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annotate third_party/sqlite3/autosetup/README.md @ 279:b3b547563ec7
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Co-authored-by: Copilot <[email protected]>
Copilot-Session: 84c338fd-0939-4bb3-b7f3-1062eb213e5d
| author | MrJuneJune <me@mrjunejune.com> |
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| date | Mon, 17 Aug 2026 22:22:36 -0700 |
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1 Maintaining Autosetup in the SQLite Tree |
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2 ======================================================================== |
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3 |
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4 This document provides some tips and reminders for the SQLite |
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5 developers regarding using and maintaining the [Autosetup][]-based |
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6 build infrastructure. It is not an [Autosetup][] reference. |
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7 |
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8 **Table of Contents**: |
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9 |
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10 - [Autosetup API Reference](#apiref) |
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11 - [API Tips](#apitips) |
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12 - [Ensuring TCL Compatibility](#tclcompat) |
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13 - [Design Conventions](#conventions) |
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14 - Symbolic Names of Feature Flags |
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15 - Do Not Update Global Shared State |
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16 - [Updating Autosetup](#updating) |
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17 - ***[Patching Autosetup for Project-local changes](#patching)*** |
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18 - [Branch-specific Customization](#branch-customization) |
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19 |
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20 |
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21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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22 |
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23 <a name="apiref"></a> |
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24 Autosetup API Reference |
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25 ======================================================================== |
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26 |
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27 The Autosetup API is quite extensive and can be read either in |
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28 the [files in the `autosetup` dir](/dir/autosetup) or using: |
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29 |
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30 > |
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31 ``` |
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32 $ ./configure --reference | less |
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33 ``` |
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34 |
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35 That will include any docs from any TCL files in the `./autosetup` dir |
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36 which contain certain (simple) markup defined by autosetup. |
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37 |
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38 This project's own configuration-related TCL code is spread across the |
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39 following files: |
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40 |
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41 - [proj.tcl][]: project-agnostic utility code for autosetup-driven |
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42 projects. This file is designed to be shared between this project, |
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43 other projects managed under the SQLite/Hwaci umbrella |
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44 (e.g. Fossil), and personal projects of SQLite's developers. It is |
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45 essentially an amalgamation of a decade's worth of autosetup-related |
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46 utility code. |
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47 - [sqlite-config.tcl][]: utility code which is too project-specific |
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48 for `proj.tcl`. We split this out of `auto.def` so that it can be |
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49 used by both `auto.def` and... |
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50 - [auto.def][]: the primary driver for the `./configure` process. |
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51 When we talk about "the configure script," we're technically |
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52 referring to this file, though it actually contains very little |
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53 of the TCL code. |
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54 - [autoconf/auto.def][]: the main driver script for the "autoconf" |
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55 bundle's configure script. It is essentially a slightly trimmed-down |
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56 version of the main `auto.def` file. The `autoconf` dir was ported |
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57 from the Autotools to Autosetup in the 3.49.0 dev cycle but retains |
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58 the "autoconf" name to minimize downstream disruption. |
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59 |
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60 |
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61 <a name="apitips"></a> |
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62 Autosetup API Tips |
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63 ======================================================================== |
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64 |
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65 This section briefly covers only APIs which are frequently useful in |
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66 day-to-day maintenance and might not be immediately recognized as such |
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67 from a casual perusal of the relevant TCL files. The complete docs of |
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68 those with `proj-` prefix can be found in [proj.tcl][] and those with |
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69 an `sqlite-` prefix are in [sqlite-config.tcl][]. The others are part |
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70 of Autosetup's core packages and are scattered around [the TCL files |
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71 in ./autosetup](/dir/autosetup). |
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72 |
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73 In (mostly) alphabetical order: |
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74 |
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75 - **`file-isexec filename`**\ |
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76 Should be used in place of `[file executable]`, as it will also |
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77 check for `${filename}.exe` on Windows platforms. However, on such |
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78 platforms it also assumes that _any_ existing file is executable. |
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79 |
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80 - **`get-env VAR ?default?`**\ |
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81 Will fetch an "environment variable" from the first of either: (1) a |
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82 KEY=VALUE passed to the configure script or (2) the system's |
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83 environment variables. Not to be confused with `getenv`, which only |
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84 does the latter and is rarely, if ever, useful in this tree. |
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85 - **`proj-get-env VAR ?default?`**\ |
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86 Works like `get-env` but will, if that function finds no match, |
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87 look for a file named `./.env-$VAR` and, if found, return its |
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88 trimmed contents. This can be used, e.g., to set a developer's |
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89 local preferences for the default `CFLAGS`.\ |
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90 Tip: adding `-O0` to `.env-CFLAGS` reduces rebuild times |
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91 considerably at the cost of performance in `make devtest` and the |
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92 like. |
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93 |
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94 - **`proj-fatal msg`**\ |
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95 Emits `$msg` to stderr and exits with non-zero. Its differences from |
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96 autosetup's `user-error` are purely cosmetic. |
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97 |
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98 - **`proj-if-opt-truthy flag thenScript ?elseScript?`**\ |
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99 Evals `thenScript` if the given `--flag` is truthy, else it |
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100 evals the optional `elseScript`. |
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101 |
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102 - **`proj-indented-notice ?-error? ?-notice? msg`**\ |
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103 Breaks its `msg` argument into lines, trims them, and emits them |
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104 with consistent indentation. Exactly how it emits depends on the |
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105 flags passed to it (or not), as covered in its docs. This will stick |
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106 out starkly from normal output and is intended to be used only for |
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107 important notices. |
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108 |
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109 - **`proj-opt-truthy flag`**\ |
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110 Returns 1 if `--flag`'s value is "truthy," i.e. one of (1, on, |
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111 enabled, yes, true). |
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112 |
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113 - **`proj-opt-was-provided FLAG`**\ |
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114 Returns 1 if `--FLAG` was explicitly provided to configure, |
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115 else 0. This distinction can be used to determine, e.g., whether |
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116 `--with-readline` was provided or whether we're searching for |
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117 readline by default. In the former case, failure to find it should |
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118 be treated as fatal, where in the latter case it's not.\ |
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119 Unlike most functions which deal with `--flags`, this one does not |
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120 validate that `$FLAG` is a registered flag so will not fail fatally |
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121 if `$FLAG` is not registered as an Autosetup option. |
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122 |
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123 - **`proj-val-truthy value`**\ |
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124 Returns 1 if `$value` is "truthy," See `proj-opt-truthy` for the definition |
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125 of "truthy." |
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126 |
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127 - **`proj-warn msg`**\ |
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128 Emits `$msg` to stderr. Closely-related is autosetup's `user-notice` |
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129 (described below). |
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130 |
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131 - **`sqlite-add-feature-flag ?-shell? FLAG...`**\ |
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132 Adds the given feature flag to the CFLAGS which are specific to |
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133 building libsqlite3. It's intended to be passed one or more |
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134 `-DSQLITE_ENABLE_...`, or similar, flags. If the `-shell` flag is |
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135 used then it also passes its arguments to |
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136 `sqlite-add-shell-opt`. This is a no-op if `FLAG` is not provided or |
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137 is empty. |
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138 |
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139 - **`sqlite-add-shell-opt FLAG...`**\ |
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140 The shell-specific counterpart of `sqlite-add-feature-flag` which |
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141 only adds the given flag(s) to the CLI-shell-specific CFLAGS. |
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142 |
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143 - **`sqlite-configure BUILD-NAME {script}`**\ |
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144 This is where all configure `--flags` are defined for all known |
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145 build modes ("canonical" or "autoconf"). After processing all flags, |
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146 this function runs `$script`, which contains the build-mode-specific |
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147 configuration bits, and then runs any finalization bits which are |
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148 common to all build modes. The `auto.def` files are intended to contain |
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149 exactly two commands: |
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150 `use sqlite-config; sqlite-configure BUILD-NAME {script}` |
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151 |
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152 - **`user-notice msg`**\ |
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153 Queues `$msg` to be sent to stderr, but does not emit it until |
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154 either `show-notices` is called or the next time autosetup would |
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155 output something (it internally calls `show-notices`). This can be |
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156 used to generate warnings between a "checking for..." message and |
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157 its resulting "yes/no/whatever" message in such a way as to not |
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158 spoil the layout of such messages. |
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159 |
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160 |
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161 <a name="tclcompat"></a> |
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162 Ensuring TCL Compatibility |
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163 ======================================================================== |
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164 |
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165 One of the significant benefits of using Autosetup is that (A) this |
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166 project uses many TCL scripts in the build process and (B) Autosetup |
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167 comes with a TCL interpreter named [JimTCL][]. |
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168 |
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169 It is important that any TCL files used by the configure process and |
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170 makefiles remain compatible with both [JimTCL][] and the canonical |
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171 TCL. Though JimTCL has outstanding compatibility with canonical TCL, |
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172 it does have a few corners with incompatibilities, e.g. regular |
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173 expressions. If a script runs in JimTCL without using any |
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174 JimTCL-specific features, then it's a certainty that it will run in |
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175 canonical TCL as well. The opposite, however, is not _always_ the |
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176 case. |
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177 |
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178 When [`./configure`](/file/configure) is run, it goes through a |
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179 bootstrapping process to find a suitable TCL with which to run the |
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180 autosetup framework. The first step involves [finding or building a |
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181 TCL shell](/file/autosetup/autosetup-find-tclsh). That will first |
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182 search for an available `tclsh` (under several common names, |
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183 e.g. `tclsh8.6`) before falling back to compiling the copy of |
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184 `jimsh0.c` included in the source tree. i.e. it will prefer to use a |
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185 system-installed TCL for running the configure script. Once it finds |
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186 (or builds) a TCL shell, it then runs [a sanity test to ensure that |
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187 the shell is suitable](/file/autosetup/autosetup-test-tclsh) before |
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188 using it to run the main autosetup app. |
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189 |
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190 There are two simple ways to ensure that running of the configure |
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191 process uses JimTCL instead of the canonical `tclsh`, and either |
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192 approach provides equally high assurances about configure script |
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193 compatibility across TCL implementations: |
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194 |
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195 1. Build on a system with no `tclsh` installed in the `$PATH`. In that |
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196 case, the configure process will fall back to building the in-tree |
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197 copy of JimTCL. |
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198 |
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199 2. Manually build `./jimsh0` in the top of the checkout with:\ |
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200 `cc -o jimsh0 autosetup/jimsh0.c`\ |
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201 With that in place, the configure script will prefer to use that |
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202 before looking for a system-level `tclsh`. Be aware, though, that |
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203 `make distclean` will remove that file. |
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204 |
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205 **Note that `./jimsh0` is distinctly different from the `./jimsh`** |
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206 which gets built for code-generation purposes. The latter requires |
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207 non-default build flags to enable features which are |
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208 platform-dependent, most notably to make its `[file normalize]` work. |
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209 This means, for example, that the configure script and its utility |
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210 APIs must not use `[file normalize]`, but autosetup provides a |
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211 TCL-only implementation of `[file-normalize]` (note the dash) for |
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212 portable use in the configure script. Contrariwise, code-generation |
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213 scripts invoked via `make` may use `[file normalize]`, as they'll use |
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214 `./jimsh` or `tclsh` instead of `./jimsh0`. |
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215 |
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216 |
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217 Known TCL Incompatibilities |
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218 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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219 |
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220 A summary of known incompatibilities in JimTCL |
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221 |
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222 - **CRNL line endings**: prior to 2025-02-05 `fconfigure -translation ...` |
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223 was a no-op in JimTCL, and it emits CRNL line endings by default on |
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224 Windows. Since then, it supports `-translation binary`, which is |
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225 close enough to `-translation lf` for our purposes. When working |
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226 with files using the `open` command, it is important to use mode |
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227 `"rb"` or `"wb"`, as appropriate, so that the output does not get |
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228 CRNL-mangled on Windows. |
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229 |
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230 - **`file copy`** does not support multiple source files. See |
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231 [](/info/61f18c96183867fe) for a workaround. |
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232 |
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233 - **Regular expressions**: |
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234 |
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235 - Patterns treat `\nnn` octal values as back-references (which it |
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236 does not support). Those can be reformulated as demonstrated in |
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237 [](/info/aeac23359bb681c0). |
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238 |
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239 - `regsub` does not support the `\y` flag. A workaround is demonstrated |
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240 in [](/info/c2e5dd791cce3ec4). |
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241 |
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242 |
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243 <a name="conventions"></a> |
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244 Design Conventions |
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245 ======================================================================== |
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246 |
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247 This section describes the motivations for the most glaring of the |
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248 build's design decisions, in particular how they deviate from |
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249 historical, or even widely-conventional, practices. |
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250 |
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251 Symbolic Names of Feature Flags |
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252 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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253 |
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254 Historically, the project's makefile has exclusively used |
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255 `UPPER_UNDERSCORE` form for makefile variables. This build, however, |
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256 primarily uses `X.y` format, where `X` is often a category label, |
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257 e.g. `CFLAGS`, and `y` is the specific instance of that category, |
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258 e.g. `CFLAGS.readline`. |
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259 |
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260 When the configure script exports flags for consumption by filtered |
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261 files, e.g. [Makefile.in][] and the generated |
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262 `sqlite_cfg.h`, it does so in the more conventional `X_Y` form because |
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263 those flags get exported as as C `#define`s to `sqlite_cfg.h`, where |
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264 dots are not permitted. |
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265 |
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266 The `X.y` convention is used in the makefiles primarily because the |
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267 person who did the initial port finds that considerably easier on the |
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268 eyes and fingers. In practice, the `X_Y` form of such exports is used |
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269 exactly once in [Makefile.in][], where it's translated from `@X_Y@` |
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270 into into `X.y` form for consumption by [Makefile.in][] and |
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271 [main.mk][]. For example: |
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272 |
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273 > |
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274 ``` |
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275 LDFLAGS.shobj = @SHOBJ_LDFLAGS@ |
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276 LDFLAGS.zlib = @LDFLAGS_ZLIB@ |
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277 LDFLAGS.math = @LDFLAGS_MATH@ |
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278 ``` |
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279 |
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280 (That first one is defined by autosetup, and thus applies "LDFLAGS" as |
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281 the suffix rather than the prefix. Which is more legible is a matter |
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282 of taste, for which there is no accounting.) |
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283 |
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284 |
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285 Do Not Update Global Shared State |
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286 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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287 |
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288 In both the legacy Autotools-driven build and common Autosetup usage, |
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289 feature tests performed by the configure script may amend global flags |
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290 such as `LIBS`, `LDFLAGS`, and `CFLAGS`[^as-cflags]. That's |
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291 appropriate for a makefile which builds a single deliverable, but less |
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292 so for makefiles which produce multiple deliverables. Drawbacks of |
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293 that approach include: |
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294 |
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295 - It's unlikely that every single deliverable will require the same |
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296 core set of those flags. |
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297 - It can be difficult to determine the origin of any given change to |
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298 that global state because those changes are hidden behind voodoo |
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299 performed outside the immediate visibility of the configure script's |
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300 maintainer. |
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301 - It can force the maintainers of the configure script to place tests |
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302 in a specific order so that the resulting flags get applied at |
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303 the correct time and/or in the correct order.\ |
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304 (A real-life example: before the approach described below was taken |
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305 to collecting build-time flags, the test for `-rpath` had to come |
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306 _after_ the test for zlib because the results of the `-rpath` test |
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307 implicitly modified global state which broke the zlib feature |
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308 test. Because the feature tests no longer (intentionally) modify |
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309 shared global state, that is not an issue.) |
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310 |
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311 In this build, cases where feature tests modify global state in such a |
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312 way that it may impact later feature tests are either (A) very |
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313 intentionally defined to do so (e.g. the `--with-wasi-sdk` flag has |
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314 invasive side-effects) or (B) are oversights (i.e. bugs). |
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315 |
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316 This tree's [configure script][auto.def], [utility APIs][proj.tcl], |
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317 [Makefile.in][], and [main.mk][] therefore strive to separate the |
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318 results of any given feature test into its own well-defined |
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319 variables. For example: |
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320 |
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321 - The linker flags for zlib are exported from the configure script as |
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322 `LDFLAGS_ZLIB`, which [Makefile.in][] and [main.mk][] then expose as |
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323 `LDFLAGS.zlib`. |
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324 - `CFLAGS_READLINE` (a.k.a. `CFLAGS.readline`) contains the `CFLAGS` |
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325 needed for including `libreadline`, `libedit`, or `linenoise`, and |
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326 `LDFLAGS_READLINE` (a.k.a. `LDFLAGS.readline`) is its link-time |
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327 counterpart. |
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328 |
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329 It is then up to the Makefile to apply and order the flags however is |
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330 appropriate. |
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331 |
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332 At the end of the configure script, the global `CFLAGS` _ideally_ |
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333 holds only flags which are either relevant to all targets or, failing |
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334 that, will have no unintended side-effects on any targets. That said: |
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335 clients frequently pass custom `CFLAGS` to `./configure` or `make` to |
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336 set library-level feature toggles, e.g. `-DSQLITE_OMIT_FOO`, in which |
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337 case there is no practical way to avoid "polluting" the builds of |
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338 arbitrary makefile targets with those. _C'est la vie._ |
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339 |
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340 |
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341 [^as-cflags]: But see this article for a detailed discussion of how |
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342 autosetup currently deals specifically with CFLAGS: |
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343 <https://msteveb.github.io/autosetup/articles/handling-cflags/> |
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344 |
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345 |
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346 <a name="updating"></a> |
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347 Updating Autosetup |
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348 ======================================================================== |
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349 |
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350 Updating autosetup is, more often than not, painless. It requires having |
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351 a checked-out copy of [the autosetup git repository][autosetup-git]: |
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352 |
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353 > |
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354 ``` |
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355 $ git clone https://github.com/msteveb/autosetup |
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356 $ cd autosetup |
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357 # Or, if it's already checked out: |
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358 $ git pull |
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359 ``` |
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360 |
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361 Then, from the top-most directory of an SQLite checkout: |
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362 |
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363 > |
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364 ``` |
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365 $ /path/to/autosetup-checkout/autosetup --install . |
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366 $ fossil status # show the modified files |
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367 ``` |
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368 |
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369 Unless the upgrade made any incompatible changes (which is exceedingly |
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370 rare), that's all there is to it. After that's done, **apply a patch |
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371 for the change described in the following section**, test the |
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372 configure process, and check it in. |
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373 |
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374 <a name="patching"></a> |
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375 Patching Autosetup for Project-local Changes |
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376 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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377 |
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378 Autosetup reserves the flag name **`--debug`** for its own purposes, |
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379 and its own special handling of `--enable-...` flags makes `--debug` |
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380 an alias for `--enable-debug`. As this project has a long history of |
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381 using `--enable-debug`, we patch autosetup to use the name |
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382 `--autosetup-debug` in place of `--debug`. That requires (as of this |
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383 writing) four small edits in |
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384 [/autosetup/autosetup](/file/autosetup/autosetup), as demonstrated in |
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385 [check-in 3296c8d3](/info/3296c8d3). |
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386 |
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387 If autosetup is upgraded and this patch is _not_ applied the invoking |
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388 `./configure` will fail loudly because of the declaration of the |
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389 `debug` flag in `auto.def` - duplicated flags are not permitted. |
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390 |
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391 <a name="branch-customization"></a> |
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392 Branch-specific Customization |
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393 ======================================================================== |
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394 |
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395 Certain vendor-specific branches require slight configure script |
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396 customization. Rather than editing `sqlite-config.tcl` for this, |
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397 which frequently leads to merge conflicts, the following approach |
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398 is recommended: |
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399 |
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400 In the vendor-specific branch, create a file named |
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401 `autosetup/sqlite-custom.tcl`. |
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402 |
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403 That file should contain the following content... |
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404 |
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405 If flag customization is required, add: |
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406 |
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407 > |
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408 ``` |
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409 proc sqlite-custom-flags {} { |
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410 # If any existing --flags require different default values |
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411 # then call: |
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412 options-defaults { |
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413 flag-name new-default-value |
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414 ... |
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415 } |
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416 # ^^^ That will replace the default value but will not update |
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417 # the --help text, which may lead to some confusion: |
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418 # https://github.com/msteveb/autosetup/issues/77 |
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419 |
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420 return { |
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421 {*} { |
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422 new-flag-name => {Help text} |
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423 ... |
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424 } |
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425 }; #see below |
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426 } |
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427 ``` |
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428 |
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429 That function must return either an empty string or a list in the form |
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430 used internally by [sqlite-config.tcl][]'s `sqlite-configure`. |
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431 |
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432 Next, define: |
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433 |
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434 > |
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435 ``` |
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436 proc sqlite-custom-handle-flags {} { |
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437 ... do any custom flag handling here ... |
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438 } |
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439 ``` |
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440 |
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441 That function, if defined, will be called relatively late in the |
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442 configure process, before any filtered files are generated but after |
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443 all other significant processing. |
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444 |
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445 |
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446 [Autosetup]: https://msteveb.github.io/autosetup/ |
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447 [auto.def]: /file/auto.def |
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448 [autoconf/auto.def]: /file/autoconf/auto.def |
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449 [autosetup-git]: https://github.com/msteveb/autosetup |
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450 [proj.tcl]: /file/autosetup/proj.tcl |
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451 [sqlite-config.tcl]: /file/autosetup/sqlite-config.tcl |
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452 [Makefile.in]: /file/Makefile.in |
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453 [main.mk]: /file/main.mk |
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454 [JimTCL]: https://jim.tcl.tk |