+** WARNING: Script requires that SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE be disabled
+*/
+static int outputDumpWarning(ShellState *p, const char *zLike){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+shellPreparePrintf(p->db, &rc, &pStmt,
+"SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema o WHERE "
+"sql LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE%%' AND %s", zLike ? zLike : "true"
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+sqlite3_fputs("/* WARNING: "
+"Script requires that SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE be disabled */\n",
+p->out
+);
+}
+shellFinalize(&rc, pStmt);
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Fault-Simulator state and logic.
+*/
+static struct {
+int iId;           /* ID that triggers a simulated fault.  -1 means "any" */
+int iErr;          /* The error code to return on a fault */
+int iCnt;          /* Trigger the fault only if iCnt is already zero */
+int iInterval;     /* Reset iCnt to this value after each fault */
+int eVerbose;      /* When to print output */
+int nHit;          /* Number of hits seen so far */
+int nRepeat;       /* Turn off after this many hits.  0 for never */
+int nSkip;         /* Skip this many before first fault */
+} faultsim_state = {-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+/*
+** This is the fault-sim callback
+*/
+static int faultsim_callback(int iArg){
+if( faultsim_state.iId>0 && faultsim_state.iId!=iArg ){
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+if( faultsim_state.iCnt ){
+if( faultsim_state.iCnt>0 ) faultsim_state.iCnt--;
+if( faultsim_state.eVerbose>=2 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout,
+"FAULT-SIM id=%d no-fault (cnt=%d)\n", iArg, faultsim_state.iCnt);
+}
+return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+if( faultsim_state.eVerbose>=1 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout,
+"FAULT-SIM id=%d returns %d\n", iArg, faultsim_state.iErr);
+}
+faultsim_state.iCnt = faultsim_state.iInterval;
+faultsim_state.nHit++;
+if( faultsim_state.nRepeat>0 && faultsim_state.nRepeat<=faultsim_state.nHit ){
+faultsim_state.iCnt = -1;
+}
+return faultsim_state.iErr;
+}
+/*
+** If an input line begins with "." then invoke this routine to
+** process that line.
+**
+** Return 1 on error, 2 to exit, and 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
+int h = 1;
+int nArg = 0;
+int n, c;
+int rc = 0;
+char *azArg[52];
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+if( p->expert.pExpert ){
+expertFinish(p, 1, 0);
+}
+#endif
+/* Parse the input line into tokens.
+*/
+while( zLine[h] && nArg<ArraySize(azArg)-1 ){
+while( IsSpace(zLine[h]) ){ h++; }
+if( zLine[h]==0 ) break;
+if( zLine[h]=='\'' || zLine[h]=='"' ){
+int delim = zLine[h++];
+azArg[nArg++] = &zLine[h];
+while( zLine[h] && zLine[h]!=delim ){
+if( zLine[h]=='\\' && delim=='"' && zLine[h+1]!=0 ) h++;
+h++;
+}
+if( zLine[h]==delim ){
+zLine[h++] = 0;
+}
+if( delim=='"' ) resolve_backslashes(azArg[nArg-1]);
+}else{
+azArg[nArg++] = &zLine[h];
+while( zLine[h] && !IsSpace(zLine[h]) ){ h++; }
+if( zLine[h] ) zLine[h++] = 0;
+}
+}
+azArg[nArg] = 0;
+/* Process the input line.
+*/
+if( nArg==0 ) return 0; /* no tokens, no error */
+n = strlen30(azArg[0]);
+c = azArg[0][0];
+clearTempFile(p);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+if( c=='a' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "auth", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg!=2 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "Usage: .auth ON|OFF\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
+sqlite3_set_authorizer(p->db, shellAuth, p);
+}else if( p->bSafeModePersist ){
+sqlite3_set_authorizer(p->db, safeModeAuth, p);
+}else{
+sqlite3_set_authorizer(p->db, 0, 0);
+}
+}else
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) \
+&& !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+if( c=='a' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "archive", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p, 0);
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .archive in safe mode");
+rc = arDotCommand(p, 0, azArg, nArg);
+}else
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( (c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "backup", n)==0)
+|| (c=='s' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "save", n)==0)
+){
+const char *zDestFile = 0;
+const char *zDb = 0;
+sqlite3 *pDest;
+sqlite3_backup *pBackup;
+int j;
+int bAsync = 0;
+const char *zVfs = 0;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .%s in safe mode", azArg[0]);
+for(j=1; j<nArg; j++){
+const char *z = azArg[j];
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+if( z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z, "-append")==0 ){
+zVfs = "apndvfs";
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z, "-async")==0 ){
+bAsync = 1;
+}else
+{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unknown option: %s\n", azArg[j]);
+return 1;
+}
+}else if( zDestFile==0 ){
+zDestFile = azArg[j];
+}else if( zDb==0 ){
+zDb = zDestFile;
+zDestFile = azArg[j];
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "Usage: .backup ?DB? ?OPTIONS? FILENAME\n");
+return 1;
+}
+}
+if( zDestFile==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "missing FILENAME argument on .backup\n");
+return 1;
+}
+if( zDb==0 ) zDb = "main";
+rc = sqlite3_open_v2(zDestFile, &pDest,
+SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, zVfs);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zDestFile);
+close_db(pDest);
+return 1;
+}
+if( bAsync ){
+sqlite3_exec(pDest, "PRAGMA synchronous=OFF; PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF;",
+0, 0, 0);
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(pDest, "main", p->db, zDb);
+if( pBackup==0 ){
+shellDatabaseError(pDest);
+close_db(pDest);
+return 1;
+}
+while(  (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK ){}
+sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
+if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
+rc = 0;
+}else{
+shellDatabaseError(pDest);
+rc = 1;
+}
+close_db(pDest);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "bail", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+bail_on_error = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .bail on|off\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+/* Undocumented.  Legacy only.  See "crlf" below */
+if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "binary", n)==0 ){
+eputz("The \".binary\" command is deprecated.\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else
+/* The undocumented ".breakpoint" command causes a call to the no-op
+** routine named test_breakpoint().
+*/
+if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "breakpoint", n)==0 ){
+test_breakpoint();
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='c' && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"cd")==0 ){
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .cd in safe mode");
+if( nArg==2 ){
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+wchar_t *z = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_unicode(azArg[1]);
+rc = !SetCurrentDirectoryW(z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+#else
+rc = chdir(azArg[1]);
+#endif
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Cannot change to directory \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .cd DIRECTORY\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='c' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "changes", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+setOrClearFlag(p, SHFLG_CountChanges, azArg[1]);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .changes on|off\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* Cancel output redirection, if it is currently set (by .testcase)
+** Then read the content of the testcase-out.txt file and compare against
+** azArg[1].  If there are differences, report an error and exit.
+*/
+if( c=='c' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "check", n)==0 ){
+char *zRes = 0;
+output_reset(p);
+if( nArg!=2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .check GLOB-PATTERN\n");
+rc = 2;
+}else if( (zRes = readFile("testcase-out.txt", 0))==0 ){
+rc = 2;
+}else if( testcase_glob(azArg[1],zRes)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"testcase-%s FAILED\n Expected: [%s]\n      Got: [%s]\n",
+p->zTestcase, azArg[1], zRes);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "testcase-%s ok\n", p->zTestcase);
+p->nCheck++;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zRes);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='c' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "clone", n)==0 ){
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .clone in safe mode");
+if( nArg==2 ){
+tryToClone(p, azArg[1]);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .clone FILENAME\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='c' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "connection", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==1 ){
+/* List available connections */
+int i;
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(p->aAuxDb); i++){
+const char *zFile = p->aAuxDb[i].zDbFilename;
+if( p->aAuxDb[i].db==0 && p->pAuxDb!=&p->aAuxDb[i] ){
+zFile = "(not open)";
+}else if( zFile==0 ){
+zFile = "(memory)";
+}else if( zFile[0]==0 ){
+zFile = "(temporary-file)";
+}
+if( p->pAuxDb == &p->aAuxDb[i] ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "ACTIVE %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
+}else if( p->aAuxDb[i].db!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "       %d: %s\n", i, zFile);
+}
+}
+}else if( nArg==2 && IsDigit(azArg[1][0]) && azArg[1][1]==0 ){
+int i = azArg[1][0] - '0';
+if( p->pAuxDb != &p->aAuxDb[i] && i>=0 && i<ArraySize(p->aAuxDb) ){
+p->pAuxDb->db = p->db;
+p->pAuxDb = &p->aAuxDb[i];
+globalDb = p->db = p->pAuxDb->db;
+p->pAuxDb->db = 0;
+}
+}else if( nArg==3 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "close")==0
+&& IsDigit(azArg[2][0]) && azArg[2][1]==0 ){
+int i = azArg[2][0] - '0';
+if( i<0 || i>=ArraySize(p->aAuxDb) ){
+/* No-op */
+}else if( p->pAuxDb == &p->aAuxDb[i] ){
+eputz("cannot close the active database connection\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else if( p->aAuxDb[i].db ){
+session_close_all(p, i);
+close_db(p->aAuxDb[i].db);
+p->aAuxDb[i].db = 0;
+}
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .connection [close] [CONNECTION-NUMBER]\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( c=='c' && n==4
+&& (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "crlf", n)==0
+|| cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "crnl",n)==0)
+){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+#ifdef _WIN32
+p->crlfMode = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+#else
+p->crlfMode = 0;
+#endif
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "crlf is %s\n", p->crlfMode ? "ON" : "OFF");
+}else
+if( c=='d' && n>1 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "databases", n)==0 ){
+char **azName = 0;
+int nName = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+int i;
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ){
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zSchema = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1);
+const char *zFile = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
+if( zSchema==0 || zFile==0 ) continue;
+azName = sqlite3_realloc64(azName, (nName+1)*2*sizeof(char*));
+shell_check_oom(azName);
+azName[nName*2] = strdup(zSchema);
+azName[nName*2+1] = strdup(zFile);
+nName++;
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+for(i=0; i<nName; i++){
+int eTxn = sqlite3_txn_state(p->db, azName[i*2]);
+int bRdonly = sqlite3_db_readonly(p->db, azName[i*2]);
+const char *z = azName[i*2+1];
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s: %s %s%s\n",
+azName[i*2], z && z[0] ? z : "\"\"", bRdonly ? "r/o" : "r/w",
+eTxn==SQLITE_TXN_NONE ? "" :
+eTxn==SQLITE_TXN_READ ? " read-txn" : " write-txn");
+free(azName[i*2]);
+free(azName[i*2+1]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(azName);
+}else
+if( c=='d' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "dbconfig", n)==0 ){
+static const struct DbConfigChoices {
+const char *zName;
+int op;
+} aDbConfig[] = {
+{ "attach_create",      SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE  },
+{ "attach_write",       SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_WRITE   },
+{ "comments",           SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS       },
+{ "defensive",          SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             },
+{ "dqs_ddl",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               },
+{ "dqs_dml",            SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               },
+{ "enable_fkey",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           },
+{ "enable_qpsg",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           },
+{ "enable_trigger",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        },
+{ "enable_view",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           },
+{ "fts3_tokenizer",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER },
+{ "legacy_alter_table", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    },
+{ "legacy_file_format", SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    },
+{ "load_extension",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION },
+{ "no_ckpt_on_close",   SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      },
+{ "reset_database",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        },
+{ "reverse_scanorder",  SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER     },
+{ "stmt_scanstatus",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS       },
+{ "trigger_eqp",        SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           },
+{ "trusted_schema",     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        },
+{ "writable_schema",    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       },
+};
+int ii, v;
+open_db(p, 0);
+for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aDbConfig); ii++){
+if( nArg>1 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1], aDbConfig[ii].zName)!=0 ) continue;
+if( nArg>=3 ){
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, booleanValue(azArg[2]), 0);
+}
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, aDbConfig[ii].op, -1, &v);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%19s %s\n",
+aDbConfig[ii].zName, v ? "on" : "off");
+if( nArg>1 ) break;
+}
+if( nArg>1 && ii==ArraySize(aDbConfig) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unknown dbconfig \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+eputz("Enter \".dbconfig\" with no arguments for a list\n");
+}
+}else
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
+if( c=='d' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "dbinfo", n)==0 ){
+rc = shell_dbinfo_command(p, nArg, azArg);
+}else
+if( c=='r' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "recover", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = recoverDatabaseCmd(p, nArg, azArg);
+}else
+#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER */
+if( c=='d' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "dump", n)==0 ){
+char *zLike = 0;
+char *zSql;
+int i;
+int savedShowHeader = p->showHeader;
+int savedShellFlags = p->shellFlgs;
+ShellClearFlag(p,
+SHFLG_PreserveRowid|SHFLG_Newlines|SHFLG_Echo
+|SHFLG_DumpDataOnly|SHFLG_DumpNoSys);
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+if( azArg[i][0]=='-' ){
+const char *z = azArg[i]+1;
+if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"preserve-rowids")==0 ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+eputz("The --preserve-rowids option is not compatible"
+" with SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE\n");
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zLike);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+#else
+ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_PreserveRowid);
+#endif
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"newlines")==0 ){
+ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines);
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"data-only")==0 ){
+ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_DumpDataOnly);
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"nosys")==0 ){
+ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_DumpNoSys);
+}else
+{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Unknown option \"%s\" on \".dump\"\n", azArg[i]);
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zLike);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else{
+/* azArg[i] contains a LIKE pattern. This ".dump" request should
+** only dump data for tables for which either the table name matches
+** the LIKE pattern, or the table appears to be a shadow table of
+** a virtual table for which the name matches the LIKE pattern.
+*/
+char *zExpr = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"name LIKE %Q ESCAPE '\\' OR EXISTS ("
+"  SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema WHERE "
+"    name LIKE %Q ESCAPE '\\' AND"
+"    sql LIKE 'CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE%%' AND"
+"    substr(o.name, 1, length(name)+1) == (name||'_')"
+")", azArg[i], azArg[i]
+);
+if( zLike ){
+zLike = sqlite3_mprintf("%z OR %z", zLike, zExpr);
+}else{
+zLike = zExpr;
+}
+}
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+outputDumpWarning(p, zLike);
+if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)==0 ){
+/* When playing back a "dump", the content might appear in an order
+** which causes immediate foreign key constraints to be violated.
+** So disable foreign-key constraint enforcement to prevent problems. */
+sqlite3_fputs("PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;\n", p->out);
+sqlite3_fputs("BEGIN TRANSACTION;\n", p->out);
+}
+p->writableSchema = 0;
+p->showHeader = 0;
+/* Set writable_schema=ON since doing so forces SQLite to initialize
+** as much of the schema as it can even if the sqlite_schema table is
+** corrupt. */
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "SAVEPOINT dump; PRAGMA writable_schema=ON", 0, 0, 0);
+p->nErr = 0;
+if( zLike==0 ) zLike = sqlite3_mprintf("true");
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"SELECT name, type, sql FROM sqlite_schema AS o "
+"WHERE (%s) AND type=='table'"
+"  AND sql NOT NULL"
+" ORDER BY tbl_name='sqlite_sequence', rowid",
+zLike
+);
+run_schema_dump_query(p,zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)==0 ){
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"SELECT sql FROM sqlite_schema AS o "
+"WHERE (%s) AND sql NOT NULL"
+"  AND type IN ('index','trigger','view') "
+"ORDER BY type COLLATE NOCASE DESC",
+zLike
+);
+run_table_dump_query(p, zSql);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zLike);
+if( p->writableSchema ){
+sqlite3_fputs("PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;\n", p->out);
+p->writableSchema = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "RELEASE dump;", 0, 0, 0);
+if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_DumpDataOnly)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs(p->nErr?"ROLLBACK; -- due to errors\n":"COMMIT;\n", p->out);
+}
+p->showHeader = savedShowHeader;
+p->shellFlgs = savedShellFlags;
+rc = p->nErr>0;
+}else
+if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "echo", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+setOrClearFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo, azArg[1]);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .echo on|off\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( c=='d' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "dbtotxt", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = shell_dbtotxt_command(p, nArg, azArg);
+}else
+if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "eqp", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+p->autoEQPtest = 0;
+if( p->autoEQPtrace ){
+if( p->db ) sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA vdbe_trace=OFF;", 0, 0, 0);
+p->autoEQPtrace = 0;
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"full")==0 ){
+p->autoEQP = AUTOEQP_full;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"trigger")==0 ){
+p->autoEQP = AUTOEQP_trigger;
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+}else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"test")==0 ){
+p->autoEQP = AUTOEQP_on;
+p->autoEQPtest = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"trace")==0 ){
+p->autoEQP = AUTOEQP_full;
+p->autoEQPtrace = 1;
+open_db(p, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema LIMIT 1", 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "PRAGMA vdbe_trace=ON;", 0, 0, 0);
+#endif
+}else{
+p->autoEQP = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+}
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .eqp off|on|trace|trigger|full\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "exit", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg>1 && (rc = (int)integerValue(azArg[1]))!=0 ) exit(rc);
+rc = 2;
+}else
+#endif
+/* The ".explain" command is automatic now.  It is largely pointless.  It
+** retained purely for backwards compatibility */
+if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "explain", n)==0 ){
+int val = 1;
+if( nArg>=2 ){
+if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"auto")==0 ){
+val = 99;
+}else{
+val =  booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+}
+}
+if( val==1 && p->mode!=MODE_Explain ){
+p->normalMode = p->mode;
+p->mode = MODE_Explain;
+p->autoExplain = 0;
+}else if( val==0 ){
+if( p->mode==MODE_Explain ) p->mode = p->normalMode;
+p->autoExplain = 0;
+}else if( val==99 ){
+if( p->mode==MODE_Explain ) p->mode = p->normalMode;
+p->autoExplain = 1;
+}
+}else
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+if( c=='e' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "expert", n)==0 ){
+if( p->bSafeMode ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Cannot run experimental commands such as \"%s\" in safe mode\n",
+azArg[0]);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+open_db(p, 0);
+expertDotCommand(p, azArg, nArg);
+}
+}else
+#endif
+if( c=='f' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "filectrl", n)==0 ){
+static const struct {
+const char *zCtrlName;   /* Name of a test-control option */
+int ctrlCode;            /* Integer code for that option */
+const char *zUsage;      /* Usage notes */
+} aCtrl[] = {
+{ "chunk_size",     SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE,      "SIZE"           },
+{ "data_version",   SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION,    ""               },
+{ "has_moved",      SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED,       ""               },
+{ "lock_timeout",   SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT,    "MILLISEC"       },
+{ "persist_wal",    SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL,     "[BOOLEAN]"      },
+/* { "pragma",         SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA,          "NAME ARG"       },*/
+{ "psow",       SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE, "[BOOLEAN]"      },
+{ "reserve_bytes",  SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES,   "[N]"            },
+{ "size_limit",     SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT,      "[LIMIT]"        },
+{ "tempfilename",   SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME,    ""               },
+/* { "win32_av_retry", SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY,  "COUNT DELAY"    },*/
+};
+int filectrl = -1;
+int iCtrl = -1;
+sqlite3_int64 iRes = 0;  /* Integer result to display if rc2==1 */
+int isOk = 0;            /* 0: usage  1: %lld  2: no-result */
+int n2, i;
+const char *zCmd = 0;
+const char *zSchema = 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+zCmd = nArg>=2 ? azArg[1] : "help";
+if( zCmd[0]=='-'
+&& (cli_strcmp(zCmd,"--schema")==0 || cli_strcmp(zCmd,"-schema")==0)
+&& nArg>=4
+){
+zSchema = azArg[2];
+for(i=3; i<nArg; i++) azArg[i-2] = azArg[i];
+nArg -= 2;
+zCmd = azArg[1];
+}
+/* The argument can optionally begin with "-" or "--" */
+if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ){
+zCmd++;
+if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ) zCmd++;
+}
+/* --help lists all file-controls */
+if( cli_strcmp(zCmd,"help")==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Available file-controls:\n", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"  .filectrl %s %s\n", aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
+}
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+/* convert filectrl text option to value. allow any unique prefix
+** of the option name, or a numerical value. */
+n2 = strlen30(zCmd);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+if( cli_strncmp(zCmd, aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, n2)==0 ){
+if( filectrl<0 ){
+filectrl = aCtrl[i].ctrlCode;
+iCtrl = i;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: ambiguous file-control: \"%s\"\n"
+"Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+}
+if( filectrl<0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unknown file-control: %s\n"
+"Use \".filectrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
+}else{
+switch(filectrl){
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT: {
+if( nArg!=2 && nArg!=3 ) break;
+iRes = nArg==3 ? integerValue(azArg[2]) : -1;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT, &iRes);
+isOk = 1;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT:
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE: {
+int x;
+if( nArg!=3 ) break;
+x = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
+isOk = 2;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL:
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE: {
+int x;
+if( nArg!=2 && nArg!=3 ) break;
+x = nArg==3 ? booleanValue(azArg[2]) : -1;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
+iRes = x;
+isOk = 1;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION:
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED: {
+int x;
+if( nArg!=2 ) break;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
+iRes = x;
+isOk = 1;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME: {
+char *z = 0;
+if( nArg!=2 ) break;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &z);
+if( z ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", z);
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+isOk = 2;
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES: {
+int x;
+if( nArg>=3 ){
+x = atoi(azArg[2]);
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
+}
+x = -1;
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zSchema, filectrl, &x);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d\n", x);
+isOk = 2;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Usage: .filectrl %s %s\n",
+zCmd, aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
+rc = 1;
+}else if( isOk==1 ){
+char zBuf[100];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%lld", iRes);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zBuf);
+}
+}else
+if( c=='f' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "fullschema", n)==0 ){
+ShellState data;
+int doStats = 0;
+memcpy(&data, p, sizeof(data));
+data.showHeader = 0;
+data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Semi;
+if( nArg==2 && optionMatch(azArg[1], "indent") ){
+data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Pretty;
+nArg = 1;
+}
+if( nArg!=1 ){
+eputz("Usage: .fullschema ?--indent?\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db,
+"SELECT sql FROM"
+"  (SELECT sql sql, type type, tbl_name tbl_name, name name, rowid x"
+"     FROM sqlite_schema UNION ALL"
+"   SELECT sql, type, tbl_name, name, rowid FROM sqlite_temp_schema) "
+"WHERE type!='meta' AND sql NOTNULL"
+"  AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite__%' ESCAPE '_' "
+"ORDER BY x",
+callback, &data, 0
+);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT rowid FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE name GLOB 'sqlite_stat[134]'",
+-1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+doStats = sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW;
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+}
+if( doStats==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("/* No STAT tables available */\n", p->out);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n", p->out);
+data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Insert;
+data.zDestTable = "sqlite_stat1";
+shell_exec(&data, "SELECT * FROM sqlite_stat1", 0);
+data.zDestTable = "sqlite_stat4";
+shell_exec(&data, "SELECT * FROM sqlite_stat4", 0);
+sqlite3_fputs("ANALYZE sqlite_schema;\n", p->out);
+}
+}else
+if( c=='h' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "headers", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+p->showHeader = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+p->shellFlgs |= SHFLG_HeaderSet;
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .headers on|off\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( c=='h' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "help", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg>=2 ){
+n = showHelp(p->out, azArg[1]);
+if( n==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Nothing matches '%s'\n", azArg[1]);
+}
+}else{
+showHelp(p->out, 0);
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "import", n)==0 ){
+char *zTable = 0;           /* Insert data into this table */
+char *zSchema = 0;          /* Schema of zTable */
+char *zFile = 0;            /* Name of file to extra content from */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = NULL; /* A statement */
+int nCol;                   /* Number of columns in the table */
+i64 nByte;                  /* Number of bytes in an SQL string */
+int i, j;                   /* Loop counters */
+int needCommit;             /* True to COMMIT or ROLLBACK at end */
+int nSep;                   /* Number of bytes in p->colSeparator[] */
+char *zSql = 0;             /* An SQL statement */
+ImportCtx sCtx;             /* Reader context */
+char *(SQLITE_CDECL *xRead)(ImportCtx*); /* Func to read one value */
+int eVerbose = 0;           /* Larger for more console output */
+i64 nSkip = 0;              /* Initial lines to skip */
+int useOutputMode = 1;      /* Use output mode to determine separators */
+char *zCreate = 0;          /* CREATE TABLE statement text */
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .import in safe mode");
+memset(&sCtx, 0, sizeof(sCtx));
+if( p->mode==MODE_Ascii ){
+xRead = ascii_read_one_field;
+}else{
+xRead = csv_read_one_field;
+}
+rc = 1;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azArg[i];
+if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( z[0]!='-' ){
+if( zFile==0 ){
+zFile = z;
+}else if( zTable==0 ){
+zTable = z;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "ERROR: extra argument: \"%s\". Usage:\n",z);
+showHelp(p->out, "import");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
+eVerbose++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-schema")==0 && i<nArg-1 ){
+zSchema = azArg[++i];
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-skip")==0 && i<nArg-1 ){
+nSkip = integerValue(azArg[++i]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-ascii")==0 ){
+sCtx.cColSep = SEP_Unit[0];
+sCtx.cRowSep = SEP_Record[0];
+xRead = ascii_read_one_field;
+useOutputMode = 0;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-csv")==0 ){
+sCtx.cColSep = ',';
+sCtx.cRowSep = '\n';
+xRead = csv_read_one_field;
+useOutputMode = 0;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", z);
+showHelp(p->out, "import");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( zTable==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "ERROR: missing %s argument. Usage:\n",
+zFile==0 ? "FILE" : "TABLE");
+showHelp(p->out, "import");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+seenInterrupt = 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( useOutputMode ){
+/* If neither the --csv or --ascii options are specified, then set
+** the column and row separator characters from the output mode. */
+nSep = strlen30(p->colSeparator);
+if( nSep==0 ){
+eputz("Error: non-null column separator required for import\n");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( nSep>1 ){
+eputz("Error: multi-character column separators not allowed"
+" for import\n");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+nSep = strlen30(p->rowSeparator);
+if( nSep==0 ){
+eputz("Error: non-null row separator required for import\n");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( nSep==2 && p->mode==MODE_Csv
+&& cli_strcmp(p->rowSeparator,SEP_CrLf)==0
+){
+/* When importing CSV (only), if the row separator is set to the
+** default output row separator, change it to the default input
+** row separator.  This avoids having to maintain different input
+** and output row separators. */
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+nSep = strlen30(p->rowSeparator);
+}
+if( nSep>1 ){
+eputz("Error: multi-character row separators not allowed"
+" for import\n");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+sCtx.cColSep = (u8)p->colSeparator[0];
+sCtx.cRowSep = (u8)p->rowSeparator[0];
+}
+sCtx.zFile = zFile;
+sCtx.nLine = 1;
+if( sCtx.zFile[0]=='|' ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
+eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
+goto meta_command_exit;
+#else
+sCtx.in = sqlite3_popen(sCtx.zFile+1, "r");
+sCtx.zFile = "<pipe>";
+sCtx.xCloser = pclose;
+#endif
+}else{
+sCtx.in = sqlite3_fopen(sCtx.zFile, "rb");
+sCtx.xCloser = fclose;
+}
+if( sCtx.in==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zFile);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( eVerbose>=2 || (eVerbose>=1 && useOutputMode) ){
+char zSep[2];
+zSep[1] = 0;
+zSep[0] = sCtx.cColSep;
+sqlite3_fputs("Column separator ", p->out);
+output_c_string(p->out, zSep);
+sqlite3_fputs(", row separator ", p->out);
+zSep[0] = sCtx.cRowSep;
+output_c_string(p->out, zSep);
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+sCtx.z = sqlite3_malloc64(120);
+if( sCtx.z==0 ){
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+shell_out_of_memory();
+}
+/* Below, resources must be freed before exit. */
+while( nSkip>0 ){
+nSkip--;
+while( xRead(&sCtx) && sCtx.cTerm==sCtx.cColSep ){}
+}
+import_append_char(&sCtx, 0);    /* To ensure sCtx.z is allocated */
+if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db, zSchema, zTable,0,0,0,0,0,0)
+&& 0==db_int(p->db, "SELECT count(*) FROM \"%w\".sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE name=%Q AND type='view'",
+zSchema ? zSchema : "main", zTable)
+){
+/* Table does not exist.  Create it. */
+sqlite3 *dbCols = 0;
+char *zRenames = 0;
+char *zColDefs;
+zCreate = sqlite3_mprintf("CREATE TABLE \"%w\".\"%w\"",
+zSchema ? zSchema : "main", zTable);
+while( xRead(&sCtx) ){
+zAutoColumn(sCtx.z, &dbCols, 0);
+if( sCtx.cTerm!=sCtx.cColSep ) break;
+}
+zColDefs = zAutoColumn(0, &dbCols, &zRenames);
+if( zRenames!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf((stdin_is_interactive && p->in==stdin)? p->out : stderr,
+"Columns renamed during .import %s due to duplicates:\n"
+"%s\n", sCtx.zFile, zRenames);
+sqlite3_free(zRenames);
+}
+assert(dbCols==0);
+if( zColDefs==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s: empty file\n", sCtx.zFile);
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zCreate);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+zCreate = sqlite3_mprintf("%z%z\n", zCreate, zColDefs);
+if( zCreate==0 ){
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+shell_out_of_memory();
+}
+if( eVerbose>=1 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zCreate);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zCreate, 0, 0, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"%s failed:\n%s\n", zCreate, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+}
+sqlite3_free(zCreate);
+zCreate = 0;
+if( rc ){
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT count(*) FROM pragma_table_info(%Q,%Q);",
+zTable, zSchema);
+if( zSql==0 ){
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+shell_out_of_memory();
+}
+rc =  sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+zSql = 0;
+if( rc ){
+if (pStmt) sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+nCol = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+}else{
+nCol = 0;
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+if( nCol==0 ) return 0; /* no columns, no error */
+nByte = 64                 /* space for "INSERT INTO", "VALUES(", ")\0" */
++ (zSchema ? strlen(zSchema)*2 + 2: 0)  /* Quoted schema name */
++ strlen(zTable)*2 + 2                  /* Quoted table name */
++ nCol*2;            /* Space for ",?" for each column */
+zSql = sqlite3_malloc64( nByte );
+if( zSql==0 ){
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+shell_out_of_memory();
+}
+if( zSchema ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(nByte, zSql, "INSERT INTO \"%w\".\"%w\" VALUES(?",
+zSchema, zTable);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(nByte, zSql, "INSERT INTO \"%w\" VALUES(?", zTable);
+}
+j = strlen30(zSql);
+for(i=1; i<nCol; i++){
+zSql[j++] = ',';
+zSql[j++] = '?';
+}
+zSql[j++] = ')';
+zSql[j] = 0;
+assert( j<nByte );
+if( eVerbose>=2 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Insert using: %s\n", zSql);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+zSql = 0;
+if( rc ){
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+if (pStmt) sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+needCommit = sqlite3_get_autocommit(p->db);
+if( needCommit ) sqlite3_exec(p->db, "BEGIN", 0, 0, 0);
+do{
+int startLine = sCtx.nLine;
+for(i=0; i<nCol; i++){
+char *z = xRead(&sCtx);
+/*
+** Did we reach end-of-file before finding any columns?
+** If so, stop instead of NULL filling the remaining columns.
+*/
+if( z==0 && i==0 ) break;
+/*
+** Did we reach end-of-file OR end-of-line before finding any
+** columns in ASCII mode?  If so, stop instead of NULL filling
+** the remaining columns.
+*/
+if( p->mode==MODE_Ascii && (z==0 || z[0]==0) && i==0 ) break;
+/*
+** For CSV mode, per RFC 4180, accept EOF in lieu of final
+** record terminator but only for last field of multi-field row.
+** (If there are too few fields, it's not valid CSV anyway.)
+*/
+if( z==0 && (xRead==csv_read_one_field) && i==nCol-1 && i>0 ){
+z = "";
+}
+sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, i+1, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+if( i<nCol-1 && sCtx.cTerm!=sCtx.cColSep ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d"
+" - filling the rest with NULL\n",
+sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i+1);
+i += 2;
+while( i<=nCol ){ sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, i); i++; }
+}
+}
+if( sCtx.cTerm==sCtx.cColSep ){
+do{
+xRead(&sCtx);
+i++;
+}while( sCtx.cTerm==sCtx.cColSep );
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d - extras ignored\n",
+sCtx.zFile, startLine, nCol, i);
+}
+if( i>=nCol ){
+sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s:%d: INSERT failed: %s\n",
+sCtx.zFile, startLine, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+sCtx.nErr++;
+}else{
+sCtx.nRow++;
+}
+}
+}while( sCtx.cTerm!=EOF );
+import_cleanup(&sCtx);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( needCommit ) sqlite3_exec(p->db, "COMMIT", 0, 0, 0);
+if( eVerbose>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"Added %d rows with %d errors using %d lines of input\n",
+sCtx.nRow, sCtx.nErr, sCtx.nLine-1);
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
+if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "imposter", n)==0 ){
+char *zSql;
+char *zCollist = 0;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+int tnum = 0;
+int isWO = 0;  /* True if making an imposter of a WITHOUT ROWID table */
+int lenPK = 0; /* Length of the PRIMARY KEY string for isWO tables */
+int i;
+if( !(nArg==3 || (nArg==2 && sqlite3_stricmp(azArg[1],"off")==0)) ){
+eputz("Usage: .imposter INDEX IMPOSTER\n"
+"       .imposter off\n");
+/* Also allowed, but not documented:
+**
+**    .imposter TABLE IMPOSTER
+**
+** where TABLE is a WITHOUT ROWID table.  In that case, the
+** imposter is another WITHOUT ROWID table with the columns in
+** storage order. */
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( nArg==2 ){
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 1);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"SELECT rootpage, 0 FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE name='%q' AND type='index'"
+"UNION ALL "
+"SELECT rootpage, 1 FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE name='%q' AND type='table'"
+"   AND sql LIKE '%%without%%rowid%%'",
+azArg[1], azArg[1]
+);
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+tnum = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+isWO = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 1);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA index_xinfo='%q'", azArg[1]);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+i = 0;
+while( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+char zLabel[20];
+const char *zCol = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
+i++;
+if( zCol==0 ){
+if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,1)==-1 ){
+zCol = "_ROWID_";
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLabel),zLabel,"expr%d",i);
+zCol = zLabel;
+}
+}
+if( isWO && lenPK==0 && sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,5)==0 && zCollist ){
+lenPK = (int)strlen(zCollist);
+}
+if( zCollist==0 ){
+zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("\"%w\"", zCol);
+}else{
+zCollist = sqlite3_mprintf("%z,\"%w\"", zCollist, zCol);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( i==0 || tnum==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"no such index: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zCollist);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( lenPK==0 ) lenPK = 100000;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"CREATE TABLE \"%w\"(%s,PRIMARY KEY(%.*s))WITHOUT ROWID",
+azArg[2], zCollist, lenPK, zCollist);
+sqlite3_free(zCollist);
+rc = sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 2, tnum);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER, p->db, "main", 0, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Error in [%s]: %s\n", zSql, sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%s;\n", zSql);
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER returns %d\n", rc);
+rc = 1;
+}
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TEST_CONTROL) */
+if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "intck", n)==0 ){
+i64 iArg = 0;
+if( nArg==2 ){
+iArg = integerValue(azArg[1]);
+if( iArg==0 ) iArg = -1;
+}
+if( (nArg!=1 && nArg!=2) || iArg<0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s","Usage: .intck STEPS_PER_UNLOCK\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = intckDatabaseCmd(p, iArg);
+}else
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
+if( c=='i' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "iotrace", n)==0 ){
+SQLITE_API extern void (SQLITE_CDECL *sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*, ...);
+if( iotrace && iotrace!=stdout ) fclose(iotrace);
+iotrace = 0;
+if( nArg<2 ){
+sqlite3IoTrace = 0;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "-")==0 ){
+sqlite3IoTrace = iotracePrintf;
+iotrace = stdout;
+}else{
+iotrace = sqlite3_fopen(azArg[1], "w");
+if( iotrace==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+sqlite3IoTrace = 0;
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+sqlite3IoTrace = iotracePrintf;
+}
+}
+}else
+#endif
+if( c=='l' && n>=5 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "limits", n)==0 ){
+static const struct {
+const char *zLimitName;   /* Name of a limit */
+int limitCode;            /* Integer code for that limit */
+} aLimit[] = {
+{ "length",                SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    },
+{ "sql_length",            SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                },
+{ "column",                SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    },
+{ "expr_depth",            SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                },
+{ "compound_select",       SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           },
+{ "vdbe_op",               SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   },
+{ "function_arg",          SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              },
+{ "attached",              SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  },
+{ "like_pattern_length",   SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       },
+{ "variable_number",       SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           },
+{ "trigger_depth",         SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH             },
+{ "worker_threads",        SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS            },
+};
+int i, n2;
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( nArg==1 ){
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aLimit); i++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%20s %d\n", aLimit[i].zLimitName,
+sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[i].limitCode, -1));
+}
+}else if( nArg>3 ){
+eputz("Usage: .limit NAME ?NEW-VALUE?\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+int iLimit = -1;
+n2 = strlen30(azArg[1]);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aLimit); i++){
+if( sqlite3_strnicmp(aLimit[i].zLimitName, azArg[1], n2)==0 ){
+if( iLimit<0 ){
+iLimit = i;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"ambiguous limit: \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+}
+if( iLimit<0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unknown limit: \"%s\"\n"
+"enter \".limits\" with no arguments for a list.\n",
+azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( nArg==3 ){
+sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[iLimit].limitCode,
+(int)integerValue(azArg[2]));
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%20s %d\n", aLimit[iLimit].zLimitName,
+sqlite3_limit(p->db, aLimit[iLimit].limitCode, -1));
+}
+}else
+if( c=='l' && n>2 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "lint", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p, 0);
+lintDotCommand(p, azArg, nArg);
+}else
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+if( c=='l' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "load", n)==0 ){
+const char *zFile, *zProc;
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .load in safe mode");
+if( nArg<2 || azArg[1][0]==0 ){
+/* Must have a non-empty FILE. (Will not load self.) */
+eputz("Usage: .load FILE ?ENTRYPOINT?\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+zFile = azArg[1];
+zProc = nArg>=3 ? azArg[2] : 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = sqlite3_load_extension(p->db, zFile, zProc, &zErrMsg);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+shellEmitError(zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#endif
+if( c=='l' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "log", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg!=2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .log FILENAME\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+const char *zFile = azArg[1];
+if( p->bSafeMode
+&& cli_strcmp(zFile,"on")!=0
+&& cli_strcmp(zFile,"off")!=0
+){
+sputz(stdout, "cannot set .log to anything other"
+" than \"on\" or \"off\"\n");
+zFile = "off";
+}
+output_file_close(p->pLog);
+if( cli_strcmp(zFile,"on")==0 ) zFile = "stdout";
+p->pLog = output_file_open(zFile);
+}
+}else
+if( c=='m' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "mode", n)==0 ){
+const char *zMode = 0;
+const char *zTabname = 0;
+int i, n2;
+int chng = 0;       /* 0x01:  change to cmopts.  0x02:  Any other change */
+ColModeOpts cmOpts = ColModeOpts_default;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+const char *z = azArg[i];
+if( optionMatch(z,"wrap") && i+1<nArg ){
+cmOpts.iWrap = integerValue(azArg[++i]);
+chng |= 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(z,"ww") ){
+cmOpts.bWordWrap = 1;
+chng |= 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(z,"wordwrap") && i+1<nArg ){
+cmOpts.bWordWrap = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[++i]);
+chng |= 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(z,"quote") ){
+cmOpts.bQuote = 1;
+chng |= 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(z,"noquote") ){
+cmOpts.bQuote = 0;
+chng |= 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(z,"escape") && i+1<nArg ){
+/* See similar code at tag-20250224-1 */
+const char *zEsc = azArg[++i];
+int k;
+for(k=0; k<ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames); k++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zEsc,shell_EscModeNames[k])==0 ){
+p->eEscMode = k;
+chng |= 2;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( k>=ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "unknown control character escape mode \"%s\""
+" - choices:", zEsc);
+for(k=0; k<ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames); k++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, " %s", shell_EscModeNames[k]);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else if( zMode==0 ){
+zMode = z;
+/* Apply defaults for qbox pseudo-mode.  If that
+* overwrites already-set values, user was informed of this.
+*/
+chng |= 1;
+if( cli_strcmp(z, "qbox")==0 ){
+ColModeOpts cmo = ColModeOpts_default_qbox;
+zMode = "box";
+cmOpts = cmo;
+}
+}else if( zTabname==0 ){
+zTabname = z;
+}else if( z[0]=='-' ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unknown option: %s\n", z);
+eputz("options:\n"
+"  --escape MODE\n"
+"  --noquote\n"
+"  --quote\n"
+"  --wordwrap on/off\n"
+"  --wrap N\n"
+"  --ww\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( !chng ){
+if( p->mode==MODE_Column
+|| (p->mode>=MODE_Markdown && p->mode<=MODE_Box)
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"current output mode: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s "
+"--%squote --escape %s\n",
+modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
+p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
+p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no",
+shell_EscModeNames[p->eEscMode]
+);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"current output mode: %s --escape %s\n",
+modeDescr[p->mode],
+shell_EscModeNames[p->eEscMode]
+);
+}
+}
+if( zMode==0 ){
+zMode = modeDescr[p->mode];
+if( (chng&1)==0 ) cmOpts = p->cmOpts;
+}
+n2 = strlen30(zMode);
+if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"lines",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Line;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"columns",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Column;
+if( (p->shellFlgs & SHFLG_HeaderSet)==0 ){
+p->showHeader = 1;
+}
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+p->cmOpts = cmOpts;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"list",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_List;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Column);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"html",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Html;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"tcl",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Tcl;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Space);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"csv",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Csv;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Comma);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_CrLf);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"tabs",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_List;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Tab);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"insert",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Insert;
+set_table_name(p, zTabname ? zTabname : "table");
+if( p->eEscMode==SHELL_ESC_OFF ){
+ShellSetFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines);
+}else{
+ShellClearFlag(p, SHFLG_Newlines);
+}
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"quote",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Quote;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Comma);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"ascii",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Ascii;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Unit);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_Record);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"markdown",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Markdown;
+p->cmOpts = cmOpts;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"table",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Table;
+p->cmOpts = cmOpts;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"box",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Box;
+p->cmOpts = cmOpts;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"count",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Count;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"off",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Off;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zMode,"json",n2)==0 ){
+p->mode = MODE_Json;
+}else{
+eputz("Error: mode should be one of: "
+"ascii box column csv html insert json line list markdown "
+"qbox quote table tabs tcl\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+p->cMode = p->mode;
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='n' && cli_strcmp(azArg[0], "nonce")==0 ){
+if( nArg!=2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .nonce NONCE\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else if( p->zNonce==0 || cli_strcmp(azArg[1],p->zNonce)!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"line %lld: incorrect nonce: \"%s\"\n",
+p->lineno, azArg[1]);
+exit(1);
+}else{
+p->bSafeMode = 0;
+return 0;  /* Return immediately to bypass the safe mode reset
+** at the end of this procedure */
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='n' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "nullvalue", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->nullValue), p->nullValue,
+"%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->nullValue)-1, azArg[1]);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .nullvalue STRING\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( c=='o' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "open", n)==0 && n>=2 ){
+const char *zFN = 0;     /* Pointer to constant filename */
+char *zNewFilename = 0;  /* Name of the database file to open */
+int iName = 1;           /* Index in azArg[] of the filename */
+int newFlag = 0;         /* True to delete file before opening */
+int openMode = SHELL_OPEN_UNSPEC;
+int openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+/* Check for command-line arguments */
+for(iName=1; iName<nArg; iName++){
+const char *z = azArg[iName];
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( optionMatch(z,"new") ){
+newFlag = 1;
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "zip") ){
+openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+#endif
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "append") ){
+openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "readonly") ){
+openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "exclusive") ){
+openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "ifexists") ){
+openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "nofollow") ){
+openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "deserialize") ){
+openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "hexdb") ){
+openMode = SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "normal") ){
+openMode = SHELL_OPEN_NORMAL;
+}else if( optionMatch(z, "maxsize") && iName+1<nArg ){
+p->szMax = integerValue(azArg[++iName]);
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE */
+}else
+#endif /* !SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE */
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"unknown option: %s\n", z);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else if( zFN ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"extra argument: \"%s\"\n", z);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+zFN = z;
+}
+}
+/* Close the existing database */
+session_close_all(p, -1);
+close_db(p->db);
+p->db = 0;
+p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename = 0;
+sqlite3_free(p->pAuxDb->zFreeOnClose);
+p->pAuxDb->zFreeOnClose = 0;
+p->openMode = openMode;
+p->openFlags = openFlags;
+p->szMax = 0;
+/* If a filename is specified, try to open it first */
+if( zFN || p->openMode==SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB ){
+if( newFlag && zFN && !p->bSafeMode ){
+if( cli_strncmp(zFN,"file:",5)==0 ){
+char *zDel = shellFilenameFromUri(zFN);
+shell_check_oom(zDel);
+shellDeleteFile(zDel);
+sqlite3_free(zDel);
+}else{
+shellDeleteFile(zFN);
+}
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( p->bSafeMode
+&& p->openMode!=SHELL_OPEN_HEXDB
+&& zFN
+&& cli_strcmp(zFN,":memory:")!=0
+){
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot open disk-based database files in safe mode");
+}
+#else
+/* WASM mode has its own sandboxed pseudo-filesystem. */
+#endif
+if( zFN ){
+zNewFilename = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zFN);
+shell_check_oom(zNewFilename);
+}else{
+zNewFilename = 0;
+}
+p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename = zNewFilename;
+open_db(p, OPEN_DB_KEEPALIVE);
+if( p->db==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open '%s'\n", zNewFilename);
+sqlite3_free(zNewFilename);
+}else{
+p->pAuxDb->zFreeOnClose = zNewFilename;
+}
+}
+if( p->db==0 ){
+/* As a fall-back open a TEMP database */
+p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename = 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( (c=='o'
+&& (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "output", n)==0
+|| cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "once", n)==0))
+|| (c=='e' && n==5 && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"excel")==0)
+|| (c=='w' && n==3 && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"www")==0)
+){
+char *zFile = 0;
+int i;
+int eMode = 0;          /* 0: .outout/.once, 'x'=.excel, 'w'=.www */
+int bOnce = 0;          /* 0: .output, 1: .once, 2: .excel/.www */
+int bPlain = 0;         /* --plain option */
+static const char *zBomUtf8 = "\357\273\277";
+const char *zBom = 0;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .%s in safe mode", azArg[0]);
+if( c=='e' ){
+eMode = 'x';
+bOnce = 2;
+}else if( c=='w' ){
+eMode = 'w';
+bOnce = 2;
+}else if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"once",n)==0 ){
+bOnce = 1;
+}
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+char *z = azArg[i];
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+if( z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bom")==0 ){
+zBom = zBomUtf8;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-plain")==0 ){
+bPlain = 1;
+}else if( c=='o' && cli_strcmp(z,"-x")==0 ){
+eMode = 'x';  /* spreadsheet */
+}else if( c=='o' && cli_strcmp(z,"-e")==0 ){
+eMode = 'e';  /* text editor */
+}else if( c=='o' && cli_strcmp(z,"-w")==0 ){
+eMode = 'w';  /* Web browser */
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"ERROR: unknown option: \"%s\". Usage:\n", azArg[i]);
+showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zFile);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else if( zFile==0 && eMode==0 ){
+if( cli_strcmp(z, "off")==0 ){
+#ifdef _WIN32
+zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("nul");
+#else
+zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("/dev/null");
+#endif
+}else{
+zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", z);
+}
+if( zFile && zFile[0]=='|' ){
+while( i+1<nArg ) zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%z %s", zFile, azArg[++i]);
+break;
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"ERROR: extra parameter: \"%s\".  Usage:\n", azArg[i]);
+showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_free(zFile);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( zFile==0 ){
+zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("stdout");
+}
+shell_check_oom(zFile);
+if( bOnce ){
+p->outCount = 2;
+}else{
+p->outCount = 0;
+}
+output_reset(p);
+#ifndef SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM
+if( eMode=='e' || eMode=='x' || eMode=='w' ){
+p->doXdgOpen = 1;
+outputModePush(p);
+if( eMode=='x' ){
+/* spreadsheet mode.  Output as CSV. */
+newTempFile(p, "csv");
+ShellClearFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo);
+p->mode = MODE_Csv;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator, SEP_Comma);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator, SEP_CrLf);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+zBom = zBomUtf8;  /* Always include the BOM on Windows, as Excel does
+** not work without it. */
+#endif
+}else if( eMode=='w' ){
+/* web-browser mode. */
+newTempFile(p, "html");
+if( !bPlain ) p->mode = MODE_Www;
+}else{
+/* text editor mode */
+newTempFile(p, "txt");
+}
+sqlite3_free(zFile);
+zFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", p->zTempFile);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM */
+shell_check_oom(zFile);
+if( zFile[0]=='|' ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
+eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
+rc = 1;
+output_redir(p, stdout);
+#else
+FILE *pfPipe = sqlite3_popen(zFile + 1, "w");
+if( pfPipe==0 ){
+assert( stderr!=NULL );
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open pipe \"%s\"\n", zFile + 1);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+output_redir(p, pfPipe);
+if( zBom ) sqlite3_fputs(zBom, pfPipe);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->outfile), p->outfile, "%s", zFile);
+}
+#endif
+}else{
+FILE *pfFile = output_file_open(zFile);
+if( pfFile==0 ){
+if( cli_strcmp(zFile,"off")!=0 ){
+assert( stderr!=NULL );
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot write to \"%s\"\n", zFile);
+}
+rc = 1;
+} else {
+output_redir(p, pfFile);
+if( zBom ) sqlite3_fputs(zBom, pfFile);
+if( bPlain && eMode=='w' ){
+sqlite3_fputs(
+"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<BODY>\n<PLAINTEXT>\n",
+pfFile
+);
+}
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->outfile), p->outfile, "%s", zFile);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_free(zFile);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='p' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "parameter", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p,0);
+if( nArg<=1 ) goto parameter_syntax_error;
+/* .parameter clear
+** Clear all bind parameters by dropping the TEMP table that holds them.
+*/
+if( nArg==2 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"clear")==0 ){
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp.sqlite_parameters;",
+0, 0, 0);
+}else
+/* .parameter list
+** List all bind parameters.
+*/
+if( nArg==2 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"list")==0 ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+int rx;
+int len = 0;
+rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT max(length(key)) "
+"FROM temp.sqlite_parameters;", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rx==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+len = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+if( len>40 ) len = 40;
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+if( len ){
+rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT key, quote(value) "
+"FROM temp.sqlite_parameters;", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+while( rx==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"%-*s %s\n", len, sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0),
+sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1));
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+}else
+/* .parameter init
+** Make sure the TEMP table used to hold bind parameters exists.
+** Create it if necessary.
+*/
+if( nArg==2 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"init")==0 ){
+bind_table_init(p);
+}else
+/* .parameter set NAME VALUE
+** Set or reset a bind parameter.  NAME should be the full parameter
+** name exactly as it appears in the query.  (ex: $abc, @def).  The
+** VALUE can be in either SQL literal notation, or if not it will be
+** understood to be a text string.
+*/
+if( nArg==4 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"set")==0 ){
+int rx;
+char *zSql;
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+const char *zKey = azArg[2];
+const char *zValue = azArg[3];
+bind_table_init(p);
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"REPLACE INTO temp.sqlite_parameters(key,value)"
+"VALUES(%Q,%s);", zKey, zValue);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+pStmt = 0;
+rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( rx!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"REPLACE INTO temp.sqlite_parameters(key,value)"
+"VALUES(%Q,%Q);", zKey, zValue);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+rx = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+if( rx!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Error: %s\n", sqlite3_errmsg(p->db));
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+pStmt = 0;
+rc = 1;
+}
+}
+bind_prepared_stmt(p, pStmt);
+sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}else
+/* .parameter unset NAME
+** Remove the NAME binding from the parameter binding table, if it
+** exists.
+*/
+if( nArg==3 && cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"unset")==0 ){
+char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"DELETE FROM temp.sqlite_parameters WHERE key=%Q", azArg[2]);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}else
+/* If no command name matches, show a syntax error */
+parameter_syntax_error:
+showHelp(p->out, "parameter");
+}else
+if( c=='p' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "print", n)==0 ){
+int i;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+if( i>1 ) sqlite3_fputs(" ", p->out);
+sqlite3_fputs(azArg[i], p->out);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
+if( c=='p' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "progress", n)==0 ){
+int i;
+int nn = 0;
+p->flgProgress = 0;
+p->mxProgress = 0;
+p->nProgress = 0;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+const char *z = azArg[i];
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+z++;
+if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"quiet")==0 || cli_strcmp(z,"q")==0 ){
+p->flgProgress |= SHELL_PROGRESS_QUIET;
+continue;
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"reset")==0 ){
+p->flgProgress |= SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET;
+continue;
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"once")==0 ){
+p->flgProgress |= SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE;
+continue;
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"limit")==0 ){
+if( i+1>=nArg ){
+eputz("Error: missing argument on --limit\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+p->mxProgress = (int)integerValue(azArg[++i]);
+}
+continue;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[i]);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+nn = (int)integerValue(z);
+}
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+sqlite3_progress_handler(p->db, nn, progress_handler, p);
+}else
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK */
+if( c=='p' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "prompt", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg >= 2) {
+shell_strncpy(mainPrompt,azArg[1],(int)ArraySize(mainPrompt)-1);
+}
+if( nArg >= 3) {
+shell_strncpy(continuePrompt,azArg[2],(int)ArraySize(continuePrompt)-1);
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='q' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "quit", n)==0 ){
+rc = 2;
+}else
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='r' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "read", n)==0 ){
+FILE *inSaved = p->in;
+i64 savedLineno = p->lineno;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .read in safe mode");
+if( nArg!=2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .read FILE\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( azArg[1][0]=='|' ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_POPEN
+eputz("Error: pipes are not supported in this OS\n");
+rc = 1;
+#else
+p->in = sqlite3_popen(azArg[1]+1, "r");
+if( p->in==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+rc = process_input(p, "<pipe>");
+pclose(p->in);
+}
+#endif
+}else if( (p->in = openChrSource(azArg[1]))==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", azArg[1]);
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+rc = process_input(p, azArg[1]);
+fclose(p->in);
+}
+p->in = inSaved;
+p->lineno = savedLineno;
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( c=='r' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "restore", n)==0 ){
+const char *zSrcFile;
+const char *zDb;
+sqlite3 *pSrc;
+sqlite3_backup *pBackup;
+int nTimeout = 0;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .restore in safe mode");
+if( nArg==2 ){
+zSrcFile = azArg[1];
+zDb = "main";
+}else if( nArg==3 ){
+zSrcFile = azArg[2];
+zDb = azArg[1];
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .restore ?DB? FILE\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+rc = sqlite3_open(zSrcFile, &pSrc);
+if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot open \"%s\"\n", zSrcFile);
+close_db(pSrc);
+return 1;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+pBackup = sqlite3_backup_init(p->db, zDb, pSrc, "main");
+if( pBackup==0 ){
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+close_db(pSrc);
+return 1;
+}
+while( (rc = sqlite3_backup_step(pBackup,100))==SQLITE_OK
+|| rc==SQLITE_BUSY  ){
+if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
+if( nTimeout++ >= 3 ) break;
+sqlite3_sleep(100);
+}
+}
+sqlite3_backup_finish(pBackup);
+if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
+rc = 0;
+}else if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY || rc==SQLITE_LOCKED ){
+eputz("Error: source database is busy\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+rc = 1;
+}
+close_db(pSrc);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='s' &&
+(cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "scanstats",  n)==0 ||
+cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "scanstatus", n)==0)
+){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "vm")==0 ){
+p->scanstatsOn = 3;
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "est")==0 ){
+p->scanstatsOn = 2;
+}else{
+p->scanstatsOn = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(
+p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, p->scanstatsOn, (int*)0
+);
+#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS)
+eputz("Warning: .scanstats not available in this build.\n");
+#elif !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB)
+if( p->scanstatsOn==3 ){
+eputz("Warning: \".scanstats vm\" not available in this build.\n");
+}
+#endif
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .scanstats on|off|est\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "schema", n)==0 ){
+ShellText sSelect;
+ShellState data;
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+const char *zDiv = "(";
+const char *zName = 0;
+int iSchema = 0;
+int bDebug = 0;
+int bNoSystemTabs = 0;
+int ii;
+open_db(p, 0);
+memcpy(&data, p, sizeof(data));
+data.showHeader = 0;
+data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Semi;
+initText(&sSelect);
+for(ii=1; ii<nArg; ii++){
+if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"indent") ){
+data.cMode = data.mode = MODE_Pretty;
+}else if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"debug") ){
+bDebug = 1;
+}else if( optionMatch(azArg[ii],"nosys") ){
+bNoSystemTabs = 1;
+}else if( azArg[ii][0]=='-' ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Unknown option: \"%s\"\n", azArg[ii]);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else if( zName==0 ){
+zName = azArg[ii];
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .schema ?--indent? ?--nosys? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( zName!=0 ){
+int isSchema = sqlite3_strlike(zName, "sqlite_master", '\\')==0
+|| sqlite3_strlike(zName, "sqlite_schema", '\\')==0
+|| sqlite3_strlike(zName,"sqlite_temp_master", '\\')==0
+|| sqlite3_strlike(zName,"sqlite_temp_schema", '\\')==0;
+if( isSchema ){
+char *new_argv[2], *new_colv[2];
+new_argv[0] = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"CREATE TABLE %s (\n"
+"  type text,\n"
+"  name text,\n"
+"  tbl_name text,\n"
+"  rootpage integer,\n"
+"  sql text\n"
+")", zName);
+shell_check_oom(new_argv[0]);
+new_argv[1] = 0;
+new_colv[0] = "sql";
+new_colv[1] = 0;
+callback(&data, 1, new_argv, new_colv);
+sqlite3_free(new_argv[0]);
+}
+}
+if( zDiv ){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "SELECT name FROM pragma_database_list",
+-1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ){
+shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT sql FROM", 0);
+iSchema = 0;
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+const char *zDb = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0);
+char zScNum[30];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zScNum), zScNum, "%d", ++iSchema);
+appendText(&sSelect, zDiv, 0);
+zDiv = " UNION ALL ";
+appendText(&sSelect, "SELECT shell_add_schema(sql,", 0);
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zDb, "main")!=0 ){
+appendText(&sSelect, zDb, '\'');
+}else{
+appendText(&sSelect, "NULL", 0);
+}
+appendText(&sSelect, ",name) AS sql, type, tbl_name, name, rowid,", 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, zScNum, 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, " AS snum, ", 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, zDb, '\'');
+appendText(&sSelect, " AS sname FROM ", 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, zDb, quoteChar(zDb));
+appendText(&sSelect, ".sqlite_schema", 0);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS
+if( zName ){
+appendText(&sSelect,
+" UNION ALL SELECT shell_module_schema(name),"
+" 'table', name, name, name, 9e+99, 'main' FROM pragma_module_list",
+0);
+}
+#endif
+appendText(&sSelect, ") WHERE ", 0);
+if( zName ){
+char *zQarg = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q", zName);
+int bGlob;
+shell_check_oom(zQarg);
+bGlob = strchr(zName, '*') != 0 || strchr(zName, '?') != 0 ||
+strchr(zName, '[') != 0;
+if( strchr(zName, '.') ){
+appendText(&sSelect, "lower(printf('%s.%s',sname,tbl_name))", 0);
+}else{
+appendText(&sSelect, "lower(tbl_name)", 0);
+}
+appendText(&sSelect, bGlob ? " GLOB " : " LIKE ", 0);
+appendText(&sSelect, zQarg, 0);
+if( !bGlob ){
+appendText(&sSelect, " ESCAPE '\\' ", 0);
+}
+appendText(&sSelect, " AND ", 0);
+sqlite3_free(zQarg);
+}
+if( bNoSystemTabs ){
+appendText(&sSelect, "name NOT LIKE 'sqlite__%%' ESCAPE '_' AND ", 0);
+}
+appendText(&sSelect, "sql IS NOT NULL"
+" ORDER BY snum, rowid", 0);
+if( bDebug ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "SQL: %s;\n", sSelect.zTxt);
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, sSelect.zTxt, callback, &data, &zErrMsg);
+}
+freeText(&sSelect);
+}
+if( zErrMsg ){
+shellEmitError(zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+rc = 1;
+}else if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
+eputz("Error: querying schema information\n");
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+rc = 0;
+}
+}else
+if( (c=='s' && n==11 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "selecttrace", n)==0)
+|| (c=='t' && n==9  && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "treetrace", n)==0)
+){
+unsigned int x = nArg>=2? (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[1]) : 0xffffffff;
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 1, &x);
+}else
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
+if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"session",n)==0 && n>=3 ){
+struct AuxDb *pAuxDb = p->pAuxDb;
+OpenSession *pSession = &pAuxDb->aSession[0];
+char **azCmd = &azArg[1];
+int iSes = 0;
+int nCmd = nArg - 1;
+int i;
+if( nArg<=1 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( nArg>=3 ){
+for(iSes=0; iSes<pAuxDb->nSession; iSes++){
+if( cli_strcmp(pAuxDb->aSession[iSes].zName, azArg[1])==0 ) break;
+}
+if( iSes<pAuxDb->nSession ){
+pSession = &pAuxDb->aSession[iSes];
+azCmd++;
+nCmd--;
+}else{
+pSession = &pAuxDb->aSession[0];
+iSes = 0;
+}
+}
+/* .session attach TABLE
+** Invoke the sqlite3session_attach() interface to attach a particular
+** table so that it is never filtered.
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"attach")==0 ){
+if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+if( pSession->p==0 ){
+session_not_open:
+eputz("ERROR: No sessions are open\n");
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3session_attach(pSession->p, azCmd[1]);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"ERROR: sqlite3session_attach() returns %d\n",rc);
+rc = 0;
+}
+}
+}else
+/* .session changeset FILE
+** .session patchset FILE
+** Write a changeset or patchset into a file.  The file is overwritten.
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"changeset")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"patchset")==0
+){
+FILE *out = 0;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run \".session %s\" in safe mode", azCmd[0]);
+if( nCmd!=2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+if( pSession->p==0 ) goto session_not_open;
+out = sqlite3_fopen(azCmd[1], "wb");
+if( out==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"ERROR: cannot open \"%s\" for writing\n",
+azCmd[1]);
+}else{
+int szChng;
+void *pChng;
+if( azCmd[0][0]=='c' ){
+rc = sqlite3session_changeset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3session_patchset(pSession->p, &szChng, &pChng);
+}
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "Error: error code %d\n", rc);
+rc = 0;
+}
+if( pChng
+&& fwrite(pChng, szChng, 1, out)!=1 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"ERROR: Failed to write entire %d-byte output\n", szChng);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pChng);
+fclose(out);
+}
+}else
+/* .session close
+** Close the identified session
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "close")==0 ){
+if( nCmd!=1 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
+session_close(pSession);
+pAuxDb->aSession[iSes] = pAuxDb->aSession[--pAuxDb->nSession];
+}
+}else
+/* .session enable ?BOOLEAN?
+** Query or set the enable flag
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "enable")==0 ){
+int ii;
+if( nCmd>2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+ii = nCmd==1 ? -1 : booleanValue(azCmd[1]);
+if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
+ii = sqlite3session_enable(pSession->p, ii);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"session %s enable flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
+}
+}else
+/* .session filter GLOB ....
+** Set a list of GLOB patterns of table names to be excluded.
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "filter")==0 ){
+int ii;
+i64 nByte;
+if( nCmd<2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
+for(ii=0; ii<pSession->nFilter; ii++){
+sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter[ii]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(pSession->azFilter);
+nByte = sizeof(pSession->azFilter[0])*(nCmd-1);
+pSession->azFilter = sqlite3_malloc64( nByte );
+shell_check_oom( pSession->azFilter );
+for(ii=1; ii<nCmd; ii++){
+char *x = pSession->azFilter[ii-1] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", azCmd[ii]);
+shell_check_oom(x);
+}
+pSession->nFilter = ii-1;
+}
+}else
+/* .session indirect ?BOOLEAN?
+** Query or set the indirect flag
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "indirect")==0 ){
+int ii;
+if( nCmd>2 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+ii = nCmd==1 ? -1 : booleanValue(azCmd[1]);
+if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
+ii = sqlite3session_indirect(pSession->p, ii);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"session %s indirect flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
+}
+}else
+/* .session isempty
+** Determine if the session is empty
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0], "isempty")==0 ){
+int ii;
+if( nCmd!=1 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+if( pAuxDb->nSession ){
+ii = sqlite3session_isempty(pSession->p);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"session %s isempty flag = %d\n", pSession->zName, ii);
+}
+}else
+/* .session list
+** List all currently open sessions
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"list")==0 ){
+for(i=0; i<pAuxDb->nSession; i++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d %s\n", i, pAuxDb->aSession[i].zName);
+}
+}else
+/* .session open DB NAME
+** Open a new session called NAME on the attached database DB.
+** DB is normally "main".
+*/
+if( cli_strcmp(azCmd[0],"open")==0 ){
+char *zName;
+if( nCmd!=3 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+zName = azCmd[2];
+if( zName[0]==0 ) goto session_syntax_error;
+for(i=0; i<pAuxDb->nSession; i++){
+if( cli_strcmp(pAuxDb->aSession[i].zName,zName)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Session \"%s\" already exists\n", zName);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( pAuxDb->nSession>=ArraySize(pAuxDb->aSession) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Maximum of %d sessions\n", ArraySize(pAuxDb->aSession));
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+pSession = &pAuxDb->aSession[pAuxDb->nSession];
+rc = sqlite3session_create(p->db, azCmd[1], &pSession->p);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Cannot open session: error code=%d\n", rc);
+rc = 0;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+pSession->nFilter = 0;
+sqlite3session_table_filter(pSession->p, session_filter, pSession);
+pAuxDb->nSession++;
+pSession->zName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zName);
+shell_check_oom(pSession->zName);
+}else
+/* If no command name matches, show a syntax error */
+session_syntax_error:
+showHelp(p->out, "session");
+}else
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+/* Undocumented commands for internal testing.  Subject to change
+** without notice. */
+if( c=='s' && n>=10 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "selftest-", 9)==0 ){
+if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0]+9, "boolean", n-9)==0 ){
+int i, v;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+v = booleanValue(azArg[i]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s: %d 0x%x\n", azArg[i], v, v);
+}
+}
+if( cli_strncmp(azArg[0]+9, "integer", n-9)==0 ){
+int i; sqlite3_int64 v;
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+char zBuf[200];
+v = integerValue(azArg[i]);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf),zBuf,"%s: %lld 0x%llx\n", azArg[i],v,v);
+sqlite3_fputs(zBuf, p->out);
+}
+}
+}else
+#endif
+if( c=='s' && n>=4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"selftest",n)==0 ){
+int bIsInit = 0;         /* True to initialize the SELFTEST table */
+int bVerbose = 0;        /* Verbose output */
+int bSelftestExists;     /* True if SELFTEST already exists */
+int i, k;                /* Loop counters */
+int nTest = 0;           /* Number of tests runs */
+int nErr = 0;            /* Number of errors seen */
+ShellText str;           /* Answer for a query */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0; /* Query against the SELFTEST table */
+open_db(p,0);
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+const char *z = azArg[i];
+if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"-init")==0 ){
+bIsInit = 1;
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
+bVerbose++;
+}else
+{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n", azArg[i], azArg[0]);
+sqlite3_fputs("Should be one of: --init -v\n", stderr);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+if( sqlite3_table_column_metadata(p->db,"main","selftest",0,0,0,0,0,0)
+!= SQLITE_OK ){
+bSelftestExists = 0;
+}else{
+bSelftestExists = 1;
+}
+if( bIsInit ){
+createSelftestTable(p);
+bSelftestExists = 1;
+}
+initText(&str);
+appendText(&str, "x", 0);
+for(k=bSelftestExists; k>=0; k--){
+if( k==1 ){
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"SELECT tno,op,cmd,ans FROM selftest ORDER BY tno",
+-1, &pStmt, 0);
+}else{
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db,
+"VALUES(0,'memo','Missing SELFTEST table - default checks only',''),"
+"      (1,'run','PRAGMA integrity_check','ok')",
+-1, &pStmt, 0);
+}
+if( rc ){
+eputz("Error querying the selftest table\n");
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+for(i=1; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; i++){
+int tno = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
+const char *zOp = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
+const char *zSql = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 2);
+const char *zAns = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 3);
+if( zOp==0 ) continue;
+if( zSql==0 ) continue;
+if( zAns==0 ) continue;
+k = 0;
+if( bVerbose>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%d: %s %s\n", tno, zOp, zSql);
+}
+if( cli_strcmp(zOp,"memo")==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(zOp,"run")==0 ){
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+str.n = 0;
+str.zTxt[0] = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, captureOutputCallback, &str, &zErrMsg);
+nTest++;
+if( bVerbose ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "Result: %s\n", str.zTxt);
+}
+if( rc || zErrMsg ){
+nErr++;
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d: error-code-%d: %s\n", tno, rc,zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zAns,str.zTxt)!=0 ){
+nErr++;
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d: Expected: [%s]\n", tno, zAns);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d:      Got: [%s]\n", tno, str.zTxt);
+}
+}
+else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Unknown operation \"%s\" on selftest line %d\n", zOp, tno);
+rc = 1;
+break;
+}
+} /* End loop over rows of content from SELFTEST */
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+} /* End loop over k */
+freeText(&str);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d errors out of %d tests\n", nErr, nTest);
+}else
+if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "separator", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg<2 || nArg>3 ){
+eputz("Usage: .separator COL ?ROW?\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+if( nArg>=2 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->colSeparator), p->colSeparator,
+"%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->colSeparator)-1, azArg[1]);
+}
+if( nArg>=3 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->rowSeparator), p->rowSeparator,
+"%.*s", (int)ArraySize(p->rowSeparator)-1, azArg[2]);
+}
+}else
+if( c=='s' && n>=4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"sha3sum",n)==0 ){
+const char *zLike = 0;   /* Which table to checksum. 0 means everything */
+int i;                   /* Loop counter */
+int bSchema = 0;         /* Also hash the schema */
+int bSeparate = 0;       /* Hash each table separately */
+int iSize = 224;         /* Hash algorithm to use */
+int bDebug = 0;          /* Only show the query that would have run */
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;     /* For querying tables names */
+char *zSql;              /* SQL to be run */
+char *zSep;              /* Separator */
+ShellText sSql;          /* Complete SQL for the query to run the hash */
+ShellText sQuery;        /* Set of queries used to read all content */
+open_db(p, 0);
+for(i=1; i<nArg; i++){
+const char *z = azArg[i];
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+z++;
+if( z[0]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"schema")==0 ){
+bSchema = 1;
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"sha3-224")==0 || cli_strcmp(z,"sha3-256")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(z,"sha3-384")==0 || cli_strcmp(z,"sha3-512")==0
+){
+iSize = atoi(&z[5]);
+}else
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"debug")==0 ){
+bDebug = 1;
+}else
+{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Unknown option \"%s\" on \"%s\"\n", azArg[i], azArg[0]);
+showHelp(p->out, azArg[0]);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else if( zLike ){
+eputz("Usage: .sha3sum ?OPTIONS? ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}else{
+zLike = z;
+bSeparate = 1;
+if( sqlite3_strlike("sqlite\\_%", zLike, '\\')==0 ) bSchema = 1;
+}
+}
+if( bSchema ){
+zSql = "SELECT lower(name) as tname FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE type='table' AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>1"
+" UNION ALL SELECT 'sqlite_schema'"
+" ORDER BY 1 collate nocase";
+}else{
+zSql = "SELECT lower(name) as tname FROM sqlite_schema"
+" WHERE type='table' AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>1"
+" AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite__%' ESCAPE '_'"
+" ORDER BY 1 collate nocase";
+}
+sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+initText(&sQuery);
+initText(&sSql);
+appendText(&sSql, "WITH [sha3sum$query](a,b) AS(",0);
+zSep = "VALUES(";
+while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+const char *zTab = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
+if( zTab==0 ) continue;
+if( zLike && sqlite3_strlike(zLike, zTab, 0)!=0 ) continue;
+if( cli_strncmp(zTab, "sqlite_",7)!=0 ){
+appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT * FROM ", 0);
+appendText(&sQuery,zTab,'"');
+appendText(&sQuery," NOT INDEXED;", 0);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_schema")==0 ){
+appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT type,name,tbl_name,sql FROM sqlite_schema"
+" ORDER BY name;", 0);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_sequence")==0 ){
+appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT name,seq FROM sqlite_sequence"
+" ORDER BY name;", 0);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_stat1")==0 ){
+appendText(&sQuery,"SELECT tbl,idx,stat FROM sqlite_stat1"
+" ORDER BY tbl,idx;", 0);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(zTab, "sqlite_stat4")==0 ){
+appendText(&sQuery, "SELECT * FROM ", 0);
+appendText(&sQuery, zTab, 0);
+appendText(&sQuery, " ORDER BY tbl, idx, rowid;\n", 0);
+}
+appendText(&sSql, zSep, 0);
+appendText(&sSql, sQuery.zTxt, '\'');
+sQuery.n = 0;
+appendText(&sSql, ",", 0);
+appendText(&sSql, zTab, '\'');
+zSep = "),(";
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( bSeparate ){
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"%s))"
+" SELECT lower(hex(sha3_query(a,%d))) AS hash, b AS label"
+"   FROM [sha3sum$query]",
+sSql.zTxt, iSize);
+}else{
+zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+"%s))"
+" SELECT lower(hex(sha3_query(group_concat(a,''),%d))) AS hash"
+"   FROM [sha3sum$query]",
+sSql.zTxt, iSize);
+}
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+freeText(&sQuery);
+freeText(&sSql);
+if( bDebug ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zSql);
+}else{
+shell_exec(p, zSql, 0);
+}
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
+{
+int lrc;
+char *zRevText = /* Query for reversible to-blob-to-text check */
+"SELECT lower(name) as tname FROM sqlite_schema\n"
+"WHERE type='table' AND coalesce(rootpage,0)>1\n"
+"AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite__%%' ESCAPE '_'%s\n"
+"ORDER BY 1 collate nocase";
+zRevText = sqlite3_mprintf(zRevText, zLike? " AND name LIKE $tspec" : "");
+zRevText = sqlite3_mprintf(
+/* lower-case query is first run, producing upper-case query. */
+"with tabcols as materialized(\n"
+"select tname, cname\n"
+"from ("
+" select printf('\"%%w\"',ss.tname) as tname,"
+" printf('\"%%w\"',ti.name) as cname\n"
+" from (%z) ss\n inner join pragma_table_info(tname) ti))\n"
+"select 'SELECT total(bad_text_count) AS bad_text_count\n"
+"FROM ('||group_concat(query, ' UNION ALL ')||')' as btc_query\n"
+" from (select 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS bad_text_count\n"
+"FROM '||tname||' WHERE '\n"
+"||group_concat('CAST(CAST('||cname||' AS BLOB) AS TEXT)<>'||cname\n"
+"|| ' AND typeof('||cname||')=''text'' ',\n"
+"' OR ') as query, tname from tabcols group by tname)"
+, zRevText);
+shell_check_oom(zRevText);
+if( bDebug ) sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zRevText);
+lrc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zRevText, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( lrc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+/* assert(lrc==SQLITE_NOMEM); // might also be SQLITE_ERROR if the
+** user does cruel and unnatural things like ".limit expr_depth 0". */
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+if( zLike ) sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt,1,zLike,-1,SQLITE_STATIC);
+lrc = SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+if( lrc ){
+const char *zGenQuery = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
+sqlite3_stmt *pCheckStmt;
+lrc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, zGenQuery, -1, &pCheckStmt, 0);
+if( bDebug ) sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zGenQuery);
+if( lrc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = 1;
+}else{
+if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pCheckStmt) ){
+double countIrreversible = sqlite3_column_double(pCheckStmt, 0);
+if( countIrreversible>0 ){
+int sz = (int)(countIrreversible + 0.5);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Digest includes %d invalidly encoded text field%s.\n",
+sz, (sz>1)? "s": "");
+}
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pCheckStmt);
+}
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+}
+}
+if( rc ) eputz(".sha3sum failed.\n");
+sqlite3_free(zRevText);
+}
+#endif /* !defined(*_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) && !defined(*_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) */
+sqlite3_free(zSql);
+}else
+#if !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+if( c=='s'
+&& (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "shell", n)==0
+|| cli_strncmp(azArg[0],"system",n)==0)
+){
+char *zCmd;
+int i, x;
+failIfSafeMode(p, "cannot run .%s in safe mode", azArg[0]);
+if( nArg<2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .system COMMAND\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf(strchr(azArg[1],' ')==0?"%s":"\"%s\"", azArg[1]);
+for(i=2; i<nArg && zCmd!=0; i++){
+zCmd = sqlite3_mprintf(strchr(azArg[i],' ')==0?"%z %s":"%z \"%s\"",
+zCmd, azArg[i]);
+}
+/*consoleRestore();*/
+x = zCmd!=0 ? system(zCmd) : 1;
+/*consoleRenewSetup();*/
+sqlite3_free(zCmd);
+if( x ) sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"System command returns %d\n", x);
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_NOHAVE_SYSTEM) && !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "show", n)==0 ){
+static const char *azBool[] = { "off", "on", "trigger", "full"};
+const char *zOut;
+int i;
+if( nArg!=1 ){
+eputz("Usage: .show\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","echo",
+azBool[ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo)]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","eqp", azBool[p->autoEQP&3]);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","explain",
+p->mode==MODE_Explain ? "on" : p->autoExplain ? "auto" : "off");
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","headers",
+azBool[p->showHeader!=0]);
+if( p->mode==MODE_Column
+|| (p->mode>=MODE_Markdown && p->mode<=MODE_Box)
+){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"%12.12s: %s --wrap %d --wordwrap %s --%squote\n", "mode",
+modeDescr[p->mode], p->cmOpts.iWrap,
+p->cmOpts.bWordWrap ? "on" : "off",
+p->cmOpts.bQuote ? "" : "no");
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","mode", modeDescr[p->mode]);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "nullvalue");
+output_c_string(p->out, p->nullValue);
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","output",
+strlen30(p->outfile) ? p->outfile : "stdout");
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "colseparator");
+output_c_string(p->out, p->colSeparator);
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "rowseparator");
+output_c_string(p->out, p->rowSeparator);
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+switch( p->statsOn ){
+case 0:  zOut = "off";     break;
+default: zOut = "on";      break;
+case 2:  zOut = "stmt";    break;
+case 3:  zOut = "vmstep";  break;
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n","stats", zOut);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: ", "width");
+for (i=0;i<p->nWidth;i++) {
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d ", p->colWidth[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%12.12s: %s\n", "filename",
+p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename ? p->pAuxDb->zDbFilename : "");
+}else
+if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "stats", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"stmt")==0 ){
+p->statsOn = 2;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1],"vmstep")==0 ){
+p->statsOn = 3;
+}else{
+p->statsOn = (u8)booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+}
+}else if( nArg==1 ){
+display_stats(p->db, p, 0);
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .stats ?on|off|stmt|vmstep?\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+if( (c=='t' && n>1 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "tables", n)==0)
+|| (c=='i' && (cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "indices", n)==0
+|| cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "indexes", n)==0) )
+){
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+char **azResult;
+int nRow, nAlloc;
+int ii;
+ShellText s;
+initText(&s);
+open_db(p, 0);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, "PRAGMA database_list", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+if( rc ){
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+return shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+}
+if( nArg>2 && c=='i' ){
+/* It is an historical accident that the .indexes command shows an error
+** when called with the wrong number of arguments whereas the .tables
+** command does not. */
+eputz("Usage: .indexes ?LIKE-PATTERN?\n");
+rc = 1;
+sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+for(ii=0; sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW; ii++){
+const char *zDbName = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
+if( zDbName==0 ) continue;
+if( s.zTxt && s.zTxt[0] ) appendText(&s, " UNION ALL ", 0);
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zDbName, "main")==0 ){
+appendText(&s, "SELECT name FROM ", 0);
+}else{
+appendText(&s, "SELECT ", 0);
+appendText(&s, zDbName, '\'');
+appendText(&s, "||'.'||name FROM ", 0);
+}
+appendText(&s, zDbName, '"');
+appendText(&s, ".sqlite_schema ", 0);
+if( c=='t' ){
+appendText(&s," WHERE type IN ('table','view')"
+"   AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite__%' ESCAPE '_'"
+"   AND name LIKE ?1", 0);
+}else{
+appendText(&s," WHERE type='index'"
+"   AND tbl_name LIKE ?1", 0);
+}
+}
+rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+appendText(&s, " ORDER BY 1", 0);
+rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->db, s.zTxt, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+}
+freeText(&s);
+if( rc ) return shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+/* Run the SQL statement prepared by the above block. Store the results
+** as an array of nul-terminated strings in azResult[].  */
+nRow = nAlloc = 0;
+azResult = 0;
+if( nArg>1 ){
+sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, azArg[1], -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}else{
+sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, "%", -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
+}
+while( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+if( nRow>=nAlloc ){
+char **azNew;
+sqlite3_int64 n2 = 2*(sqlite3_int64)nAlloc + 10;
+azNew = sqlite3_realloc64(azResult, sizeof(azResult[0])*n2);
+shell_check_oom(azNew);
+nAlloc = (int)n2;
+azResult = azNew;
+}
+azResult[nRow] = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0));
+shell_check_oom(azResult[nRow]);
+nRow++;
+}
+if( sqlite3_finalize(pStmt)!=SQLITE_OK ){
+rc = shellDatabaseError(p->db);
+}
+/* Pretty-print the contents of array azResult[] to the output */
+if( rc==0 && nRow>0 ){
+int len, maxlen = 0;
+int i, j;
+int nPrintCol, nPrintRow;
+for(i=0; i<nRow; i++){
+len = strlen30(azResult[i]);
+if( len>maxlen ) maxlen = len;
+}
+nPrintCol = 80/(maxlen+2);
+if( nPrintCol<1 ) nPrintCol = 1;
+nPrintRow = (nRow + nPrintCol - 1)/nPrintCol;
+for(i=0; i<nPrintRow; i++){
+for(j=i; j<nRow; j+=nPrintRow){
+char *zSp = j<nPrintRow ? "" : "  ";
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"%s%-*s", zSp, maxlen, azResult[j] ? azResult[j]:"");
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+}
+}
+for(ii=0; ii<nRow; ii++) sqlite3_free(azResult[ii]);
+sqlite3_free(azResult);
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* Begin redirecting output to the file "testcase-out.txt" */
+if( c=='t' && cli_strcmp(azArg[0],"testcase")==0 ){
+output_reset(p);
+p->out = output_file_open("testcase-out.txt");
+if( p->out==0 ){
+eputz("Error: cannot open 'testcase-out.txt'\n");
+}
+if( nArg>=2 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->zTestcase), p->zTestcase, "%s", azArg[1]);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(p->zTestcase), p->zTestcase, "?");
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE) */
+#ifndef SQLITE_UNTESTABLE
+if( c=='t' && n>=8 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "testctrl", n)==0 ){
+static const struct {
+const char *zCtrlName;   /* Name of a test-control option */
+int ctrlCode;            /* Integer code for that option */
+int unSafe;              /* Not valid unless --unsafe-testing */
+const char *zUsage;      /* Usage notes */
+} aCtrl[] = {
+{"always",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS, 1,     "BOOLEAN"         },
+{"assert",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT, 1,     "BOOLEAN"         },
+/*{"benign_malloc_hooks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS,1, ""        },*/
+{"bitvec_test",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST, 1, "SIZE INT-ARRAY"},
+{"byteorder",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER, 0,  ""                },
+{"extra_schema_checks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS,0,"BOOLEAN"  },
+{"fault_install",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL, 1,"args..."       },
+{"fk_no_action",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION, 0, "BOOLEAN"       },
+{"imposter",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER,1,"SCHEMA ON/OFF ROOTPAGE"},
+{"internal_functions", SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS,0,""          },
+{"json_selfcheck",     SQLITE_TESTCTRL_JSON_SELFCHECK ,0,"BOOLEAN"      },
+{"localtime_fault",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT,0,"BOOLEAN"      },
+{"never_corrupt",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT,1, "BOOLEAN"       },
+{"optimizations",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,0,"DISABLE-MASK ..."},
+#ifdef YYCOVERAGE
+{"parser_coverage",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE,0,""             },
+#endif
+{"pending_byte",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE,1, "OFFSET  "       },
+{"prng_restore",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE,0, ""               },
+{"prng_save",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE,   0, ""               },
+{"prng_seed",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED,   0, "SEED ?db?"      },
+{"seek_count",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT,  0, ""               },
+{"sorter_mmap",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP, 0, "NMAX"           },
+{"tune",               SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE,        1, "ID VALUE"       },
+};
+int testctrl = -1;
+int iCtrl = -1;
+int rc2 = 0;    /* 0: usage.  1: %d  2: %x  3: no-output */
+int isOk = 0;
+int i, n2;
+const char *zCmd = 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+zCmd = nArg>=2 ? azArg[1] : "help";
+/* The argument can optionally begin with "-" or "--" */
+if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ){
+zCmd++;
+if( zCmd[0]=='-' && zCmd[1] ) zCmd++;
+}
+/* --help lists all test-controls */
+if( cli_strcmp(zCmd,"help")==0 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("Available test-controls:\n", p->out);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "  .testctrl %s %s\n",
+aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
+}
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+/* convert testctrl text option to value. allow any unique prefix
+** of the option name, or a numerical value. */
+n2 = strlen30(zCmd);
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
+if( cli_strncmp(zCmd, aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, n2)==0 ){
+if( testctrl<0 ){
+testctrl = aCtrl[i].ctrlCode;
+iCtrl = i;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: ambiguous test-control: \"%s\"\n"
+"Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}
+}
+if( testctrl<0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unknown test-control: %s\n"
+"Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
+}else{
+switch(testctrl){
+/* Special processing for .testctrl opt MASK ...
+** Each MASK argument can be one of:
+**
+**      +LABEL       Enable the named optimization
+**
+**      -LABEL       Disable the named optimization
+**
+**      INTEGER      Mask of optimizations to disable
+*/
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS: {
+static const struct {
+unsigned int mask;    /* Mask for this optimization */
+unsigned int bDsply;  /* Display this on output */
+const char *zLabel;   /* Name of optimization */
+} aLabel[] = {
+{ 0x00000001, 1, "QueryFlattener" },
+{ 0x00000001, 0, "Flatten" },
+{ 0x00000002, 1, "WindowFunc" },
+{ 0x00000004, 1, "GroupByOrder" },
+{ 0x00000008, 1, "FactorOutConst" },
+{ 0x00000010, 1, "DistinctOpt" },
+{ 0x00000020, 1, "CoverIdxScan" },
+{ 0x00000040, 1, "OrderByIdxJoin" },
+{ 0x00000080, 1, "Transitive" },
+{ 0x00000100, 1, "OmitNoopJoin" },
+{ 0x00000200, 1, "CountOfView" },
+{ 0x00000400, 1, "CursorHints" },
+{ 0x00000800, 1, "Stat4" },
+{ 0x00001000, 1, "PushDown" },
+{ 0x00002000, 1, "SimplifyJoin" },
+{ 0x00004000, 1, "SkipScan" },
+{ 0x00008000, 1, "PropagateConst" },
+{ 0x00010000, 1, "MinMaxOpt" },
+{ 0x00020000, 1, "SeekScan" },
+{ 0x00040000, 1, "OmitOrderBy" },
+{ 0x00080000, 1, "BloomFilter" },
+{ 0x00100000, 1, "BloomPulldown" },
+{ 0x00200000, 1, "BalancedMerge" },
+{ 0x00400000, 1, "ReleaseReg" },
+{ 0x00800000, 1, "FlttnUnionAll" },
+{ 0x01000000, 1, "IndexedEXpr" },
+{ 0x02000000, 1, "Coroutines" },
+{ 0x04000000, 1, "NullUnusedCols" },
+{ 0x08000000, 1, "OnePass" },
+{ 0x10000000, 1, "OrderBySubq" },
+{ 0x20000000, 1, "StarQuery" },
+{ 0x40000000, 1, "ExistsToJoin" },
+{ 0xffffffff, 0, "All" },
+};
+unsigned int curOpt;
+unsigned int newOpt;
+unsigned int m;
+int ii;
+int nOff;
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_GETOPT, p->db, &curOpt);
+newOpt = curOpt;
+for(ii=2; ii<nArg; ii++){
+const char *z = azArg[ii];
+int useLabel = 0;
+const char *zLabel = 0;
+if( (z[0]=='+'|| z[0]=='-') && !IsDigit(z[1]) ){
+useLabel = z[0];
+zLabel = &z[1];
+}else if( !IsDigit(z[0]) && z[0]!=0 && !IsDigit(z[1]) ){
+useLabel = '+';
+zLabel = z;
+}else{
+newOpt = (unsigned int)strtol(z,0,0);
+}
+if( useLabel ){
+int jj;
+for(jj=0; jj<ArraySize(aLabel); jj++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zLabel, aLabel[jj].zLabel)==0 ) break;
+}
+if( jj>=ArraySize(aLabel) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Error: no such optimization: \"%s\"\n", zLabel);
+sqlite3_fputs("Should be one of:", stderr);
+for(jj=0; jj<ArraySize(aLabel); jj++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr," %s", aLabel[jj].zLabel);
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", stderr);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+if( useLabel=='+' ){
+newOpt &= ~aLabel[jj].mask;
+}else{
+newOpt |= aLabel[jj].mask;
+}
+}
+}
+if( curOpt!=newOpt ){
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS,p->db,newOpt);
+}
+for(ii=nOff=0, m=1; ii<32; ii++, m <<= 1){
+if( m & newOpt ) nOff++;
+}
+if( nOff<12 ){
+sqlite3_fputs("+All", p->out);
+for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aLabel); ii++){
+if( !aLabel[ii].bDsply  ) continue;
+if( (newOpt & aLabel[ii].mask)!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, " -%s", aLabel[ii].zLabel);
+}
+}
+}else{
+sqlite3_fputs("-All", p->out);
+for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(aLabel); ii++){
+if( !aLabel[ii].bDsply  ) continue;
+if( (newOpt & aLabel[ii].mask)==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, " +%s", aLabel[ii].zLabel);
+}
+}
+}
+sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+rc2 = isOk = 3;
+break;
+}
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int, db, int) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION:
+if( nArg==3 ){
+unsigned int opt = (unsigned int)strtol(azArg[2], 0, 0);
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, opt);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE:
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE:
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER:
+if( nArg==2 ){
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl);
+isOk = testctrl==SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER ? 1 : 3;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int, uint) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE:
+if( nArg==3 ){
+unsigned int opt = (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, opt);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int, int, sqlite3*) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED:
+if( nArg==3 || nArg==4 ){
+int ii = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+sqlite3 *db;
+if( ii==0 && cli_strcmp(azArg[2],"random")==0 ){
+sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(ii),&ii);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "-- random seed: %d\n", ii);
+}
+if( nArg==3 ){
+db = 0;
+}else{
+db = p->db;
+/* Make sure the schema has been loaded */
+sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, 0, "x", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, ii, db);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int, int) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT:
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS:
+if( nArg==3 ){
+int opt = booleanValue(azArg[2]);
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, opt);
+isOk = 1;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(int, int) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT:
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT:
+if( nArg==3 ){
+int opt = booleanValue(azArg[2]);
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, opt);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+/* sqlite3_test_control(sqlite3*) */
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS:
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db);
+isOk = 3;
+break;
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER:
+if( nArg==5 ){
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db,
+azArg[2],
+integerValue(azArg[3]),
+integerValue(azArg[4]));
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT: {
+u64 x = 0;
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, &x);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%llu\n", x);
+isOk = 3;
+break;
+}
+#ifdef YYCOVERAGE
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE: {
+if( nArg==2 ){
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->out);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+}
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE: {
+if( nArg==4 ){
+int id = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+int val = (int)integerValue(azArg[3]);
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, id, &val);
+isOk = 3;
+}else if( nArg==3 ){
+int id = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, -id, &rc2);
+isOk = 1;
+}else if( nArg==2 ){
+int id = 1;
+while(1){
+int val = 0;
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, -id, &val);
+if( rc2!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+if( id>1 ) sqlite3_fputs("  ", p->out);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d: %d", id, val);
+id++;
+}
+if( id>1 ) sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+}
+#endif
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP:
+if( nArg==3 ){
+int opt = (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, opt);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+break;
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_JSON_SELFCHECK:
+if( nArg==2 ){
+rc2 = -1;
+isOk = 1;
+}else{
+rc2 = booleanValue(azArg[2]);
+isOk = 3;
+}
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, &rc2);
+break;
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST: {
+/* Examples:
+**   .testctrl bitvec_test 100   6,1       -- Show BITVEC constants
+**   .testctrl bitvec_test 1000  1,12,7,3  -- Simple test
+**                         ----  --------
+**      size of Bitvec -----^        ^---  aOp array. 0 added at end.
+**
+** See comments on sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest() for more information
+** about the aOp[] array.
+*/
+int iSize;
+const char *zTestArg;
+int nOp;
+int ii, jj, x;
+int *aOp;
+if( nArg!=4 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"ERROR - should be:  \".testctrl bitvec_test SIZE  INT-ARRAY\"\n"
+);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+isOk = 3;
+iSize = (int)integerValue(azArg[2]);
+zTestArg = azArg[3];
+nOp = (int)strlen(zTestArg)+1;
+aOp = malloc( sizeof(int)*(nOp+1) );
+shell_check_oom(aOp);
+memset(aOp, 0, sizeof(int)*(nOp+1) );
+for(ii = jj = x = 0; zTestArg[ii]!=0; ii++){
+if( IsDigit(zTestArg[ii]) ){
+x = x*10 + zTestArg[ii] - '0';
+}else{
+aOp[jj++] = x;
+x = 0;
+}
+}
+aOp[jj] = x;
+x = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, iSize, aOp);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "result: %d\n", x);
+free(aOp);
+break;
+}
+case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL: {
+int kk;
+int bShowHelp = nArg<=2;
+isOk = 3;
+for(kk=2; kk<nArg; kk++){
+const char *z = azArg[kk];
+if( z[0]=='-' && z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"off")==0 ){
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, 0);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"on")==0 ){
+faultsim_state.iCnt = faultsim_state.nSkip;
+if( faultsim_state.iErr==0 ) faultsim_state.iErr = 1;
+faultsim_state.nHit = 0;
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, faultsim_callback);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"reset")==0 ){
+faultsim_state.iCnt = faultsim_state.nSkip;
+faultsim_state.nHit = 0;
+sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, faultsim_callback);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"status")==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.iId:       %d\n",
+faultsim_state.iId);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.iErr:      %d\n",
+faultsim_state.iErr);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.iCnt:      %d\n",
+faultsim_state.iCnt);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.nHit:      %d\n",
+faultsim_state.nHit);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.iInterval: %d\n",
+faultsim_state.iInterval);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.eVerbose:  %d\n",
+faultsim_state.eVerbose);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.nRepeat:   %d\n",
+faultsim_state.nRepeat);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "faultsim.nSkip:     %d\n",
+faultsim_state.nSkip);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
+if( faultsim_state.eVerbose<2 ) faultsim_state.eVerbose++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-q")==0 ){
+if( faultsim_state.eVerbose>0 ) faultsim_state.eVerbose--;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-id")==0 && kk+1<nArg ){
+faultsim_state.iId = atoi(azArg[++kk]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-errcode")==0 && kk+1<nArg ){
+faultsim_state.iErr = atoi(azArg[++kk]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interval")==0 && kk+1<nArg ){
+faultsim_state.iInterval = atoi(azArg[++kk]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-repeat")==0 && kk+1<nArg ){
+faultsim_state.nRepeat = atoi(azArg[++kk]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-skip")==0 && kk+1<nArg ){
+faultsim_state.nSkip = atoi(azArg[++kk]);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-?")==0 || sqlite3_strglob("*help*",z)==0){
+bShowHelp = 1;
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Unrecognized fault_install argument: \"%s\"\n",
+azArg[kk]);
+rc = 1;
+bShowHelp = 1;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( bShowHelp ){
+sqlite3_fputs(
+"Usage: .testctrl fault_install ARGS\n"
+"Possible arguments:\n"
+"   off               Disable faultsim\n"
+"   on                Activate faultsim\n"
+"   reset             Reset the trigger counter\n"
+"   status            Show current status\n"
+"   -v                Increase verbosity\n"
+"   -q                Decrease verbosity\n"
+"   --errcode N       When triggered, return N as error code\n"
+"   --id ID           Trigger only for the ID specified\n"
+"   --interval N      Trigger only after every N-th call\n"
+"   --repeat N        Turn off after N hits.  0 means never\n"
+"   --skip N          Skip the first N encounters\n"
+,p->out
+);
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+if( isOk==0 && iCtrl>=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out,
+"Usage: .testctrl %s %s\n", zCmd,aCtrl[iCtrl].zUsage);
+rc = 1;
+}else if( isOk==1 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%d\n", rc2);
+}else if( isOk==2 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "0x%08x\n", rc2);
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_UNTESTABLE) */
+if( c=='t' && n>4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "timeout", n)==0 ){
+open_db(p, 0);
+sqlite3_busy_timeout(p->db, nArg>=2 ? (int)integerValue(azArg[1]) : 0);
+}else
+if( c=='t' && n>=5 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "timer", n)==0 ){
+if( nArg==2 ){
+enableTimer = booleanValue(azArg[1]);
+if( enableTimer && !HAS_TIMER ){
+eputz("Error: timer not available on this system.\n");
+enableTimer = 0;
+}
+}else{
+eputz("Usage: .timer on|off\n");
+rc = 1;
+}
+}else
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
+if( c=='t' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "trace", n)==0 ){
+int mType = 0;
+int jj;
+open_db(p, 0);
+for(jj=1; jj<nArg; jj++){
+const char *z = azArg[jj];
+if( z[0]=='-' ){
+if( optionMatch(z, "expanded") ){
+p->eTraceType = SHELL_TRACE_EXPANDED;
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
+else if( optionMatch(z, "normalized") ){
+p->eTraceType = SHELL_TRACE_NORMALIZED;
+}
+#endif
+else if( optionMatch(z, "plain") ){
+p->eTraceType = SHELL_TRACE_PLAIN;
+}
+else if( optionMatch(z, "profile") ){
+mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE;
+}
+else if( optionMatch(z, "row") ){
+mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_ROW;
+}
+else if( optionMatch(z, "stmt") ){
+mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_STMT;
+}
+else if( optionMatch(z, "close") ){
+mType |= SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE;
+}
+else {
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Unknown option \"%s\" on \".trace\"\n", z);
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+}else{
+output_file_close(p->traceOut);
+p->traceOut = output_file_open(z);
+}
+}
+if( p->traceOut==0 ){
+sqlite3_trace_v2(p->db, 0, 0, 0);
+}else{
+if( mType==0 ) mType = SQLITE_TRACE_STMT;
+sqlite3_trace_v2(p->db, mType, sql_trace_callback, p);
+}
+}else
+#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE) */
+#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
+if( c=='u' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "unmodule", n)==0 ){
+int ii;
+int lenOpt;
+char *zOpt;
+if( nArg<2 ){
+eputz("Usage: .unmodule [--allexcept] NAME ...\n");
+rc = 1;
+goto meta_command_exit;
+}
+open_db(p, 0);
+zOpt = azArg[1];
+if( zOpt[0]=='-' && zOpt[1]=='-' && zOpt[2]!=0 ) zOpt++;
+lenOpt = (int)strlen(zOpt);
+if( lenOpt>=3 && cli_strncmp(zOpt, "-allexcept",lenOpt)==0 ){
+assert( azArg[nArg]==0 );
+sqlite3_drop_modules(p->db, nArg>2 ? (const char**)(azArg+2) : 0);
+}else{
+for(ii=1; ii<nArg; ii++){
+sqlite3_create_module(p->db, azArg[ii], 0, 0);
+}
+}
+}else
+#endif
+if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "version", n)==0 ){
+char *zPtrSz = sizeof(void*)==8 ? "64-bit" : "32-bit";
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "SQLite %s %s\n" /*extra-version-info*/,
+sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
+#if SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "zlib version %s\n", zlibVersion());
+#endif
+#define CTIMEOPT_VAL_(opt) #opt
+#define CTIMEOPT_VAL(opt) CTIMEOPT_VAL_(opt)
+#if defined(__clang__) && defined(__clang_major__)
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "clang-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_major__) "."
+CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_minor__) "."
+CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_patchlevel__) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "msvc-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(_MSC_VER) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__VERSION__)
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "gcc-" __VERSION__ " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
+#endif
+}else
+if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfsinfo", n)==0 ){
+const char *zDbName = nArg==2 ? azArg[1] : "main";
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = 0;
+if( p->db ){
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDbName, SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER, &pVfs);
+if( pVfs ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.zName      = \"%s\"\n", pVfs->zName);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
+}
+}
+}else
+if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfslist", n)==0 ){
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;
+sqlite3_vfs *pCurrent = 0;
+if( p->db ){
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, "main", SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER, &pCurrent);
+}
+for(pVfs=sqlite3_vfs_find(0); pVfs; pVfs=pVfs->pNext){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.zName      = \"%s\"%s\n", pVfs->zName,
+pVfs==pCurrent ? "  <--- CURRENT" : "");
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.iVersion   = %d\n", pVfs->iVersion);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.szOsFile   = %d\n", pVfs->szOsFile);
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "vfs.mxPathname = %d\n", pVfs->mxPathname);
+if( pVfs->pNext ){
+sqlite3_fputs("-----------------------------------\n", p->out);
+}
+}
+}else
+if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "vfsname", n)==0 ){
+const char *zDbName = nArg==2 ? azArg[1] : "main";
+char *zVfsName = 0;
+if( p->db ){
+sqlite3_file_control(p->db, zDbName, SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME, &zVfsName);
+if( zVfsName ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zVfsName);
+sqlite3_free(zVfsName);
+}
+}
+}else
+if( c=='w' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "wheretrace", n)==0 ){
+unsigned int x = nArg>=2? (unsigned int)integerValue(azArg[1]) : 0xffffffff;
+sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 3, &x);
+}else
+if( c=='w' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "width", n)==0 ){
+int j;
+assert( nArg<=ArraySize(azArg) );
+p->nWidth = nArg-1;
+p->colWidth = realloc(p->colWidth, (p->nWidth+1)*sizeof(int)*2);
+if( p->colWidth==0 && p->nWidth>0 ) shell_out_of_memory();
+if( p->nWidth ) p->actualWidth = &p->colWidth[p->nWidth];
+for(j=1; j<nArg; j++){
+i64 w = integerValue(azArg[j]);
+if( w < -30000 ) w = -30000;
+if( w > +30000 ) w = +30000;
+p->colWidth[j-1] = (int)w;
+}
+}else
+{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unknown command or invalid arguments: "
+" \"%s\". Enter \".help\" for help\n", azArg[0]);
+rc = 1;
+}
+meta_command_exit:
+if( p->outCount ){
+p->outCount--;
+if( p->outCount==0 ) output_reset(p);
+}
+p->bSafeMode = p->bSafeModePersist;
+return rc;
+}
+/* Line scan result and intermediate states (supporting scan resumption)
+*/
+#ifndef CHAR_BIT
+# define CHAR_BIT 8
+#endif
+typedef enum {
+QSS_HasDark = 1<<CHAR_BIT, QSS_EndingSemi = 2<<CHAR_BIT,
+QSS_CharMask = (1<<CHAR_BIT)-1, QSS_ScanMask = 3<<CHAR_BIT,
+QSS_Start = 0
+} QuickScanState;
+#define QSS_SETV(qss, newst) ((newst) | ((qss) & QSS_ScanMask))
+#define QSS_INPLAIN(qss) (((qss)&QSS_CharMask)==QSS_Start)
+#define QSS_PLAINWHITE(qss) (((qss)&~QSS_EndingSemi)==QSS_Start)
+#define QSS_PLAINDARK(qss) (((qss)&~QSS_EndingSemi)==QSS_HasDark)
+#define QSS_SEMITERM(qss) (((qss)&~QSS_HasDark)==QSS_EndingSemi)
+/*
+** Scan line for classification to guide shell's handling.
+** The scan is resumable for subsequent lines when prior
+** return values are passed as the 2nd argument.
+*/
+static QuickScanState quickscan(char *zLine, QuickScanState qss,
+SCAN_TRACKER_REFTYPE pst){
+char cin;
+char cWait = (char)qss; /* intentional narrowing loss */
+if( cWait==0 ){
+PlainScan:
+while( (cin = *zLine++)!=0 ){
+if( IsSpace(cin) )
+continue;
+switch (cin){
+case '-':
+if( *zLine!='-' )
+break;
+while((cin = *++zLine)!=0 )
+if( cin=='\n')
+goto PlainScan;
+return qss;
+case ';':
+qss |= QSS_EndingSemi;
+continue;
+case '/':
+if( *zLine=='*' ){
+++zLine;
+cWait = '*';
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITS(pst, "/*");
+qss = QSS_SETV(qss, cWait);
+goto TermScan;
+}
+break;
+case '[':
+cin = ']';
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case '`': case '\'': case '"':
+cWait = cin;
+qss = QSS_HasDark | cWait;
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITC(pst, cin);
+goto TermScan;
+case '(':
+CONTINUE_PAREN_INCR(pst, 1);
+break;
+case ')':
+CONTINUE_PAREN_INCR(pst, -1);
+break;
+default:
+break;
+}
+qss = (qss & ~QSS_EndingSemi) | QSS_HasDark;
+}
+}else{
+TermScan:
+while( (cin = *zLine++)!=0 ){
+if( cin==cWait ){
+switch( cWait ){
+case '*':
+if( *zLine != '/' )
+continue;
+++zLine;
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITC(pst, 0);
+qss = QSS_SETV(qss, 0);
+goto PlainScan;
+case '`': case '\'': case '"':
+if(*zLine==cWait){
+/* Swallow doubled end-delimiter.*/
+++zLine;
+continue;
+}
+deliberate_fall_through; /* FALLTHRU */
+case ']':
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_AWAITC(pst, 0);
+qss = QSS_SETV(qss, 0);
+goto PlainScan;
+default: assert(0);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+return qss;
+}
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the line typed in is an SQL command terminator other
+** than a semi-colon.  The SQL Server style "go" command is understood
+** as is the Oracle "/".
+*/
+static int line_is_command_terminator(char *zLine){
+while( IsSpace(zLine[0]) ){ zLine++; };
+if( zLine[0]=='/' )
+zLine += 1; /* Oracle */
+else if ( ToLower(zLine[0])=='g' && ToLower(zLine[1])=='o' )
+zLine += 2; /* SQL Server */
+else
+return 0;
+return quickscan(zLine, QSS_Start, 0)==QSS_Start;
+}
+/*
+** The CLI needs a working sqlite3_complete() to work properly.  So error
+** out of the build if compiling with SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE
+# error the CLI application is incompatible with SQLITE_OMIT_COMPLETE.
+#endif
+/*
+** Return true if zSql is a complete SQL statement.  Return false if it
+** ends in the middle of a string literal or C-style comment.
+*/
+static int line_is_complete(char *zSql, int nSql){
+int rc;
+if( zSql==0 ) return 1;
+zSql[nSql] = ';';
+zSql[nSql+1] = 0;
+rc = sqlite3_complete(zSql);
+zSql[nSql] = 0;
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** This function is called after processing each line of SQL in the
+** runOneSqlLine() function. Its purpose is to detect scenarios where
+** defensive mode should be automatically turned off. Specifically, when
+**
+**   1. The first line of input is "PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;",
+**   2. The second line of input is "BEGIN TRANSACTION;",
+**   3. The database is empty, and
+**   4. The shell is not running in --safe mode.
+**
+** The implementation uses the ShellState.eRestoreState to maintain state:
+**
+**    0: Have not seen any SQL.
+**    1: Have seen "PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;".
+**    2-6: Currently running .dump transaction. If the "2" bit is set,
+**         disable DEFENSIVE when done. If "4" is set, disable DQS_DDL.
+**    7: Nothing left to do. This function becomes a no-op.
+*/
+static int doAutoDetectRestore(ShellState *p, const char *zSql){
+int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+if( p->eRestoreState<7 ){
+switch( p->eRestoreState ){
+case 0: {
+const char *zExpect = "PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;";
+assert( strlen(zExpect)==24 );
+if( p->bSafeMode==0
+&& strlen(zSql)>=24
+&& memcmp(zSql, zExpect, 25)==0
+){
+p->eRestoreState = 1;
+}else{
+p->eRestoreState = 7;
+}
+break;
+};
+case 1: {
+int bIsDump = 0;
+const char *zExpect = "BEGIN TRANSACTION;";
+assert( strlen(zExpect)==18 );
+if( memcmp(zSql, zExpect, 19)==0 ){
+/* Now check if the database is empty. */
+const char *zQuery = "SELECT 1 FROM sqlite_schema LIMIT 1";
+sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+bIsDump = 1;
+shellPrepare(p->db, &rc, zQuery, &pStmt);
+if( rc==SQLITE_OK && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
+bIsDump = 0;
+}
+shellFinalize(&rc, pStmt);
+}
+if( bIsDump && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+int bDefense = 0;
+int bDqsDdl = 0;
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, -1, &bDefense);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL, -1, &bDqsDdl);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL, 1, 0);
+p->eRestoreState = (bDefense ? 2 : 0) + (bDqsDdl ? 4 : 0);
+}else{
+p->eRestoreState = 7;
+}
+break;
+}
+default: {
+if( sqlite3_get_autocommit(p->db) ){
+if( (p->eRestoreState & 2) ){
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, 1, 0);
+}
+if( (p->eRestoreState & 4) ){
+sqlite3_db_config(p->db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL, 0, 0);
+}
+p->eRestoreState = 7;
+}
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Run a single line of SQL.  Return the number of errors.
+*/
+static int runOneSqlLine(ShellState *p, char *zSql, FILE *in, int startline){
+int rc;
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+open_db(p, 0);
+if( ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_Backslash) ) resolve_backslashes(zSql);
+if( p->flgProgress & SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET ) p->nProgress = 0;
+BEGIN_TIMER;
+rc = shell_exec(p, zSql, &zErrMsg);
+END_TIMER(p->out);
+if( rc || zErrMsg ){
+char zPrefix[100];
+const char *zErrorTail;
+const char *zErrorType;
+if( zErrMsg==0 ){
+zErrorType = "Error";
+zErrorTail = sqlite3_errmsg(p->db);
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zErrMsg, "in prepare, ",12)==0 ){
+zErrorType = "Parse error";
+zErrorTail = &zErrMsg[12];
+}else if( cli_strncmp(zErrMsg, "stepping, ", 10)==0 ){
+zErrorType = "Runtime error";
+zErrorTail = &zErrMsg[10];
+}else{
+zErrorType = "Error";
+zErrorTail = zErrMsg;
+}
+if( in!=0 || !stdin_is_interactive ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zPrefix), zPrefix,
+"%s near line %d:", zErrorType, startline);
+}else{
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zPrefix), zPrefix, "%s:", zErrorType);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s %s\n", zPrefix, zErrorTail);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+zErrMsg = 0;
+return 1;
+}else if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_CountChanges) ){
+char zLineBuf[2000];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLineBuf), zLineBuf,
+"changes: %lld   total_changes: %lld",
+sqlite3_changes64(p->db), sqlite3_total_changes64(p->db));
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zLineBuf);
+}
+if( doAutoDetectRestore(p, zSql) ) return 1;
+return 0;
+}
+static void echo_group_input(ShellState *p, const char *zDo){
+if( ShellHasFlag(p, SHFLG_Echo) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(p->out, "%s\n", zDo);
+fflush(p->out);
+}
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/*
+** Alternate one_input_line() impl for wasm mode. This is not in the primary
+** impl because we need the global shellState and cannot access it from that
+** function without moving lots of code around (creating a larger/messier diff).
+*/
+static char *one_input_line(FILE *in, char *zPrior, int isContinuation){
+/* Parse the next line from shellState.wasm.zInput. */
+const char *zBegin = shellState.wasm.zPos;
+const char *z = zBegin;
+char *zLine = 0;
+i64 nZ = 0;
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(in);
+UNUSED_PARAMETER(isContinuation);
+if(!z || !*z){
+return 0;
+}
+while(*z && IsSpace(*z)) ++z;
+zBegin = z;
+for(; *z && '\n'!=*z; ++nZ, ++z){}
+if(nZ>0 && '\r'==zBegin[nZ-1]){
+--nZ;
+}
+shellState.wasm.zPos = z;
+zLine = realloc(zPrior, nZ+1);
+shell_check_oom(zLine);
+memcpy(zLine, zBegin, nZ);
+zLine[nZ] = 0;
+return zLine;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE */
+/*
+** Read input from *in and process it.  If *in==0 then input
+** is interactive - the user is typing it it.  Otherwise, input
+** is coming from a file or device.  A prompt is issued and history
+** is saved only if input is interactive.  An interrupt signal will
+** cause this routine to exit immediately, unless input is interactive.
+**
+** Return the number of errors.
+*/
+static int process_input(ShellState *p, const char *zSrc){
+char *zLine = 0;          /* A single input line */
+char *zSql = 0;           /* Accumulated SQL text */
+i64 nLine;                /* Length of current line */
+i64 nSql = 0;             /* Bytes of zSql[] used */
+i64 nAlloc = 0;           /* Allocated zSql[] space */
+int rc;                   /* Error code */
+int errCnt = 0;           /* Number of errors seen */
+i64 startline = 0;        /* Line number for start of current input */
+QuickScanState qss = QSS_Start; /* Accumulated line status (so far) */
+if( p->inputNesting==MAX_INPUT_NESTING ){
+/* This will be more informative in a later version. */
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s: Input nesting limit (%d) reached at line %lld."
+" Check recursion.\n", zSrc, MAX_INPUT_NESTING, p->lineno);
+return 1;
+}
+++p->inputNesting;
+p->lineno = 0;
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET;
+while( errCnt==0 || !bail_on_error || (p->in==0 && stdin_is_interactive) ){
+fflush(p->out);
+zLine = one_input_line(p->in, zLine, nSql>0);
+if( zLine==0 ){
+/* End of input */
+if( p->in==0 && stdin_is_interactive ) sqlite3_fputs("\n", p->out);
+break;
+}
+if( seenInterrupt ){
+if( p->in!=0 ) break;
+seenInterrupt = 0;
+}
+p->lineno++;
+if( QSS_INPLAIN(qss)
+&& line_is_command_terminator(zLine)
+&& line_is_complete(zSql, nSql) ){
+memcpy(zLine,";",2);
+}
+qss = quickscan(zLine, qss, CONTINUE_PROMPT_PSTATE);
+if( QSS_PLAINWHITE(qss) && nSql==0 ){
+/* Just swallow single-line whitespace */
+echo_group_input(p, zLine);
+qss = QSS_Start;
+continue;
+}
+if( zLine && (zLine[0]=='.' || zLine[0]=='#') && nSql==0 ){
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET;
+echo_group_input(p, zLine);
+if( zLine[0]=='.' ){
+rc = do_meta_command(zLine, p);
+if( rc==2 ){ /* exit requested */
+break;
+}else if( rc ){
+errCnt++;
+}
+}
+qss = QSS_Start;
+continue;
+}
+/* No single-line dispositions remain; accumulate line(s). */
+nLine = strlen(zLine);
+if( nSql+nLine+2>=nAlloc ){
+/* Grow buffer by half-again increments when big. */
+nAlloc = nSql+(nSql>>1)+nLine+100;
+zSql = realloc(zSql, nAlloc);
+shell_check_oom(zSql);
+}
+if( nSql==0 ){
+i64 i;
+for(i=0; zLine[i] && IsSpace(zLine[i]); i++){}
+assert( nAlloc>0 && zSql!=0 );
+memcpy(zSql, zLine+i, nLine+1-i);
+startline = p->lineno;
+nSql = nLine-i;
+}else{
+zSql[nSql++] = '\n';
+memcpy(zSql+nSql, zLine, nLine+1);
+nSql += nLine;
+}
+if( nSql>0x7fff0000 ){
+char zSize[100];
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zSize),zSize,"%,lld",nSql);
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "%s:%lld: Input SQL is too big: %s bytes\n",
+zSrc, startline, zSize);
+nSql = 0;
+errCnt++;
+break;
+}else if( nSql && QSS_SEMITERM(qss) && sqlite3_complete(zSql) ){
+echo_group_input(p, zSql);
+errCnt += runOneSqlLine(p, zSql, p->in, startline);
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET;
+nSql = 0;
+if( p->outCount ){
+output_reset(p);
+p->outCount = 0;
+}else{
+clearTempFile(p);
+}
+p->bSafeMode = p->bSafeModePersist;
+qss = QSS_Start;
+}else if( nSql && QSS_PLAINWHITE(qss) ){
+echo_group_input(p, zSql);
+nSql = 0;
+qss = QSS_Start;
+}
+}
+if( nSql ){
+/* This may be incomplete. Let the SQL parser deal with that. */
+echo_group_input(p, zSql);
+errCnt += runOneSqlLine(p, zSql, p->in, startline);
+CONTINUE_PROMPT_RESET;
+}
+free(zSql);
+free(zLine);
+--p->inputNesting;
+return errCnt>0;
+}
+/*
+** Return a pathname which is the user's home directory.  A
+** 0 return indicates an error of some kind.
+*/
+static char *find_home_dir(int clearFlag){
+static char *home_dir = NULL;
+if( clearFlag ){
+free(home_dir);
+home_dir = 0;
+return 0;
+}
+if( home_dir ) return home_dir;
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) \
+&& !defined(__RTP__) && !defined(_WRS_KERNEL) && !defined(SQLITE_WASI)
+{
+struct passwd *pwent;
+uid_t uid = getuid();
+if( (pwent=getpwuid(uid)) != NULL) {
+home_dir = pwent->pw_dir;
+}
+}
+#endif
+#if defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+/* Windows CE (arm-wince-mingw32ce-gcc) does not provide getenv()
+*/
+home_dir = "/";
+#else
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+if (!home_dir) {
+home_dir = getenv("USERPROFILE");
+}
+#endif
+if (!home_dir) {
+home_dir = getenv("HOME");
+}
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+if (!home_dir) {
+char *zDrive, *zPath;
+int n;
+zDrive = getenv("HOMEDRIVE");
+zPath = getenv("HOMEPATH");
+if( zDrive && zPath ){
+n = strlen30(zDrive) + strlen30(zPath) + 1;
+home_dir = malloc( n );
+if( home_dir==0 ) return 0;
+sqlite3_snprintf(n, home_dir, "%s%s", zDrive, zPath);
+return home_dir;
+}
+home_dir = "c:\\";
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* !_WIN32_WCE */
+if( home_dir ){
+i64 n = strlen(home_dir) + 1;
+char *z = malloc( n );
+if( z ) memcpy(z, home_dir, n);
+home_dir = z;
+}
+return home_dir;
+}
+/*
+** On non-Windows platforms, look for:
+**
+** - ${zEnvVar}/${zBaseName}
+** - ${HOME}/${zSubdir}/${zBaseName}
+**
+** $zEnvVar is intended to be the name of an XDG_... environment
+** variable, e.g. XDG_CONFIG_HOME or XDG_STATE_HOME.  If zEnvVar is
+** NULL or getenv(zEnvVar) is NULL then fall back to the second
+** option. If the selected option is not found in the filesystem,
+** return 0.
+**
+** zSubdir may be NULL or empty, in which case ${HOME}/${zBaseName}
+** becomes the fallback.
+**
+** Both zSubdir and zBaseName may contain subdirectory parts. zSubdir
+** will conventionally be ".config" or ".local/state", which, not
+** coincidentally, is the typical subdir of the corresponding XDG_...
+** var with the XDG var's $HOME prefix.
+**
+** The returned string is obtained from sqlite3_malloc() and should be
+** sqlite3_free()'d by the caller.
+*/
+static char *find_xdg_file(const char *zEnvVar, const char *zSubdir,
+const char *zBaseName){
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32_WCE) \
+|| defined(__RTP__) || defined(_WRS_KERNEL)
+return 0;
+#else
+char *zConfigFile = 0;
+const char *zXdgDir;
+zXdgDir = zEnvVar ? getenv(zEnvVar) : 0;
+if( zXdgDir ){
+zConfigFile = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/%s", zXdgDir, zBaseName);
+}else{
+const char * zHome = find_home_dir(0);
+if( zHome==0 ) return 0;
+zConfigFile = (zSubdir && *zSubdir)
+? sqlite3_mprintf("%s/%s/%s", zHome, zSubdir, zBaseName)
+: sqlite3_mprintf("%s/%s", zHome, zBaseName);
+}
+shell_check_oom(zConfigFile);
+if( access(zConfigFile,0)!=0 ){
+sqlite3_free(zConfigFile);
+zConfigFile = 0;
+}
+return zConfigFile;
+#endif
+}
+/*
+** Read input from the file sqliterc_override.  If that parameter is
+** NULL, take it from find_xdg_file(), if found, or fall back to
+** ~/.sqliterc.
+**
+** Failure to read the config is only considered a failure if
+** sqliterc_override is not NULL, in which case this function may emit
+** a warning or, if ::bail_on_error is true, fail fatally if the file
+** named by sqliterc_override is not found.
+*/
+static void process_sqliterc(
+ShellState *p,                  /* Configuration data */
+const char *sqliterc_override   /* Name of config file. NULL to use default */
+){
+char *home_dir = NULL;
+char *sqliterc = (char*)sqliterc_override;
+FILE *inSaved = p->in;
+i64 savedLineno = p->lineno;
+if( sqliterc == NULL ){
+sqliterc = find_xdg_file("XDG_CONFIG_HOME",
+".config",
+"sqlite3/sqliterc");
+}
+if( sqliterc == NULL ){
+home_dir = find_home_dir(0);
+if( home_dir==0 ){
+eputz("-- warning: cannot find home directory;"
+" cannot read ~/.sqliterc\n");
+return;
+}
+sqliterc = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/.sqliterc",home_dir);
+shell_check_oom(sqliterc);
+}
+p->in = sqliterc ? sqlite3_fopen(sqliterc,"rb") : 0;
+if( p->in ){
+if( stdin_is_interactive ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"-- Loading resources from %s\n", sqliterc);
+}
+if( process_input(p, sqliterc) && bail_on_error ) exit(1);
+fclose(p->in);
+}else if( sqliterc_override!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"cannot open: \"%s\"\n", sqliterc);
+if( bail_on_error ) exit(1);
+}
+p->in = inSaved;
+p->lineno = savedLineno;
+if( sqliterc != sqliterc_override ){
+sqlite3_free(sqliterc);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Show available command line options
+*/
+static const char zOptions[] =
+"   --                   treat no subsequent arguments as options\n"
+#if defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
+"   -A ARGS...           run \".archive ARGS\" and exit\n"
+#endif
+"   -append              append the database to the end of the file\n"
+"   -ascii               set output mode to 'ascii'\n"
+"   -bail                stop after hitting an error\n"
+"   -batch               force batch I/O\n"
+"   -box                 set output mode to 'box'\n"
+"   -column              set output mode to 'column'\n"
+"   -cmd COMMAND         run \"COMMAND\" before reading stdin\n"
+"   -csv                 set output mode to 'csv'\n"
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE)
+"   -deserialize         open the database using sqlite3_deserialize()\n"
+#endif
+"   -echo                print inputs before execution\n"
+"   -escape T            ctrl-char escape; T is one of: symbol, ascii, off\n"
+"   -init FILENAME       read/process named file\n"
+"   -[no]header          turn headers on or off\n"
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5)
+"   -heap SIZE           Size of heap for memsys3 or memsys5\n"
+#endif
+"   -help                show this message\n"
+"   -html                set output mode to HTML\n"
+"   -ifexists            only open if database already exists\n"
+"   -interactive         force interactive I/O\n"
+"   -json                set output mode to 'json'\n"
+"   -line                set output mode to 'line'\n"
+"   -list                set output mode to 'list'\n"
+"   -lookaside SIZE N    use N entries of SZ bytes for lookaside memory\n"
+"   -markdown            set output mode to 'markdown'\n"
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE)
+"   -maxsize N           maximum size for a --deserialize database\n"
+#endif
+"   -memtrace            trace all memory allocations and deallocations\n"
+"   -mmap N              default mmap size set to N\n"
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
+"   -multiplex           enable the multiplexor VFS\n"
+#endif
+"   -newline SEP         set output row separator. Default: '\\n'\n"
+"   -nofollow            refuse to open symbolic links to database files\n"
+"   -nonce STRING        set the safe-mode escape nonce\n"
+"   -no-rowid-in-view    Disable rowid-in-view using sqlite3_config()\n"
+"   -nullvalue TEXT      set text string for NULL values. Default ''\n"
+"   -pagecache SIZE N    use N slots of SZ bytes each for page cache memory\n"
+"   -pcachetrace         trace all page cache operations\n"
+"   -quote               set output mode to 'quote'\n"
+"   -readonly            open the database read-only\n"
+"   -safe                enable safe-mode\n"
+"   -separator SEP       set output column separator. Default: '|'\n"
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES
+"   -sorterref SIZE      sorter references threshold size\n"
+#endif
+"   -stats               print memory stats before each finalize\n"
+"   -table               set output mode to 'table'\n"
+"   -tabs                set output mode to 'tabs'\n"
+"   -unsafe-testing      allow unsafe commands and modes for testing\n"
+"   -version             show SQLite version\n"
+"   -vfs NAME            use NAME as the default VFS\n"
+"   -vfstrace            enable tracing of all VFS calls\n"
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+"   -zip                 open the file as a ZIP Archive\n"
+#endif
+;
+static void usage(int showDetail){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Usage: %s [OPTIONS] [FILENAME [SQL...]]\n"
+"FILENAME is the name of an SQLite database. A new database is created\n"
+"if the file does not previously exist. Defaults to :memory:.\n", Argv0);
+if( showDetail ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"OPTIONS include:\n%s", zOptions);
+}else{
+eputz("Use the -help option for additional information\n");
+}
+exit(0);
+}
+/*
+** Internal check:  Verify that the SQLite is uninitialized.  Print a
+** error message if it is initialized.
+*/
+static void verify_uninitialized(void){
+if( sqlite3_config(-1)==SQLITE_MISUSE ){
+sputz(stdout, "WARNING: attempt to configure SQLite after"
+" initialization.\n");
+}
+}
+/*
+** Initialize the state information in data
+*/
+static void main_init(ShellState *data) {
+memset(data, 0, sizeof(*data));
+data->normalMode = data->cMode = data->mode = MODE_List;
+data->autoExplain = 1;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+data->crlfMode = 1;
+#endif
+data->pAuxDb = &data->aAuxDb[0];
+memcpy(data->colSeparator,SEP_Column, 2);
+memcpy(data->rowSeparator,SEP_Row, 2);
+data->showHeader = 0;
+data->shellFlgs = SHFLG_Lookaside;
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG, shellLog, data);
+#if !defined(SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE)
+verify_uninitialized();
+#endif
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_URI, 1);
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(mainPrompt), mainPrompt,"sqlite> ");
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(continuePrompt), continuePrompt,"   ...> ");
+}
+/*
+** Output text to the console in a font that attracts extra attention.
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+static void printBold(const char *zText){
+#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+HANDLE out = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO defaultScreenInfo;
+GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(out, &defaultScreenInfo);
+SetConsoleTextAttribute(out,
+FOREGROUND_RED|FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
+);
+#endif
+sputz(stdout, zText);
+#if !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+SetConsoleTextAttribute(out, defaultScreenInfo.wAttributes);
+#endif
+}
+#else
+static void printBold(const char *zText){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "\033[1m%s\033[0m", zText);
+}
+#endif
+/*
+** Get the argument to an --option.  Throw an error and die if no argument
+** is available.
+*/
+static char *cmdline_option_value(int argc, char **argv, int i){
+if( i==argc ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"%s: Error: missing argument to %s\n", argv[0], argv[argc-1]);
+exit(1);
+}
+return argv[i];
+}
+static void sayAbnormalExit(void){
+if( seenInterrupt ) eputz("Program interrupted.\n");
+}
+/* Routine to output from vfstrace
+*/
+static int vfstraceOut(const char *z, void *pArg){
+ShellState *p = (ShellState*)pArg;
+sqlite3_fputs(z, p->out);
+fflush(p->out);
+return 1;
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
+#  if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) \
+&& (defined(_MSC_VER) || (defined(UNICODE) && defined(__GNUC__)))
+#    define SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8          (0)
+#  else
+#    define SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8          (1)
+#  endif
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+#  define main fiddle_main
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
+int SQLITE_CDECL main(int argc, char **argv){
+#else
+int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
+char **argv;
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+sqlite3_int64 mem_main_enter = 0;
+#endif
+char *zErrMsg = 0;
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+#  define data shellState
+#else
+ShellState data;
+#endif
+const char *zInitFile = 0;
+int i;
+int rc = 0;
+int warnInmemoryDb = 0;
+int readStdin = 1;
+int nCmd = 0;
+int nOptsEnd = argc;
+int bEnableVfstrace = 0;
+char **azCmd = 0;
+const char *zVfs = 0;           /* Value of -vfs command-line option */
+#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
+char **argvToFree = 0;
+int argcToFree = 0;
+#endif
+setvbuf(stderr, 0, _IONBF, 0); /* Make sure stderr is unbuffered */
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+stdin_is_interactive = 0;
+stdout_is_console = 1;
+data.wasm.zDefaultDbName = "/fiddle.sqlite3";
+#else
+stdin_is_interactive = isatty(0);
+stdout_is_console = isatty(1);
+#endif
+atexit(sayAbnormalExit);
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+mem_main_enter = sqlite3_memory_used();
+#endif
+#if !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+if( getenv("SQLITE_DEBUG_BREAK") ){
+if( isatty(0) && isatty(2) ){
+char zLine[100];
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"attach debugger to process %d and press ENTER to continue...",
+GETPID());
+if( sqlite3_fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), stdin)!=0
+&& cli_strcmp(zLine,"stop")==0
+){
+exit(1);
+}
+}else{
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+#if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
+__debugbreak();
+#else
+DebugBreak();
+#endif
+#elif defined(SIGTRAP)
+raise(SIGTRAP);
+#endif
+}
+}
+#endif
+/* Register a valid signal handler early, before much else is done. */
+#ifdef SIGINT
+signal(SIGINT, interrupt_handler);
+#elif (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+if( !SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ConsoleCtrlHandler, TRUE) ){
+eputz("No ^C handler.\n");
+}
+#endif
+#if USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE+0!=1
+if( cli_strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,60)!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"SQLite header and source version mismatch\n%s\n%s\n",
+sqlite3_sourceid(), SQLITE_SOURCE_ID);
+exit(1);
+}
+#endif
+main_init(&data);
+/* On Windows, we must translate command-line arguments into UTF-8.
+** The SQLite memory allocator subsystem has to be enabled in order to
+** do this.  But we want to run an sqlite3_shutdown() afterwards so that
+** subsequent sqlite3_config() calls will work.  So copy all results into
+** memory that does not come from the SQLite memory allocator.
+*/
+#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
+sqlite3_initialize();
+argvToFree = malloc(sizeof(argv[0])*argc*2);
+shell_check_oom(argvToFree);
+argcToFree = argc;
+argv = argvToFree + argc;
+for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
+char *z = sqlite3_win32_unicode_to_utf8(wargv[i]);
+i64 n;
+shell_check_oom(z);
+n = strlen(z);
+argv[i] = malloc( n+1 );
+shell_check_oom(argv[i]);
+memcpy(argv[i], z, n+1);
+argvToFree[i] = argv[i];
+sqlite3_free(z);
+}
+sqlite3_shutdown();
+#endif
+assert( argc>=1 && argv && argv[0] );
+Argv0 = argv[0];
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_DBNAME_PROC
+{
+/* If the SQLITE_SHELL_DBNAME_PROC macro is defined, then it is the name
+** of a C-function that will provide the name of the database file.  Use
+** this compile-time option to embed this shell program in larger
+** applications. */
+extern void SQLITE_SHELL_DBNAME_PROC(const char**);
+SQLITE_SHELL_DBNAME_PROC(&data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename);
+warnInmemoryDb = 0;
+}
+#endif
+/* Do an initial pass through the command-line argument to locate
+** the name of the database file, the name of the initialization file,
+** the size of the alternative malloc heap, options affecting commands
+** or SQL run from the command line, and the first command to execute.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+verify_uninitialized();
+#endif
+for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
+char *z;
+z = argv[i];
+if( z[0]!='-' || i>nOptsEnd ){
+if( data.aAuxDb->zDbFilename==0 ){
+data.aAuxDb->zDbFilename = z;
+}else{
+/* Excess arguments are interpreted as SQL (or dot-commands) and
+** mean that nothing is read from stdin */
+readStdin = 0;
+nCmd++;
+azCmd = realloc(azCmd, sizeof(azCmd[0])*nCmd);
+shell_check_oom(azCmd);
+azCmd[nCmd-1] = z;
+}
+continue;
+}
+if( z[1]=='-' ) z++;
+if( cli_strcmp(z, "-")==0 ){
+nOptsEnd = i;
+continue;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-separator")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(z,"-nullvalue")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(z,"-newline")==0
+|| cli_strcmp(z,"-cmd")==0
+){
+(void)cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-init")==0 ){
+zInitFile = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interactive")==0 ){
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
+/* Need to check for batch mode here to so we can avoid printing
+** informational messages (like from process_sqliterc) before
+** we do the actual processing of arguments later in a second pass.
+*/
+stdin_is_interactive = 0;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-utf8")==0 ){
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-rowid-in-view")==0 ){
+int val = 0;
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW, &val);
+assert( val==0 );
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-heap")==0 ){
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5)
+const char *zSize;
+sqlite3_int64 szHeap;
+zSize = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+szHeap = integerValue(zSize);
+if( szHeap>0x7fff0000 ) szHeap = 0x7fff0000;
+verify_uninitialized();
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP, malloc((int)szHeap), (int)szHeap, 64);
+#else
+(void)cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-pagecache")==0 ){
+sqlite3_int64 n, sz;
+sz = integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+if( sz>65536 ) sz = 65536;
+if( sz<0 ) sz = 0;
+n = integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+if( sz>0 && n>0 && 0xffffffffffffLL/sz<n ){
+n = 0xffffffffffffLL/sz;
+}
+if( sz>0 && (sz & (sz-1))==0 ){
+/* If SIZE is a power of two, round it up by the PCACHE_HDRSZ */
+int szHdr = 0;
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ, &szHdr);
+sz += szHdr;
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "Page cache size increased to %d to accommodate"
+" the %d-byte headers\n", (int)sz, szHdr);
+}
+verify_uninitialized();
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE,
+(n>0 && sz>0) ? malloc(n*sz) : 0, sz, n);
+data.shellFlgs |= SHFLG_Pagecache;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-lookaside")==0 ){
+int n, sz;
+sz = (int)integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+if( sz<0 ) sz = 0;
+n = (int)integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+if( n<0 ) n = 0;
+verify_uninitialized();
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE, sz, n);
+if( (i64)sz*(i64)n==0 ) data.shellFlgs &= ~SHFLG_Lookaside;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-threadsafe")==0 ){
+int n;
+n = (int)integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+verify_uninitialized();
+switch( n ){
+case 0:  sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD);  break;
+case 2:  sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD);   break;
+default: sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED);    break;
+}
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-vfstrace")==0 ){
+bEnableVfstrace = 1;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-multiplex")==0 ){
+extern int sqlite3_multiplex_initialize(const char*,int);
+sqlite3_multiplex_initialize(0, 1);
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-mmap")==0 ){
+sqlite3_int64 sz = integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+verify_uninitialized();
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE, sz, sz);
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES)
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-sorterref")==0 ){
+sqlite3_int64 sz = integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+verify_uninitialized();
+sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE, (int)sz);
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-vfs")==0 ){
+zVfs = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-zip")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-append")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-deserialize")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-maxsize")==0 && i+1<argc ){
+data.szMax = integerValue(argv[++i]);
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-readonly")==0 ){
+data.openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nofollow")==0 ){
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-exclusive")==0 ){  /* UNDOCUMENTED */
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-ifexists")==0 ){
+data.openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+if( data.openFlags==0 ) data.openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
+}else if( cli_strncmp(z, "-A",2)==0 ){
+/* All remaining command-line arguments are passed to the ".archive"
+** command, so ignore them */
+break;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z, "-memtrace")==0 ){
+sqlite3MemTraceActivate(stderr);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z, "-pcachetrace")==0 ){
+sqlite3PcacheTraceActivate(stderr);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bail")==0 ){
+bail_on_error = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nonce")==0 ){
+free(data.zNonce);
+data.zNonce = strdup(cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i));
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-unsafe-testing")==0 ){
+ShellSetFlag(&data,SHFLG_TestingMode);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-safe")==0 ){
+/* no-op - catch this on the second pass */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-escape")==0 && i+1<argc ){
+/* skip over the argument */
+i++;
+}
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+if( !bEnableVfstrace ) verify_uninitialized();
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_INIT_PROC
+{
+/* If the SQLITE_SHELL_INIT_PROC macro is defined, then it is the name
+** of a C-function that will perform initialization actions on SQLite that
+** occur just before or after sqlite3_initialize(). Use this compile-time
+** option to embed this shell program in larger applications. */
+extern void SQLITE_SHELL_INIT_PROC(void);
+SQLITE_SHELL_INIT_PROC();
+}
+#else
+/* All the sqlite3_config() calls have now been made. So it is safe
+** to call sqlite3_initialize() and process any command line -vfs option. */
+sqlite3_initialize();
+#endif
+if( zVfs ){
+sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(zVfs);
+if( pVfs ){
+sqlite3_vfs_register(pVfs, 1);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"no such VFS: \"%s\"\n", zVfs);
+exit(1);
+}
+}
+if( data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename==0 ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORYDB
+data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename = ":memory:";
+warnInmemoryDb = argc==1;
+#else
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"%s: Error: no database filename specified\n", Argv0);
+return 1;
+#endif
+}
+data.out = stdout;
+if( bEnableVfstrace ){
+vfstrace_register("trace",0,vfstraceOut, &data, 1);
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+sqlite3_appendvfs_init(0,0,0);
+#endif
+/* Go ahead and open the database file if it already exists.  If the
+** file does not exist, delay opening it.  This prevents empty database
+** files from being created if a user mistypes the database name argument
+** to the sqlite command-line tool.
+*/
+if( access(data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename, 0)==0 ){
+open_db(&data, 0);
+}
+/* Process the initialization file if there is one.  If no -init option
+** is given on the command line, look for a file named ~/.sqliterc and
+** try to process it.
+*/
+process_sqliterc(&data,zInitFile);
+/* Make a second pass through the command-line argument and set
+** options.  This second pass is delayed until after the initialization
+** file is processed so that the command-line arguments will override
+** settings in the initialization file.
+*/
+for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
+char *z = argv[i];
+if( z[0]!='-' || i>=nOptsEnd ) continue;
+if( z[1]=='-' ){ z++; }
+if( cli_strcmp(z,"-init")==0 ){
+i++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-html")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Html;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-list")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_List;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-quote")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Quote;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.colSeparator), data.colSeparator, SEP_Comma);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.rowSeparator), data.rowSeparator, SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-line")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Line;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-column")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Column;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-json")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Json;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-markdown")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Markdown;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-table")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Table;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-box")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Box;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-csv")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Csv;
+memcpy(data.colSeparator,",",2);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-escape")==0 && i+1<argc ){
+/* See similar code at tag-20250224-1 */
+const char *zEsc = argv[++i];
+int k;
+for(k=0; k<ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames); k++){
+if( sqlite3_stricmp(zEsc,shell_EscModeNames[k])==0 ){
+data.eEscMode = k;
+break;
+}
+}
+if( k>=ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames) ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "unknown control character escape mode \"%s\""
+" - choices:", zEsc);
+for(k=0; k<ArraySize(shell_EscModeNames); k++){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, " %s", shell_EscModeNames[k]);
+}
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+exit(1);
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-zip")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_ZIPFILE;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-append")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_APPENDVFS;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-deserialize")==0 ){
+data.openMode = SHELL_OPEN_DESERIALIZE;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-maxsize")==0 && i+1<argc ){
+data.szMax = integerValue(argv[++i]);
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-readonly")==0 ){
+data.openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nofollow")==0 ){
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-exclusive")==0 ){  /* UNDOCUMENTED */
+data.openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-ifexists")==0 ){
+data.openFlags &= ~(SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE);
+if( data.openFlags==0 ) data.openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-ascii")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_Ascii;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.colSeparator), data.colSeparator,SEP_Unit);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.rowSeparator), data.rowSeparator,SEP_Record);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-tabs")==0 ){
+data.mode = MODE_List;
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.colSeparator), data.colSeparator,SEP_Tab);
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.rowSeparator), data.rowSeparator,SEP_Row);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-separator")==0 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.colSeparator), data.colSeparator,
+"%s",cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-newline")==0 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.rowSeparator), data.rowSeparator,
+"%s",cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nullvalue")==0 ){
+sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(data.nullValue), data.nullValue,
+"%s",cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-header")==0 ){
+data.showHeader = 1;
+ShellSetFlag(&data, SHFLG_HeaderSet);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-noheader")==0 ){
+data.showHeader = 0;
+ShellSetFlag(&data, SHFLG_HeaderSet);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-echo")==0 ){
+ShellSetFlag(&data, SHFLG_Echo);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-eqp")==0 ){
+data.autoEQP = AUTOEQP_on;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-eqpfull")==0 ){
+data.autoEQP = AUTOEQP_full;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-stats")==0 ){
+data.statsOn = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-scanstats")==0 ){
+data.scanstatsOn = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-backslash")==0 ){
+/* Undocumented command-line option: -backslash
+** Causes C-style backslash escapes to be evaluated in SQL statements
+** prior to sending the SQL into SQLite.  Useful for injecting
+** crazy bytes in the middle of SQL statements for testing and debugging.
+*/
+ShellSetFlag(&data, SHFLG_Backslash);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bail")==0 ){
+/* No-op.  The bail_on_error flag should already be set. */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-version")==0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "%s %s (%d-bit)\n",
+sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(), 8*(int)sizeof(char*));
+return 0;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interactive")==0 ){
+/* Need to check for interactive override here to so that it can
+** affect console setup (for Windows only) and testing thereof.
+*/
+stdin_is_interactive = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
+/* already handled */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
+/* already handled */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-utf8")==0 ){
+/* already handled */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-rowid-in-view")==0 ){
+/* already handled */
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-heap")==0 ){
+i++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-pagecache")==0 ){
+i+=2;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-lookaside")==0 ){
+i+=2;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-threadsafe")==0 ){
+i+=2;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nonce")==0 ){
+i += 2;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-mmap")==0 ){
+i++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-memtrace")==0 ){
+i++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-pcachetrace")==0 ){
+i++;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-sorterref")==0 ){
+i++;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-vfs")==0 ){
+i++;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-vfstrace")==0 ){
+i++;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-multiplex")==0 ){
+i++;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-help")==0 ){
+usage(1);
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-cmd")==0 ){
+/* Run commands that follow -cmd first and separately from commands
+** that simply appear on the command-line.  This seems goofy.  It would
+** be better if all commands ran in the order that they appear.  But
+** we retain the goofy behavior for historical compatibility. */
+if( i==argc-1 ) break;
+z = cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i);
+if( z[0]=='.' ){
+rc = do_meta_command(z, &data);
+if( rc && bail_on_error ) return rc==2 ? 0 : rc;
+}else{
+open_db(&data, 0);
+rc = shell_exec(&data, z, &zErrMsg);
+if( zErrMsg!=0 ){
+shellEmitError(zErrMsg);
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+if( bail_on_error ) return rc!=0 ? rc : 1;
+}else if( rc!=0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: unable to process SQL \"%s\"\n", z);
+if( bail_on_error ) return rc;
+}
+}
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && defined(SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB)
+}else if( cli_strncmp(z, "-A", 2)==0 ){
+if( nCmd>0 ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Error: cannot mix regular SQL or dot-commands"
+" with \"%s\"\n", z);
+rc = 1;
+goto shell_main_exit;
+}
+open_db(&data, OPEN_DB_ZIPFILE);
+if( z[2] ){
+argv[i] = &z[2];
+arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+(i-1), argc-(i-1));
+}else{
+arDotCommand(&data, 1, argv+i, argc-i);
+}
+readStdin = 0;
+break;
+#endif
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-safe")==0 ){
+data.bSafeMode = data.bSafeModePersist = 1;
+}else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-unsafe-testing")==0 ){
+/* Acted upon in first pass. */
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error: unknown option: %s\n", Argv0, z);
+eputz("Use -help for a list of options.\n");
+return 1;
+}
+data.cMode = data.mode;
+}
+if( !readStdin ){
+/* Run all arguments that do not begin with '-' as if they were separate
+** command-line inputs, except for the argToSkip argument which contains
+** the database filename.
+*/
+for(i=0; i<nCmd; i++){
+echo_group_input(&data, azCmd[i]);
+if( azCmd[i][0]=='.' ){
+rc = do_meta_command(azCmd[i], &data);
+if( rc ){
+if( rc==2 ) rc = 0;
+goto shell_main_exit;
+}
+}else{
+open_db(&data, 0);
+rc = shell_exec(&data, azCmd[i], &zErrMsg);
+if( zErrMsg || rc ){
+if( zErrMsg!=0 ){
+shellEmitError(zErrMsg);
+}else{
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,
+"Error: unable to process SQL: %s\n", azCmd[i]);
+}
+sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
+if( rc==0 ) rc = 1;
+goto shell_main_exit;
+}
+}
+}
+}else{
+/* Run commands received from standard input
+*/
+if( stdin_is_interactive ){
+char *zHome;
+char *zHistory;
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout,
+"SQLite version %s %.19s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
+"Enter \".help\" for usage hints.\n",
+sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
+if( warnInmemoryDb ){
+sputz(stdout, "Connected to a ");
+printBold("transient in-memory database");
+sputz(stdout, ".\nUse \".open FILENAME\" to reopen on a"
+" persistent database.\n");
+}
+zHistory = getenv("SQLITE_HISTORY");
+if( zHistory ){
+zHistory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zHistory);
+shell_check_oom(zHistory);
+}else{
+zHistory = find_xdg_file("XDG_STATE_HOME",
+".local/state",
+"sqlite_history");
+if( 0==zHistory && (zHome = find_home_dir(0))!=0 ){
+zHistory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s/.sqlite_history", zHome);
+shell_check_oom(zHistory);
+}
+}
+if( zHistory ){ shell_read_history(zHistory); }
+#if (HAVE_READLINE || HAVE_EDITLINE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_READLINE_COMPLETION)
+rl_attempted_completion_function = readline_completion;
+#elif HAVE_LINENOISE==1
+linenoiseSetCompletionCallback(linenoise_completion);
+#elif HAVE_LINENOISE==2
+linenoiseSetCompletionCallback(linenoise_completion, NULL);
+#endif
+data.in = 0;
+rc = process_input(&data, "<stdin>");
+if( zHistory ){
+shell_stifle_history(2000);
+shell_write_history(zHistory);
+sqlite3_free(zHistory);
+}
+}else{
+data.in = stdin;
+rc = process_input(&data, "<stdin>");
+}
+}
+#ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* In WASM mode we have to leave the db state in place so that
+** client code can "push" SQL into it after this call returns. */
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION)
+if( data.expert.pExpert ){
+expertFinish(&data, 1, 0);
+}
+#endif
+shell_main_exit:
+free(azCmd);
+set_table_name(&data, 0);
+if( data.db ){
+session_close_all(&data, -1);
+close_db(data.db);
+}
+for(i=0; i<ArraySize(data.aAuxDb); i++){
+sqlite3_free(data.aAuxDb[i].zFreeOnClose);
+if( data.aAuxDb[i].db ){
+session_close_all(&data, i);
+close_db(data.aAuxDb[i].db);
+}
+}
+find_home_dir(1);
+output_reset(&data);
+data.doXdgOpen = 0;
+clearTempFile(&data);
+#if !SQLITE_SHELL_IS_UTF8
+for(i=0; i<argcToFree; i++) free(argvToFree[i]);
+free(argvToFree);
+#endif
+free(data.colWidth);
+free(data.zNonce);
+/* Clear the global data structure so that valgrind will detect memory
+** leaks */
+memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+if( bEnableVfstrace ){
+vfstrace_unregister("trace");
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+if( sqlite3_memory_used()>mem_main_enter ){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stderr,"Memory leaked: %u bytes\n",
+(unsigned int)(sqlite3_memory_used()-mem_main_enter));
+}
+#endif
+#else /* SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE... */
+shell_main_exit:
+#endif
+return rc;
+}
+#ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
+/* Only for emcc experimentation purposes. */
+int fiddle_experiment(int a,int b){
+return a + b;
+}
+/*
+** Returns a pointer to the current DB handle.
+*/
+sqlite3 * fiddle_db_handle(){
+return globalDb;
+}
+/*
+** Returns a pointer to the given DB name's VFS. If zDbName is 0 then
+** "main" is assumed. Returns 0 if no db with the given name is
+** open.
+*/
+sqlite3_vfs * fiddle_db_vfs(const char *zDbName){
+sqlite3_vfs * pVfs = 0;
+if(globalDb){
+sqlite3_file_control(globalDb, zDbName ? zDbName : "main",
+SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER, &pVfs);
+}
+return pVfs;
+}
+/* Only for emcc experimentation purposes. */
+sqlite3 * fiddle_db_arg(sqlite3 *arg){
+sqlite3_fprintf(stdout, "fiddle_db_arg(%p)\n", (const void*)arg);
+return arg;
+}
+/*
+** Intended to be called via a SharedWorker() while a separate
+** SharedWorker() (which manages the wasm module) is performing work
+** which should be interrupted. Unfortunately, SharedWorker is not
+** portable enough to make real use of.
+*/
+void fiddle_interrupt(void){
+if( globalDb ) sqlite3_interrupt(globalDb);
+}
+/*
+** Returns the filename of the given db name, assuming "main" if
+** zDbName is NULL. Returns NULL if globalDb is not opened.
+*/
+const char * fiddle_db_filename(const char * zDbName){
+return globalDb
+? sqlite3_db_filename(globalDb, zDbName ? zDbName : "main")
+: NULL;
+}
+/*
+** Completely wipes out the contents of the currently-opened database
+** but leaves its storage intact for reuse. If any transactions are
+** active, they are forcibly rolled back.
+*/
+void fiddle_reset_db(void){
+if( globalDb ){
+int rc;
+while( sqlite3_txn_state(globalDb,0)>0 ){
+/*
+** Resolve problem reported in
+** https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/0b41a25d65
+*/
+sqlite3_fputs("Rolling back in-progress transaction.\n", stdout);
+sqlite3_exec(globalDb,"ROLLBACK", 0, 0, 0);
+}
+rc = sqlite3_db_config(globalDb, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
+if( 0==rc ) sqlite3_exec(globalDb, "VACUUM", 0, 0, 0);
+sqlite3_db_config(globalDb, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
+}
+}
+/*
+** Uses the current database's VFS xRead to stream the db file's
+** contents out to the given callback. The callback gets a single
+** chunk of size n (its 2nd argument) on each call and must return 0
+** on success, non-0 on error. This function returns 0 on success,
+** SQLITE_NOTFOUND if no db is open, or propagates any other non-0
+** code from the callback. Note that this is not thread-friendly: it
+** expects that it will be the only thread reading the db file and
+** takes no measures to ensure that is the case.
+*/
+int fiddle_export_db( int (*xCallback)(unsigned const char *zOut, int n) ){
+sqlite3_int64 nSize = 0;
+sqlite3_int64 nPos = 0;
+sqlite3_file * pFile = 0;
+unsigned char buf[1024 * 8];
+int nBuf = (int)sizeof(buf);
+int rc = shellState.db
+? sqlite3_file_control(shellState.db, "main",
+SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER, &pFile)
+: SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+if( rc ) return rc;
+rc = pFile->pMethods->xFileSize(pFile, &nSize);
+if( rc ) return rc;
+if(nSize % nBuf){
+/* DB size is not an even multiple of the buffer size. Reduce
+** buffer size so that we do not unduly inflate the db size when
+** exporting. */
+if(0 == nSize % 4096) nBuf = 4096;
+else if(0 == nSize % 2048) nBuf = 2048;
+else if(0 == nSize % 1024) nBuf = 1024;
+else nBuf = 512;
+}
+for( ; 0==rc && nPos<nSize; nPos += nBuf ){
+rc = pFile->pMethods->xRead(pFile, buf, nBuf, nPos);
+if(SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ == rc){
+rc = (nPos + nBuf) < nSize ? rc : 0/*assume EOF*/;
+}
+if( 0==rc ) rc = xCallback(buf, nBuf);
+}
+return rc;
+}
+/*
+** Trivial exportable function for emscripten. It processes zSql as if
+** it were input to the sqlite3 shell and redirects all output to the
+** wasm binding. fiddle_main() must have been called before this
+** is called, or results are undefined.
+*/
+void fiddle_exec(const char * zSql){
+if(zSql && *zSql){
+if('.'==*zSql) puts(zSql);
+shellState.wasm.zInput = zSql;
+shellState.wasm.zPos = zSql;
+process_input(&shellState, "<stdin>");
+shellState.wasm.zInput = shellState.wasm.zPos = 0;
+}
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE */

Mercurial

comparison third_party/sqlite3/shell.c @ 173:827c6ac504cd hg-web